高中定语从句[优质PPT]

④whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语 序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。如：
who / that 作主语. (不能省) This is the film star.
The film star is very popular in China. This is the film star who / that is very popular in China. (作主语)
who / whom / that 作宾语：( 可省略) The boy is my friend.
.I ‘m looking for the boy The boy ( who/ whom/ that ) I ‘m looking for is my friend.
The man who I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief.
I lost the book(( that/which ) you gave me). 宾语
关系代词的实质 Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is a machine the machine can fly. that /which
如果定语是由一个单词表示时，通常要前置。而 由一个词组或一个句子表示时，通常则后置
The girl in red is his sister. The boy called Jim is my brother。
The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now?
The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday.
Who/t百度文库at
The lady
we saw her yesterday is Green
关系代词实际上代替的就是先行词
先行词和关系词的关系
1.A plane is a machine that can fly.
the machine = that
The man whom I nodded to is Mr. Li.
⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语 。 不可省略。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
We live in a house whose windows face south.
先行词
关系副词
引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,who whom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间， 起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。 eg. The man (that/who told us a funny story)
主语 is in the next room.
2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
the boy =who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose
定语
定语——修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从 句
• The black bike is mine. • • I have 5 books. A sleeping boy. • The boy in the room is Jack. • It is a swimming pool.
定语后置：
定语从句 放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副
词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 定语从句所修 饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。 引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。
eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
Hospital is a place where a doctor works.
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
4.The school where I study is far from my home.
in the school = where 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
关系词
关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词: when, where, why
关系代词： 指物：that which 指人：who (主/宾格) that whom（宾格）
关系代词that, which引导的定语从句:
如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系 代词应用that、which. (作主语或宾语)
which / that 指物，作主语， 不能省 。作宾语 可以省。
This is the book which/that I bought yesterday. This is a book I bought the book yesterday.
The dog which was lost has been found. The dog has been found. The dog was lost.
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder which he is using is made in Japan.
A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man (that) I told you about.
关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语从句:
如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关 系代词应用who, that (作主语或宾语) whom (作宾语)