WeLearn.四级翻译lesson2讲义
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四级翻译lesson2
三. 翻译技巧
1. 翻译的基本步骤
①通读全段,确定时态和基本句型(拆分,从句,同位语,非谓语)
②分析汉语句子主干,找出主语、谓语、宾语及其他成分
③确定单词和短语的翻译
④表达句子,字迹工整,划线涂改
⑤校对翻译内容。
总原则:尽量先翻译主谓宾,时间,地点,时间状语尽量往后放
中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的,2010 年,中国约有4.2 亿网民,而且人数还在迅速增长。互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化。中国网民往往不同于美国网民。美国网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使,用互联网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、做研究、规划旅程或付款。中国网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网,因而更广泛的使用论坛、博客、聊天室等等。
中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的。
The development of Internet Community of China is the fastest in the world.
2010 年,中国约有4.2 亿网民,而且人数还在迅速增长。
In 2010, there are 420 million netizens in China and the number is still growing rapidly.
互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化。
The increasing popularization of Internet has brought about great changes in society.
中国网民往往不同于美国网民。
Generally, Chinese netizen is different from that of American.
美国网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使,用互联网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、做研究、规划旅程或付款。
Driven by the real necessities, American netizens use internet as a tool to send emails, purchase commodities, conduct researches, plan trips and pay bills.
中国网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网,因而更广泛的使用论坛、博客、聊天室等等。While Chinese netizens use Internet out of the need for communication, therefore, they log more generally onto web forums, blogs and chatting rooms.
1. The development of Internet Community of China is the fastest in the world.
2. In 2010, there were 420 million netizens in China and the number is still growing rapidly.
3. The increasing popularization of Internet has brought about great changes in society.
4. Generally, Chinese netizens are different from that of American.
5. Driven by the real necessities, American netizens use internet as a tool to send emails, purchase commodities, conduct researches, plan trips and pay bills.
6. While Chinese netizens use Internet out of the need for communication, therefore, they log more generally onto web forums, blogs and chatting rooms.
2. 词的翻译:
1)词的选择
到2012 年10 月,审批才又谨慎地恢复。(2014 年6 月四级真题)
SVO=审批+恢复
The examination and approval procedure wasn’t prudently restored until October, 2012.
中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划,其中包括到2020 年建成一个太空站。(2015 年四级真题)
SVO=中国+启动+太空探索计划(“其中包括……”补充说明了“太空探索计划的内容)。
In addition, China has also launched an ambitious space exploration program, which includes building a space station by 2020.
a.“语境词”
汉语有些词语的含义会因语境而发生微妙的变化,称之为“语境词”,应紧密结合上下文译成相应的词,不能按照原词的字面意思来译。
原文:手机刷新了人与人的关系。
译文:Cell phone have altered the relationship among people
b.语义模糊的词
汉语有些词语的含义通常不够确切,因此在翻译的时候需选择其语境中所需的细节含义。原文:这所全国重点大学为社会输送了大批的人才。
译文:The national key university has prepared batches of qualified graduates for the society.
c.比喻
汉语有许多比喻词汇,表面意义和喻指含义完全不同,英译时应跳出机械对应的思维定式,动态地译出其潜在含义
原文:老师答应给这几个学生“吃小灶”。
译文:The teacher has promised to give these students special tuition.
2)词性的转换
中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的。(2014 年12 月四级真题)
The Internet community of China develops fastest all over the world.
大熊猫(giant panda)是一种温顺的动物,长着独特的黑白皮毛。(2014 年12 月四级真题)Giant panda is a kind of tame animal with unique black and white fur.
3)适当增词
中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。(2015 年6 月四级真题)China provides millions of online retailers with an opportunity to sell their goods at a very competitive price.
随着旅行多了,年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了,他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引,有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行。(2014 年12 月四级真题)
With more travel experience, youngsters tend to spend more time in remote areas,rather