第十一讲 读写任务概要(summary)导练

第11讲读写任务概要（summary）导练【考纲解读】

概述文章的大意，提炼文章的语言，将作者写作的意图，文章的主要观点和内容用自己的话概括出来

【注意事项】“五定三忌”

定体裁；定主题；定时态；

定人称；定技巧。

忌照抄原文；忌私加观点；

忌不符字数。

【重点难点】

一：记叙文

方法点拨：串连要素法

记叙文的概要, 一般包括记叙文的六个要素(who; when; where; what; how; why), 也就是考生应先通读阅读短文，找出这六个要素,然后用自己的话将这六个要素串成一两句话即可。

当然, 不一定每篇记叙文都包含这六个要素,但“某人做了某事, 结果如何”是应当包括的。因此, 要写好概要, 须找到以下两个问题的答案：

(1) 谁做了什么？(who did what)

(2) 结果如何？(what was the result)

如果是夹叙夹议的文章, 还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育。

[典型例题] (2011年广东)

阅读下面短文, 然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

When Samfirst got to his boarding school with his parents, he was very happy. He thought he would be able to go home every weekend. When he was told he would not, he started crying because the thought of not seeing his parents was driving him crazy.He was given uniforms and all other things that he would need for the term. He started crying when it was time for his parents to leave. He was then taken to the dorm, where he saw other children happy. He tried as much as he could to fit in but could not because his mind was at home. He started feeling homesick(想家)and wanted to go homes as soon as possible.

He got sick soon because he could not eat the school food. He could not concentrate in the classroom. All he could think was being at home with his family. He had no mobile phone or other means to get in touch with his parents. He was angry and felt lonely. He thought his parents hated him and that was why they left him in a boarding school.

解题过程

第一步, 根据［写作内容2］, 快速获取大意。解题前, 可以通过［写作内容2］和材料文体,快速准确地把握阅读材料的主要内容并形成概要的基本框架。如本题阅读［写作内容2］,并扫视材料可知是记叙文, 于是可推知,本文的概要框架应是：Sam想家的时间、地点、原因、影响和结果。

第二步：阅读材料，回答以下两个问题。

(1) 谁做了什么？Sam got to a boarding school and he felt homesick.

(2) 结果如何？He got sick. He was angry with his parents and felt lonely.

第三步：用自己的话将其串联起来。参考范文如下：

范文1：Sam could not get used to the life of the boarding school, and he thought his parents hated him and left him in it, which made him sick, angry and lonely.

范文2：In the passage, the writer talks about Sam’s experience of homesickness. He suffered a lot and felt dissatisfied with his parents after being left in a boarding school.

[课堂练习]

阅读下面短文, 然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。

On a recent Sunday, I was buying groceries in a supermarket when I heard the sound of a car accident. It was close but not very close, so I continued shopping.

As I took a right turn on Munadhama Street, I saw a man lying on the ground in a small pool of blood. He wasn’t dead。

The idea of stopping to help or to take him to a hospital crossed my mind, but I didn’t dare. Cars passed without stopping. Pedestrians and shop owners kept doing what they were doing, pretending nothing had happened.

I was still looking at the wounded man and blaming myself for not stopping to help. Other shoppers peered at him from a distance, sorrowful and sympathetic, but did nothing.

I went on to another grocery store, staying for about five minutes while shopping for tomatoes, onions and other vegetables. During that time, the man managed to sit up and wave to passing cars.

No one stopped. No one did anything. No one lifted a finger.

The wounded died alone in the street. The only reaction came from a woman in the grocery store. In a low voice, she said, “My God, bless his soul.”

An offer of aid could have saved the man’s life.

二：说明文

方法点拨：我们根据说明文的不同类型, 分别给出三种参考模板：

1. 描写某事物的性质功用。即“对象+性质功用+利好”：

(In the passage) the writer introduces... (对象)to us, especially its...(性质或功用), from which we know...(对象带来的利好).

2. 针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题+解决方法”：

The passage tells us...(问题), including...(方法1), ...(方法2)and...(方法3).

3. 介绍某现象及其原因和结果。即“现象+原因+结果”：

(The author/writer said/talks about)...(现象)of..., because /but...(原因/本质1), and... (原因/本质2).

※特别提醒：在高考读写任务中, 多为说明某种社会现象的说明文。