托福雅思长难句练习+精讲

托福雅思长难句练习

1

In order to create a sense of structure to this picture（目的状语）, researchers have relied on a distinction（主句）that still underlies the forms of much indigenous visual culture—a distinction between geometric and figurative elements（定语从句）.

佳句妙译

为了给这个图案创造一种结构感，研究者们依赖于这种仍然是构成许多本土视觉文化形式的基础的区分——这种区分介于几何元素和形象元素之间。

句法精析

这句话是主从复合句，整个句子的结构是主句+定语从句，如下：

主句：researchers have relied on a distinction

定语从句：that still underlies the forms of much indigenous visual culture

破折号后面a distinction between geometric and figurative elements是对前面的distinction的进一步解释说明。

词汇拓展

distinction [dɪ'stɪŋkʃn] n. 区分；对比；荣誉

【例】These are the highest distinctions that have ever been given by our government. 这些是我国政府迄今授予的最高荣誉称号。

【派】distinctive（adj. 独特的，有特色的，与众不同的）

【同】differentiation, separation

indigenous [ɪn'dɪdʒənəs] adj. 土生土长的；本地的；天生的

【例】Indians were the indigenous inhabitants of America. 印第安人是美洲的土著居民。

【同】native, original

geometric [ˌdʒi:ə'metrɪk] adj. 几何（学）的；几何学图形的

【例】The cube is a solid geometric figure. 立方体是一个牢固的几何图形。【派】geometrically（adv. 成几何级数地；成几何图形地）

figurative ['fɪɡərətɪv] adj. 造型的，形象的；比喻的，象征的

【例】The word here is used in its figurative sense. 此词在这儿取的是它的比喻意义。

【派】figurativeness（n. 形象性）

【同】metaphorical

短语搭配

rely on依靠；信赖

【例】Now that you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母。

2

The frequency（主句）with which certain simple motifs appear in these oldest sites（定语从句1）has led rock-art researchers to adopt a descriptive term—the Panaramitee style—a label which takes its name from the extensive rock pavements atPanaramitee North in desert South Australia（定语从句2）, which are covered with motifs pecked into the surface（定语从句3）.

佳句妙译

几个简单图案在这些最古老的遗址上出现的频率使得岩石艺术研究人员采用了一种描述性的术语——Panaramitee风格——取名于澳大利亚南部沙漠Panaramitee North的广泛岩石路，这些岩石路表面都刻有这些图案。

句法精析

这句话是主从复合句，整个句子的结构是主句+定语从句1+定语从句2+定语从句3，如下：

主句：The frequency...has led rock-art researchers to adopt a descriptive term 定语从句1：with which certain simple motifs appear in these oldest sites

定语从句2：which takes its name from the extensive rock pavements at Panaramitee North in desert South Australia

定语从句3：which are covered with motifs pecked into the surface

定语从句1是对the frequency的修饰限定；定语从句2是对a label的修饰限定；定语从句3是对前面的rock pavements的进一步解释说明。

词汇拓展

frequency ['fri:kwənsi] n. 频率；频繁

【例】Accidents on that highway are happening with increasing frequency. 那条高速公路上车祸发生得越来越频繁。

【派】frequent（adj. 频繁的；经常的）

【同】repetition

motif [moʊ'ti:f] n. 装饰图案；主题

【例】The jacket has a rose motif on the collar. 这件夹克衫领子上有一朵玫瑰花的图案。