英语定语从句讲义全

重复时
things that we remembered.
⑤ He is the only man that I want to
see.
⑥ Who is the man that is making a
专业 word 可编辑
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..
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speech?
① 在非限制性定语从句中 ， 只能用 which ① He has a son, who has gone
（ 二 ）定语从句的注意点
在定从中作宾语 在定从中作主语
解释 在定从中作状语 在定从中作状语 在定从中作状语
本部分的内容比较复杂 ， 为便于考生一目了然 ， 我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生 。
1.that 与 which, who, whom 的用法区别
情况
用法说明
例句
① 先 行 词 为 all, everything, anything, ① He told me everything that he
C. in the way
D. the way
which
2.as、 which 和 that 的区别
从句 限制性 定语从句中
非限制性 定语从句中
the same... as 和 the same ...that
区别
例句
名词前有 such 和 the same 修饰时 ， 关系代词用 as,不能用 which
and criticizing you.
②I was struck by the beauty of the
way in which she stood.
③What surprised me was not what
he said but _______ he said it.
A. the way
B. in the way that
指代 时间 地点 原因
例句 Would you suggest a time when we can have a talk? The house where they live is not very large. This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.
现象 在定语从句加中插入语 ， 常见的有 ： I think ,I suppose ,I guess ,I imagine 等 。 辨别的方法 是 ： 去掉插入语后 ， 原句句法结构仍然完整 。
例句 ① ---Is that the small town you often refer to? --- Right, just the one ________ you know I used to work for years.
3. where 、 when 与 why 引导的定语从句
关系副词
用法
例句
专业 word 可编辑
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where when why
关系副词 where 引导定语从句时 ， 只 能在定语从句中作地点状语 ， 其修饰 的名词必须是表示 (具体或抽象的 )地点 的名词 。
关系副词 when 引导定语从句时 , 只能 在定语从句中作时间状语 ， 其修饰的 名词必须是表示时间的名词 。
4.“介词 + 关系代词 ”引导的定语从句
当关系代词作介词宾语 ， 且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时
，介词可以提前 ， 这样就
出现 “介词 + 关系代词 ”。先行词指物 ， 用 “介词 +which/whose”，指人则用 “介词 +whom/whose”, 且
两个关系代词均不能省略 。 介词的选择要遵循两个原则 ：
hundred feet high.
A. the larger
B. the larger of them
C. the larger one that
D. the larger of which
[解析 ] the larger of which 指代 the larger of the
two buildings ， which 在 定 语 从 句 中 指 代
在定从中作主语
whose
He lives in a room whose window faces south
在定从中作定语
专业 word 可编辑
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..
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..
as
表三 关系副词 when where why
整句内容
It is such a big stone as nobody can lift. As is known to all, he is the best student.
性定语从句 ，故选 ［ A］。
There are many thousands of stars in the sky
that are like the sun. 在太空中有成千上万的象太 阳般的星星 。
乍一看 ， that 引导的定语从句在名词 sky 的后
在定从中作表语
me to be.
He is such a lazy man as nobody
as
在定从中作宾语
wants to work with.
The only thing that we can do is
that
在定从中作宾语
to give you some advice.
which
事物
A dictionary is a useful book which tells us the meaning of words
只用 which, who, whom 的
情况
指代物 ， 用 who/whom 指人 ② 在由 “介词 + 关系代词 ”引导的定语从句 中 ， 只能用 which 指物 ， whom 指人 。 ③ 先行词本身是 that 时 ， 关系词用 which,
abroad for further study. ② I like the person to whom the teacher is talking. ③ Those who respect others are
discovery ,______of importance to science .
A.which I think is
B. which I think it is
C. which I think it
D. I think is
[ 解析 ]这里 I think 是插入语 ， which 引导非限制
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定语从句
（ 一 ）基本概念
1.由一个句子作定语 ， 修饰句中一个名词或代词 ， 有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容
，
这样的从句就是定语从句 ， 被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 。
2.关系词分为两大类 ， 即关系代词和关系副词 ， 其作用一是引出一个定语从句 ， 二是代替其所修
饰的先行词 ， 三是在句中充当某个句子成分 。
先行词为 those, one, he 时多用 who 。
只用 that ，in which 或不用 关系词的情况
the way 做先行词时
usually respected by others.
①Mary,there is one way that you
could stop others talking about you
专业 word 可编辑
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在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语
A.that B. which
C.where
D.what
[ 解析 ] work 是不及物动词 ， 先行词 one 在定语从
句中只能作地点状语 ，You know 在句中作插入
语 ，所以答案选 [C] 。
② He made another wonderful
原则
内 容
原则一
根据定语从句中谓语动词与 先行词的搭配内容而定
原则二
根据先行词而定
例句
I saw a woman running toward me in the dark.
Before I could recognize who she was
， she had
run back in the direction__________she had come.
He is not such a fool as he looks. Don ’ rtead such books as you can ’ t understand.
as 和 which 都可以指代前面整个主 句 。 如果有 “正如 ， 象 ”的含义 ， 并可
They won the game, expected.
A. a; that
B. a; when
C. the; that
D. the ; when
关系副词 why 引导定语从句时 ， 只 能在定语从句中作原因状语 ， 其修饰 的名词必须是表示原因的名词 。
Do you know the reason why she was
put into prison ? 你知道她坐牢的原因 吗？
the same... as 指同类事物 the same ...that 指原物
That ’s the same tool as I used last week. （ 同类工具 ， 不是同一把 ） That ’s the same tool that I used last week. 那就是我上周用过的工具 。
as we had
以放在主句前 ， 也可以放在后面 ， 那 They won the game, which we hadn
’t
么用 as；而 which 引导的从句只能放 主句后 ， 并无 “正如 ”的意思 。
expected. As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.
building ，作介词 of 的宾语 ， 故答案为 [D] 。
5.定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象
定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词 ； 但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分
， 使它与先
行词分隔开来 ， 这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句 ， 在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况 ， 在阅读
是要注意识别先行词的修饰对象 。
A.of which B.by which C.in which D.from
which
[ 解析 ] 此题考查由 “介词 + 关系代词 ”引导的定语从
句 ， 根据句意用 from which 表示 “所来的那个方
向 ”，故答案选 [D]
There are two buildings , _______ stands nearly a
nothing, little, much, 等不定代词时
knows.
② 先行词被 all, any, every, each, much,
little, no, some, few 等修饰时
② All the books that you offered has
③ 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时
关系词的分类和基本用法
表一
分类
指代
引导词
人
who, whom, that, as
关系代词
事物 人或物 （ 表所属关
系）
which, that, as whose
地点
where
关系副词
时间
whenຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
原因
why
表二
关系代词 who
指代
例句 The man who helped you is Mr White.
解释 在定从中作主语
whom whose
That
is
the
person(whom/who/that)
you
在定从中作宾语 ，可省略
want to see.
人
He is the father whose son
studies very well in our class.
在定从中作定语
that
I ′ m not theofol that you thought
We’ re just trying to teach a
point___both sides will sit down
together and talk.
A. where
B. that C. when D.
which
There was ________time ________I hated
to go to school.
只用 that 的情 ④ 先行词既指人又指物时
况
⑤ 先行词被 the only, the very 修饰时
been given out. ③ This is the best film that I have ever read.
⑥ 句中已经有 who 或 which 时 ，为了避免 ④ We talked about the persons and