英语必修五：Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Grammar— 倒装
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直到跟两个学生谈了话以后我才发现，有强烈的动机是达到 目标的最重要的因素之一。
Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。
4．表示地点的介词短语位于句首或强调地点概念或为 保 持 句 子平 衡 ，且 句 子的 谓 语是 表 示存 在 意义的 动 词 (lie, stand, exist, live, sit 等)时，要用完全倒装。
In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.
2．将 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, not, nowhere, by no means, in no way, at no time, in no case 等表示否 定或半否定意义的词或词组置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
—It's nice. Never before have I had such a special drink! —I'm glad you like it. ——太好了。我以前从没喝过如此特别的饮料！ ——我很高兴你喜欢它。
8．虚拟条件句中，把 if 引导的条件从句中的 were, had, should 提前，并省略 if，也可构成部分倒装结构。
Were it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty. (2017·江苏高考)
要不是老师的支持，这个学生不可能克服困难。 9．在 so ... that ...和 such ... that ...句型中，把“so＋形容 词或副词”或把“such＋名词短语”放于句首时，主句使用部 分倒装句式。
So suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family was at a great loss.
Seldom has there been such a happy meeting. 过去很少有过这样愉快的会议。
Not once did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
迈克尔从来没有想到过有一天自己会成为他班上的尖子生。
我建议他不但要参加这次会议，而且还要在那做报告。
4．含有 no sooner ... than, hardly ... when, scarcely ... when 的主从复合句中，no sooner, hardly, scarcely 位于句首 时，所在的主句倒装，than, when 所在的从句不倒装。
四、部分倒装 1．“so/nor/neither＋助动词/be 动词/情态动词＋主语”结构 为部分倒装。 He can swim and so can I. 他会游泳，我也会。 The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor/neither will he even give it a thought. 校长既不会允许课程上的变革，也不会对其予以考虑。
Section Ⅲ
Grammar—倒装
语法图解
探究发现 ①Here comes my list of dos and don'ts ... ②Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. ③They have a good knowledge of English but little do they know about German.
在英格兰的一所大学的报告厅里坐着一位教授。
5．作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语位于句首时，要用 “表语＋连系动词(be)＋主语”结构。
Present at the meeting were some scientists from China. 许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。 [名师点津] (1)在完全倒装句式中，谓语动词的数要与后 面主语的数一致。(2)完全倒装的主语必须是名词，如果主语是 人称代词则不用倒装。
谓语的一部分(通
常是助动词、连系 Under no circumstances will
部分倒装
books desert you.
动词 be 或情态动 书籍决不会背弃你。
词)位于主语前
三、完全倒装 1．将 here, there, now, then 等地点或时间副词置于句 首，谓语动词是 be, come, go, remain, lie, run 等，且主语为 名词时，用完全倒装。 —Is everyone here? —Not yet ... Look, there come the rest of our guests! ——每个人都在这儿吗？ ——还没有。看，其余的客人来了。
3．such 作表语且置于句首，意为“……就是如此”时， 要用完全倒装。
Such is our lively city, which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.
这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎 来参观。
[助记] 巧记完全倒装 副介开头全倒装，遇到代词则照常。 方位方式别遗忘，上下进出往前放。 there, here 用得上，时间顺序句首放。 表语句首主语长，句子平衡需倒装。
[即时演练 1] 用倒装结构补全句子 ① Sitting in front of the house was a little girl. 一个小女孩坐在房子的前面。 ② Out rushed the boys when the bell rang. 铃一响，男孩子们就冲出去了。 ③ Such is Helen , an easy-going girl. 这就是海伦，一个很随和的女孩。 ④To my great surprise, there at the door stood a girl trembling in wet clothes. 让我很吃惊的是，门口站着一个正在颤抖的女孩，衣服湿透了。
他突然患病，全家人全然不知所措。
[助记] 巧记部分倒装 only 修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装； 否定意义副连词，位于句首须倒装； so 和 such 放句首，引起主谓要倒装； not only 开头句，前一分句须倒装； had, were, should 虚拟句，省略 if 半倒装。
[即时演练 2] 把下面句子改为倒装句
[我的发现] (1)倒装句有两种情况：一种为完全倒装；一种为部分倒装。例 句 ① 为完全倒装；其余为 部分 倒装。 (2) 否定 副词(如 never, neither, nor, little, hardly 等)位于句首 时，句子常用部分倒装。例句②③就属于这类情况。 (3)only 后接状语(可为单个 副词 、介词短语 ，也可以为 从句 ) 位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。如例句④⑤⑥⑦。 (4)例句⑧为 so ...that ...结构。若“so＋形容词/副词”位于句首 时，主句要用部分倒装。
①She has never seen anybody play tennis so well before. → Never before has she seen anybody play tennis so well. ②He realized it was the same place he'd been in last year only when he arrived. → Only when he arrived did he realize it was the same place he'd been in last year.
一、倒装的定义 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。 但有时为了强调句子的某一部分或其他原因，谓语需要全部或部 分移到主语的前面，这种语序叫倒装。而倒装语序又分为完全倒 装和部分倒装。
二、倒装的种类
整个谓语都在主语 Here comes the bus.
完全倒装
之前
公共汽车来了。
Hardly had Mike picked up the ball when another player took it from him.
麦克刚接过球，另一名球员就从他那儿把它抢走了。
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家天就开始下雨了。
④Only then did I realize I was wrong. ⑤Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard. ⑥Only when you have seen what he or she does can you cover a story by yourself. ⑦Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. ⑧So fast did he run that I couldn't follow him.
5．“only＋副词/介词短语/状语”位于句首时，句子用部分 倒装。“only＋状语从句”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
Only then did I realize that I had failed. 只是到了那时，我才意识到我失败了。
Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
尽管定期锻炼是很重要的，但是快要睡觉的时候锻炼不是 一个好主意。
7．not until 放于句首时，主句使用部分倒装句式。 Not until he retired from teaching three years ago did he consider having a holiday abroad. 直到他三年前从教师岗位上退休他才考虑出国度假。
2．表示运动方向的副词 out, in, up, down, away 等置 于句首，谓语是表示运动的动词，且主语为名词时，句子 要用完全倒装。
In the dark corner of the room, up jumped the cat and caught the mouse.
在房间黑暗的角落里，那只猫跳了上去并抓住了那只 老鼠。
பைடு நூலகம்
3．not only ... but (also) ...引导两个并列分句，not only 置于句首时，not only 所在的分句需用倒装，but (also)所在的 分句不用倒装；而 neither ... nor ...引导两个并列分句时，两 个分句都需要倒装。
I suggested not only should he go to the meeting but also give a speech there.
6．当 as/though 表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句时，要把 强调的表语、谓语动词、状语放在主语之前。
Important as/though regular exercise is, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。
4．表示地点的介词短语位于句首或强调地点概念或为 保 持 句 子平 衡 ，且 句 子的 谓 语是 表 示存 在 意义的 动 词 (lie, stand, exist, live, sit 等)时，要用完全倒装。
In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.
2．将 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, not, nowhere, by no means, in no way, at no time, in no case 等表示否 定或半否定意义的词或词组置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
—It's nice. Never before have I had such a special drink! —I'm glad you like it. ——太好了。我以前从没喝过如此特别的饮料！ ——我很高兴你喜欢它。
8．虚拟条件句中，把 if 引导的条件从句中的 were, had, should 提前，并省略 if，也可构成部分倒装结构。
Were it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty. (2017·江苏高考)
要不是老师的支持，这个学生不可能克服困难。 9．在 so ... that ...和 such ... that ...句型中，把“so＋形容 词或副词”或把“such＋名词短语”放于句首时，主句使用部 分倒装句式。
So suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family was at a great loss.
Seldom has there been such a happy meeting. 过去很少有过这样愉快的会议。
Not once did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
迈克尔从来没有想到过有一天自己会成为他班上的尖子生。
我建议他不但要参加这次会议，而且还要在那做报告。
4．含有 no sooner ... than, hardly ... when, scarcely ... when 的主从复合句中，no sooner, hardly, scarcely 位于句首 时，所在的主句倒装，than, when 所在的从句不倒装。
四、部分倒装 1．“so/nor/neither＋助动词/be 动词/情态动词＋主语”结构 为部分倒装。 He can swim and so can I. 他会游泳，我也会。 The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor/neither will he even give it a thought. 校长既不会允许课程上的变革，也不会对其予以考虑。
Section Ⅲ
Grammar—倒装
语法图解
探究发现 ①Here comes my list of dos and don'ts ... ②Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. ③They have a good knowledge of English but little do they know about German.
在英格兰的一所大学的报告厅里坐着一位教授。
5．作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语位于句首时，要用 “表语＋连系动词(be)＋主语”结构。
Present at the meeting were some scientists from China. 许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。 [名师点津] (1)在完全倒装句式中，谓语动词的数要与后 面主语的数一致。(2)完全倒装的主语必须是名词，如果主语是 人称代词则不用倒装。
谓语的一部分(通
常是助动词、连系 Under no circumstances will
部分倒装
books desert you.
动词 be 或情态动 书籍决不会背弃你。
词)位于主语前
三、完全倒装 1．将 here, there, now, then 等地点或时间副词置于句 首，谓语动词是 be, come, go, remain, lie, run 等，且主语为 名词时，用完全倒装。 —Is everyone here? —Not yet ... Look, there come the rest of our guests! ——每个人都在这儿吗？ ——还没有。看，其余的客人来了。
3．such 作表语且置于句首，意为“……就是如此”时， 要用完全倒装。
Such is our lively city, which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.
这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎 来参观。
[助记] 巧记完全倒装 副介开头全倒装，遇到代词则照常。 方位方式别遗忘，上下进出往前放。 there, here 用得上，时间顺序句首放。 表语句首主语长，句子平衡需倒装。
[即时演练 1] 用倒装结构补全句子 ① Sitting in front of the house was a little girl. 一个小女孩坐在房子的前面。 ② Out rushed the boys when the bell rang. 铃一响，男孩子们就冲出去了。 ③ Such is Helen , an easy-going girl. 这就是海伦，一个很随和的女孩。 ④To my great surprise, there at the door stood a girl trembling in wet clothes. 让我很吃惊的是，门口站着一个正在颤抖的女孩，衣服湿透了。
他突然患病，全家人全然不知所措。
[助记] 巧记部分倒装 only 修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装； 否定意义副连词，位于句首须倒装； so 和 such 放句首，引起主谓要倒装； not only 开头句，前一分句须倒装； had, were, should 虚拟句，省略 if 半倒装。
[即时演练 2] 把下面句子改为倒装句
[我的发现] (1)倒装句有两种情况：一种为完全倒装；一种为部分倒装。例 句 ① 为完全倒装；其余为 部分 倒装。 (2) 否定 副词(如 never, neither, nor, little, hardly 等)位于句首 时，句子常用部分倒装。例句②③就属于这类情况。 (3)only 后接状语(可为单个 副词 、介词短语 ，也可以为 从句 ) 位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。如例句④⑤⑥⑦。 (4)例句⑧为 so ...that ...结构。若“so＋形容词/副词”位于句首 时，主句要用部分倒装。
①She has never seen anybody play tennis so well before. → Never before has she seen anybody play tennis so well. ②He realized it was the same place he'd been in last year only when he arrived. → Only when he arrived did he realize it was the same place he'd been in last year.
一、倒装的定义 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。 但有时为了强调句子的某一部分或其他原因，谓语需要全部或部 分移到主语的前面，这种语序叫倒装。而倒装语序又分为完全倒 装和部分倒装。
二、倒装的种类
整个谓语都在主语 Here comes the bus.
完全倒装
之前
公共汽车来了。
Hardly had Mike picked up the ball when another player took it from him.
麦克刚接过球，另一名球员就从他那儿把它抢走了。
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家天就开始下雨了。
④Only then did I realize I was wrong. ⑤Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard. ⑥Only when you have seen what he or she does can you cover a story by yourself. ⑦Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. ⑧So fast did he run that I couldn't follow him.
5．“only＋副词/介词短语/状语”位于句首时，句子用部分 倒装。“only＋状语从句”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
Only then did I realize that I had failed. 只是到了那时，我才意识到我失败了。
Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
尽管定期锻炼是很重要的，但是快要睡觉的时候锻炼不是 一个好主意。
7．not until 放于句首时，主句使用部分倒装句式。 Not until he retired from teaching three years ago did he consider having a holiday abroad. 直到他三年前从教师岗位上退休他才考虑出国度假。
2．表示运动方向的副词 out, in, up, down, away 等置 于句首，谓语是表示运动的动词，且主语为名词时，句子 要用完全倒装。
In the dark corner of the room, up jumped the cat and caught the mouse.
在房间黑暗的角落里，那只猫跳了上去并抓住了那只 老鼠。
பைடு நூலகம்
3．not only ... but (also) ...引导两个并列分句，not only 置于句首时，not only 所在的分句需用倒装，but (also)所在的 分句不用倒装；而 neither ... nor ...引导两个并列分句时，两 个分句都需要倒装。
I suggested not only should he go to the meeting but also give a speech there.
6．当 as/though 表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句时，要把 强调的表语、谓语动词、状语放在主语之前。
Important as/though regular exercise is, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.