(完整版)英语句子成分及练习课件

（与非谓语比较）
语态
Is/am/are+ Is /am/are+being+ Has/have+been+ ----------------------
Was/were+
过去进行时: Was/were+doing 过去完成时： Had+done
Was/were+being+ Had+been+
done
（五）宾语
❖ 宾语（Object）表示动作的对象或承受者，一 般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：
1.They went to see an exhibition yesterday.
（名词）
2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. （代词、动名词）
谓语 体现时态和语态。
I. 时态 现在时： 一般现在时: Is /am/are+---或does/do 现在进行时: Is/am/are+doing 现在完成时: Has/have +done 现在完成进行时: Has/have+been+doing
过去时: 一般过去时: Was/were+---或did
decided. （主语从句）
（三）谓语Baidu Nhomakorabea
❖ 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特
征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下： ❖ 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：
He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. ❖ 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如： You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如： We are students.
非谓语动词
to do to have done to be doing to be done to have been done \
主宾 宾 语语 补
doing having done done being done having been done
表定状 语语语
不定式 动名词
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语法复习----
句子成分
一、句子成分
❖ （一）句子成分的定义： ❖ 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 ❖ 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； ❖ 主要成分有主语和谓语； ❖ 次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补
足语和同位语。
二）主语：
❖ 主语 (Subject) ❖ 是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
❖ 表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副 词、不定式、动词ing、介词短语及表语从句 表示。例如：
1.The weather has turned cold. 2. The speech is exciting.
3. His job is to teach English. 4. The meeting is of great importance. 5. Time is up. The class is over. 6. The truth is that he has never been abroad.
He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. We are students.
former teacher. 5. The meeting being held is very important. 6. A big fire broke out in a shop, causing 100
deaths.
（四）表语
❖ 表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特 征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等） 之后。
分词
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1.She found the door closed. 2. Having been told many times, he made the
same mistake. 3. Given more time, we could do it much better. 4. Walking on the street ,he came across his
过去将来时： Would/should+do
Would/should+be+
将来时: 一般将来时: Shall/will+do
Shall/will+be+
将来进行时: Shall/will+be+doing -----------------------
将来完成时: Shall/will+have+done Shall/will+have+been+
3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. （名词、数词）
5.He pretended not to see me.
（但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑 问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动 词或情态动词后面。） ❖ 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名 词、和主语从句等表示。例如：
1. Three plus two is five. （数词） （不定式） 2. It is a great pleasure to swim in the river 3. Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） 4. There are many students in my class. 5. Are you a student? 6. Here comes the bus. 7. He can do it and so can I . 8. Who will attend the meeting has not been