初中英语同义句转换的九种类型教学内容

中考英语同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面：

一、运用同义词（组）进行转换

用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换，注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如：

1. That day we could see flowers here and there.

That day we could see flowers __________.

答案：everywhere

解析：everywhere与here and there都表示“到处”。

2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.

The teacher always______ _____the children well in the school.

答案：looks after

解析：take good care of与look after…well都表示“好好照顾”。二、运用反义词（组）的否定式进行转换

即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思，主要考查学生对反义词（词组）的积累和换位思维的能力。如：

1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.

It’s clear that this visit is not the___ ___last time.

答案：same as

解析：be different from意为“与……不同”；the same as意为“与……相同”，其否定式与be different from同义。

2. I think wealth is less important than health.

I ___ think wealth is ___ important than health.

答案：为don’t，more

解析：less important的意思是“没有（不及）……重要”；more important 的意思是“（比）……更重要”，该结构与not连用，则表示“不比……更重要”。

另外，有的反义词即使不与否定词连用，而只需改变句子结构也可构成同义句。如：

He lent some money to his friend.

He friend ___ some money ___ him.

答案为borrowed，from

解析：borrow…from...意为“向……借……”；lend…to...意为“把……借给……”。两个结构意思相反，但若变换“借出者”与“借入者”的位置，则可转换为同义句。

三、运用不同语态进行转换

即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词，但此时要特别注意时态、动词一致性。如：

1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.

Library books should____ ____ ____ on time.

答案：be given back

解析：被动句中含有情态动词should，因此助动词用be。

2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.

It is widely accepted that computers ____ widely ___ in the world today.

答案为are，used

解析：computers是复数名词，助动词用are。

四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换

即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换，此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如：

1. The manager left two hours ago.

The manager _____ ____ ____ for two hours.

答案:has been away

解析：leave为非延续性动词，不能与for two hours这样的一段时间连用，而改成be away这样的延续性动词后，则可连用一段时间。2. The film began five minutes ago.

The film has been _____ _____ five minutes.

答案：on for

解析：has been提示时态是现在完成时态，“for 时间段”表示“持续（一段时间）”，常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。

3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.

Mr Li _____ _____ _____ the Party for twenty years.

答案：has been in

解析：短暂动词join，意为“参加、加入（组织，政党）”，不能与延续时间状语连用，与延续性时间状语连用时，将join改成be in或be

a member in…。

五、运用不同引语进行转换

即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变化。如：

1.“I’ve found my wallet,”he said to me.

He _________ me that he _________ _________ his wallet.

答案：told，had found

解析：此题是将直接引语转换成间接引语。

2. “Did you see her last week?”he said.

He _______ _______ I had seen her the week _______.

答案：asked if/ whether, before

解析：此题是将疑问句的直接引语转换成间接引语。

六、简单句与复合句之间的转换

即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如：1. We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining.

We didn’t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.

答案：because of

解析：将原因状语从句because it was raining改为表示原因的介词短语because of the rain。

2. He was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep.

He was ______ ______ ______ go to sleep.

答案：too excited to

解析：将so…that…换成too…to…结构，原句的that从句为结果状语从句，改写句中的不定式仍表结果。