外刊经贸知识选读复习要点

Lesson One China in the Market Place

一、术语：

manufactured goods 制成品

capital equipment 资本货物

balance of payments 国际收支

current account 经常项目

visible trade account 有形贸易项目

invisible trade account 无形贸易项目

trade surplus 贸易顺差

trade deficit 贸易逆差

barter 易货贸易

compensation trade 补偿贸易

counter-trade 反向贸易

assembly manufacturing 组装生产

industrial and commercial consolidated tax 工商统一税

joint venture 合资企业

deferred payment 延期付款

buyer credit 买方信贷

supplier credit 卖方信贷

soft loan 软贷款（低息贷款）

MFN treatment: Most Favored Nation treatment 最惠国待遇

PNTR: Permanent Normal Trading Relations 永久性正常贸易关系

NI: National Income 国民收入

GNP: Gross National Product 国民生产总值

GDP: Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值

IBRD: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 国际复兴和开发银行IDA: International Development Association 国际开发协会

IFC: International Finance Corporation 国际金融公司

OECD: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作和发展组织BIS: Bank for International Settlement 国际清算银行

EEC: European Economic Community 欧洲经济共同体

EU: European Union 欧洲联盟

FDI: Foreign Direct Investment 外商直接投资

二、词语释义：

exacerbate: deteriorate 恶化

disrupt: interrupt 中断

in the wake of: following 继┉之后

breakdown: analysis by classification 分类分析

buoyant: brisk 上扬的，增产的

run-down: reduction

mount exhibitions: hold exhibitions

insofar as: to the extent 在┉范围之内

bottlenecks: obstacles; problems that retard or halt free movement or progress

三、句子翻译：

Official recognition that foreign technology could play a major role in modernizing the Chinese ec onomy has caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1978, placing undue strain on the na tional economy.

官方认为，外国技术可在中国经济现代化中起重要作用，这导致了1978年中国的进口增加了50%以上，从而给国民经济带来了重压。

The debt problems confronting a number of developing countries have reinforced China"s determi nation

许多发展中国家面临的债务问题使中国加强了这样的决心：通过外国直接投资和优惠付款方式引进国外技术，而不是利用在国际资本市场上筹集大笔资金的方式。……在经济中的许多实际障碍―如运输能力不足和能源缺乏―被

许多发展中国家面临的债务问题使中国加强了这样的决心：通过外国直接投资和优惠付款方式引进国外技术，而不是利用在国际资本市场上筹集大笔资金的方式。……在经济中的许多实际障碍―如运输能力不足和能源缺乏―被克服之前，中国政府认为招来大笔外债的做法是不妥当的。

《外刊经贸知识选读》的串讲资料（二）

Lesson two The Curtain Goes up

一、术语：

The special Economic Zone 经济特区

a well-placed source 一位高层消息灵通人士

infrastructure 基础设施

capital stock 实际资本

consumer goods 消费品

preferential tax rate 优惠税率

cooperative enterprise 合作（经营）企业

ETDZ （Economic &Technical Development Zone ）经济技术开发区entrepreneurship 企业家精神

means of production 生产资料

stock-taking 评估

二、词语释义：

in piecemeal form: piece by piece; gradually 逐渐的showpiece: a prime or outstanding example 典范

pipedream: fantasy; daydream; dream that cannot be realized

白日梦

from scratch: from the very beginning 从零开始，从最初开始grassroots: basic level 基层

the dust settles: the confusion ends 尘埃落定

in the driver’s seat: in the dominant position

三、句子翻译：

In the SEZs, which are being built almost from scratch, for