毕业设计论文--镗床主轴套筒加工工艺

摘要

主轴套筒就是镗床的关键零件之一，套筒中间安装镗床主轴，它的精度将会直接影响到镗床的精度以及其加工精度。所以它的精度要求较高，尤其尺寸精度、形位精度和表面粗糙度。

为此在加工内孔和外圆表面时能很好保证它的加工质量，在加工的最后安排了研磨工序，在加工齿条时为能保证齿条的齿间距，就要求有很好的分度，为此专为铣齿工序设计了加工所用的专用夹具，此外在镗床主轴套筒的机械加工工艺过程中，为了改善工件的切削性能、消除工件内应力、改善工件材料的力学性能和提高工件表面性能等，在整个加工过程中先后安排了调质、高温时效、氮化和定性处理等热处理工序，并在最后具体安排各项精度的检测及检测方法。

本论文主要为由三大部分组成，第一部分简单介绍了机械加工工艺的相关概念、原则、步骤等；第二部分重点针对T6145镗床主轴套筒加工工艺进行研究，并编制出合理的加工文艺文件；第三部分是对主轴套筒的铣齿加工设计专用夹具。

关键词：镗床；套筒；机械加工；工艺

Abstract

Spindle sleeve is one of the key components of borer, In the middle of spindle is installed the borer spindle, whose accuracy will directly affect the precision of the whole borer and the working accuracy of the borer. Therefore, high accuracy is demanded, especially size accuracy, form accuracy ,rough degree.

To well ensure the processing quality when processing the inner hole and the surface of outer circle, grinding processes are arranged in the final process. Besides, to ensure its space width when processing the rack, good graticule is required. So special fixtures used in processing are designed for gear milling. In addition ,in the mechanical process of the borer spindle sleeve, a series of heat treatment processes such as quenching and tempering, high-temperature aging, nitriding technique are arranged in sequence during the whole working process, including specific arrangements for the accuracy of the final test and inspection methods, which can improve the cutting performance of the workpiece, eliminate internal stress, improve the mechanical properties of workpiece material and enhance surface properties.

The thesis consists of three major parts. The first part gives a brief introduction of the concepts, principles and procedures related to machining process. The second part is focused on the processing technique research of T6145 borer spindle sleeve and figuring out a reasonable literary documentation of processing technique. The third part is to design specific fixtures for gear milling of the spindle sleeve.

Key words:，Borer , Sleeve, Machining , Process

目录

第一章绪论 (1)

第二章工艺规程及方法简介 (2)

第一节工艺规程基本概念 (2)

一、工艺规程的作用 (2)

二、机械加工工艺过程的组成 (2)

三、工艺规程的设计原则 (3)

四、工艺规程设计所需原始资料 (3)

第二节加工工艺规程设计方法 (3)

一、机械加工工艺规程设计的内容步骤 (3)

二、工艺路线的拟订 (4)

第三章T6145镗床主轴套筒加工工艺设计 (9)

第一节零件图分析 (9)

一、结构特点 (9)

二、技术要求 (10)

第二节生产类型的确定 (12)

第三节毛坯的选择 (13)

第四节选择定位基准 (13)

一、选择精基准和确定夹紧方案 (13)

二、选择粗基准和确定夹紧方案 (15)

第五节拟定套筒的工艺路线 (15)

一、加工阶段的划分 (15)

二、确定各表面的加工方法 (15)

三、加工顺序安排 (19)

四、热处理工序及表面处理工序的安排 (19)

五、其他工序的安排 (21)

六、工序过程安排 (21)

七、确定套筒程工序加工余量及工序尺寸 (22)

第六节机床设备和工艺装备的选择。 (24)

一、机床设备的选择 (24)