知识讲解-高考总复习：表语从句及同位语从句

高考总复习：表语从句及同位语从句

编稿：陈玉莲审稿：王春霞

真题再现

1. Evidence has been found through years of study______ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.

A. why

B. how

C. whether

D. that

2.I made a promise to myself _______ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.

A. whether

B. what

C. that

D. how

3. The notice came around two in the afternoon _____ the meeting would be postponed.

A. when

B. that

C. whether

D. how

4. Modern science has given clear evidence ____________smoking can lead to many diseases.

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. where

5. I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is______ her never finishes anything.

A. that

B. when

C. where

D. why

6. I’d like to start my own business—that’s ________ I’d do if I had the money.

A. why

B. when

C. which

D. what

7. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.

—That’s_______I don’t agree.You should have a more active life.

A.where

B.how

C.when

D.what

8. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was______ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.

A. what

B. that

C. why

D. whether

1. D。分析句子结构可知，空白处后面为句子主语“Evidence”的同位语从句，在这一从句中，句意完整，不缺少成分，应该使用“that”作为引导词。因此，正确答案为D选项。

2.C。that引导同位语从句，在从句中不做句子成分，补充说明同位语promise的内容。

3. B。句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来。空格后的句子是解释说明名词the notice，作同位语从句，在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that引导。

4. C。题意：抽烟会导致多种疾病，对此现代科学已经给出了明确的证据。本题考查同位语从句。evidence后的从句说明的是其具体内容，从句中不缺少句子成分，故用that引导同位语从句。其他三项引导同位语从句都要在从句中作成分。

5. D。本题考查表语从句的连接词。句意：我觉得与其说他是个实干家不如说他是个空谈家，这就是为什么他从来不会完成任何事情的原因。分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的整个句子he’s more of a talker than a doer；在定语从句中，is后面为表语从句，由句意可知which指代的内容是表语从句内容的原因，故用why引导表语从句。

6. D。分析句子结构，that’s后面所带从句为表语从句；再看从句中do为及物动词，需要填入宾语，故填入连接代词what。

7. A。“这就是我不同意的地方。”agree是不及物动词，所以用where引导表语从句。

8. B。从句不缺成分，因此用that来引导。句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说《大卫·科波菲

尔》的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。

知识讲解

表语从句的连接词判断

表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语，说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。

连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how

The problem is how we can get the things we need.

The scissors are not what I need.

【高清课堂链接点：表语从句高清ID：396513 】

表语从句一般位于连系动词（如be，seem，remain等后）。

The fact is that she never liked him.

My point is that you have to face the problem.

The question is whether we should accept their invitation.

The city is no longer what it used to be.

That’s where the battle took place.

The question is who’s responsible for what has happened.

The reason why he was absent was that he was ill.

as if引导的表语从句有时可用虚拟语气，表示可能性小。

He acted as if he hadn’t eaten for a long time.

It looks as if it is going to rain.

表示建议、命令、要求一类的表语从句要用虚拟语气。

My suggestion is that you should practice reading English every day.

The order is that you stay where you are.

His request is that his brother play with him.

The requirement is that you should not smoke in that school.

表语从句重点句型

“That is why...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结。

That is why I came.

That's why he got angry with me. （That's why…强调结果）

because引导的表语从句强调原因。

That's because he didn't understand me.（That's because…强调原因）

what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，不宜用because。

The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me.

What I told him yesterday was that he had been promoted as the manager of the company.

同位语从句的连接词

同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，它一般跟在抽象名词fact，idea，news，hope，belief，thought，truth，doubt，suggestion，warning, instruction，reason，information,