美国纽约皇后区英文介绍

QUEENS WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1683 AS ONE OF THE ORIGINAL 12 COUNTIES OF NEW YORK AND WAS NAMED FOR THE THEN-QUEEN CONSORT, CATHERINE OF BRAGANZA, WIFE OF CHARLES II. [2] [3] THE BOROUGH IS OFTEN CONSIDERED ONE OF THE MORE SUBURBAN BOROUGHS OF NEW YORK CITY. NEIGHBORHOODS IN CENTRAL (EXCEPT THOSE SITUATED ALONG QUEENS BOULEVARD), SOUTHERN, AND EASTERN QUEENS HAVE A LOOK AND FEEL SIMILAR TO THE BORDERING SUBURBS OF WESTERN NASSAU COUNTY IN ITS NORTHWESTERN SECTION, HOWEVER, QUEENS IS HOME TO MANY URBAN NEIGHBORHOODS AND SEVERAL CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICTS. LONG ISLAND CITY, ON THE QUEENS' WATERFRONT ACROSS FROM MANHATTAN, IS THE SITE OF THE CITICORP BUILDING, THE TALLEST SKYSCRAPER IN NEW YORK CITY OUTSIDE OF MANHATTAN.
BY 1870, QUEENS COUNTY CONSISTED OF SIX TOWNS: FLUSHING, HEMPSTEAD, JAMAICA, NEWTOWN, NORTH HEMPSTEAD, AND OYSTER BAY. THE CENTRAL COMMUNITY IN EACH HAD BEEN INCORPORATED AS A VILLAGE OF THE SAME NAME, AND OTHER VILLAGES HAD ALSO BEEN INCORPORATED. ALSO IN 1870, THE CITY OF LONG ISLAND CITY WAS INCORPORATED, CONSISTING OF WHAT HAD BEEN THE VILLAGE OF ASTORIA AND SOME UNINCORPORATED AREAS IN THE TOWN OF NEWTOWN. THE SEAT OF THE COUNTY GOVERNMENT WAS LOCATED FIRST IN JAMAICA, BUT WAS MOVED IN 1788 TO MINEOLA, THEN A HAMLET WITHIN THE TOWN OF HEMPSTEAD.
QUEENS PLAYED A MINOR ROLE IN THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, AS COMPARED TO BROOKLYN WHERE THE BATTLE OF LONG ISLAND WAS LARGELY FOUGHT. QUEENS, LIKE THE REST OF LONG ISLAND, FELL UNDER BRITISH OCCUPATION AFTER THE BATTLE OF LONG ISLAND IN AUGUST 1776 AND REMAINED OCCUPIED THROUGHOUT MOST OF THE REST OF THE WAR. UNDER THE QUARTERING ACT, BRITISH SOLDIERS USED THE PRIVATE HOMES OF QUEENS RESIDENTS AS REFUGE DURING THE WAR, AGAINST THE WILL OF MANY OF THE LOCAL PEOPLE. THE QUARTERING OF SOLDIERS IN PRIVATE HOMES WAS BANNED BY THE THIRD AMENDMENT TO THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION LARGELY BECAUSE OF THIS. NATHAN HALE WAS CAPTURED BY THE BRITISH ON THE SHORE OF FLUSHING BAY IN QUEENS BEFORE BEING EXECUTED IN MANHATTAN.
AS OF THE 2005 AMERICAN COMMUNITY SURVEY, IMMIGRANTS COMPRISE 47.6% OF QUEENS RESIDENTS.[1] WITH A POPULATION OF 2.2 MILLION IT IS THE SECOND MOST POPULOUS BOROUGH IN NEW YORK CITY (BEHIND BROOKLYN) AND THE TENTH MOST POPULOUS COUNTY IN THE UNITED STATES. THE 2.2 MILLION FIGURE IS THE HIGHEST HISTORICAL POPULATION FOR THE BOROUGH. [1]
GEOGRAPHY
QUEENS COUNTY IS IN THE WESTERN PART OF LONG ISLAND AND INCLUDES A FEW SMALLER ISLANDS, MOST OF WHICH ARE IN JAMAICA BAY AND FORM PART OF GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA. THE ROCKAWAY PENINSULA SITS BETWEEN JAMAICA BAY AND THE ATLANTIC OCEAN.
AS A RESULT OF A REFERENDUM, LONG ISLAND CITY, THE TOWNS OF NEWTOWN, FLUSHING, AND JAMAICA, AND THE ROCKAWAY PENINSULA OF THE TOWN OF HEMPSTEAD BECAME THE BOROUGH OF QUEENS IN NEW YORK CITY ON JANUARY 1, 1898. THE PART OF QUEENS COUNTY THAT WAS NOT CONSOLIDATED INTO NEW YORK CITY, CONSISTING OF THE TOWNS OF NORTH HEMPSTEAD, OYSTER BAY, AND THE REMAINING PORTIONS OF TOWN OF HEMPSTEAD, WAS CONSTITUTED AS THE NEW NASSAU COUNTY IN 1899.
THE BOROUGH OF QUEENS WAS ORIGINALLY NAMED AFTER CATHERINE OF BRAGANZA, THE PORTUGUESE-BORN WIFE OF KING CHARLES II OF ENGLAND. ORIGINALLY, QUEENS COUNTY INCLUDED THE ADJACENT AREA NOW COMPRISING NASSAU COUNTY. IT WAS AN ORIGINAL COUNTY OF NEW YORK STATE, ONE OF TWELVE CREATED IN 1683.
ACCORDING TO THE UNITED STATES CENSUS BUREAU, THE COUNTY HAS A TOTAL AREA OF 178.3 SQ MI); 109.2 SQ MI OF IT IS LAND AND 38.73% OF IT IS WATER.
THE TALLEST TREE IN THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN AREA, CALLED THE QUEENS GIANT, IS ALSO THE OLDEST LIVING THING IN THE NEW YORK METRO AREA. IT IS LOCATED IN NORTHEASTERN QUEENS, AND IS 450 YEARS OLD AND 132 FEET (40 M) TALL AS OF 2PEDIA, THE FREE ENCYCLOPEDIA
QUEENS IS THE LARGEST IN AREA AND THE SECOND MOST POPULOUS OF THE FIVE BOROUGHS OF NEW YORK CITY. IT IS HOME TO NEW YORK CITY'S TWO MAJOR AIRPORTS (JOHN F. KENNEDY AND LAGUARDIA), THE NEW YORK METS BASEBALL TEAM, THE USTA BILLIE JEAN KING NATIONAL TENNIS CENTER (HOME OF THE ANNUAL U.S. OPEN), KAUFMAN ASTORIA STUDIOS, SILVERCUP STUDIOS, FLUSHING MEADOWS CORONA PARK, AND QUEENS CENTER (THE MOST PROFITABLE PER-SQUARE-FOOT MALL IN AMERICA).
HISTORY
EUROPEAN COLONIZATION BROUGHT BOTH DUTCH AND ENGLISH SETTLERS, AS A PART OF THE NEW NETHERLANDS COLONY. FIRST SETTLEMENTS OCCURRED IN 1635, WITH COLONIZATION AT MASPETH IN 1642, AND VLISSINGEN (NOW FLUSHING) IN 1643.[2] OTHER EARLY SETTLEMENTS INCLUDED NEWTOWN (NOW ELMHURST) AND JAMAICA. HOWEVER, THESE TOWNS WERE MOSTLY INHABITED BY ENGLISH SETTLERS FROM NEW ENGLAND VIA EASTERN LONG ISLAND (SUFFOLK COUNTY) SUBJECT TO DUTCH LAW. AFTER THE CAPTURE OF THE COLONY BY THE ENGLISH AND ITS RENAMING AS NEW YORK IN 1664, THE AREA (AND ALL OF LONG ISLAND) BECAME KNOWN AS YORKSHIRE.
THE BOROUGH EXPERIENCED A GREAT LEAP IN GROWTH IN THE 1920S, FROM 469,042 IN 1920 TO 1,079,129 IN 1930 ([4]), COINCIDENTAL WITH THE EXPANSION OF THE USE OF THE AUTOMOBILE AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ELEVATED IRT SUBWAY LINES TO ASTORIA AND FLUSHING.