分句、合句、换序

Chapter 3 分句、合句、换序
3.1分句译法（Division）
▪ e.g. They seemed to enjoy those rewards which they had purchased by a course of unremitting fatigue and by victories which almost exceeded belief.
3.1.1 Definition:
分句译法又称之为“拆句法”或者“断句译法”，就是把比较长的句子译成较短的句子。

3.1.2 拆开并列句
▪ e.g. The shark swung over and the old man saw his eye was not alive and then he swung over once again, wrapping himself in two loops of the rope. (Earnest Hemingway: The Old Man and the Sea)
▪ e.g. It is very easy to bring some books from the bookstores and libraries, but to learn the knowledge in the books and put the knowledge into practice is by no means an easy job.
3.1.3 拆开名词从句
▪ e.g. It was in vain that the old lady asked her if she was aware she was speaking to Miss Pinkerton. (W. M. Thackeray: Vanity Fair)
▪ e.g. It is certain that man will eventually solve the riddle of UFO.
3.1.4 拆开定语从句
▪ e.g. Just then the fish gave a sudden lurch that pulled the old man down onto the bow.( Earnest Hemingway: The Old Man and the Sea)
▪ e.g. There is now a single accepted pronunciation for the vast majority of words in ordinary polite use, deviation from which is regarded either as a provincialism or as a vulgarism.
3.1.5 拆开状语从句
▪ e.g After singing a concert in this city, he said he wanted to greet his admirers backstage as he always does.
▪ e.g. 这首歌并不曾继续多久，//就和笛声共同消失在黑暗里了。

（巴金：《家》）
3.2 合句译法（Combination）
▪ e.g. The young man was very miserable. // He had no money about him. //All his savings had been stolen ．
▪ e.g. 笛声止了。

//远远地起了拍掌声和欢笑声。

（巴金：《家》）
3.2.1 Definition:
合句译法，简而言之就是把比较短的句子合并起来译成较长的句子。

▪ e.g. Darkness fell. // An explosion shook the earth．//It did not shake his will to go to the front．
▪ e.g. She is very busy at home. //She has to take care of the children and do the kitchen work．
▪ e.g. 最后两个字是特别用力的。

//大家都不懂“这个”是什么。

（茅盾：《子夜》)
▪ e.g. 旧历新年快来了。

//这是一年中的第一件大事。

//除了那些负债过多的人以外，大家都热烈地欢迎这个佳节的到来。

（巴金：《家》）
▪ e.g. 袭人之母也早迎了出来。

//袭人拉了宝玉进去。

（曹雪芹：《红楼梦》，第十九回）
▪ e.g. 还是热，心里可镇定多了。

//凉风，即使是一点点，给了人们许多希望。

（老舍：《骆驼祥子》)
3.3换序译法
3.3.1. 定语或定语从句
▪ e.g. 昨天我们看了一部关于军人生活的电影。

▪ e.g.在我工作过的学校后面有十多栋新的建筑。

▪ e.g. They were sons of the men who had left their homes and taken to the mountains with their broad swords by their sides.
▪ e.g. He witnessed the sixth post-war economic crisis of serious consequence that prevailed in various fields in the USA.
▪ e.g. Somebody tapped me on the shoulder. I looked up from the exercise books of my young pupils, which I was just correcting, into the lined, kindly face of a little woman farmer of old age.
3.3.2 状语或状语从句
▪ e.g. Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.
▪ e.g. Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, he was liked by everyone.
▪ e.g. The meeting ended in disagreement.
▪ e.g. 我公司为此于去年五月多次郑重地向贵公司解释。

▪ e.g. 不要开着窗子睡觉。

3.3.3. It 做从句的形式主语
▪ e.g. It is not your fault that this has happened.
▪ e.g. It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone my holiday.
3.3.
4. 表语
▪ e.g. Perhaps the factor that makes a positive outcome most likely is the clear recognition by the government and business community that there is an overriding need for innovation.
3.3.5 插入语
▪ e.g. If he answered honestly, it seemed to Tom, his father would be more angry.
▪ e.g. This, I think, is the only way out of the difficulty.
Chapter 3
1. On behalf of all of your American guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.
2.In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks this week, let us recognized
at the outset these points:
3. That day, the President had an interview with her father.//Her father was going to the moon by space shuttle ．
4. 讲动武，祥子不能打个老人，也不能打个姑娘。

//他的力量没地方用。

（老舍：《骆驼祥子》)
5. People most difficult to understand are often members of one’s own family.
6. They had to give up the program for lack of investment funds.
7. I couldn’t think much of John after he had done a thing like that.
8. The trees in that area, it is said, are mostly over 30 feet tall.。