英语翻译的基本常识解析

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翻译的基本知识

一、翻译的定义

奈达:

Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source

language message, first in terms of meaning and

secondly in terms of style. —— Eugene A. Nida

二、翻译的标准

奈达:

The receptors of a translation should comprehend

the translated text to such an extent that they can

understand how the original receptor must have understood the original text.

——Eugene A. Nida

Eugene A. Nida (November 11, 1914 – August 25, 2011)

was the developer of the dynamic-equivalence Bible-translation theory.

四、翻译的方法

1 . 直译(Literal translation)

例子: C.O.D. (cash on delivery) 货到付现

blue chip 蓝筹股

一箭双雕hit two hawks with one arrow

意译(Free translation)

例子:WPA 水渍blue chip 绩优股一箭双雕kill two birds with one stone

一、广告的定义Advertising is the non-personal communication of

information usually paid for and usually persuasive in

nature about products, services or ideas by identified

sponsors through the various media.

—— American Marketing Association

二、广告的分类

1.理性广告(Rational ads)情感广告(Emotional ads)

三、广告的组成部分

1.Headline Subhead Text (body) Logo slogan

I’m lovin’ it! (麦当劳)我就喜欢!

Good to the last drop. (Maxwell coffee)

滴滴香浓,意犹未尽。

Just do it. (耐克运动鞋)只管去做。

We lead, others copy. (Ricoh 复印机)我们领先,别人模仿。Minolta, finest to put you finest. (美能达相机)

第一流的美能达,第一流的你。

I’m More satisfied. (摩尔香烟)摩尔香烟,令我更爱。Have a Break. Have a Kit-Kat. (奇巧巧克力)

轻松一刻,奇巧时刻。

It’s finger-licking good. 吮指回味,其乐无穷。(肯德基)Let us make things better. 让我们做得更好。(飞利浦)

To lighten the burden of womankind. 我们为女人减负。(水晶洗衣机)

The un-cola, 7-up. 非可乐——七喜。

You are not fully clean until you’re Zestfully clean.

干净?用激爽。(激爽,沐浴产品)

Go well, go Shell. 使用壳牌汽油,保您一路不愁。

Born to run. 天生奔驰。

The world leader in oral care. (高露洁)

口腔护理,引领世界。

Originality---Integrity---Innovation. (Levi’s)

独特——完美——创新。

Small. Smart. Smile.

Pentax: See the difference.

小巧。灵便。微笑。

宾得相机:不一样,就是不一样。

No problems too large. No business too small. (IBM)

没有解决不了的大问题,没有不做的小生意。

We take no pride and prejudice. (Time 杂志)

傲慢与偏见,均与我们无缘。

汉英句子的结构差异与翻译

一、汉英句子的结构差异

英语是形合型(hypotaxis)语言

汉语是意合型(parataxis)语言

“西洋语言是法治的,中国语言是人治的。”

英语句子结构是语法的,汉语句子结构是语义的。

英语句子的基本结构是SV(O)。

2 . 英语多采用静态,汉语多采用动态

例1:The meeting was a success. 会开得很成功。

例2:We are short of hands. 我们正缺人手。

英语被动句多于汉语

例1:A few years ago, it was thought unusual that programs could be called up by viewers to be displayed on their screens at home.几年前,人们还以为,观众打电话要求……

例2:She was asked about 10 questions during the interview. 面试时问了她十来个问题。

4 . 英语多复合长句,汉语多简单短句。

例:I took it for granted that there would be plenty of graduates in the area who would be willing to work for a joint-venture like ours. 我想当然地以为,这地区会有大量的大学毕业生,愿意为我们这样一家合资企业工作。

5.英语多头轻脚重(孔雀尾),

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