2017年高考英语一轮复习 语法专题 第四讲 代词、It的用法 新人教版

第四讲代词、It的用法

一、代词考点透析

1．人称代词的主格、宾格，两种物主代词及反身代词。

人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格作宾语。形容词性物主代词作定语，即其后必须有一个名词。名词性物主代词在句中的作用相当于一个名词，可作主语、宾语、表语等，其后没有名词。反身代词在主语、宾语、表语后作这些成分的同位语，意为“亲自”、“亲眼”、“某某本人”。在语法填空中，这个知识点出现的频率相当高。如：

(1)It was John himself that put him in trouble.

是约翰本人自找麻烦。

(2)You can believe me.I saw it myself．

你可以相信我，我亲眼看见的。

2．one，ones，the one，that，those可以代替前面出现的名词，以避免重复。one＝a＋名词单数，the one＝the＋名词单数，that＝the＋名词单数。ones，those代替前面的名词复数，those ＝the＋名词复数。one，ones前可以有形容词修饰。如：

(1)I don't like this skirt.I like the red one.

我不喜欢这条裙子，我喜欢那条红色的。

(2)I'm planning to buy a house.I'd like one with a garden.

我正计划买房子，我想买座带花园的。

(3)The population in Guangzhou is bigger than that in Changsha.

广州人口比长沙多。

(4)I prefer the apples in the basket to those in the box.

我宁愿要篮子里的苹果，也不愿要那些盒子里的苹果。

3．none，nothing，nobody(no one)的区别。

none既可指人，也可指物，且表特指概念，回答how many，how much等问题；nobody(no

one)只能指人，且表泛指概念，常回答who引起的问题；nothing只能指物，常回答what 引起的问题。另外，no one后不带of短语，none后可带of短语。

4．few，a few，quite a few，many修饰可数名词；little，a little，quite a little，much修饰不可数名词。

5．another，the other，others，other，the others的区别。

another泛指另一个；the other特指两个中的另一个；others泛指“其他”，后不带名词；other后带名词复数；the others指特定范围中其他的人或物，后不带名词。如：

(1)This coat doesn't fit me.Will you show me another?

这外套不合身，请拿另一件给我看看好吗？

(2)Thirty students in our class are girls，and the others are boys.

我们班三十人是女生，其余的是男生。

6．注意下列句型：

One...the other...

一个……另一个……

Some...others...and still others...

有的……有的……还有的……

7．not 与all，everybody，everyone，everything等连用，或“not every＋名词”结构，都表示部分否定。如：

(1)Not all the students agree with this opinion.

并非每个学生都同意这个观点。

(2)Not everyone is interested in football.

并不是每个人都对足球感兴趣。

(3)Not every boy likes smoking.

不是每个男孩都喜欢吸烟。

8．everyone表示某一范围内的每个人，anyone意为任何人。如：

Everyone of Class 17 is for the idea to go outing.

17班的每个人都赞成郊游。

Anyone with common sense knows it is impossible.

任何有常识的人都知道这是不可能的。

强化训练一

Ⅰ.按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求，在空白处填上适当的代词。

1．When I was a child in 1970s，my family was very poor，just like other average families in the countryside.The second­hand clothes，rain­leaking roof of old house became part of________memory.

2．In the early years of 1980s...my childhood dream came true.And then，________dream became clearer and clearer in my mind.I must try my best to escape out of my poor and backward hometown.

3．The little boy pulled________right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it.

4．He seldom finished his work because he repeatedly checked with me to be sure he hadn't made a mistake.I tried my best to build up________self­confidence.

5．Old people should be treated as fine gold. They may be gradually tarnished(失去光泽) by age，but they can be polished with respect.You might be surprised by________bright and shining qualities.

6．An increase in employment opportunities for women would increase________household power，the report said.

7．If you don't put________heart into studies，you tend to fall behind the ________students in your class.

8．Do you want me to come________Friday or next Friday?

9．I think you'll find________chairs more comfortable than those ones.

10．________ student caught cheating in examinations will be severely punished.

11．Some of my classmates are diligent while the ________ones are quite lazy.

12．God helps________people who help themselves.

13．Which style do you prefer？This one or ________one?

14．The eraser was passed from one student to ______one and it finally returned to the teacher.

15．I pay a visit to my relatives every two months.That's to say, I visit my relatives every________month.