词义处理

一词多义
• Run • He ran a mile in four minutes. • The butter will run if you put it near the fire. • Thr colors of your shirts ran when I washed it. • His parents run a small hotel.
词汇的关联意义
•1.文化意义
• 东风--------西风（Ode to the West Wind） • 夏天-------Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate • It was Friday and soon they’d go out and get drunk. • 红楼梦-----“谋事在人，成事在天”，咱们谋到 了，靠菩萨的保佑，有些机会也未可知------• Man proposes,heaven disposes.Work out a plan,trust to Buddha,and something may come of it for all you know.
一词多义
• Green • He is a green hand . • Do you see any green in my eye? • Overlook • Our garden is overlooked from the neighbor’s balcony. • Her services have been overlooked by her superiors. • Mother overlooked her little son’s fault. • He did not know he was being overlooked by the landlord.
一词多义
• 1.head • He has a good head for mathematics. • Where are you heading for? • His report was headed“Ways of Preventing “ Industrial Accidents”. • The dinner cost us five dollars a head • Prick with the head of a needle.
一词多义
• 例句：I can can the can. • 不适当的翻译 • He made some routine observations upon the unhealthy effect of the bight breeze at that season. • A welfare client is sopposed to cheat.Everybody expects it. • There needs to be a lawyer who can act as a champion for the rights of welfare clients.
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词汇的关联意义
• 2.文体意义（一个词汇在不同的文体中所具 有的独特意义；一个词本身所具有的文体 特征） • 唯心主义 • We acknowledge receipt of your enquiry of August 2.-----我们收到了你们8月2日的询问； 8月2日 询盘收悉
词汇的关联意义
一词多义
• School • Experience was his school. • A school of whales swam past the ship. • There is a new school of thought about this. • Book • The Book a book of matches • Her face was an open book. • It’s a sealed book to me. • She is a book-keeper.
词汇的关联意义
• 即使是同一个词或词组，由于上下文不同 也会产生不同的感情意义 • As luck would have it, no one was hurt when the boiler exploded.幸运的是，锅炉爆炸时刚好没 伤着人 • As luck would have it, we were caught in a heavy rain.真倒霉，我们偏偏碰上了一场大雨
词义处理
• 单词意义可分两种：概念意义和关联意义 （conceptual meaning and associative meaning）关 联意义-----------（文化意义；情感意义；文 体意义） • Pen 笔；畜栏；雌天鹅；监狱；--------引申---------作家；文笔；畜栏里的畜禽 • Dragon ：概念意义（a mythical monster traditionally represented as a gigantic reptile having a lion’s claws,the tail of serpent,wings,and a scanly skin）;情感意义（可怕地，作恶的）
词汇的关联意义
• Politician------statesman(A stateman is an important and experiencd politician,especially one who is widely known and respected) • Individualism----个人主义 • Liberalism-----自由主义 • Intellectual----知识分子 • Peasant-----农民
•3.感情意义
• 唯物主义--------materialism • Materialism is the belief that only physical matter exists, and that there is no spiritual world. • Materialism is the attitude of someone who attaches a lot of importance to money and wants to possess a lot of materal things.
词汇的关联意义
•4.搭配意义
• 红茶-----black tea • Black coffee----浓咖啡 浓茶------strong tea 浓茶 雨后春笋----spring up like mushrooms 多如牛毛-----as plentiful as blackberries 挥金如土------spend money like water birthday suit; free love; National Trust