群体和团队
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Group size group composition(structure) ( homogeneous/heterogeneous group) group function group status group norm
群体行为特征 Group Behavior Model
Group Member Resources
Prestage I
Leabharlann Baidu
Stage I Forming
Stage II Storming
Stage III Norming
Stage IV Performing
Stage V Adjourning
群体发展阶段 Punctuated-Equilibrium Model
(High)
Performance
(Low)
当群体目标与组织目标一致时
High cohesiveness Advantage Disadvantage
a high level of participation and communication within the group
A high level of conformity to group norms
First Meeting
Phase 1
A
Phase 2 Completion
Transition
(A+B)/2
Time B
群体的作用
群体组合功能 群体的分工协作功能 群体的教化与协调功能 群体的平台或手段功能 群体满足个体多种需要的功能
Characteristics of Work Group
Group size
Similarity/diversity of group members
Competition with other group
Group cohesiveness
how attractive a group is to its members
Success
Exclusiveness
群体类型
群体定义(Definition):A set of two or more
people who interact with each other to achieve certain goals to meet certain needs.
群体类型Group Types:
正式群体 非正式群体
• Employee selection • Evaluation-rewards • Culture • Work setting
群体成员 The Resources of Group Members
Knowledge, Skills, and
Abilities
Personality Characteristics
. Types of Group
Work groups
Formal groups
Informal groups
Command groups
Task groups
Teams
Self-managed work teams
Friendship groups
Interest groups
群体发展阶段 Stages of Group Development
• Small groups
• Large groups
• Social loafing
• Individual effort
群体构成 The Composition of the Group
同质群体 异质群体
群体互动过程 Effects of Group Processes
Potential Group
学习目标
区别正式群体与非正式群体 了解群体形成与发展的过程(模型) 分析群体人际关系与群体互动 描述群体规范对个体行为的影响 分析群体凝聚力的利与弊 列举几种群体决策的优劣势 比较群体与团队的差异 说明高绩效团队的特点 如何建立高绩效团队与保持团队活力
主要内容
Groups Introduction Group Characteristics Group structure and norms Group decision making Team Types Features of effective teams Issues in managing teams
Effectiveness
Process Gains 群体收获
Synergy
Process Losses 群体损失
Social Loafing
Realized Group
Effectiveness
Group Tasks 群体任务
Moderating the Size-Performance
Relationship
Performance
Appearance
群体规范 Group Norms
Resources
Arrangement
群体规范的形成(从众) Conformity to Group Norms
vvv Studies by Solomon Asch vvv
X
AB C
群体规模 Size of the Group
interdependence
interdependence
AB C
Group performance A+B+C
AB
C
Group performance
Group performance
A BC
群体凝聚力与群体绩效 Group cohesiveness and group
performance
.
Requirements Complexity
Interdependence
Group task and group performance
Thompson’s model of task interdependence
A: pooled task interdependence
B: Sequential task C: Reciprocal task
Group Task
External Conditions
Group Processes
Performance and
Satisfaction
Group Structure
群体外部环境条件 External Conditions
• Overall strategy • Authority structures • Formal regulations • Resources
群体行为特征 Group Behavior Model
Group Member Resources
Prestage I
Leabharlann Baidu
Stage I Forming
Stage II Storming
Stage III Norming
Stage IV Performing
Stage V Adjourning
群体发展阶段 Punctuated-Equilibrium Model
(High)
Performance
(Low)
当群体目标与组织目标一致时
High cohesiveness Advantage Disadvantage
a high level of participation and communication within the group
A high level of conformity to group norms
First Meeting
Phase 1
A
Phase 2 Completion
Transition
(A+B)/2
Time B
群体的作用
群体组合功能 群体的分工协作功能 群体的教化与协调功能 群体的平台或手段功能 群体满足个体多种需要的功能
Characteristics of Work Group
Group size
Similarity/diversity of group members
Competition with other group
Group cohesiveness
how attractive a group is to its members
Success
Exclusiveness
群体类型
群体定义(Definition):A set of two or more
people who interact with each other to achieve certain goals to meet certain needs.
群体类型Group Types:
正式群体 非正式群体
• Employee selection • Evaluation-rewards • Culture • Work setting
群体成员 The Resources of Group Members
Knowledge, Skills, and
Abilities
Personality Characteristics
. Types of Group
Work groups
Formal groups
Informal groups
Command groups
Task groups
Teams
Self-managed work teams
Friendship groups
Interest groups
群体发展阶段 Stages of Group Development
• Small groups
• Large groups
• Social loafing
• Individual effort
群体构成 The Composition of the Group
同质群体 异质群体
群体互动过程 Effects of Group Processes
Potential Group
学习目标
区别正式群体与非正式群体 了解群体形成与发展的过程(模型) 分析群体人际关系与群体互动 描述群体规范对个体行为的影响 分析群体凝聚力的利与弊 列举几种群体决策的优劣势 比较群体与团队的差异 说明高绩效团队的特点 如何建立高绩效团队与保持团队活力
主要内容
Groups Introduction Group Characteristics Group structure and norms Group decision making Team Types Features of effective teams Issues in managing teams
Effectiveness
Process Gains 群体收获
Synergy
Process Losses 群体损失
Social Loafing
Realized Group
Effectiveness
Group Tasks 群体任务
Moderating the Size-Performance
Relationship
Performance
Appearance
群体规范 Group Norms
Resources
Arrangement
群体规范的形成(从众) Conformity to Group Norms
vvv Studies by Solomon Asch vvv
X
AB C
群体规模 Size of the Group
interdependence
interdependence
AB C
Group performance A+B+C
AB
C
Group performance
Group performance
A BC
群体凝聚力与群体绩效 Group cohesiveness and group
performance
.
Requirements Complexity
Interdependence
Group task and group performance
Thompson’s model of task interdependence
A: pooled task interdependence
B: Sequential task C: Reciprocal task
Group Task
External Conditions
Group Processes
Performance and
Satisfaction
Group Structure
群体外部环境条件 External Conditions
• Overall strategy • Authority structures • Formal regulations • Resources