新托福阅读长难句120句分析及译文

新托福阅读长难句120句（分析+译文） 12月16日

1. Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface，the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans，in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.

(定语后置in some ways…)

由于完全没有光，而且承受着比在地球表面大数百倍的极大压力，深海底部对人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境，在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。

分句1：Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures

分句2：hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s s urface

分句3：the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans

分句4：in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space

分句2修饰分句1结尾的短语intense pressures，

分句1是分句3的原因状语

分句3是整个长句子的主句

分句4是分句3的后置定语，修饰分句3的a hostile environment to humans

整个句子结构是：

原因状语+主句+后置定语

这是主句前后分别有状语和定语的修饰成分，但是本句其实不是复合句。句子的核心意思是深海对于人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境。

2.Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country's impressive population growth．

(倒装结构Basic to any understanding…is…)

要理解二战之后20年中的加拿大，就必须了解该国惊人的人口增长。

分句1：Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the

Second World War

分句2：is

分句3：the country's impressive population growth

分句1，2，3共同构成倒装句，正常的语序应该是3，2，1，即：该句的正常语序是The country's impressive population growth is basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20

years after the Second World War．

本句是一个简单句，只不过使用了倒装，谓语动词是is.

3.As a result，claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of

organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other

benefits to health have become widely publicized and form the basis

for folklore．

(同位语从句claims that…)

结果，那些认为只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康的观点广为人知，并成为一些民间说法的基础。

分句1：that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health

分句2：claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore

分句2嵌套分句1，分句1作为分句2主语的同位语从句嵌套在分句2中。因此本句的主句是claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore.

那些观点广为人知，并成为一些民间说法的基础。同位语从句是that eating a diet consisting entirely

of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides

other benefits to health：只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康

4.There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins

are superior to synthetic ones，that fertilized eggs are

nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs，that untreated grains

are better than fumigated grains and the like．

(并列同位语从句reports that…，that…，that…)

关于天然维生素优于人造维生素，受精蛋比未受精蛋的营养价值更高，未经熏蒸消毒处理的谷物比经过处理的好等等报道屡见不鲜，但都没有得到证实。

分句1：There are numerous unsubstantiated reports

分句2：natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones

分句3：that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs

分句4：that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and the like

分句1是整个长句的主句，分句2、分句3和分句4是并列关系，共同构成分句1的同位语从句。本句的意思是有很多没有经过证实的报道，然后并列了三个未经过证实的报道的从句。

5·The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that

reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North，though less spectacularly．

(同位语从句fact that…)

南方极为严重的困境使北方同样需要开始重建(尽管不像南方那么引人注目)这一事实显得不太重要。

分句1. The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact

分句2. reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North

分句3.though less spectacularly （省略）

1和2嵌套

1和3并列

6·The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every

major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and

fueled what we now know as urban sprawl．

(宾语从句what we now know as)

现在可以获得这些环绕几乎每个大城市边缘地区的土地，这一可能性激发了一场房地产开发的热潮并造成了我们现在称为城区无计划扩展的现象。

分句1：The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost

every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and

fueled

分句2：what we now know as urban sprawl

分句1嵌套分句2，即分句1是主句，分句2是宾语从句，主句结构经过精简应该是The new accessibility of land sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled urban

sprawl。

本句的理解困难还来自于抽象词fuel，它作为名词的含义广为人知，是能源、燃料，作为动词的时候的意思就可以引申为促使、造成。

7.But these factors do not account for the interesting question of

how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs

in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth．

(Of结构作定语：of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant

ichthyosaurs…)

但这些因素并不能解释这个有趣的问题：为何在一个特定的地点会如此集中地出现即将临产的怀孕鱼龙群。

分句1：But these factors do not account for the interesting question

分句2：of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant

ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of

giving birth

分句1嵌套分句2.分句2是Of结构作后置定语修饰说明question的内容。

8. Amid rumors that there were prehistoric mammoths wandering around