doing作状语

伴随状语
Four people entered the room and looked curious. Four people entered the room, looking … The teacher came into the classroom and was followed by some students. The teacher came into the classroom, followed by some students.
分词作状语
分词作状语,表示动作发生的条件、原因、结 果、让步、时间、方式或伴随等，通常相当 于一个状语从句或并列分句。 一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的 主语。
作状语时，选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键 看主句的主语。如主语和分词是主谓关系， 就选用现在分词，如分词和主语是动宾关系， 就用过去分词。
条件状语 If you use your head, you’ll find a good
way.
Using your head, you’ll find a good way.
If I am invited, I’ll go to your party.
Invited, I’ll go to your party. 作条件状语一般放在句首
2. We heard them _q_u_a_r_r_e_li_n_g (quarrel) about money after the concert; they looked very angry.
3. I heard him _d_r_o_p_p_i_n_g (drop) lots of coins into the collecting tin.
____ from the Leabharlann Baiduop, the stadium looks like
a bird nest.
A. Seeing
B. Seen
从太空看, 宇航员看不到长城。
____ from the space, the astronaut can
not discover the Great Wall.
an exciting evening 激动人心的夜晚
an interesting crosstalk 有趣的相声
Describe the bears with V-ing used as attribute
1.What __c_h_a_r_m__in__g____ bears they are! (charm) 2.What a/an _s_u_r_p_r_is_i_n_g_/_i_n_s_p_i_ri_n_g__ idea the ad has. 3. The bears _e_n_j_o_y_i_n_g__c_o_c_a_c_o__la are content with their life.skiing on the ice 4.The bears _d__ri_n_k_i_n_g__c_o_c_a_c__o_la_ make cocacola more popular.
四 V-ing作定语——现在分词
现在分词作定语，被修饰的词与V-ing之间有一 种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。 当现在分词单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前； 如果是现在分词短语作定语，则放在所修饰的名 词后。
The girl crying in the classroom is my desk mate.
make, let, have, keep, leave, look at, see, watch, hear, listen to, notice, find, feel 等。
怎么记？ “五让、三看、两听、
一注意、一发现、一 感觉”。简单又好记！
He looked around and caught a man
_________ his hand into the
pocket of a passenger.
A.put
B. to be putting
C. to put
D. putting
Practice:
1. I saw them _f_o_rc_i_n_g(force) the door open with a hammer.
Satisfied with his job, he had a big smile on his face.
作原因状语一般放在句首
让步状语
Though he studied hard, he didn’t pass the exam.
Studying hard, he didn’t pass the exam. Though he was born in a poor family,he was optimistic. Born in a poor family, he was optimistic.
原因状语 Because he was poor , he couldn’t afford a
TV set. Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.
Because he was satisfied with his job, he had a big smile on his face.
作伴随状语多放于句末
方式状语或结果状语 He came running back to tell me the news.
His father died, and this left the family even worse off.
His father died, leaving the family even worse off.
翻译下列句子： 1.我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。 Our job is __p_la_y_i_n_g_a_l_l _k_in_d__s_o_f_m__u_s_ic___.
2. 他们演奏的音乐史如此的令人兴奋。 The music they are playing is _s_o_e_x_c_i_ti_n_g_.
(2) a walking stick = a stick for walking
What’s the difference between
(1) and (2)?
V-ing作定语时，现在分词与动名词区别：
现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰的词之间有有 种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句
a waiting room = a room for waiting
五 V-ing形式作宾语补足语
V-ing形式作宾补时，它与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓 关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。S+V+O+C
I heard the girl singing in the classroom.
We have the fire burning all day. 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
The flowers __________ sweet in the
botanic garden attract the visitors to
the beauty of nature.
A.to smell
B. smelling
C. smelt
D. to be smelt
(1) a walking man =a man who is walking
作方式状语或结果多放于句 末
在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。 __U_s_in__g_ the book, I find it useful. 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。 __U_s_e_d__ for a long time, the book looks old.
从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。
The crying girl is my desk mate.
The tower ___________ the warring states is well worth visiting.
A.dated from B. dated back from C. dating from D. to date from
动名词作表语用来说明主语的内容，与主语是 同一个概念，表语和主语的位置可互换。
区别动名词与现在分词：
His hobby is painting.
动名词作表语用来说明主语的具体内容。
The news is inspiring.
现在分词作表语是用来表示主语所具有的 特征，有的已变成了形容词，主语和表语的 位置不能互换。
现在分词作结果状语表示自然的结果。充当结 果状语的现在分词的逻辑主语有时并不是句子 的主语，而是句子的内容或部分内容。 The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.
A lot of good land has gone with them, leaving only sand.
2.有些动词词组，如：regard, describe, accept, think of, look on等 之后可由as引出V-ing形式作宾补。
They describe the cartoon as being attractive.
... in defence of...
1. He sacrificed his life to defend the honor/ dignity of his nation. 2. Elizabeth didn't trust him, so she left him a false name and address. 3. Without a cup of coffee in the morning, Jenny can't function (well/normally). 4. During World War II, he rose gradually from the rank of captain to general. 5. Don't forget to bring your cassette recorder tommorrow. 6. There must be some misunderstanding. I have no idea what you're talking about.
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1. 能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见 动词有：
1.作表语
现 在
2.作定语
分
3.作宾补
词
4.作状语
三.V-ing作表语
We are learning English. The story is interesting.
动词进行时 现在分词作表语
My job is teaching English. 动名词作表语 =Teaching English is my job.
a waiting man = a man who is waiting
而动名词作定语时，与被修饰的词之间 没有这种关系，它仅仅表示一种用途， “作…用”相当于一个for引导的介词短 语
Translate the following phrases.
a reading room 阅览室 a washing machine 洗衣机
作让步状语一般放在句首
时间状语
While I was walking in the street, I saw a tailor’s shop. Walking in the street, I saw a tailor’s
shop. When she was surrounded by a mad dog, she was very frightened and screamed. Surrounded by a mad dog,she was very fri作gh时te间ne状d语an一d般sc放re在a句me首d.