结肠上区解剖

January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
3.脾动脉
脾支
胰支 胃短动脉(3~5支) 胃网膜左动脉 胃后动脉 （60%~80%）
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
二、结肠上区的器官
胃、十二指肠、肝 、肝外胆道、胰、脾
(4)升部
从第3腰椎左侧 上升至第2腰椎左侧 急转向前下方形成十
二指肠空肠曲，移行
为空肠，长约2~3cm。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
十二指肠悬韧带(Treitz韧带):
由连于十二指肠
空肠曲与膈右脚之间
的肌组织和纤维组织 构成，表面包有腹膜， 有固定和上提十二指 肠空肠曲的作用。
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
3.胃的血管、神经
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
1.胃的位置和毗邻 位置：
胃中等充盈
3.肝门和肝蒂
肝门：肝下面“H”形沟的横沟称为肝门
肝蒂：出入肝门的结构合称肝蒂。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
2. 肝总动脉
胃右A 肝固有A 左支 右支胆囊A 胃十二指肠A 胃网膜右A 胰十二指肠上A
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
2.肝的韧带
镰状韧带 冠状韧带
三角韧带 肝圆韧带
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
肝左叶
膈
腹前壁
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
胃后壁邻：
左肾 左肾上腺
胰
脾
横结肠及其系膜
以上器官共同构成统称胃床。
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
2.胃的韧带
主要有： 肝胃韧带
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
(1)十二指肠上部 在第1腰椎右 侧，长约5cm。
十二指肠球：为
腹腔干及其分支：
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
腹腔干的分支：
1. 胃左动脉 2. 肝总动脉
（三）肝 liver
内容：
1.肝的位置、毗邻 2.肝的韧带
3.肝门和肝蒂
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
上方: 胰头
后方：右输尿管 腹主动脉
下腔静脉
前方: 肠系膜根
肠系膜上A、V
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
后方:胆总管 门静脉 下腔静脉 胃十二指肠动脉
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
(2)十二指肠降部
⑥胃后A （70%左右） 脾A
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
胃的静脉回流： 胃的静脉多 与同名动脉伴行，
注入肝门静脉系
Fra Baidu bibliotek统。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
胃的迷走神经：
January, 2007
1.肝的位置、毗邻
位置: 大部分在
右季肋区和腹
上区，小部分
在左季肋区。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
胃结肠韧带
胃脾韧带
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
3.胃的血管、神经 动脉： 胃的动脉供应丰富，并分别在胃
3. 脾动脉
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
1. 胃左动脉 食管支 胃支
January, 2007
大、小弯形成动脉吻合弓。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
胃的动脉有以下6个来源
①胃左A腹腔干 ②胃右A肝固有A ③胃网膜右A胃十二指肠A ④胃网膜左A脾A ⑤胃短A 3~5支 脾A
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
（一）胃 stomach
内容：
1.胃的位置和毗邻
2.胃的韧带
结肠上区
内容： 一、结肠上区的动脉
二、结肠上区的器官
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
一、结肠上区的动脉
时，大部分在左 季肋区，小部分 在腹上区。
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
胃的毗邻：
胃前壁邻：
溃疡的好发部位。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
上部的的毗邻
前上方:肝方叶、胆囊
下方:胰头
降部的毗邻：
前方: 横结肠及其系膜
后方: 右肾门及右输尿 管起始部
内侧: 胰头
胆总管
外侧: 结肠右曲
January, 2007 Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
局 部 解 剖 学
Systematic anatomy
兰州大学基础医学院解剖教研室
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
在第1~3腰椎右 侧，长约7~8cm 。
十二指肠大乳头
十二指肠小乳头
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
（二）十二指肠 duodenum
1. 分部及毗邻
分四部： 上部 降部 水平部 升部
(3)十二指肠水平部
横跨第3腰椎，长约10cm 。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
水平部的毗邻：
毗邻:
肝上面邻:
膈 腹前壁
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
肝下面邻:
胃前壁 食管腹段 结肠右曲 十二指肠上曲 右肾和右肾上腺