过去分词作状语

非谓语动词：过去分词

过去分词（短语）作状语

过去分词表示完成或被动，作状语时，表示动作发生的背景或者情况，在意义上相当于一个状语从句，其省略的主语（逻辑主语）是主句的主语，且与主语之间存在被动关系。过去分

词作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步等。过去分词的否定式是将not放在其前

面。

、过去分词作状语时的具体用法:

1) 过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个时间状语从句。有时过去分词前可加连词When或

While来强调时间概念.

例: 1. ASked (Whe n he WaS asked) What had happe ned, his face turned red.

当他被问及发生了什么的时候，他的脸红了。

2. When heated (When it is heated), Water ChangeSinto steam.当加热时，水变成水蒸气。

3. Told that his mother WaS ill ( When he WaS told that his mother WaS illl), Li Lei

hurried home quickly.李蕾得知母亲生病了时，马上赶回了家。

4. See n from the moon(When it is See n from the moon) , the earth looks gree n. 从月亮

上看

时，地球是绿色。

2) 过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个由as, Since, because等词引导的原因状语从句。

例: 1. DeePIy (BeCaUSe they Were) moved by the movie, the ChiIdre n bega n to cry.

由于被电影深深地感动，孩子们哭了起来。

2. Frighte ned (BeCaUSe She WaS frighte ned) by the horror movie, the girl did n't dare

to sleep alone.因为被惊悚电影吓坏了，这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。

3. CaUght in a heavy rain (BeCaUSe he WaS CaUght in a...), he WaS all wet.

4. SatiSfied With What he did (BeCaUSe the teacher WaS SatiSfied with...), the teacher

PraiSed him in class.由于老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他。

3) 过去分词作条件状语时，通常放在句子的前面，相当于if, UnIeSS等引导的条件状语从句。

例：1. ComPared With you (If We are CamPared) , We still have a Iong Way to go.

和你们比起来，我们还有很长的一段路要走。

2. GraW n (If these SeedS are grow n) in rich soil, these SeedS Can grow fast.

如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。

3. GiVen more time (If We Were give n more time), We Would be able to do the Wark much

better.

4. GiVen a feW minutes (If I am given a feW minutes) , I ' Il finish it再给几分钟的时间，我就

4) 过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though / although引导的让步状语从句，这类分词或分词短语

一般放在句子前面。

例：1. Left (Although he WaS Ieft) at home, Jahn did n't feel afraid at all.

虽然Jahn被单独留在房间里，他一点都不害怕。

2. InVited by him (ThaUgh I WaS inVited by them) , I Won ' t take Part in the party.

即使被邀请，我也不会参加聚会的。

3. Explained a hundred times (Although he WaS explained...) , he still Can ' t Understa

即d it. 使给他解释一百篇，她还是不会明白。

4. Trainedten hours a day (ThaUgh he WaS trained...), he Will still be a fool. 即使每天

训练十个小时，他也还会是个傻瓜。

5) 过去分词作状语表方式或伴随状语时不用状语从句替换，但可以改写成并列句。

例: 1. She WaIked out of the house, (and She WaS) folloWed by her little daughter .

她走出房子，后面跟着她小女儿。

2. (She WaS) DreSSed i∏White, (and) She looked really pretty.

穿着白衣服，她看起来确实很美。

3. She Sat by the WindθW, (and She WaS ) lost in thought.

二、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别：

1）过去分词表完成、被动,与主句的主语之间是被动关系；现在分词表进行、主动，与

主句的主语之间是主动关系。试比较：

FolloWing the Old man, We Went upstairs. 跟着那个老人,我们上了楼。

= We followed the old man, and We Went upstairs.

Followed by the old man, We Went upstairs. 我们上了楼，后面跟着那个老人。

=We Were followed by the old man, and We Went upstairs.

Seen from the top, the StadiUm looks like a bird nest. 从上面看，体育场好像一个鸟巢。

从太空看，宇航员看不到长城。Seeing from space, the astr On aut Can not discover the

Great Wall.

2）若分词主语与句中主语不一致，则可以用其他方法来修正。

①用With的复合结构等.

②改为相应的状语从句来表达。

③给分词添加自己的主语，构成独立主格结构

④改变语态。

例如：完成作业后，孩子们出去踢足球了。

FiniShed their homework, the ChiIdren Went out to play football. （× ）

Their homework finished, the ChiIdren Went out to play football. （独立主格）

HaVingfini Shed their homework, the ChiIdre n Went out to play football.

（现在分词完成形式）

With their homework finished（表时间）,the ChiIdren Went out to play football. （With 的复合结构）

After finishing their homework, the ChiIdren Went out to play football. （介词+ 动名词）

例如：当他过马路时，一辆车撞到了他。

误：Crossing the road, a Car knoCked him down.

误：CrOSSed the road, he WaS knoCked down by a car.

正: Crossing the road, he WaS knoCked down by a car. 过马路时他被车撞倒了。