非谓语动词专题复习(附答案)

非谓语动词专题复习答案(沈雪芬整理)

一、几个基本概念

1.下列各句子中哪个是谓语动词？（用来说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态，一般出现在主语之后）1）．简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成

He practices running every morning. She takes good care of her sick mother.

2). 复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词加动词原形构成．

You may keep the book for two weeks. You’d better not take the book out of the reading-room.

We are going to call on him tonight. She doesn’t seem to like dancing.

2.为什么需要使用非谓语动词？

英语语法中一个基本规则：句子由主语和谓语动词构成．一个句子只能有一个谓语动词。在已有谓语却无连词的情况下，其它动词都必须以非谓语的形式出现。观察下列句子，该句表达错误在何处？

Mary found her car stolen，she hurried to a policeman for help. （错误句子）

按照英语语法规则，正确的句子形式为：

1）Mary found her car stolen. She hurried to a policeman for help. （用两个独立的句子）

2）Mary found her car stolen, so she hurried to a policeman for help.（使用连词并表达出句子间的关系）

3）Mary, who found her car stolen, hurried to a policeman for help. （使用具有连词性质的关系词，定语从句）4）Finding her car stolen, Mary hurried to a policeman for help. （使用非谓语）

例句：Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.

Seeing from the mountain, I find the city much more beautiful.

To see the city from the mountain, I climbed to the top of it.

3.非谓语动词的基本形式和含义to do 目的、将来

doing 主动、进行

done 被动、完成

分析句子正误并改正。

A. 1) The bridge fell down suddenly. （正）

2) The bridge built last year. （误）3）The bridge was built last year. （正）

4) The bridge was built last year fell down suddenly. （误）

正确句子：The bridge built last year fell down suddenly.

B. 1) There were many students. （正）

2) There were many students join in the party. （误）

3) There were many students joined in the party. （误）

正确句子：There were many students joining in the party.

例：Finding her car stolen, D .

A. a policeman was asked to help

B. the area was searched thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere

D. she hurried to a policeman for help

★★★特别提示：使用非谓语动词首先要注意哪三点？

1. 句子有谓语、无连词

2. 找主语

3.根据主语判断主被动关系

4.非谓语动词各种时态语态的含义、充当的成份及使用限制（请务必在括号中简要注明用法提示）

A. 1) Li Ming is said to study abroad, but I don’t know which country he will study in.

（不定式的一般式，将要做。主补)

2) Li Ming is said to be studying abroad, but I don’t know which country he studies in.

(不定式的进行式，正在做。主补)

3) Li Ming is said to have studied abroad, but I don’t know which country he studied in.

(不定式的完成式，已经做, 先于谓语动词发生。主补)

B. 1) The problem discussed just now is of great importance. （被动兼完成，做定语。不做主语和宾语）

2) The problem being discussed now is of great importance. （正在被…，通常不做状语，做状语时用done）

3) The problem to be discussed next is of great importance. （将要被…）

C. 1) The doctor was in the emergency room all night, giving an operation on a patient.

(现在分词主动形式的一般式，做伴随状语，与谓语动词同时或者几乎同时进行)

2) Having given a satisfactory operation on the patient, the doctor believed he would recover soon.

(先于谓语动词发生，主动，相当于after…，意为“在……后”，做时间或原因状语等，不做主语和定语) 3) Having been given a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly.

(先于谓语动词发生，被动兼完成，常用done代替，意为“在……后”，同上，不做主语和定语)

二、填空练习（试分析以下所有非谓语动词形式在句子中充当的成份）

1.选择填空

1) So far nobody has claimed the money (discovered; to be discovered) in the library. （定语）

2) The building (being built; built) now is our future classroom. （定语）

3) His first book (to be published; being published) next month is based on a true story. （定语）

4) (Writing; Having written) the composition, John handed it to the teacher and went out. （时间状语）

5) (Having been told; Having told) many times, he still couldn’t understand. （让步状语）

6) It rained heavily in the south, (causing; having caused) serious flooding in several provinces. （结果状语）

7) (Laughing at; Being laughed at ) others is impolite.（动名词的主动形式做主语）

8) (Laughing at; Being laughed at ) is an unpleasant experience.（动名词的被动形式做主语）

2.非谓语动词填空

1) She caught the student cheating (cheat) in exams. (宾补)

2) When I got there, I found him repairing (repair) farm tools. (宾补)

3) When I got there, I found the farm tools repaired. (repair) (宾补)

4) Painted（油漆成）red, the building stands out among the rest and looks very attractive. (paint) （原因状语）

5) He worked so hard that he got his pay raised. (raise) (宾补)

6) The missing boys were last seen playing (play) near the river. (主补)

7) Compared (compare) with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful. （状语）

8) The workers had the machines running (run) all night long to finish the work on time. (宾补)

9) People in the south have their houses made (make) of bamboo. (宾补)

10) Lost (lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. (原因状语)

说明：动+宾+宾补结构中常只用非谓语的基本形式：(to) do和doing表主动，done表被动，不用其它形式3.根据所给动词的正确形式填空

Celebrating (celebrate主语) Thanksgiving Day in America began almost four hundred years ago. In1620, a boat filled (fill定语) with more than one hundred people from England sailed (sail谓语) across the Atlantic Ocean to settle in the New World. Their first winter in the New World was difficult. Having arrived (arrive原因状语) too late to grow many crops, and without fresh food, half of them died from disease. The following spring, being taught (teach主语) by the Indians how to grow crops in the unfamiliar soil enabled them to survive. In the autumn of 1621, plentiful crops like corn were harvested (harvest谓语). Having (have原因状语) much to be thankful for, the colonists had a feast, drinking and playing (drink, play伴随状语) wild games. They also invited the local Indians to express (express目的状语) thanks for their help.

三、单项选择

1. There are nine planets ____ around the sun, and the earth ____ one of them.

A. moving; being

B. moving; is

C. move; being

D. move; is

2. There have been several new events ________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.

A. add

B. to add

C. adding

D. added

3. I feel it is your husband who _____ for the spoiled child.