动词的-ing形式和不定式形式

动词的-ing形式和不定式形式的用法•Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the “–ing” form and the infinitive form of the verb. Reflect on its grammatical function in each sentence.

•研究以下本单元中出现的句子，尤其要关注动词的-ing形式和不定式形式。思考它在句子中的语法功能

1.Leaving him stranded in the desert didn’t bother me as much. (Para. 2, Text A)

把他一个人留在沙漠中倒并没有让我有多么不安。 ing短语在句中做主语。

2. But who’d be crazy enough to try such a trip? (Para. 6, Text A)

•但谁会这么不切实际、愿意去尝试这样一次旅行呢？ to try不定式在句中做原因状语。

3. Indeed, for six weeks I tried to find out. (Para. 10, Text A)

实际上，整整六个星期的时间里我试图找出答案。动词不定式做宾语。

4. “But I hate to see a man stand out in the rain,” he added. (Para. 14, Text A)

但我不愿意看到有人在雨里站着。动词不定式做宾语。

5. I told them how proud I was to live in a country where people were still willing to help out a stranger. (Para. 31, Text A)

我告诉他们，生活在一个人们仍然愿意帮助陌生人的国度里，我有多么自豪。不定式做表语

6. There is definitely no smoking on this bus, no littering, no rudeness, and few strident bells to signal stops. (Para. 4, Text B)

在这辆公共汽车上，绝对没有人抽烟，没人乱扔垃圾或举止粗鲁，就连提示司机停车的刺耳铃声也很少响起。 smoking，littering在句中做主语。

•7. Talking was hard for her. (Para. 11, Text B) •说话对她而言是件难事。

•Talking在句中做主语。

-ing形式与动词不定式的用法区别

1. -ing形式与动词不定式都可在句中作主语、表语、宾语。

一般说来，表示一个比较抽象或泛指的动作时多用-ing形

式；表示一个具体某一次的动作时，多用动词不定式。如： She likes playing the piano, but she doesn't want to play it today.

2. -ing形式作定语用时，其动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示

的动词同时发生，而动词不定式作定语时，其动作一般发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之后。如：

The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well.

I have three letters to write.

3．①不定式作宾语补足语时，其动作一般发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，如：

I have told them to come again tomorrow.

②在see, watch, hear, feel等之后，如果用-ing形式

作宾补，表示其动作正在进行中，而用不带to的不定

式作宾补时，不定式所表示的动作是一个动作的过程，如：

I hear her singing in the room.

I hear her sing in the room.

4. -ing形式在句中作状语表示时间、原因、方式或伴随情

况，而动词不定式一般在句中作状语时，一般是作目的或结果状语，如：

Not receiving his letter, I wrote to him again.

I looked into the window to see what was going on

inside.

Now, do the task on Pages 30-31 in your textbook.

Page 30

Choose either the infinitive form or the -ing form of the verb in brackets to complete each of the following sentences. 用括号中的动词的不定式形式或-ing 形式完成下列句子。

1.When I saw John in his room, he was busy _____(prepare) his

lessons.

答案：preparing

2. I’d like to take this opportunity _____ (thank) all of you for coming to join us tonight.

答案：to thank

3. My transistor radio isn’t working. It needs ____(repair).

答案：repairing/to be repaired