初中英语被动语态复习要点

初中英语被动语态复习要点

被动语态是是初三年级学习的重点语法内容。学好被动语态的结构有助于提高阅读理解能力，学会使用被动语态的句子尤其重要。在此，我们为基础较好的学生提供这方面的例句，希望对初中英语教学有所裨益。英语老师要鼓励学生浏览以下内容，接触各种形式含被动语态的句子。只要学生能看懂意思，教师不必要作任何讲解。在教学中，要依据学生能力水平，关注教材中对被动语态下的定义。基础好的学生不会有多少负担，是培养用英语做简单思维的重要媒介。

一、被动语态的基本定义

1.1 We use active voice when it is important to know who performs the action. 1.2 We can use the passive voice when

•it is obvious when performs the action.

•we do not know or do not want to know who performs the action.

•we think the action is more important than the person who performs the action.

1.3 We form the passive voice in different tenses like this: subject + be + past participle

•We use ‘am’, ‘is’ or ‘are’ + past participle to form the passive voice in the simple present tense.

•We use ‘was’ or ‘were’ + past participl e to form the passive voice in the simple past tense.

•We use ‘will be’ or ‘be going to be’ + past participle to form the passive voice in the simple future tense.

•We use ‘can / may / must / should’ + past participle to form the passive voice with modal verbs.

•We use ‘have been’ or ‘has been’ + past participle to form the passive voice in the present perfect tense.

•We can also introduce the person who performs an action with the passive voice using ‘by’.We put ‘by’ and name(s) of the person(s) at the end of a passive sentence.

二、讲解与例句

2.1 To form the passive, take the following steps: Take the object of the active verb and make it the subject of the passive verb. Add the verb b to be in the same tense as the verb in the active sentence. Add the past participle of the active verb. If the subject of the active verb has to be expressed, it is usually introduced with by.

2.2 We use the passive when who or what causes the action is not important or is not known,or when we want to focus on the action.

•The rubbish is taken out every day. (We don't know who takes the rubbish out, or maybe it's not important.)

•The Great Wall of China was built thousands of years ago. (It's not important exactly who built it, we want to focus on the action of building)

•The money has been stolen. (We don't know who stole it, and we want to emphasise the action of stealing)

•My windows are cleaned once a month. (It's not important who cleans them.

The action of cleaning is more important)

2.3 If there are two objects in the active sentence, two passive sentences are possible.

Active: They gave me 500 dollars to do the work.

Passive: I was given 50 dollars to do the work or 500 dollars was given to me to do the work.

2.4 Get is often used instead of be in informal spoken English.

I got offered the promotion. / The table got damaged in the fire. / I got asked to present the award.

2.5 The subject of the active verb is not usually expressed in passive sentences, because it is unknown or unimportant. However, if it is used, it is usually preceded with by.

The painting was done by Picasso.

2.6 When we talk about a tool used by an agent, it can be preceded by with. The painting was done with oils on canvas.

三、教材要求

1.Rice is grown in China.

2.Coke is sold all over the world.

3.Activities for the Computer Club are organized by Mr Lin.

cational CD-ROMs are sold in many countries.

5.Word processing skills are taught in our computer lessons.

6.The places you have visited are marked in bright purple.

7.The game is sold in all computer shops and bookshops.

8.What is the game called? It is called ‘Around the World in eight Hours’.

9.When the witch is caught, you win the game.

10.The printer was sold already.

11.That CD-ROM was designed by Nancy Jackson.

12.This picture was painted by Millie.