颈动脉支架术后再狭窄的处理

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The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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病例讨论一
第一次住院:2014年11月23日
• 患者张××,男,66岁 • 主诉:因“反应迟钝一天”入院。 • 既往有“高血压病”史多年,有长期烟酒嗜好。 • 查体:神志清楚,反应迟钝,混合性失语。记忆力、计算力欠佳。 • NIHSS评分4分
02
再次
3*20mm 球囊预扩 置入保护 伞
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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置入6*20mm球扩支架
• 术后左侧肢体肌力恢复至5-级
• NIHSS评分6分
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
左颈C1段动脉瘤
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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CTP:双侧无明显差别
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
药物预防
• 抗血小板药物:血小板活化在ISR发生和发展过程中起着重要作用,但 血小板药物对ISR的预防作用与其对血小板功能的抑制程度并不成正比。 • 他汀类药物:除具有降血脂作用外,还可改善内皮作用,具有抑制血 管平滑肌增殖、迁移和预防ISR作用。 • 缬沙坦:血管紧张素Ⅱ可通过生长因子促进再狭窄发生,血管紧张素 Ⅱ1型受体拮抗药能通过抑制血管紧张素Ⅱ与血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体结 合,抑制再狭窄发生,多项临床试验均显示,口服缬沙坦能降低ISR发 生率。 • 吡格列酮:糖尿病患者在裸金属支架置入后,起到降糖和减轻ISR的作 用。
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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MRI
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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MRA
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
• 入院后2小时症状进行性加重
• 左侧上、下肢肌力0级
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
急查多模式MRI
• CBV:轻度增高;CBF:明显下降;MTT及TTP稍延长;PWI明显大于 DWI The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University • 判断:脑梗死前期Ⅰ2-Ⅱ1期
颈动脉支架术后再狭窄的处理
01
百度文库定义
目录
CONTENTS
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病例讨论
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预防和治疗
01
定义
• 颈动脉支架后再狭窄(in-stent restenosis,ISR): 是指支架置入术后在支架处或支架边缘5mm范 围内发生的>50%的管腔狭窄。 • 当支架置入后发生再狭窄或参与狭窄>50%时, 发生缺血性卒中风险显著增高。
架内血栓形成的发生率。
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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讨论——ISR的预防和治疗
目前治疗ISR的方法很多,但尚缺乏具有明显优势的治疗方式。
经皮腔内血管成形术;
重复CAS; 支架取出后行CEA。
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MRA
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
DSA
RAV
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
RVA开口球扩支架4*13mm植入
02
复查
患者经治疗后症状好转出院 四天后 NIHSS评分5分
七天后
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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病例讨论二
患者陈××,男,63岁
主诉:因“反应迟钝三天”入院。
既往有“高血压病”史多年,八年前有“脑出血”病史,无 明显后遗症。 查体:神志清楚,口齿尚 清。记忆力、计算力欠佳,右侧 上下肢肌力5-级。
RICA支架植入
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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三个月后查头颈部CTA
右颈支架上段扩张不良,管腔重度狭窄 左颈C1段动脉瘤
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
LVA开口球扩支架3.5*13mm植入
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
左侧颈动脉
植入9*40mm自膨式支架
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
RCCA
LVA
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
LCCA
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
LVA支架植入
02
2017.09.29复查造影
RICA侧位 RICA正位支架影
侧位支架影
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
2017.09.29复查造影
RVA正位 RVA侧位
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
彩色多普勒:RCCA、LCCA斑块形成, RICA内径较窄,LICA血流速度慢 存在脑大动脉 狭窄?
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
DSA-2016.09.08
RVA
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
2017.09.29复查造影
LICA正位 正位支架影 LICA侧位 侧位支架影
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
2017.09.29复查造影
LVA正位
LICA-3D检查
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术后第二天复查CT
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术后一周,患者出现夜间烦躁、精神症状,伴左肢肌力稍下降
停用抗血小板药物 加强脱水治疗
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
RVA-V2段球扩支架4*13mm植入
LVA
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
2017.09.29复查造影
LVA正位 正位支架影 LVA侧位
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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讨论——ISR的预防和治疗
药物涂层支架
• 不足:药物涂层支架在阻止平滑 肌细胞增殖和减少再狭窄发生的 同时,也会阻止血管内皮细胞增 殖。导致内皮化延迟,进而引起 局部慢性炎症反应和增高远期支
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MRA
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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急诊介入手术
3*20mm 球囊预扩
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University

其他:如颈动脉旁路移植术、近距离放射治疗以及裸金属支架置入术等。
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
NIHSS评分1分
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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MRI
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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颈部血管B超
02
右侧颈动脉
植入9*40mm自膨式支架
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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两年后,再次入院(2016-09-18)
主诉:不能言语伴左侧肢体活动障碍2小时 查体:左侧上下肢肌力5-级 NIHSS评分6分
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首先置入5*20mm球扩支架
再予4*20mm球囊后扩
后于外院行左侧颈内动脉支架(LEO)植入术
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
2017.09.29复查造影
RICA正位
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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2016.12.14——二次手术
LCCA(C1动脉瘤)
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
02
RCCA
The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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