初中介词学案

介词学案
一、介词的主要分类：A.时间介词B.地点方位C.介词方式介词D.固定搭配
（一）．时间介词
1) 时间三姐妹 at, on, in
1.at six o’clock, at noon, at the age of
表示具体_________或具体___________用 at
2. on March 21st, on Sunday, on Sunday morning, on a cold evening …
表示在具体的___________ 或___________某一天上,下午,晚上用 on
3. in May, in summer, in 2010, in a century…
表示大于一天的时间如___,____,____,______用in
还有: in the morning, in the afternoon , in the evening 泛指在早上/下午/晚上也用 in
2）时间的前后 before, after
Eg.1.Spring comes ______ summer.
2.I go home _____ 4:55 p.m. every day
3) 时间的起点 from, since 从……(起) 自…以来
1.We study at school _______ Monday to Friday.
2.______ eight years ago, I have worked in Longtou .
4) 时间的期间 for, during
for +一段时间：(做某事)多久
during+一段时间：在……期间
考点练习
A: I was born ____ Children’s Day
B: I was born _____the morning of September 1st,1993.
C: I was born _____ June,1994
常考的短语：
1.在…岁时 ____ the age of
2. 有时 ____ times
3.开始,在…起初 ____ the beginning of
4. 此刻 ____ the moment = now
5.从…到… _____…___…
6.下课/放学/下班后 ____class/school/work
7.在圣诞节 _____Christmas Day
8.过了一会儿 _______ a while
B. 表示地点,方位的介词
1.at the village , at home, 在____地方用at
at the corner of the street
2.in Shanghai , in the country, in Asia,
in the world, in space…在____地方用in
3. in the box, on the chair, under the desk, next to Kate, on the right
of Lucy, in front of the house, behind the door…在不同位置用具体_______ 几组意思相近的介词的用法：
1.In 和on的用法
不属于树本身的东西,用 ______ :树上长出来的东西 ,用_____
2.Go through 和go across的用法
_________指从物体空间内穿过. _________从物体表面穿过
练习：
1.The sunshine come into the room ___ the
window.
A. across
B. through
C. past
2.You can go ___ the road here.
A. across
B. through
C. past
3.Can you swim ____ the river.
A. across
B. through
C. past
3. between 和 among
在两者之间，用______；在三者或者三者以上之间______
4. in front of 和 in the front of
在……(外部的)前面，用___________; 在……(内部的)前面 ___________;
5. 表方位 in ,on, to
在…范围内,用_____;两地有接壤, _____;两地无接壤_____;
练习
1.China lies ___the east of Asia and ___the
north of Australia.
A. in, on
B. in ,to
C. to, in
2.Mongolia is ___the north of China.
A. in
B. on
C. to
(1). Japan is ___ the east of Asia.
(2). Japan is ___ the east of China.
(3). Korea is ___ the northeast of China
地点介词练一练：
1.在广州 _______ Guangzhou
2.在电影院 _______ the cinema
3.树上的苹果 apples ______ the tree
4.树上的小鸟 birds ______ the tree
5.在农场上 ________ the farm
C.方式介词
①(使)用某种语言
②用……的方式
③in +服装,颜色表示穿什么颜色的衣服
①使用人体器官做某事
②使用某一工具
③使用(利用)某材料(金钱等)
We go to school by bike/bus/car/ ship/plane…
by常接 _________ ,表示通过某种方式做某事. 注意: 步行是 _________. 通过某种手段或方式
在表达”乘……”时,还可用介词on/in
by bus=on a/the bus; by plane= on a/the plane
四.固定搭配:
练习（头脑风暴）
1.到达 arrive ___/___a place
2.找出 find ___
3. 与---相处 get on _____
4.害怕 be afraid __ sth.
5.放弃 give ___
6.对---愤怒 be angry ____ sb.
7.上交 hand ___
8.忙于做某事 be busy _____ sth.
9.为---做准备 be ready ___
10.装满 be full __
11.对-----有好处 be good ___
12.对------感兴趣 be interested _____
几组意思相近的介词精讲：
1.be made of +原料由……制成(看出原材料)
2. be made from+原料由……制成(看不出原材料)
3.be made in +地由某地制造
4.be made by sb. 由某人制成
1.be used by 被……使用
2. be used as 被当作…使用
3.be used to do 被用来做某事
4.be used to doing 习惯于做某事。