跨文化交际

addressee
Linguistic competence Communicative skills
speaking
message
interpreting
Mr. Gordon talks with his neighbor Mrs. Lewis about his latest trip to Spain. Mr. Gordon says: "The sea beaches are absolutely gorgeous!"
3.Communication
交流 交际
Communication
沟通
传理
传播
交通
通信
Communication means life and development.
3.1. The Basics of ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baiduommunication
Communication occurs if: 1. two or more people; 2. contact; 3. a shared language; 4. an exchange of information.
Activity 5 Effective Cross-cultural Communication
How to be a cross-cultural speaker? 1.Calm down and relax. 2.Watch out for bilingual differences in using polite expressions. 3.Use meaningless but useful syllables to gain . time. How to be a cross-cultural hearer? A good listener is a careful but not intense listener , who gets the message, not every single word.
Model One: mono-cultural model
(same language and cultural environment)
shared knowledge: language &culture
speaker
Linguistic competence Communicative skills
4. Activities
Activity 1: Instances of Communication
Best example
2.You complain to your instructor about your course credits through telephone. 5. Two blind people exchange ideas in Braille. 6. A German businessman negotiates, through an interpreter, with his Chinese counterpart.
Activity 4: Communication in Social Situations
A social situation is created when two or more people gather to do an activity or fulfill a purpose. Its essential components: two or more participants definition of the situation and goals setting schema verbal communication non-verbal communication time and space
3.3. Ways of Communication
Two-way contact: Communicators can see each other and monitor each other's behaviour– direct communication One-way contact: communicators cannot see each other, and hence cannot monitor each other's behaviour– indirect communication
CrossCross-cultural Communication
《跨文化交际》 跨文化交际》
适用专业:商务英语,国际贸易, 适用专业:商务英语,国际贸易, 涉外事务管理等专业
http://www.sxtopxy.com.cn/kwhjj/index.html
Unit One: Language and Culture in Communication
Activity 2: Models of Communication
Information Model
Source of information encoder coder electric signals *channel *medium *noise telephone line decoder retrieval of information
Yes, but not good
1.An orator delivers a speech to a large gathering. 3. You send an e-mail message to an American friend. 4.Jane lies in bed reading a novel. 7. A mother talks to her 3-month-old baby.
8. A farmer gives instructions to his ploughing cow. 9. A programmer issues commands to a computer. None communication 10. Tom talks to himself while flourishing his toy gun. …
3.1.3 Analysis of language
Human language verbal Artificial language
nonverbal
Special purpose
symbolic
machine
Chinese
non-word sounds body language e.g.: Braille e.g.: sounds uttered gestures, head e.g.: to control animals movements e.g.: logic e.g.: computer
3.2.Types of Communication
human communication (人类交际) animal communication (动物交际) human-animal communication (人类与动物的交际) human-machine communication(人机交际) machine-to-machine communication(机器交际)
2. Cross-cultural Communication
Different countries have different cultures. Communicating with people from different culture is called cross-cultural / intercultural communication.
Model Three: bilateral-cultural model
(people from different cultural background but know each other's language and cultural environment)
Prof. Xia: Would you like to have a cup of coffee? Prof.Graham: Should I reply in English way or Chinese way? Prof. Xia: In English way. Prof.Graham: Then,yes. Prof. Xia: Tea in English way as well? Prof.Graham: No,in Chinese way this time. Prof. Xia: Jolly good.You've saved me. Just out of milk. Prof.Graham: (starts laughing)
2.To an anthropologist the word culture means all the ways in which a group of people act, dress, think, and feel.
3.People have to learn the cultural ways of their community: they are not something that the people in the group are born with.
Activity 3: Meanings in communication
Utterance meaning: what it normally means. Speaker's meaning: the meaning the speaker wants to convey. Hearer's meaning: the meaning the hearer has understood.
Model Two: unilateral-cultural model
(one knows another's language and cultural environment but the other one doesn't)
Lu Bing ,a Chinese tour guide is talking in English with George Luke, a British tourist who does not know Chinese at all. 1.Lu Bing has learned George Luke's _____________ and _____________. 2. This shared _________ makes their communication _____________. 3.Lu Bing activates his English _____________ and exercises his English ________ to generate a message: "This is sweet and sour pork. Try try." 4. George Luke _________his English competence and __________his English communicative skills to interpret Lu Bing's speech.
1 Culture 2
Cross-cultural Communication
Contents
3 Communication 4 Activities 5 Case studies 6 Homework
1. What is culture?
1.People who know about art, music and literature are cultured….
5.Case studies
Mutual Monitoring Process
Xiu went to a BC buffet reception in the BC headquarters in Beijing. It just so happened that Xiu arrived a little too early. The waiting lounge was almost empty except a charming lady sitting at a corner seat. After a long interval of unbearable silence Xiu decided to break the silence by approaching the lady. Xiu: I'm Xiu from BFSU. Are you a guest too? Lady: (stands up) Yes. I'm Lin. Answer the following Questions: 1. Why did the silence become unbearable to Xiu? Do you think the charming lady felt the same way? 2. What functions does the verbal communication fulfil under such circumstances? 3. Do Xiu and Lin behave in the Chinese way or in the Western Way?