虚拟语气15种句型

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(the future)
1 If someone gave you a valuable painting as a present, what would you do with it? 2 If you were to become the head of the United Nations, what would you do first? 3 If you should travel anywhere in the world,where would you go and what would you do?
含蓄条件句的虚拟语气
• If it had not been for your help, I would not have the chance to go to school. • But for your help, I would not have the chance to go to school. • If it were not for his presence now, I would punish you. • But for his presence, I would punish you. • If it had not been for his presence yesterday, I would have punished you. • But for his presence yesterday, I would have punished you.
7. 其他句型
• Had thought / hoped / expected that + 过去时间 • I had hoped that you could win the match yesterday but you didn’t.
• • • •
对过去的猜测 肯定 must have done 否定 can / could not have done 可能 may / might have done
含蓄条件句的虚拟语气
• 要不是有。。。(but for, without, if it were not for, if it had not been for) • If you had not helped me, I would not have the chance to go to school. • Without / but for your help, I would not have the chance to go to school.
1. 表示命令/建议/要求的词所带的从句 记住以下动词以及他们的名词。 建议：suggest / recommand / advise / propose 要求：require / request / demand / ask / desire 命令：order / command/ 坚持：insist 不过是动词还是名词，不过是主动还是被动 ，后面带的不管是主语从句， 宾语从句， 表语从句还是同位语从句， 都要用should do
6. 虚拟语气表示祝愿
1. Long live Chairman Mao! 2. God bless you! 3. May you have a long and happy life! 4. Wish you a happy birthday!
注意:动词用原形,后边用!
may+人+do!
wish + 人+名词!
• • • •
本应该做（实际没有做，有责备意思） Should have done Shouldn’t have done 本来有必要作（实际没有做，不含责 备意思） • Need have done • Needn't have done
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百度文库略if的倒装句
如果从句中有were，should，had等词， 可省 略if，并把were，should，had放句首进行倒装。 e.g. 1.If they were here, they would help us.
Were they here, they would help us. 2. If you had come earlier, nothing would have happened. Had you come earlier, nothing would have happened. 3. If they should be here tomorrow, they would help us. Should they be here tomorrow, they would help us.
5 4
(the past)
1 If someone had given you a valuable painting as a present, what would you have done with it? 2 If you had become the head of the United Nations, what would you have done first? 3 If you had travelled anywhere in the world,where would you have gone and what would you have done?
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2.wish 后的宾语从句 = if only
含义 对现状 表达愿望 动词形式 Did / were 例句
I wish I had a little lab of my own.
I wish you had told me earlier.
对过去表示 Had done 遗憾/后悔
对将来 表达愿望
3. It’s (high / about ) time+that 从句 + sb should do / sb did (该是做……时候) 注意:should 不能省略; 动词也可用过去式
eg. It is time that we should stop work and go home. It is time that we stopped work and went home.
省略if的倒装句
• 注意： • 1 条件句中必须有should, were或者 had才能省略。 • 2 倒装之后用一般疑问句来检验。 • 假如他那是时不是个党员，他就不会就 那个男孩了。（用省略if的倒装句） • Had he not been a Party member, he wouldn’t have saved the boy. • 3 否定词not只能留在助于后面，不能 移到主语前面。
含蓄条件句的虚拟语气
• 假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是 通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表 现出来。如without, but for, but, otherwise, because, or等。
含蓄条件句的虚拟语气
• If I had not lost her phone number, I would have rung her up. (用otherwise, but和or分别造句) • I lost her phone number. Otherwise, I would have rung her up. • I would have rung her up but I lost her phone number. • I lost her phone number or I would have rung her up.
5.动词形式为(should)+do 的虚拟
• My suggestion is that we should listen to his opinion first. • It is suggested that we should listen to his opinion first • My suggestion that we should listen to his opinion first is being discussed. • 注意当insist—硬说，suggest—表明， 不能有虚拟语气。
3 4
(the present)
1 If someone gave you a valuable painting as a present, what would you do with it? 2 If you became the head of the United Nations, what would you do first? 3 If you travelled anywhere in the world,where would you go and what would you do?
5.动词形式为(should)+do 的虚拟 2. It’s + adj.+that 的主语从句 (adj: necessary / essential/ important / natural / strange / possible / impossible
eg. It is important that we should attend the meeting. It’s a pity that 可以用虚拟，也可以不用。
错综时间条件句
错综条件句是指条件从句中的动作和主句
的动作发生的时间不一致。动词的虚拟形 式要根据时间做出相应的调整.
e.g. If she hadn’t studied hard, she
wouldn’t speak English so well. If he __ his legs yesterday, he __ with us now. A.hadn’t hurt ; would go √ B.hadn’t hurt; would have gone C.didn’t hurt; would go D.didn’t hurt; would have gone 21
3.as if / as though后的表语或状语从句 (与wish相同)
含义 动 词 形 式
现在 Did / were
例句
He looks as if he knew the little girl.
It appeared as if 过去 Have done nothing had happened. The man looked 将来 would/ worried, as if could/might something bad +do would happen .
4.would rather后的宾语从句 (宁愿……)
含义 动 词 形 式
现在 did 将来
例句
I would rather he took me over the crossing. I would rather you hadn’t told me the truth.
过去 Had done
5.动词形式为(should)+do 的虚拟
would/ I wish he could could/might come tomorrow. +do
注意：
• 1 wish 后面跟的宾语从句一定要用虚拟 语气。 • 2 hope 没有虚拟语气 可以说hope that… / hope to do…, 但是 不能说hope sb to do • 3 以下情况是可以实现的：wish sb to do, wish sb sth I wish you to be a scientist. We wish you a merry Christmas.
Subjunctive Mood
1.虚拟条件句
含义 动词形式 If 从 句 现在 did/were
主句
would/should/ did/were could/might+ 将来 were to+do do 与事实 should+do 相反 would/should/ 过去 had+done could/might+ have done