英汉翻译(8)正反译法

• Affirmative-negative transformation of connectives • 1) It is before ten yet. • 还不到十点钟。 • 2) Don't come in unless I call you. • 要是我不来叫你，你别来。 • 3) He took two steps and heard, rather than saw, a strange whirring sound coming toward him. • 他走了两步就听见，而不是看见，一个奇怪的呼 啸声冲他而来。 • 4) You cannot succeed unless you work hard. • 你不努力是不会成功的。
• 按照专家们的说法，不用说打仗，就连出海也是 不容许的。
• 4) He tried to catch one of the rafts with a boat hook but missed. • 他努力想用船钩钩住一只竹筏，可是没钩着。 • 5) Your legs are young enough to hold you. • 你的腿还没老得走不动呢。 • 6) These are days when nerves are worn thin. • 这些日子教人吃不消。 • 7) "You'll go in and say good-bye to Miss Pinkerton, Becky!" • "I suppose I must," said Miss Sharp calmly, and much to the wonder of Miss Jemima;... • “贝吉，你要进去跟娉克敦小姐道声别。” • “我想这是免不了的。”夏普小姐不动声色地说，而吉米 小姐直觉诧异。
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Affirmative-negative transformation of adjectives 1) Pure metals have few useful properties. 纯金属几乎没什么可取的特性。 2) Hence her flight from her own family would be laid more to the door of a lovely temperamental peevishness than anything else. 因此，她从自己的家里出走，与其推委于别的原因，倒不 如归咎于那种无伤大雅的暴躁脾气。 3) With regard to the appearance of the Sixth Fleet off the Syrian coast it seems that this was simply an innocent preparation for maneuvers planned long ago. 至于叙利亚沿海出现第六舰队一事，似乎也只是很早就计 划好了的军事演习的准备工作而已，毫无恶意可言。 4) A desert is a barren tract of land. 沙漠为不毛之地。
Lecture Nine
•Negation Negation • (正说反译和反说正译) 正说反译和反说正译)
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1) I fail to understand your meaning. 我没有理解你的意思。 2) We tried vainly to measure the voltage. 我们设法想测出电压，但没测成。 3) Free from anxiety, the old are living a happy life in the home-for-the-aged. 老人们无忧无虑，在敬老院里过着幸福的生活。 4) But that's very extraordinary. It seems against nature. 可是，这极不平常，似乎与自然规律不符。 5) Any use of the atomic bomb on Manchurian targets would be more for purpose of panic than of destruction. 任何使用原子弹对准满洲里的这些目标，其目的与其说是 摧毁，倒不如说是恐吓。
• Affirmative-negative transformation of nouns • 1) They look after the interests of their own to the exclusion of those of all others. • 他们只是照顾到自己的利益，却不照顾所有其他 人的利益。 • 2) Silence reigned all over for a while. • 一会儿，全场鸦雀无声。 • 3) Her abstraction was not because of tea party. • 她心不在焉并非是因为茶会。
• Affirmative-negative transformation of adverbs • 1) He needed Jack too much to risk making him angry. • 他太需要杰克的帮助，不好冒犯他 。 • 2) They resumed their seats moodily. • 他们不愉快地又坐了下来。 • 3) Slowly he pulled the letter out of the envelope, and unfolded it. • 他不慌不忙地将信从信封中抽出来打开。 • 4) He can read fairly easily. • 他阅读没什么困难。源自• • • • • • •
Classroom Practice (1) Affirmative-negative transformation of verbs 1) He denied his crime. 他不承认自己有罪。 2) He kept his eyes off Gesse's feet. 他故意不看杰西的脚。 3) According to "experts", you are not allowed to be out at sea at such circumstances, let alone fight.
• Affirmative-negative transformation of phrases and sentences • 1) Make yourself at home. • 别客气。 • 2) The news of the assasination of President Lincoln spread like wildfire. • 林肯总统被暗杀的消息不径而走。 • 3) The pioneers made light of difficulties and dangers. • 开拓者们轻视困难和种种危险。 • 4) Miss Fairlie kept to her room all day. • 法拉力整天足不出户。 • 5) Haste makes waste. • 欲速则不达。 • 6) Hawkins smiles like a man able to take care of himself. • 霍金斯笑起来的样子倒不象是个不会照顾自己的人。 • 7) I want everybody to have a fair deal. • 我要人人都不要欺诈。
2. A negative statement in English is put into an affirmative one in Chinese
• 1) He was not sorry to get rid of his cold. • 他伤风好了感到很高兴。 • 2) "I don't know if I ought to have come, " she said breathlessly, grasping Phyl's arm. • “我不知到该不该来，”她气喘吁吁地说，一把抓住非尔 的胳膊。 • 3) These words are undeserved. • 这些话过奖了。 • 4) Misunderstanding leads to mistranslation. • 误解导致误译。 • 5) His spies were not going to lose sight of me. • 他的密探一直在监视我的行踪。
• Classroom Practice (2) • Negative-affirmative translation of verbs • 1) "I don't know. I didn't notice it until my feet felt hot." Chairman Mao replied. • “不知到啊！我感到脚烫时才发现。”毛主席说。 • 2) We can't be too careful. • 我们越仔细越好。 • 3) She didn't half cry. • 她大声吵闹。 • 4) I couldn't feel better. • 我觉得精神好极了。
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Negative-affirmative translation of adverbs 1) He is not seldom ill. 他常生病。 2) An opportunity is not likely to repeat itself. 良机难再。 Negative-affirmative translation of adjectives 1) They were, not, however, left long undisturbed. • 然而他们并没有得到多久的安宁。 • 2) The television pictures were so clear and sharp showing the deep shadows and bright sunlight, that they seemed almost unreal. • 电视画面那么清晰和鲜明，显示出阴暗的黑影和 明亮的阳光，看上去真有些疑真疑幻。
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Affirmative-negative-transformation of propositions 1) Socialism is beyond doubt superior to capitalism. 社会主义制度无疑优于资本主义制度。 2) I'm very much surprised when the volunteers gave us cigarettes instead of killing us. 志愿者给我们烟抽而不杀我们时，我感到吃惊。 3) There is one great issue in the balance here today. 今天，这儿有一个悬而未决的大问题。 4) Under fifty people were there. 那儿不足50个人。 5) His answer is beside the mark. 他的回答文不对题。
• 6) Herb may be dying somewhere, calling out for his mum and dad, and only strangers round him. • 哈伯在某处正在死去，哭爹喊娘的，可身边没有 一个亲人。 • 7) All night long the beating and questioning goes on, the search goes on. • 整夜拷打不断，审讯不断，搜查不断。 • 8) I've read your articles, I expected to meet an older man. • 我拜度过您的大作，没想到您那么年轻。