词汇与语法-第3讲(词汇--名词-代词-主谓一致)

3. What they said _____ us much to think about. （2004年真题）
A. have left B. has left
词汇与语法 第3讲
名词&主谓一致
语法部分
《考试大纲》对语法的要求：
1. 名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法 2. 动词的基本时态、语态的构成及其用法； 3. 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法； 4. 常用连接词、冠词的词义及其用法； 5. 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的构成及其用法； 6. 虚拟语气的构成及其用法； 7. 各类从句的构成及其用法； 8. 强调句型的结构及其用法； 9. 常用倒装句的结构及其用法。
15. 1)由who, why, how, whether等wh-词引导的 名词性分句作主语，其后的动词通常用单数。
Who will be chosen to the Beijing is not decided.
2).两个由and连接的并列名词性分句作主语， 如果主语表示两件事情，动词用复数。例如：
用砖头建的房子比用木头建的结实。
名词&代词
练习 1. I don’t know _____ standing over there. A. the girl’s name B. the name’s girl C. the name of the girl D. the name’s of girl
What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.
主谓一致------真题回顾
1. The educator and scholar Shanghai. （2003年真题）
A. come B. comes
A. stander-by B. standers-by C. stander-bys D.standers-bys
真题回顾
名词&代词
1. I respect Oprah’s opinion, but I would also like her to respect____.
A. my own B. mine’s C. m√ine D. me
重点语法及答题技巧点拨
① 名词、代词（第三讲）、冠词、连词、数词特殊 用法
② 主谓一致-(真题回顾) （第三讲） ③ 动词时态（第四讲） ④ 虚拟语气、倒装句（第五讲）、非谓语动词、强
调句（第六讲） 、从句、反义疑问句（第七讲） ⑤ 副词,介词(短语),动词短语 ⑥ 比较级，最高级
名词&代词 对名词，代词的考察主要包括： ① 不可数名词量的表示（P196）； ② 名词所有格； ③ 反身代词，不定代词 ④ 主谓一致（考察名词代词常与主谓一致相结合）
No one but the teachers ___i_s_ (be) allowed to use the room.
5．一些集果指其中的成员，谓语用 复数．
如audience, committee，class, crew, family, government, public等.
A.√us B. our C. we D. ours
4. There are 40 teachers in this school , ten of whom are _____.
A.man teachers B. men teacher
C. man teacher D. men t√eachers
What a life the poor _w_e_r_e (be) living!
The young _a_r_e (be) happy to give their seats to the old.
9．who, which, that 作定语从句的主语时， 其谓语取决于先行词。
Those who want to go should sign your names here.
__A_r_e__ (be) either you or he going to attend the meeting?
4. 主语后有as well as, like, with, together with, but, except, besides,等，谓语应于前面 主语保持一致．
A professor, together with some students, __w__as_ (be) sent to help in the work.
At Christmas each boy and each girl ___is__(be) given a present.
3. 两个主语由not only…but also, or, either…or, neither…nor 等连接时，谓语动词与第二个主 语保持一致．
Either he or I __a_m__ (be) to go there.
6．表示时间、重量、长度等名词，尽管 是复数形式，但作为一个整体看，谓语 还是用单数。
Five minutes __is__ (be) enough.
One dollar and seventy eight cents _i_s (be) what she has.
7. all 作为主语，代表人物时，一般用作复 数；代表整个事件或情况时，一般看作单 数。
C. is coming D. are coming
from
2. Many a ____ realized that this doesn’t make any sense. （2003年真题）
A. persons has
B. persons have
C. person has
D. person have
This kind of man annoys me.
但若在kind/sort/type之前的限定词是these/those, 同时，of-词组中的名词又是复数，则动词用复 数：
These kinds of men annoy me.
Those types/sorts of machines are up to date (最新 的，最近的，现代的).
Most of the members _w__e_re__ there.
All of the cargo __w_a_s__ lost.
All of the crew _w_e_r_e__ saved.
14.如果主语是由“a kind/sort/type of ,this kind/sort/type of +名词”构成，动词用单数。
但people, police等只能用复数．
My family ___i_s _ (be) a big family. My family __a_re__ (be) listening to the radio.
The police _a_r_e_ (be) trying to catch the thief.
11.还有一些以-s接的单、复数同形的名词，如: headquarters(总部), means(方法、手段), series(系列), species(种类), works(工厂)等，随 后动词的单、复数形式取决于这些名称是作 单数，还是用作复数。
A headquarters was set up to direct the operation (指挥作战).
主谓一致
（考察名词代词常与主谓一 致相结合）
１．两个或两个以上做主语的单数名词用and连接， 谓语用复数．
Tom and Dick __a_r_e___ (be) good friends. 但若表示一个集合体时则用单数。
A singer and dancer _w__a_s__ (be) present at the party. The worker and writer i_s__ (be) talking to the students.
名词&代词
of 所有格名词词组第二次出现时，用 that/those 代替。
The population of New York is greater than that of Chicago. It seems that the students of USA are more active than those of China.
2．用 and 连接的两个名词若被 no, each, every, many a 修饰，则谓语动词用单数。
No bird and no beast ___i_s__ (be) seen in the bare island.
Many a boy and many a girl ___h_as__ (have) made such a funny experiment.
The only means to achieve success is to appeal to arms (诉诸武力).
12.如果作主语的名词词组由“分数(或百分 数)+of-词组”构成，其动词形式依of-词组中名 词类别而定。
Over sixty percent of the city _w_a_s_ (be) destroyed in the war. Thirty-five percent of the doctors __w_e_re__ (be) women.
2. ____ is a great pity that there are some disagreements in the school board meeting.
A. That B. This C.√It D. There
名词&代词
3. We like our English teacher because she often tells ______ funny stories in class.
13.如果主语是all of ...,some of ...,none of ...,half of ...,most of ...等表示非确定数量的名词词组， 其后的动词形式依of-词组中的名词类别而定。 例如：
Most of the money _w_a_s__ recovered by Deputy Player.
All that I want ___i_s_ (be) a good dictionary.
All _w_e_re_/_a_re(be) silent. 人人都缄口无言。万籁俱寂。
All _w_e_re_/_a_re(be) out of danger.
8． 形容词加定冠词 the 表示一类人 时，谓语动词用复数。
Mary and Linda’s book Mary’s and Linda’s books.
人名+’s=某人的店铺，家庭，学校等地点。 I usually buy some meat at the Johnson’s. They took part in the birthday party at Tom’s.
He is one of the students who have passed the exam.
He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.
10. 以-ics结尾的学科名称通常作单数.
physics(物理学)、 mathematics(数学)、 mechanics(机械学)、 politics(政治学)、 statistics(统计学)、 economics(经济学)等
2. Today’s libraries differ great from _______. A. the past B. those of the past C. that are past D. those past
3. The police investigate the ______ about the bank robbery.