Deterioration of Water Ballast Tank Coating Systems by Active Substances in Ballast Water
01 - BWM Convention 压载公约
MEPC.252(67) BWM.2/Circ.42/Rev.1
PSC Guidelines for BWM was adopted at MEPC 67, to be used in association with BWM.2/Circ.42/Rev.1 – Sampling and Analysis Guidance for Trial Use
Seriously affecting human health, cause damage to local aquatic life and local economies 严重地影响人类建康，破坏当地水中生物，环境生态，与地区经济
The effects costs millions of dollars to deal with each year 从而带来每年千万美元以上的损失
Implementation dates in BWM 2004 are different, and part of contents are not relevant, hence A.1088(28) need to be amended, so as BWM 2004 in due course
Management System (AMS) – as of 19 May 2016 到 2016年 5月 19日，USCG接受了57 套压载水处理系统为“替代处理系统” (AMSor IMO type approved BWTS: using UV technology – 27, using electrolysis – 16 得到 IMO 型式认可的BWTS ： 使用紫外线 – 27，使用电解 – 16
Xian Dong ZHANG
张晓东
船舶轮机英语单词总结
船舶轮机英语单词总结A layer of lubricant 润滑层abrasive 有磨蚀的accommodation 住舱accommodation ladder 舷梯accommodation 居住舱室Accomplish 完成，达到，实现activate 使活动，起动Adjustment 调整Administrative offices 管理办公室adopt 采用advantage 优势，优点，效益应用affect 影响Aforesaid 上述的，前述的（常用于法律文件）aft ballast tank 艉压载舱Aggregate 合计，总计air cushion craft 气垫船air draught 水面上高度air pipes，sounding pipes and overflow pipes 空气管、测量管和溢流管路alarm 警报器alkalinity 碱度，碱性all duties pump 总用泵alloy 合金alternative 替换物，选择对象alternator 交流发电机aluminum 铝Aluminum 铝among 在……之中Analyze 分析anchor 锚anchor arrangement 锚泊设备anchor bell 锚钟anchor hoisting winch 起锚绞车anchor light 锚灯Anchorage 锚地Anchor-heaving trial 抛锚试验anti-corrosive oil 防腐油Aperture 孔，穴Applicant 申请者Applicant 申请者application 应用application 应用，运用Approach 方法，步骤，途径Appurtenance 辅助的设备，附属设备，配件Aptitude （特殊）才能，适应性Arbitration 仲裁around 在……周围，绕过arrangement 布置，安排，装置，方案aspect 方面Assembly line 装配（流水）线Assembly 装配assembly 组件，组装Assign 分配，指派assigning 确定，指派assist 帮助，协助atmospheric 大气的atomization 雾化attach 缚，系，附，归属attached pump （主机）附带泵attractive 吸引人的，引起注意的audible 听得见的automobile n. 汽车auxiliary engine 发动机auxiliary pump 辅助泵axial flow pump轴流泵axial flow 轴流式axial plunger pump轴流柱塞泵axial 沿轴的，轴的axis 轴balance 平衡Balance 平衡ballast （船等）压载物ballast pump 压载泵ballast tank 压载舱barge 驳船barge-carrier 载驳货船be adjacent to 靠近，接近be attached to 附属于Be built to order 按定单建造，按定货单制作be confined to 被限于……be divided into 分成be made up of…由……构成bearing 轴承bedplate 基座bell 钟，罩Bench work 钳工Bid 投标bilge piping and ballast piping 舱底水与压载管系bilge piping system of cargo pump rooms and cofferdams 货泵舱和隔离空舱舱底水系统bilge pump 舱底水泵bilge 舭bilge 舱底（水）bilge 舱底，船舱积水Bind 约束blade 叶片，桨叶blank 隔开、封着，使无效Blast 喷丸（除锈）blind-flange 盲板法兰Block 墩木，块，阻塞block 块boat deck 艇甲板Body plan 横剖型线图，正面线图body 主体boiler feed and blow off pipes 锅炉给水和泄放管boiler fuel oil system 锅炉燃油系统Bollard test，dock trial 系泊试验bolt 螺栓，用螺栓固定boom length 吊杆长度boom 吊杆Boom 吊杆boost(er) pump 增压泵bottom dead centre (BDC ) 下止点bow 船首bower anchor 首锚Bracket 支架，托架brake horsepower 制动马力，制动功率brake 制动器，刹车branch 分支，支管brazing 铜焊（接）Bridge crane 行车，桥式起重机bridge deck 驾驶甲板Bridge 桥楼brittle 易碎的，脆弱的bronze 青铜（铜与锡合金）Brozen sleeve 青铜筒套buffer tank 缓冲柜buffer 缓冲器，贮存装置Building basin 船台Building period 建造周期built-in 内装的，机内的，固定的bulk-carrier 散货船bulkhead 舱壁bulkhead pieces 舱壁部分bulkhead 舱壁bulkhead 隔壁，防水壁bulwarks 舷墙Burner 气焊工bursting pressure 爆炸压力by comparison 通过比较cabin deck 起居甲板cable releaser 弃链器cablelifter 锚链轮Calorific 卡的，热量的，发热的calorific 热（量）的，发热的cam clearance 凸轮间隙Camber 拱形cap 盖capstan 绞盘，绞车captain deck 船长甲板carbonaceous 碳的Cargo capacity 载货量，货舱容量，舱容cargo handing gear 起货设备cargo handing productivity 装卸能力cargo oil piping system 货油管系cargo oil suction 吸油口cargo space 货物舱位cargo winch 起货绞车Carpenter 木匠carrier ring 承磨环casing 箱，外壳cast steel chain 铸钢锚链casualty 灾祸，意外catalytic 催化的catamaran 双体船category 类别cause 原因，引起central cooling system 中央冷却系统centralized control 集中控制centrifugal oil separator room 分油机室centrifugal 离心的centrifuge 离心（分油、净油）机centrifuge 离心分离机cetane 十六烷值chain cable compressor ,chain stopper 止链器chain cable 锚链chain link 锚链环chain locker 锚链舱chain pipe 锚链管chain winch 锚链绞车Charge 费用charge 装，充chemical carrier 化学品（运输船）Chipper 风铲工，缺陷修理工chock 塞块，楔型垫chromium 铬circuit 回路，管路，电路circulating lubricating oil tank 滑油循环舱circulating pump 循环泵circulating tank 循环柜Class notation 船级符号Class symbol 入级符号class 等级cleanse 清洗clutch 离合器clutch 离合器cock 开关，龙头Coefficient 系数cofferdam 隔离空舱Collapse 毁坏collecting tank 收集柜Collision 碰撞Combat system 作战系统combustion 燃烧，焚毁，发（点）火commercially 商业上Compact 紧凑的compare 比较，对比Compartment stuffing box 隔舱填料函compartment 隔间，隔室Compass adjuster 罗经校正员compass deck 罗经甲板Compel 强迫compensate 补偿Competitive 竞争的Completion 完成Complex 复杂的，合成的，综合的complexity 复杂，复杂性component 元件，组成元件compound-supercharged diesel engine 复合式增压柴油机compressed air piping system 压缩空气系统compression （发动机，如内燃机中工作液体的）压缩compression pump 压缩泵Compromise 折衷，调和Compulsory 强迫的，强制的，义务的Concrete 混凝土condensate and exhaust steam piping 凝水和乏汽管系Configuration 构造，结构，配置，外形considerable 相当的，大量的constitute 构成construction 结构Consult 咨询Consumable 消耗性的Consumable 消耗物品consumption 消耗，消费contact 接触container 集装箱container ship 集装箱船container ship 集装箱船container 集装箱，容器，壳，罩containerization 货柜运输contamination 污染（物）conventional 常规的，惯例的convey 传递coolant 冷却剂copper n. 铜copper 铜corrosion 腐蚀，锈corrosive 腐蚀（性）的corrosive 腐蚀的，腐蚀性的counteract 克服coupling 联接，联接器，联轴节Course keeping test 航向稳定性试验Craft 船，手工艺Crane operator 起重工crane 克令吊，起货机crane 起重机crankpin 曲柄销Criteria 准则，标准，规范cross 十字的，交叉的crow’s nest 桅上瞭望台crown 冠，顶部，活塞crows nest 瞭望台crude oil 原油cruiser 游船Culminate （与in连用）达到。
建筑工程常用工程词汇
建筑工程常用工程词汇Building Engineering and Construction Vocabulary1.项目管理project management现场管理management施工管理construction management政府报批permitting & approvals监理单位supervisory agent质检站quality inspection station设计院design institute协调coordinatio n质量监督quality monitoring工期控制schedule control /工期跟踪schedule tracking安全控制safety control / safety monitoring安全培训safety training安全手册safety manual / handbook每周例会weekly meeting周报weekly report月报monthly report会议记要meeting minutes通知notice记要(备忘录)MOU / memo (memorandum of understanding) 指令i nstructio n业主指令client instruction工程管理公司指令Consultant's instruction监理单位指令supervisory agent's instruction验收acceptanee inspect!on中间验收hold-point inspection / milestone inspect!on隐蔽工程验收concealed work inspection 竣工验4攵f inal completion inspection会议记要格式meeting minutes template公司信笺company letterhead文件归档archiving / archive文件签收记录单transmittal2.人员和单位roles & staffclient业主业主工程师管理公司总承包公司项目经理施工经理政府报批员上建工程师结构工程师机电工程师安全工程师质检工程师档案笛理员合同经理采购经理die nt engin eer / con suitantproject management company = consultant = engineer gen eral con tractorproject managerconstruction manager / site managergovernment permitting liaisoncivil engineerstructure engineerM&E engineer (mechanical & electrical)safety enginee「quality assuranee / quality control (QA/QC) engineer document controlcon tract man agerprocurement manager / purchasing manager项目控制工程师project controls engineer / manager工地秘书工人分包公司专业分包指定分包供应商政府机构总部site secretaryworkerssub-contractorsspecialist sub-contractor desig nated sub-c on tractor / supplier suppliers / ven dorsauthorities / agents headquarters3.开工准备construction preparation进场做开工准备mobilization preparation场地平整site leveling / land grading'青理腐土彳口植物remove cultivation soil and vegetation / site cleaning受污染上壤受污染水水塘contaminated soilpolluted water / river / air pollution pond碎砖瓦砾，废墟rubble垃圾地形地貌debris / garbage / rubbish / refuse terrain搭建临时设施set up temporary facilities安排施工用水、用电、排污arrange construction power, water; sewage打桩机进场地质条件piling machine move in site geological conditions / terrine开工会议（工程启动会）project kick-off meeting 永久水电permanent r water / power 开工典礼ground-breaking ceremony开工典礼服务公司GBC service agent 搭建主席台/讲台set up a stage / podium横幅汽球临时棚bannerballoons temporary shelter临时停车场/道路temporary parking/roads奠基石comer stone(engraved with project name and ground-breaking date) 土堆铲子奠基仪式出席嘉宾政府官员政府机构施工许可证地质勘探红线图植物/花篮邀请函鞭炮礼花红地毯主持人4亠发言人发言稿礼物晚宴着装要求soil pileshovels / spadeinauguration ceremonyguestsgovernment officialsgovernmentai bureaus / agentsconstruction permitgeo-tech survey / reportred-line map (property-line map)plants/flower bouquetinvitation card / lettercrackers fire work red carpet host speech speaker speech script give-away gifts dinner banquet dress code(晚宴装black tie,商务便装business casual,便装casual)礼仪小姐登记登记薄音响系统麦克风扩音器观众彩排model attendants / waitress / ritual girls registratio n registration book / sing-in book audio system micropho ne loudspeaker audiencerehearsal4・采购purchasing / procurement下泄单交货期place PO (purchasing order) lead time 长交货期材料long lead time items催货海关清关陆地送货运送一批货物卸货仓库库存帐单发票提货单信用证离岸价到岸价expediti ngcustoms clearaneeinland transportationshipping shipment un loading storage / warehouse inven tory invoice / bill receipt / legal receipt Bill of Landing / Cargo Bill Letter of Credit (LC) FOB (Free on Board) CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)5.工地管理site management工地现场管理场地布置第一期第二期施工段分段施工施工区生活区site / job-sitesite managementsite layoutphase Iphase IIsegment / section segmented construction construction zoneliving quarter / living compound物料仓储区material storage / storage yard / logistical center 加工区fabrication yard现场办公室site offices工人宿舍workers' dormitory门卫间保安guardhouse / security guard围墙进场准备临时水、临时排污工地标志安全标志fence / boundary fencesmobilization / preparation for construction 电temporary power & water for construction temporary sewage systemsite sign agesafety signs / warning signs安全生活用具safety equipment安全帽手套安全鞋保险带急救箱担架helmetglovessafety bootssafety tie-back / harness first-aid kit stretcher安全眼镜safety glasses / goggles工作服uniform焊工眼镜而罩welder's mask监工/工头/组长superintendent / foreman安全拉杆safety barrier安全带子safety banner ( yellow banner)吊车驾驶员crane operator生产组construction crew施工记录construction record施工日记daily log进度Progress进度报告Progress report进度付款Progress payment进度表Progress schedule进度趋势Progress trend / forecast晚间巡逻night patrol工期schedule工期表schedule chart (Microsoft Project)结点milestone检查check / inspect验收inspection流程图flow chart / flow diagram施工il•戈|J construction plan / execution plan施工组织计划construction execution plan施工人员组织表site organization chart管理人员management staff工人workers / labor技术人员technical staff / engineers质量员quality inspector日常作业routine operation / daily operation常规施工作业conventional process材料mate「怡Is设备equipment临时堆放区temporary lay-down area / storage生产设备(进口)临时仓库temporary storage for imported production equipment 租赁的仓库leased warehouse租金/月租金rental / monthly rental桩临时堆放区pile storage yard中间验收hold-point inspection评判标准judgment standards完工complete / completion竣工final completion竣工验收 工期延误final acceptance inspect!on scheduledelay 超过预宦工期ahead of schedule 落后预左工期behind of schedule罚款 雨季 penaltyrainy season （5, 6 月）工程验收记录inspection record 隐蔽工程验收记录 concealed work inspection record 安全事故报告accident report 入住关键途径 材料样品 样品板 通过拒收运行不正常move-in / occupancy critical path material sample sample board accepted/ passed declined / rejected malfunction有缺陷的产品defectivedefectssubstanda 「d products / sub-grade / off-grade product / seconds deformationlocal deformation deflecti on warping / warpage turn-up / turrrove 「along edgeloosingpeeling offdetachedswellrustcolor deteriorationunevennesssandi ngbubbli ngwrin klingscratchesmarkscrack / cracking / fracturefissureleaking / leakageseepagewater stain / water marksflat nesssmoothnesssags and crestsdimples and nipplesbumps / raised bumps缺陷 次品变形 局布变形 下弯 卷曲变形 翻边 脱落/松动 剥落 分离 隆起 生锈 退色 不均匀 起砂 起泡 起皱 刮痕 印痕 裂缝 细裂缝 漏水 渗漏 水痕 平整度 光滑度 凹凸起伏 凹凸小麻点 突起物表面凹坑dent （被砸的）返工rework6.打桩及基础工程piling & foundation work桩pile方桩square pile圆桩round pile导桩pilot pile空心桩hollow pile运桩shipping of piles桩临时堆放区temporary lay-down yard for piles桩的养护curing （所有混凝上的养护）浇制场地casting yard现场拌挠On-site mixing开控excavatio n地沟ditch坑Pit制作桩帽pile-cap模板form work (steel, timber)支模板erect formwork钢筋笼re-bar cage扎钢筋tie re-bar浇制casti ng浇制板，梁,柱cast / slab , beam , column浇混凝土pore con Crete缓凝剂retarder / retarding agent缓凝混凝土retarded cement按体积配料proportioning by volume散装材料bulk material / in bulk养护curing制作地梁cast ground beams钢结构预埋件cast-in anchor bolts回填土back-fill夯实compacting / compact!on振动夯上机vibro-soil compactor设备基础production equipment foundation地基处理soil treatment / foundation treatment压密注浆inject io n grouting防渗水层impervious course / layer单层sole course上工布geo-fabric灌浆grouti ng地下水位underground water table预制桩pre-cast piles打桩机pile driver / piling machine起重机械lifting / applianee / equipment起重滑轮lifting block / chain block 导杆guide pillar 起重杆lifting rod / suspender 定位 positio ning 起吊hoisti ng 打桩piling (drive piles) 试桩pile testing 抗拨试验uplift load test 养护期curing time 地面以下below ground level (土0.00) 地面以上 above ground level7. 地坪工程ground slab slab re-bar stirrup concrete aggregate gravel boulder ceme nt ground slab casting mortar bedding surface screening sealant water proofing membrane Non-skid strips (non - slip 形容人)/ cuts expansion joint settlement joint hardened surface underground pipes (pre-buried) cast-in-sites / cast-in-place / cast-in-situ collapse settleme nt settlement survey ramp / slope grade of slope / gradient pipe ditch 8. 钢结构及砖石工程/结构工程 steal structure & masonry work/ structure work 上部结构 superstructure 钢结构 steel structure 地脚螺栓 anchor bolt / screw锚座 anchor socket螺纹 screw thread预埋件 cast-in anchor主立柱 main columns 柱子底座 plinth型钢 section steel （出（2丄,口，0） I ,angle主梁 main beams次梁 sec on dary beams大梁 girder脊梁 Ridge beam梯条 purlin圈梁 ring girder工字钢 H-column / H-beam / I-beam / 腹 web plate / II 双腹 double-webbed屋顶桁架roof truss 屋檐eaves 屋脊rigid 飞檐 cornice / upturned eaves门、窗框架 window door frames地板/楼板 钢筋 箍筋 fit （混凝土） 碎石（卄料） 石块大石块 水泥地坪浇制 沙浆底层 表面找平层 表面封闭 防水膜 防滑条 伸缩缝 沉降缝 表而硬化处理 地下管道预埋 现场浇铸 倒塌 沉降 沉降观测 坡道 坡度管道沟压条gasket / rubber gasket / bead 金属木板墙面板wall panels屋面板roof panels采光带light belt / skylight / meltable skylight panel彩钢板steel sheet彩钢板三明治板（中间有保温）sandwich panels拼接splice （splice joint, spliced connection, splicer）空间网架space gird钢丝网Barbed wire保温层insulation （fiber; foam）表面钢板skin sheet外层external内层internal室内exterior室外interior表面汕漆处理surface coati ng防火涂料女儿墙山墙红砖层而天沟天沟落水管暗雨水管fire-proof coati ng parapet wall gable clay bricks roof gutter roof valley downspout / down pipe concealed fall pipe护栏（水泥）balustrade落差falling head搭接lap connection屋顶气楼ventilation tower屋顶坡度pitch of roof四坡屋顶hip roof缓坡屋而low pitched roof不上人屋而non-accessible roof百叶窗louver (louver window)铝合金门、窗aluminum doors & windows雨棚canopy小雨棚awning氟碳烤柴FCP (fluorine carbon paint)铝型材aluminum extrusion双层中空玻璃double glazing抗紫外线玻璃low-e glass铸铁cast iron紧固件fastener / fastening bolt夹层mezzanine / mezzanine floor人行桥cat-walk楼梯井staircase well楼梯staircase (single flight, double flight)螺旋式楼梯spiral stairs圆弧扶梯winding stairs车间workshop辅助建筑subsidiary / auxiliary buildings裙房annex / podium局布承压local bearing局布照明local lighting髙杆照明high mast lighting9.砖石工程masonry work水泥ceme nt水泥标号cement grade (200 300 400)钢筋re-bar (steel re-bar)石子aggregate大石块boulder道砖ballast砂子sand木材timber混凝土con crete钢筋混凝土「einforced concrete (RC)商品混凝上Ready-mixed / plant -mixed混凝丄等级concrete grade ( C20, C30, C40) 混凝土坍落度试验slump test配方recipe整体式混凝丄monolithic concrete 整块浇筑monolithic pour 整体浇铸integral cast砂浆砌筑mortar bond混合比mix proportion中间层intermediate layer砌块墙block wall人字辅砌herring bond pavement丁砖砌合header bond一丁一顺砌合Flemish bond 墙面照平抹灰plastering打磨涂料底漆过梁门、窗框地砖polishing / sandingpaint / pain tingprimer coati nglintelframes for doors and windows / door jamb / header floor tiles管线预埋管子wire duct / conduit排水系统drain age system检修孑L inspection hole = man-hole集水坑collection hole / pit / sinkhole水管工程plumbing work供水water supply排水drainage / sewerage污水管sewer化粪池septic tank过滤池filtering tank / filtration tank 蓄水池reservoir 排水孔drain hole / sewer outfall / sinkhole混凝丄砌块concrete block砂浆mortar ( cement mortar)水泥砂浆抹灰cement mortar plastering现浇梁/板堤污泥淤泥，腐土疏通河道填塞，捣实cast-in-site beam/slab (= cast-irrsitu) / cast slab, cast beam,cast column dikesludgemuck soildredgetarn ping / stuff10. 机电系统mechanical & electrical systems设备安装供电系统变压器变电站配电房高压电柜低压电柜电缆电线电缆桥架母线槽配电板/箱信号线equipment installationpower supply and distribution system transformer power sub-station power transformer room hi-voltage switchgear low-voltage switchgear cable (power cable)粗wire 细cable tray bus bar / bus rail distribution panels / box cable / signal cable (IT/电话/投影仪)网络/通讯系统IT/telecom systems] 网络中的结点n ode服务器程控交换机中转板serverprogrammed exchanger harbor空调系统冷冻机中央空调温度控制湿度控制局布采暧局布通风air conditioning system / AHU (air handling unit) chillercentralized AC system temperature control humidity control local heating local ventilation区域吸顶空调VRV ceiling mount AC units独立式空调挂壁式空调控制板遥控器风管冷媒管冷凝水管冷凝器落水管风冷冷凝器空调出风口回风口回风管道散流器新风空气压缩机压缩空气罩子free-stand unit wall mount unit control pad / thermostat remote control duct / pipe coolant pipe / cooling media condensation pipe condenser rain leaderair cooled condenserair outletair inletair return ductdiffuser make-up air air compressor compressed air hood电梯elevator / lift液压电梯hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator快速滑升门fast-speed overhead door红外线感应infra-red sensor防撞杆bollard / bump post移门sliding door阀门valve球阀ball valve止回阀backwater valve / non-n valve 减压阀reducing valve溢流阀relief valve调节阀regulating valve加气诠air-e ntrained con Crete通风ven tilatio n排废气exhaustion支架bracket牛腿corbel支撑bracing （泛指）支撑柱bracing column撑杆brace （柱条、撑条）吊杆suspe nder / han ger支杆strut / tie壳case泵壳pump case架板，脚手架gang board大小头变径管「educe「/ reducing镀锌铁管galvanized iron pipe光钢筋plain bar铜管copper tube盘管coil保护套管protective sailing轴承beari ng扬程lift of pump弹性缝resilient joint支承块rest pad花纹钢板raffled plate垫板padding plate油毡roof felt管长pipe clip基座pedestal刚度rigidity柏油毡pitched felt白铁皮galvanized iron sheet阳极电镀ano dized镀烙（克罗米）chrome plated 法兰flange环箍hoop / hoping / insulation block垫圈弹簧垫圈washer / spring washer管套collar / sleeve90 度接头elbow connector / bend 三通Tee joint / connector闷头en d-cover压力调右器pressure regulator预应力妊priestesses concrete滑轮pulley减谡木垫wooden cushion block柴油dieseli何滑》山lubrication oil汽油gasoline / gas齿轮gear内套筒inner sleeve绝缘子insulator11. 消防系统fi re-fig hti ng systein总管main pipeline支管branch pipeline消防水管fire water pipes消防水泵房pump room 消防栓fire hydrant消火栓箱hose cabinet软管hose喷嘴n ozzle灭火器fire extinguisher喷淋头sprinkler head喷淋灭火系统sprinkling system烟感smoke detector压力表pressure meter备用发电机back-up generator 紧急照明灯emergency light 疏散指示灯evacuation light 消防水池fire water tank消防验收fire marshal inspection防火卷帘门fire roller door 防火门fire door旋转门revolving door防眾门blast-resistant door隔音门sound-proof door弹簧门swing door12. 废水处理waste water treatment废水处理站waste water treatment station排水沟/管drainage ditch/pipe排水井drainage well明沟Open drain地漏drainer / drain hole沉淀池sedimentation tank管道沟pipe ditch沉积物sedime nt13. 室内装修interior decoration / fit-out朝向orientation空房vacant room概念设计schematic design 放样by out / set out平而布置floor layout风水geoma ncy空间利用率space efficiency / floor efficiency门厅foyer门廊（室外）porch走廊过道passage / walkway背景墙logo wall接待大厅lobby接待台reception desk办公区office = open office坐位间过道aisle / walkway 走廊h allway / corridor小办公室private office / manager's office会议室meeting room / conference room 公共洗手间common washing room 茶水间pantry / tea room / coffee room 办公隔断单元cubical / work stationworkstation cubical partitionpartiti onpartition wall / dry wall / gypsum board / frames / ribs light gaugesteel joist load bearing wall glass partition wall panel lattice window file cabinet printing and faxing room food preparation room washing room locker room wardrobe / built-in wardrobe shelves rail hanger closetcanteen / kitchencounter / island countercupboard / wall-hung cupboard / wall-mounted cupboard show case display shelves furniture armchair sofa / couch davenport / divan bed lounge chair fireplace bale ony terrace janitor , s room recreation facility gym / fitness center floor tile PVC floor tile vitrified floor tile ceramic tile anti-slip tile anti-slip anti-abrasion / anti-friction wall tile ceramic tile porous bricks 办公桌隔断 隔墙/隔断 轻刚龙计 承重墙 玻璃隔断 护墙板墙裙 花窗 文件柜 文印间 食物准备间 淸洗间 更衣间 挂衣柜搁板 挂衣杆衣架 壁橱食堂厨房 茶水柜 吊柜展示柜 展示架 家具单人沙发 长沙发 沙发床休闲椅 壁炉阳台 露天大平台 淸洁工人房 娱乐设施 健身房地砖PVC 地砖玻化地砖瓷砖 防滑地砖 防滑防磨损 墙砖 瓷砖多孔砖防静电架空地板anti-static raised floor地毯地毯底衬门口踏毯挂毯承重墙非承重墙空心墙螺纹接连六角螺栓反拱拉毛悬挂脚手架carpet / carpet tile (块毯)/ wall-to-wall (全铺) under-layer / lining door matrugbearing walls / partitionsnon-bearing wallhollow core wallnipple jointhexagonal head boltinverted archhacki nghanging scaffold硬木板条地板hardwood strip floor楼板楼层楼梯单距双距旋转楼梯圆弧楼梯楼梯间楼梯井电梯井垃圾滑道井扶手拉手踏步侧踏步休息平台入口岀口slab floor staircase single flight double flight spiral stair winding stair staircase stair well elevator shaft refuse chute railing / rail / handrail / grab rail Pull / pull bar tread riser landing entranee / exit吊顶(600x600) suspension ceiling / suspended ceiling吊顶龙骨石胃板石膏板吊顶造型吊顶装饰板装饰柱镶边挑檐打眼吊杆吊筋ceiling joist / sub joint / suspender / double-nead / T-joint T 形龙件gypsum boardgypsum board suspension ceilingfeatured suspension ceilingomamental boardomamental columnmarginoverhanging eavesholingsuspender / hanger (斜inclined 硬stiff 软flexible)照明灯具lighting fixture吸顶式工矿灯日光灯泛光灯卤素灯白炙灯低压卤鸽灯竟虹灯乳白灯泡ceiling mount / ceiling-hung / ceiling hanging workshop light fluorescent lampflood light （外墙、广告牌）halogen lightincandescent lightlow-voltage tungsten halogen lamp neon tube opal lamp天花嵌入式射灯recessed spot light in ceiling髙压汞灯射灯简灯high pressure mercury lamp spot light down light可调节方向射灯directional spotlight灯带隐形灯槽吊灯水晶吊灯挂壁灯照度开关声控开关双向开关插座接线板light troughconcealed light troughpendent lamp / lightcrystal pen dent lighttorchluminance （流明）LUXswitchsound control switch / acoustic control switch 2 way switch socket / outletPatch panel可凋节亮度开关dimmer / dimmer switch电插座网络插座线槽/管地插座power socket / power outlet IT/telephone socket duct / conduitfloor embedded socket防触电式电源插座ground fault interrupt outlet双电源插座复式插座转换插头暗线电视插座保险丝箱电闸dual voltage outletduplex outlet （2 pin / 3 pin combination）adaptorconcealed wiringTV antenna outlet / cable TV outlet fuse box power brake窗帘盒窗帘杆窗台百页窗窗扉平开窗pelmetcurtain railwindow sill / elbow board roller shutter window caserne nt / sash side-hung window / door窗调窗套window opening / window casing单窗single sashed window / caserne nt双窗double sashed window / caserne nt防门窗weather tight window防眩眩玻璃glare control glass防:朝水泥垫层moisture-proof / damp-proof cement bedding 猫眼peep hole移门sliding door / panel旋转门revolving door隔音门sound-proof door防暴门blast-resistant door防风窗weather tight window天窗skylight /skylight belt老虎窗dormer window滑轨（上）slide rail滑轨（下）slide track滑轨条guide bead支架support han ger平头flush butt screw平头钉flat head nail / screw平面框架plane frame木门timber door / wooden door木贴面门timber veneer隔汽层vapor barrier五金hardware / ironmongery配件accessories闭门器door closer门吸door stop钱链、合页hinge把手/锁handle / bar / lock樺头rabbet樺头/樺眼plug tenon (tail) / eye (socket)燕尾樺dovetail人字樺herring bond joint内嵌式recessed / flush mount外紧固式surface mount插销latch助推助拉钱链inject / eject hinge移门sliding door移门轨道(上，下)rail, track窗户滑轨guide bead地弹簧floor spring窗钩window catch暗锁mortise lock / bolt插槽slot踢脚线skirting / skirt凹阳台 recessed balcony 凸阳台 cantilever baleony厕所 toilet马桶隔间 booth卫生洁具 sanitary ware手纸器「oil-tissue dispenser 擦手纸盒paper towel dispenser 洗手盆及龙头 washing basin and faucet / washing bow 拖把洗槽mop washing sink 冲淋房shower room 马桶toilet 、water closet (WC) 小便斗urinal squat unit manualsensor controlled / automatic bath tub grab barsoap dishliquid soap dispensertowel rack毛巾杆 towel rail系杆tie bar 钢性吊杆rigid hanger / stiff hanger 可伸缩凉衣绳retractable washing line 浴缸龙头 mixer 冲淋房 shower chamber冲淋头 shower head 冲淋器 洗手盆 水垢垃圾桶 镜子shower tower washing basin deposit of scale / scale (硬皮的)/ gunk(粘软的) waste bin mirror存水 trap壁挂历式取暧器 wall radiatortimber wood veneer grain knot 三聚氤胺贴而刨花板MFC (melamine faced chipboard) 不锈钢 stainless steel (sss) 纤维板particle board 钢化玻璃 tempered glass / armealed glass蹲便器手动 自动 浴缸 拉手杠 肥皂盒 液体肥皂器 毛巾架 木材 木饰面板木纹理木节喷砂玻璃透明玻璃有色玻璃有机玻璃水磨石大理石人造大理石花岗岩表面纹理粗面砖大石砾大石块光泽水磨石框饰复合板安全玻璃丙烯酸底涂喷漆乳胶涂料滚涂刷环氧涂料自流坪底漆瓷釉漆丙烯涂料frosted glass / sand blasted glass clear glass tin ted glass plexiglass terrazzo marbleimitation marblegranite texture texture tile / rough surface gravel bouldergloss / glossinessterrazzofinish casinglaminated wood board laminated glass acrylic primer spray pain ting latex paint / emulsion paint（室外墙而厚）roller brush epoxy coati ng （地而）self-leveli ng epoxy coati ng primer / undercoati ng enamel paint acrylic paint樺头沟缝腻子勾缝勾缝料勾缝刀油灰缝浇筑缝抹灰抹灰面复合地板rabbetcaulki ng puttyPointing / pointing jointPointing stuffPointing trowelPutting jointJoint between cast poring plastering （墙而砂浆抹灰）plaster finishing laminated timber floor搁栅（龙ff） joist夹板消音板凸窗窗台板窗帘电动窗帘plywoodacoustic panelsbay windowelbow board of window / window sill blinds / curtain / drapery / shade motorized drapery空心抹灰hollow plastering （不好）刮平抹平striking填缝seal crakes / joints大理石贴而marble facing灰饼lime mark企口拼接match joint企口地板matched floor盆景miniature garden微裂缝micro-fissuri ng假窗mock window护角条comer bead开槽砖notched tile悬挑板overhanging slab架空线overhead line pipe凹缝recessed joint切口，凹口notch层理lami nation装玻璃工作glazi ng花边lace work踢脚板kick panel / kicking panel / skirting螺旋弹簧helical spring拼花地板overlay flooring / matched floor铺设管道laying pipes找平/刮平leveli ng找平层leveling course原型prototype锁紧力，咬合力locking force修边nip / nipping阴文incised engraving焊脚leg of weld照明带light band / trough薄板light gauge sheet石灰浆lime paste / slurry灰上垫层lime-soil cushion里衬liner外墙而facade玻璃幕墙curtain wall铝型材aluminum extrusion氟碳烤柴fluorine carbon paint （FCP）硅胶silicon glue / silica橡皮垫圈、压条rubber gasket上下推开关窗sash window中空玻璃double-glazing 安全玻璃（夹胶玻璃）laminated glass纱窗外挂包裹干挂湿挂龙骨架定位卡mosquito screen claddry fixing wet fixing joist frame positioning pin分割线/分隔沟division joint重叠overlap墙而抹灰压角条plaster stop拼缝条错位拼接splicing plate staggered joint / alternate joint 嵌入(固定)built-in埋入的(小件)embedded (socket box) ( anchor holts)内凹浅槽切口槽边缘切口突缘槽条木线条recessed (light)groovenotch (v 形)reveal (along edge)企口flange / raised edge cha nnel molded strip —般的/ architrave 带造型嵌缝的小条子calking strip耐磨涂料防霉涂料防潮涂料防腐涂料防水涂层节能材料防腐材料环保材料拉毛抹灰油毡high resista nee paint mildew resistant paint damp-proof coating corrosi on-proof coati ng waterproof coating energy-saving products / materials preserving material environment friendly products (green products) stucco malthoid混水汕漆淸漆防潮漆防锈漆opaque timber finish (painting) varnish / lacquer paint damp-proof paint anti-rust paint瓦棱板(波浪板)corrugated glass / panel半亚光涂料亚光喷砂玻璃砂纸金属板吊顶合金semi-gloss latex paintlow glossopaque / sand-blasted / frozen glass sand-paper metal panel ceilingalloy铝合金aluminum alloy刨花板chip board / particle board刨花shavi ngs夹板plywood / plywood panel铝塑板Alucbond (alum and plastic laminated board) 人造大理石artificial marble木贴面夹板plywood with wood veneer木材纹理grain櫻桃木cherry wood橡木oak wood松木pine wood樺木beech wood黑胡桃木dark wood树脂©in聚胺脂polyurethane (PU)表而质感surface texture耐用性durability门禁系统door access control system刷卡器sensor pad卡card key密码combi nation红外线感应探头inf「a-「ed motion sensor / detector 监视系统surveillance system风格style仿古pseudo-classic现代modern / contemporary后现代post-moder n仿旧reconstruction保守con servative传统traditional经典classical新潮fashion able / tre ndy流行popular前卫cutti ng・edge落后潮流out-of-fashi oned中国元素China elements / flavors浮雕relief sculpture新古典主义n eo-classical豪华luxury简洁simple and elegant粗坑rustic步行街pedestrian mall装饰品orname nt14. 施工工具tools / 施工设备construction machinery打桩机打夯机挖上机推土机压路机钻孔机妊搅拌车铲车翻斗卡车小翻斗车斗料斗漏斗装料斗塔吊pile driver rammer excavator bulldozer （履带式crawler） rollerboring machines concrete agitating truck dumper dumper track skip car bucket / hoe bucket funnel / silo hopper crane履带式起重机caterpillar crane 起重半径crane radius吊车/起重机hoisting machine重型锤夯起重设备起重葫芦手拉葫芦卷扬机龙门吊龙门架行车脚手架heavy dutyhammer tampinghoisting equipment hoisterchain blockcable hoist / cable crane / winching hoist / winch gantry c「ane portal frameoverhead traveling c「ane scaffolding / scaffold混凝丄搅拌车/机concrete mixer / concrete truck 卡车小卡车truckpick-up / lorry混凝上振捣机concrete vibrator压缩空气机氧气瓶电焊机亚弧焊机火焰切割千斤顶电焊条鸭丝条超载筛子air compressor oxygen cylinder welding machine arc welding machine flame cutting jack welding rod tun gste n overload sieve15. 室外工程 yard work / external work 道路road 伸缩缝expansion joint 围墙 fence / boundary fence临时板围墙 hoarding （施工用）格栅用墙 grill fence树篱笆hedge 一砖墙one brick wall 亭子pavilion 小溪creek / brook 池塘 pound门卫 guardhouse红外线探头 in fra-red motion sensor锤子hammer 钻枪.冲击钻/电钻 impact drill / powe 刨子planer 板手wrench 锯子saw 电锯power saw 凿子chisel 锂子file 风钻pneumatic drill 镐pick 螺栓、螺帽 bolts and nuts螺丝 screw 自攻螺幺幺 self-tapping screw螺丝刀 screw driver钉子nail 钏钉rivet 平头挪钉 flush head rivet钏钉枪 rivet pistol钢筋弯折机 angle-bender / bar bender 老虎钳pincer / clamp 刷子brush 夹子clamp 烙焊lap welding 樺接mortise joint 木工carpenter 电焊工welder 电工 electricia n刮刀 chaser超声波探伤 ultrasonic detectiondrill避雷针道路照明灯灯杆停车场停车位lightning rodroad lightlight poleparking / parking lot berth临时警戒用栏hurdle架空管道螺旋线防滑条踏步前缘凸缘条hanged pipehelical linenon-slip strip 人/ non skid strips 车nosingnosing strip卸货平台升降机坡道滑升门转弯半径大斗减小弯度柏油碎石路柏油路loading/unloading dock dock leveler ramp overhead door turning radius sharp reduce sharpness tarmac road tar road碎右•拼的路面crazy paving毛石墙毛石护坡rubble wall rubble mound 化学品仓库髙压电房烟囱自动移门手动移门伸缩门自动起落杆带遥控chemical storagepower station / sformer room stake / chimneyautomatic sliding door manual sliding door articulated sliding door automatic lift bar with remote control雨水管、落管downspout / down pipe旗杆侧石人行道溢水沟路边窖井阴沟阴沟洞flag polekerb / kerb stonesidewalk spillway kerb inlet under d 「ain / under ground sewer sin khole混凝土路而路而标志concrete pavementtraffic control lines / marks道路分隔线斑马线检修孔lane division lines zebra crossing man-hole绿化Ian dscapi ng草地grass lawn草皮turf种花种草planting种植土topsoil施肥fertilizing跟土sowi ng除杂草weedi ng播种seeding发芽germi natio n护根mulch护树杆stake and tie修剪trim常青树evergreen shrubs trees 灌木shrubs灌木丛shrubbery香樟树camphor tree梧桐树phoenix tree枫树maple tree松树pine tree柳树willow杨树poplar tree棕吕Palm tree柏树cypress白杨树white poplar tree黄杨树box tree银杏树gingko tree冷杉fir竹子bamboo喷泉water fountain绿化带green belt花坛border树篱笆hedge小路path灌溉系统irrigation system草地灯lawn lamp年轮annual rings16. 生产工艺设备production equipment定型机0型染色机J型染色机汽蒸机印花水洗机蒸化宦型机平网印花机圆网印花机逆流漂洗机烘干机打卷机装配拆开设备调试试运行行车振动隔振stenter beam jet steamer washing machine fixing machine flat bed printing machine rotary machine rope washing machine dryer rolling machine assemble disassemble testing and commissioning trial run traveling crane vibration / shaking vibration absorber / vibration isolator颗粒粉末碎片块退浆碱减量碱性的配色间particlepowderchipchunkscoari ng weight reduction alkali ne color kitchen后整理（开幅立型）finishing定型收缩fixing shri nkage色度耐酸耐热耐磨损耐火耐碱易燃易爆密封chrome acid-resistance / acid-resisting heat-resistingabrasion resistingfire resisting alkali resisting inflammable combustible air-tight / weather tight染料dye stuff。
坝-膜
455Renovating Linach damInstandsetzung der Linach-TalsperreAlberto Scuero, Franz-Josef Gruber, Robert Strumberger,Regina Saier-Grieshaber, Matthias NeiningerAbstractLinach multiple arches dam in Germany belongs to Vöhrenbach municipality, 4200 inhabitants. Built between 1922 and 1926, it was waterproofed with reinforced gunite covered with a bituminous revetment that deteriorated over time, imposing emptying the reservoir in 1988. Renovation works, involving a long financing process, were executed in 2006. The paper discusses the renovation process, the geomembrane system restoring watertightness, the works performed.ZusammenfassungDie einzige Reihengewölbemauer Deutschlands, die denkmalgeschützte Linach-Talsperre, gehört der 4200 Einwohner-Stadt Vöhrenbach. Bei ihrem Bau 1922 bis 1926 erhielt sie eine Abdichtung aus einer bewehrten Spritzmörtelschicht mit zweifachem Inertolanstrich, deren zunehmende Schäden 1988 zur Speicherentleerung führten. Langwierigen Finanzierungs- und Bewilligungsbemühungen folgte 2006 die Instandsetzung. Der Beitrag erörtert die Instand-setzungsarbeiten und das Geomembranabdichtungssystem.1 Linach dam: An unique structureLinach dam, which is part of the Vöhrenbach Power Plant in the Black Forest and was built between 1922 and 1926, was Germany’s first reinforced concrete dam constructed according to a construction method based on a massif trapezoidal concrete wall which is divided into several independent elements: arch, buttress and struts. The construction method allowed significantly decreasing the mass of the concrete, which would be about five times larger for a traditional concrete gravity dam. The smaller mass permitted also a comparatively shorter construction period, which in unfavourable climate allowed rapidly completing a structure that was urgently needed due to the increased needs of power supply.The dam, located at 847.45 m asl, has a length at crest of 143 m, and is 25 m high. The 13 arches are 40 to 60 cm thick, the buttresses are 120 cm thick and placed at 10,40 m spacing. To avoid water infiltration, the arches were waterproofed with a layer of reinforced gunite covered with a bituminous revetment. The dam has a bottom outlet and an intermediate outlet.Linach belongs to the municipality of Vöhrenbach, 4200 inhabitants. One year after its completion, it could cover the 72% of the power needs of the municipality. In the decades that followed, along with the deterioration of the upstream waterproofing layer, power supply demand increased.Deterioration of the waterproofing layer and of the underlying concrete was basically due to water infiltration and to freeze-thaw cycles. In the years 1937/38 first repair works took place; in4561951 the impervious layer was totally renovated; in 1966 an additional shotcrete layer was added in the lower third of the dam. Deterioration of the concrete continued to such an extent that in 1963 the authority imposed lowering the water level of 10 m. Finally, in 1988 the reservoir was emptied to allow performing total rehabilitation.In 1990 a very complete rehabilitation project was not carried out for lack of financial resources. In 1998 the power house was put back in activity as derivation unit, without impounding the reservoir. This focused sufficient attention on the project so as to allow starting to restore the reservoir which by then had been abandoned. This was possible thanks to the efforts of the municipality staff, and to the participation of the association “Save the Linach dam”, of the territorial foundation of Baden Würtenberg, of the responsibles for the protection of the patrimony and of the tourism development, and of the Schwarzwald – Baar - District. The rehabilitation works implied several challenging tasks, from financing to the numerous technical aspects: hydrological appraisals, new calculation of the statics and stability evaluation also in respect of seismicity, concrete investigations, geological investigations, geo-radar of the reservoir, exploration drillings, new regulation of the free board, landscape conservation.Due to its outstanding meaning in terms of construction technology, in the spring of 2002 the dam had been inscribed in the list of buildings of national importance and inserted in the German monument book. This further complicated the project, because the renovation of historical buildings is subject to certain restrictions, which had to be taken into consideration while making the dam compliant with modern safety standards, different from those enforced in the years when the dam was constructed. According to the presidential office of Freiburg the Linach dam was the most complex renovation project of Germany. More information on these aspects is presented by Strumberger in these proceedings [1]; this paper addresses exclusively the technical aspects of the renovation, with particular focus on the new waterproofing system.The renovation works included the rehabilitation of some concrete parts and of the gates, and modernisation of the appurtenant works of the power plant. The renovation of the upstream waterproofing system was the critical part of the project. Works were started and completed in 2006.2 Renovation of the upstream sealing systemAside from the considerable financial challenges posed by such a complex project on such a small community, the main technical challenges were the climatic conditions requiring a system that could durably resist freeze-thaw, the need to minimise impact on a historical monument, and the need to minimise impact of renovation works on the area. The selection of the new sealing system was carried out by the municipality with the technical advise of Energie Steiermark AG (Austria), who were the engineer and project manager for all works except rehabilitation of the downstream concrete.2.1 Selection of the systemAll available lining systems were examined. Analysis was based on experimental data provided by international literature, and on European field experience. Laboratory result included an extensive research on all types of waterproofing systems for concrete dams in cold climates (shotcrete, metal sheets, bituminous liners, coatings, geomembranes), carried out by the457Canadian Hydro Quebec [2], and a research focused on geomembranes carried out by the US Army Corps of Engineers [3]. Field results were available for numerous dams located mainly in the Alpine region. The extensive experience made by Enel, the Italian National Power Board, with exposed geomembranes on dams at high elevation in the Italian Alps provided useful data on durability of these materials in cold climates [4].Research and field results converged on one material, a high performance PVC geomembrane. This material is treated to resist UV in the long term, can resist organic and bacterial growth, and the alkaline environment of damp concrete. The material can be produced in relatively high thickness (in the order of a few mm) and is generally laminated to a geotextile that provides increased resistance to puncture by the subgrade. The final product has high resistance to mechanical damage that may be caused by installation activities and by service conditions. The flexibility of the material and its easy seaming is an asset especially on dams of complicated geometry like Linach.It is generally acknowledged that durability of a geomembrane sealing system is longer if the anchorage system is conceived to avoid presence of loose areas or folds in the liner. Several dams lined with PVC geomembranes were visited by the engineer of the project, to ascertain which anchorage system would provide more reliable service. The Carpi patented tensioning system was selected.2.2 Waterproofing linerThe selected waterproofing liner, SIBELON CNT 3750, is a 2.5 mm thick PVC geomembrane laminated during fabrication to a 500 g/m² geotextile. The PVC layer provides watertightness, has > 200% elongation at break allowing bridging all fissures and cracks that already exist or should form in the future, and has durability estimated to exceed 50 years, based on more than 25 years of service at high elevation in the Alps. The geotextile gives anti-puncture protection, increased friction to makes installation easier, and some drainage capability.The PVC geomembrane covers the 13 arches from the crest down to the concrete base of the arch, to avoid that water infiltrates into the dam, and to durably protect it from further damage caused by frost. The PVC sheets have been installed horizontally, and watertight welded at overlaps with manual hot-air single-track welds. The fusion process caused by the welding method, associated to a 100% control of the watertightness of the seams, makes the joints between sheets an area of increased safety, because the thickness of the waterproofing liner is practically doubled at the overlaps.2.3 Drainage systemA dedicated drainage system has been installed behind the geomembrane, to allow monitoring the new sealing system over its service life, and to avoid that in case of accidental damage to the geomembrane water in pressure may enter into the dam body.The systems is consists of a drainage layer (a high transmissivity geonet) covering the entire surface of the arches, of vertical drainage conduits made by the profiles that anchor the geomembrane to the arches, and of a bottom collection and discharge system. To avoid that suction forms behind the geomembrane hampering drainage, the system is ventilated at top.458The geonet Tenax CE 750 was installed on the existing surface of the arches, after cleaning and removal of loose parts and dirt with high-pressure water jet, and local patching at places of excessive deterioration of the concrete. The bottom collection conduit was made with an additional layer of geonet, placed as a longitudinal band following the bottom periphery of the arch. The drainage system was divided into 5 sections, which discharge separately downstream through 5 discharge pipes.The works have been performed with special travelling platforms designed to follow the shape of the arch, and suspended from a supporting portal placed at crest. Placement of the system was made at alternate arches, to avoid interference of adjoining platforms (Figure 1).Figure 1: Placement of system with suspended platforms2.4 Face anchorageThe face anchorage must sustain the liner’s own weight and the uplifts imparted by wind, waves, floating objects, and must maintain the liner smooth and adherent to the subgrade, with no folds or loose areas. At Linach, since the upstream face is inclined, much of the liner’s weight is transferred by friction to the dam. Calculations showed that adequate anchorage could be provided by placing one tensioning profile at both sides of each arch. This resulted in two tensioning profiles at the springing of each arch.The tensioning system adopted at Linach is extensively detailed in international literature. It is composed of two profiles that tightly clamp the PVC geocomposite and secure it to the dam face. The profiles are fastened to the dam by means of stainless steel anchor bolts embedded in chemical anchors placed at 40 cm spacing, which is provides adequate tensioning of the PVC459geomembrane liner. The length of the anchors bolts was such as to intercept the concrete of the vaults, and varied from 100 to 250 mm. To avoid that water infiltrates at the anchor bolts crossing the geomembrane, the profiles are covered with a waterproofing PVC geomembrane strip, watertight welded on all sides unto the PVC geocomposite liner (Figure 2).2.5 Perimeter anchorageIn the Carpi systems, the PVC geocomposite is anchored at all peripheries by perimeter seals conceived to avoid water infiltration behind the liner. The seals are watertight against the pressure they must sustain (rainwater and snowmelt at top, water in pressure at submerged locations such as at heel, spillway, inlets and outlets), and are made with stainless steel batten strip compressing the geocomposite on the concrete, where necessary with suitable gaskets and steel plates for distribution of the compression.At Linach, the top seal is made with a 50 x 3 mm batten strip placed at the top of the crest. The submerged perimeter seals are made with a 60 x 6 mm batten strip (Figure 2) anchored with stainless steel anchor bolts placed at 15 cm spacing. The same type of watertight seal has been adopted and is successfully behaving on all types of dams with very high water heads (Karahnjukar fill dam, 198 m high, Miel I RCC dam, 188 m high, Alpe Gera concrete gravity dam, 174 m high), and has been tested and approved by Ismes, the most important Italian hydraulic research institute, part of the Enel group, up to a water head of 240 m.At heel, the concrete that constitutes the base of each arch was practically entirely covered with sediments. The sediments have been removed only for the top part necessary to allow placing the bottom seal on the concrete (Figure 2). To provide an obstacle to water infiltration in the part that has not been covered by the PVC geocomposite, a strip of bentonite mattress has been deployed along the bottom of the arches, covering the seal and extending horizontally over the sediments. The mattress has then been ballasted with soil.Figure 2: Tensioning profiles and perimeter seals4602.6 Other worksOther renovation works, concerning concrete rehabilitation, renewal of gates and modernisation of appurtenant works, have been extensively described by Brunold et al. [5].3 BehaviourRehabilitation works were completed on 18 Oct. 2006 after 15 weeks installation. An unexpected proof of the performance of the system and its fixation occurred during hurricane “Kyrill” in January 2007 with maximum wind velocities in the range of 200 km/h. (Figure 3). The new waterproofing system has completed its first winter season. Leakage with a water head of 13 m which corresponds to 10 m below maximum reservoir level is in the order of drops, with a temporary maximum of 0,3 l/s for the 4140 m² waterproofed upstream face which reduced to 0,02 l/s recently.Figure 3: Works completedLiterature[1] Strumberger, R.: Baukulturdenkmal von nationaler Bedeutung"Linachtalsperre" in Vöhrenbach - Wiederherstellung aus Sicht desTalsperreneigners. 14th German Dam Symposium - Dams in Europe. Tasks andChallenges, 2007[2] Durand B. et al.: Study of waterproofing revetments for the upstream face of concretedams. IREQ Research Institute of Hydro-Québec, IREQ-95-326, 1995461[3] Christensen J. C. et al. A Conceptual Design for Underwater Installation of GeomembraneSystems on Concrete Hydraulic Structures. Technical Report REMR-CS-50, US ArmyCorps of Engineers - Waterways Experiment Station, 1995[4] Cazzuffi D.: Long Term Performance of Exposed Geomembranes on Dams in Italian Alps.Sixth International Conference on Geosynthetics, pp. 1107-1110, 1998[5] Brunold, H.; Gruber, F.J.; Wellacher, J.: Instandsetzung der Linach-Talsperre inVöhrenbach im Schwarzwald. Wasserbausymposium Graz 2006, Technische Universität Graz, pp. 16-26, 2006Authors’ Names and AffiliationAlberto M. Scuero, Dr. Eng.CARPI TECH S.A.Technical DirectorCorso San Gottardo 86CH 6830 Chiassoalberto.scuero@Franz Josef Gruber, Dipl.-Ing. Dr.Energie Steiermark AGProjektleiter Wasserbau und membraLeonhardstrasse 598010 Grazfranz-josef.gruber@Robert Strumberger, Dipl.Verw.Wirt FHStadt VöhrenbachBürgermeisterFriedrichstrasse 878147 Vöhrenbachstrumberger@voehrenbach.deRegina Saier-Grieshaber, Dipl.Verw.Wirt FHStadt VöhrenbachReferentin des BürgermeistersFriedrichstrasse 878147 Vöhrenbachsaier-grieshaber@voehrenbach.deMatthias NeiningerStadt VöhrenbachBauamtsleiterFriedrichstrasse 878147 Vöhrenbachneininger@voehrenbach.de。
化水专业部分术语英译汉
器covered filter 覆盖过滤器CPP=condensate polishing plant 凝结水精处理站cross-contamination 交叉污染crystal 晶体cycle of concentration 浓缩倍率Ddeadly poison 剧毒decarbonator 除碳器degasified water tank 除碳水箱dehydrant 脱水剂dehydrator 脱水机deionzation 除盐demineralization 除盐demineralizer 除盐装置desalination 除盐desiccant 干燥剂desiccator 干燥器desilter 沉淀池dew point 露点dewatering machine 脱水机dew-point indicator 露点仪diaphragm 隔膜diaphragm valve 隔膜阀direct flow anion exchanger 顺流阴离子交换器direct flow cation exchanger 顺流阳离子交换器discharge criteria 排放标准discharge head 扬程discharge pipe 排水管dissolved oxygen analyzer 溶解氧分析仪dissolved solids 溶解性固体dissolving tank 溶解箱distribution device 分配装置distribution ratio of silica 二氧化硅携带系数distribution system 配水系统dosing pump 加药泵doubel bed anion exchanger 双室阴离子交换器doubel bed cation exchanger 双室阳离子交换器doubel chamber anion exchanger 双室阴离子交换器doubel chamber cation exchanger 双室阳离子交换器drainage system 排水系统drganic waste water 有机废水drier 干燥器dry panel 干盘Eeffective diameter of grain 有效粒径ejector 喷射器electrode 电极electrodialysis 电渗析electrolyser(electrolyzer) 电解装置(电解槽)electrolyte 电解electrolytic bath 电解池(槽）electromagnetic filter 电磁过滤器electrovalence 电动天平environment pollution 环境污染epoxy bituminous lacquer 环氧沥青漆evaporator; steam evaporation 蒸发器exchange resin (离子)交换树脂exchanger 交换器;交换剂exhausted resin 失效树脂expander 膨胀器external regeneration 体外再生external regeneration high-rate mixed bed 体外再生高速混床Ffast rinse 快速冲洗feed back signal 反馈信号feedwater treatment 给水处理ferric 三价铁的ferrous 二价铁的ferrous sulfate 硫酸亚铁(FeSO4)FeSO4 filming wheel 硫酸亚铁涂膜小车fiber glass fabric 玻璃布fiber glassfiber plastic 玻璃钢fiber reinforced plastic 玻璃钢filming 成膜filter 过滤器filter area 过滤面积filter film 滤膜filter gauze; filtration screen; screen 滤网filter material 滤料filter pre-coated with ion exchange resin 树脂粉覆盖过滤器filtered water tank 过滤水箱;清水箱final neutralization pit 最终中和槽fire resister 阻火器fixed bed 固定床flash point 闪点flashing chamber闪蒸室flashing stages 闪蒸级flocculator; flocculation 絮凝器;絮凝作用fluid wax 流体石蜡fluidized bed 浮动床fluoride氟化物flushing 冲洗foot valve 底阀four-way valve 四通阀frame 框架free carbon dioxide 游离二氧化碳free chlorine 游离氯freezing point 凝固点frequent drainage 经常性排水FRP=fiber reinforced plastic 玻璃钢Ggas cooler 气体冷却器gas volume 气体容积gas-water seperator 气水分离器gate valve 闸阀gear pump 齿轮泵gel-type resin; gelular resin 凝胶型树脂gland packing 盘根;填料glass electrode 玻璃电极grain diameter(size) 粒径graininess(granularity) 粒度granite 花岗岩gravel 卵石;砾石;砂砾Hhand pump 手动泵;手摇泵hastelloy C 哈氏合金Cheader and lateral system 母管支管制（系统）height of bed expansion(expanded depth) 膨胀高度hexameta(sodium hexametaphosphate) 六偏磷酸钠(NaPO3)6 hexametaphosphate 六偏磷酸盐high efficient fibre filter 高效纤维过滤器high flow rate mixed bed 高速混床high level acid (caustic) storage tank 高位酸（碱）过滤器high temperature & high pressure rack 高温高压架hot well sampling pump 热井取样泵hydrazine 联氨hydrazine analyzer 联氨分析仪hydrofluoric acid; fluorhydric acid 氢氟酸(H2F)hydrogen chloride 盐酸;氯化氢(HCl)hydrogen draining water seal 氢气排水水封hydrogen electrode 氢电极hydrogen generating station 氢气发生站hydrogen generation assembly control panel 制氢装置控制柜hydrogen generator 氢发生器hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢（H2O2)hydrogen seperating cleaner 氢分离洗涤器hydrogen seperator 氧分离器。
船机专业英语词汇合集讲解
Aa layer of lubricant 润滑层abnormal 异常的abrasive 有磨蚀的accommodation 住舱accommodation ladder 舷梯accomplish 完成，达到，实现activate 使活动，起动adjust 调整adjustment 调整administrative offices 管理办公室adopt 采用advantage 优势，优点，效益应用affect 影响aforesaid 上述的，前述的（常用于法律文件）aft ballast tank 艉压载舱aggregate 合计，总计air cushion craft 气垫船alarm 报警器align 对中，找正alkalinity 碱度，碱性all duties pump 总用泵alloy 合金alternative 替换物，选择对象alternator 交流发电机aluminum 铝Aluminum 铝among 在……之中analyze 分析anchor 锚anchor arrangement 锚泊设备anchor bell 锚钟anchor hoisting winch 起锚绞车anchor light 锚灯anchorage 锚地anchor-heaving trial 抛锚试验anneal 退火anti-corrosive 防腐油aperture 孔，穴applicant 申请者application 应用application 应用，运用approach 方法，步骤，途径appurtenance 辅助的设备，附属设备，配件aptitude （特殊）才能，适应性arbitration 仲裁around 在……周围，绕过arrangement 布置，安排，装置，方案aspect 方面assembly 组件，组装assembly 装配assembly line 装配（流水）线assign 分配，指派assigning 确定，指派assist 帮助，协助atmospheric 大气的atomization 物化attach 缚，系，附，归属attached pump （主机）附带泵attractive 吸引人的，引起注意的audible 听得见的automobile 汽车，泛指交通工具auxiliary engine 发动机auxillary pump 辅助泵axial 沿轴的，轴的axial flow 轴流式axial flow pump 轴流泵axial plunger pump 轴流柱塞泵axis 轴Bbake 烘干balance 平衡balance 平衡ballast （船等）压舱物ballast pump 压载泵ballast tank 压载舱barge 驳船barge-carrier 载驳货船be adjacent to 靠近，接近be attachde to 附属于be build to order 按订单建be confined to 被限于……造，按订货单制作be divided into 分成be made up of…由…构成bearing 轴承bedplate 机座bell 钟罩bench work 钳工bid 投标bilge 舱底（水）bilge pump 舱底水泵、bind 约束blade 叶片，桨叶blank 隔开，封着，使无效blast 喷丸（除锈）blind 封死，填塞blind-flange 盲板法兰block 块block 墩木，块，阻塞boat deck 艇甲板body 主体body plan 横剖型线图boiler fuel oil system 锅炉燃油系统bollard test,dock trial 系泊试验bolt 螺栓，用螺栓固定boom 吊杆boom 吊杆boom length 吊杆长度boost(er)pump 增压泵bottom dead centre(BDC) 下止点bow 船首bower anchor 首锚box up 组装bracket 支架，托架brake 制动器，刹车brake horsepower 制动马力，制动功率branch 分支，支管brazing 铜焊（接）bridge 桥楼Bridge crane 行车，桥式起重机bridge deck 驾驶甲板brittle 易碎的，脆弱的bronze 青铜（铜与锡合金）brozen sleeve 青铜套筒buffer 缓冲器，贮存装置buffer tank 缓冲柜building basin 船台building period 建造周期built-in 内装的，机内的，固定的bulk-carrier 散货船bulkhead舱壁bulkhead 隔壁，防水壁bulkhead 舱壁bulkhead pieces 舱壁部分bulwarks 舷墙bunker 燃料舱burner 气焊（割）工bursting pressure 爆炸压力by comparison 通过比较Ccabin deck 起居甲板cable releaser 弃链器cablelifter 锚链轮calibrate 量准，量……口径calibrate 量准，校准caliper 用卡钳量calorific 热（量）的，发热的calorific 卡的，热量的，发热的cam clearance 凸轮间隙camber 拱形cap 盖capstan 绞盘，绞车captain deck 船长甲板carbonaceous 碳的cargo capacity 载货量，货舱容积，舱容cargo handling gear 起货设备cargo handling productivity装卸能力cargo oil suction 吸油口cargo space 货物舱位cargo winch 起货绞车carpenter 木匠carrier ring 承磨环casing 箱，外壳cast steel chain 铸钢锚链casualty 灾祸，意外catalytic 催化的catamaran 双体船category 类别cause 原因，引起center 对中central cooling system 中央冷却系统centrifugal 离心的centrifugal oil separator room分油机室centrifuge 离心（分油、净油）centtralized control 集中控制cetane 十六烷值机centrifuge 离心分离机chain cable 锚链chain cable compressor,chainstopper 止链器chain link 锚链环chain locker 锚链舱chain pipe 锚链管chain winch 锚链绞车chamfer 倒角charge 装，充charge 费用check 检查，核对chemical carrier 化学品（运输船）chip 铲削，削去chipper 风铲工，缺陷修理工chisel 铲削chock 塞块，楔形垫chromium 铬chromium-plate 镀铬circuit 回路，管路，电路circulating lubricating oil tank滑油循环舱circulating pump 循环泵circulating tank 循环柜class 等级class notation 船级符号class symbol 入级符号cleanse 清洗close 关闭clutch 离合器clutch 离合器coat 涂cock 开关，龙头coefficient 系数cofferdam 隔离分舱collapse 毁坏collecting tank 收集柜collision 碰撞combat system 作战系统combustion 燃烧，焚毁，发（点）火commercially 商业的commpass adjuster 罗经校正员compact 紧凑的compare 比较，对比compartment 隔间，隔室compartment stuffing box 隔舱填料函compass deck 罗经甲板compel 强迫，迫使compensate 补偿competitive 竞争的completion 完成complex 复杂的，合成的，综合的complexity 复杂，复杂性component 元件，组成元件compound-superchargeddiesel engine 复合式增压柴油机compression （发动机，如内燃机中工作液体的）压缩compression pump 压缩泵compromise 折衷，调和compulsory 强迫的，强制的，义务的concrete 混凝土configuration 构造，结构，配置，外形connect 联接considerable 相当的，大量的constitute 构成construction 结构consult 咨询consumable 消耗性的consumable store 消耗物品consumption 消耗，消费contact 接触container 集装箱container 集装箱，容器，壳，罩container ship 集装箱船containerization 货柜运输contaioner ship 集装箱船contamination 污染（物）conventional 常规的，惯例的convey 传递coolant 冷却剂copper 铜copper 铜copyright 版权correct 改正，校正corrosion 腐蚀，锈corrosive 腐蚀（性）的corrosive 腐蚀的，腐蚀性的corrosive 腐蚀的counteract 克服coupling 联接，联接器，联轴节course keeping test 航向稳定性试验craft 船，手工艺crane 起重机crane 克令吊，起货机crane operator 起重工crankpin 曲柄销criteria 准则，标准，规范cross 十字的，交叉的crown 冠，顶部，活塞crow's nest 桅上瞭望台crude oil 原油cruiser 游船culminate （与in连用)达到……的顶峰……cuprous 亚铜的customized 定制的cut off 削去，割去cyclic 轮转的，循环的cylinder 气缸，（圆）柱体，泵（筒）体cylinder cover starting valve缸头启动阀cylinder knocking 敲缸cylinder oil 气缸油cylinder score 拉缸cylinder seizing 咬缸Ddaily fuel-suppy pump 日用燃料供应泵daily service tank--fuel oil 日用燃油柜damage 损坏，破坏davit 吊艇架deadweight 载重量decay 衰变，蜕变，分解deck 甲板deck covering 甲板敷料deck gear 舱面用具，甲板机械deck machinery 甲板机械deck stores 缆索具舱declivity 坡度，斜度deductible 可扣除的deep sea anchor 深水锚defect 缺陷defective 出毛病，有故障deleterious 有害deliver to呈交delivery 交船，交货delivery 交付，交货……delivery pump 输送泵density 密度derrick 吊杆（起货）装置derrick 吊杆，起重臂derrick rig 吊杆装置descale 除垢description 规格design 设计desk pump 甲板泵detachable 可拆卸的，可分离的detail drawing 详图，零件图detect for(leakage) 查（漏）detergency 去垢能力deterioration 变质，恶化detritus 磨屑device 装置diagonal 对角的，斜的diameter 直径dictate 规定，决定diesel 柴油机diesel boat 柴油机船differ from 区别于……，与……不同diffuser 扩压器dimension 尺度，元，维dirty 脏的disassemble 解体discharge 排出discharge branch 排出管路disconnect 脱开disengage 解开，脱啮dismantle 拆卸dismount 拆卸displacement 位移，排水量displacement 排水量dispute 争论divide 分成，除dock floor 船坞底dock gates 坞门docking 进坞document 文件domesticservice pump 生活用泵double bottom tank 双层底舱double helical teeth 人字齿dowel 销钉，榫drags 阻力锚链drain 排，放，残水（油）drain 泄水，排水drain 放掉（水，油等）drain tank 泄放柜draught 船舶吃水draw 吊出dress up 修整drill 钻孔drive 传动dry bulk carrier 干散货船dry cargo ship 干货船dry dock 干船坞dry dock 干船坞dual oil filter 双联油细滤器due 税收duty 关税dynamo 直流发电机Eecho sounding 回声测深effective horsepower 有效马力ejector 喷射器elaboration 精密，精致electric motor ship 电动机船electric steering gear 电动舵机electro-hydraulic steering gear电动液压舵机electroplater 电镀工elegant 雅致的elevator 升降机eliminate 消除，取消eliminate 排除，消除emergency 紧急情况emergency draining test 紧急疏水试验enclosed 封闭的enclosed fabrication shop 封闭式装配车间encompass 包括，包含……endurance trial 续航力试验engage 结合，啮合engine room 机舱engine telegraph 车钟engineering workshop 轮机车间ensign staff 船艉旗杆entail 需要entrain 产生，导致equivalent 相同物，同等物erection （船体）组装erection shop 装配车间erosive 侵蚀性的，腐蚀性的estimate 估计，估价，评估event 事件，过程examine 检查exception 例外exert 尽（力），发挥exhaust boiler 废气锅炉expand 膨胀expanding 展开的，扩大的expansion 膨胀expansion piece 膨胀块expenditure 经费，花费，开销expense 费用，开支expiration 到期expose 暴露extensive 广泛的extent 程度Ffacilitate 使便利，使容易failure 故障fair up 校直fairlead 导缆孔fasten 紧固，固定faulty 有毛病的feature 特性，特点feed water tank 给水柜ferry 渡船，轮渡fillet 圆角，倒角film 膜filter 滤器fine 细小的，好的fineness 纤瘦度finished drawings and plans完工图fire boat 消防船fire-fighting system test 消防系统效用试验fit 安装fitting 装置，附件fitting out quay 舾装码头fix 安装flag administration 船旗国主管机构flammable 易燃的，可燃性的flange 法兰，翻边flash point 闪点flat 平的flexibility 绕性floatability 浮动性floating dry dock 干浮船坞floating plants 水上机械设备flow of materials 物流fluid 液体flywheel 飞轮force-feed lubrication 强力润滑fore ballast tank 艏压载舱fore peak tank 艏尖舱forecastle 前甲板，船头的船楼foremast 前桅杆foremast navigation light 前桅灯forge 锻造forge 锻造forklift(truck) 叉车formation 形成formation 形成formulate 配制formulation 简洁陈述，明确的表述foundation 基础，根本foundry man 铸造翻砂工frame 机架frame 肋骨freighter(cargo ship) 货船friction 摩擦fuel (lubricating oil)consumption 燃油（滑油）消耗率fuel consumption 燃油消耗fuel oil leakage tank 回油柜fuel oil purifying 燃油净化fuel oil transfering 燃油输送fuel return mainfold 回油管fuel setting tank 燃油沉淀舱fuel-air ratio 燃料空气比funnel 烟囱fusion welding 熔焊Ggangway 舷梯gantry crane 龙门吊gauge （用表）测量gear 齿轮gearing 齿轮装置，传动装置general arrangement 总布置general cargo ship 杂货船general drawing 总图general purpose (service)pump 通用泵，总用泵generator 发电机，造水机gland 密封压盖，填料压盖governmental authority 政府当局，管理机构gradually 逐渐地graphite 石墨graving dock 槽式船坞grease 涂油脂润滑greasy 油污的grind 研磨grind in 磨合ground level building site 平地建造场ground tackle 锚具guarantee 保证，担保guidance note 指导性文件gunmetal 青铜Hhabitability 可居住hand over to 呈交handling equipment 装卸设备harbour 停泊harbour 港口harden 淬火hard-over(port/starboard)（左/右）满舵hatch cover 舱口盖hatch covers 舱盖haul 运输，拉货haul 拖，绞hawse pipe 锚链筒hazardous 危险的hazardous operation 危险作业head tank 高置（重力）水（油）柜headroom 净空高度heat 加热heater 加热器heat-resistant 耐热的heavyderrick boom 重型吊杆heavy diesel oil(hdo) 重柴油heavy diesel tank 重柴油舱hold 货舱hold 货舱hold capacity 舱容hone 研磨，走合horizontal pump 卧式泵horsepower 马力，功率house 放置，安装，收藏hull 船体hull form 船形hunting gear 追随机构HVAC(=heating,ventilating andcooling) 取暖，通风与冷却hydraulic 液压的hydraulic mechanism 液压机构hydraulic steering gear 液压舵机hydrofoil craft 水翼船Iice-breaker 破冰船identical 同一的，同样的idle 闲置不用的ignite 点燃impart 给予impeller 叶轮impeller (vane wheel) 叶轮impinge 射到impurity 杂质in lieu of 代替in trouble 出故障in turn 依据，轮流inaccurate 不准确inadvertent 轻率的，不注意的inclining experiment 倾斜试验individual 个体，个人ineffective 失效，无效的inefficient 效率低的，无效的inertia test,stoopping test 惯性试验inject 喷射injection advance angle 供油提前角injector 注油塞inland waterway 内陆水路，内河inland waterway 内河航道inlet 进口，入口innumerable无数的，数不清的inoperative 不起作用的inspect 检查instead of 取代instrumental 有作用的insufficient 不足的insulation 绝缘insurance 保险insurance coverage 保险责任范围interconnect 相互连接，关联interface 连接interfere 影响，干扰intermediate 中间的intermittent 间歇的，断断续续的internal combustion engine 内燃机intersection 横断inventory 详细目录，清单investigate 调查involve 涉及iterative process 迭代过程Jjack staff 船艏旗杆jacket 夹层，水套jackstaff 船首旗杆jet pump 喷射泵joiner 安装工joinery 细木工joint 接头journal 轴颈juristical 法律的justification 合理性Kkeel-laying 龙骨铺放（指船体）keep pace with 跟上……，赶上keep station 定位keyway 键槽kinetic energy 动能knot 节knot 节Llaborer 力工lacquer 胶膜LASH (lighter aboard ship) 载驳货船lathe 光车launching cradle 下水架leak 泄漏，泄漏物leakage泄漏leaky 泄漏的leave 离开，留下length （一）节，（一）段level 液位，水平面liability 责任life boat 救生船lifeboat 救生艇lift out 吊出，抬起light diesel fuel service tank轻柴油日用油舱light diesel fuel tank 轻柴油舱light diesel oil 轻柴油light weight 空船重量liner 缸套，衬，里liquid 液体liquid path 流道LNG carrier(liquefied naturalgas carrier) 液化天然气（运输）船locate 位于，查出，找出loft man 放样工longitudinal 纵向的loose 松的loosen 松开lower deck 下甲板lubricator 注油器luff 使仰俯luxurious 奢侈的Mmachine 光车，加工machinery 机器，机械machine-turned 车削的，车制的magnet gantry 磁力式龙门吊main 总管main deck 主甲板main engine 主机main engine portion of bollardtest 主机系泊试验main mast 主桅杆main mast navigation light 主桅航行灯maintenance 维护，保养majority 大多数maneuver 操纵manoeuvring/maneuveringtrial 操纵试验manufacture's product survey 成品试验marine 海的，船（用）的，航海的，船舶（设备），海运，航海marshal 调度measure 计量，调节measure 测量，测定measured mile course 测速区mechanical 机械的media 介质medium 介质，中间的merchant 商人，商人的，商业的merely 仅仅，只不过meshing gears 啮合齿轮midships 在船中央部mill 滚铣minus push 负推力minus value 负值mixed-flow 混流式mobile crane 移动式吊车，汽吊车modification,changes and extras 修改，变更和加账molder 造型工molybdenum 钼mooring 系泊设备mooring arrangement 系缆设备mooring arrangement test 系泊设备试验mooring equipment 系泊设备mooring fittings,mooring mooring rope 缆绳mount 安装appliances 系缆具mount(on) 安装multi-purpose ship 多用途船multi-ship program 多种船型建造规划mutually 互相地Nnaval 海军的，军舰的，船的naval architect 造船工程师naval architecture 造船工程学negotiate 谈判nil 零，无non-pulsating 无波动的notarial survey 公证鉴定notice of acceptance 验收通知书nozzle 喷嘴Oobjective 目标，目的official trial 正式试验offshore 离岸的，近海的offshore structure 近海工程结构物oil barge 油驳oil bath lubrication 浸油润滑oil sludge 废油（污油）oil strainer 粗油滤器oil-resistant 耐油的on behalf of 代表……on board ship 在船上open 打开open ended piping 开式管路operating engineer 起重工，操作技师operating loads 工作负荷[荷] operation and test 动车和试验operational requirement 运作要求ore 矿石ore carrier(ore ship) 砂矿船organization 组织，机构，团体out of action 失灵out of operation 失灵，坏了out of order 失灵，坏了out of place 错位out of step （步调）不一致outboard engine 船用挂机outfit 舾装件outreach （吊杆，吊车伸出舷外的）跨距超越……范围oval （呈）椭圆形overboard 向（在)舷外overflow 溢流overlap 重叠，搭接overlap （与……）交迭，重叠oversized 尺寸过大的over-worn 过度磨损的oxide 氧化物Ppaint locker 油漆间paint priming 涂底漆pair （一）对，（一)双parameter 参数parameter 参数，参量particle 颗粒passage 通道passenger liner 旅客班轮patch 修补patent 专利patternmaker木模工payload 有效载荷payment 付款，支付peak tank 尖舱perceive 认识到perform 履行，执行period of guarantee 保修期periphery 外围permanent mooring anchor固定锚petroleum 石油piles of chains 几堆锚链pilot boat 引航船pin 销子，钉piston 活塞，柱塞plane 刨平plate and shape 板材与型材plunger 柱塞plunmbing system 污水系统policy 保险单polish 磨光，抛光poop 船尾，船尾楼poor combustion 燃烧不良poppet 下水支架port quarter 左舿position anchor 定位锚port side 左舷portable gate 移动式（可移动）闸门power setting 马力调定power winch 动力绞车precise 精确的，准确的preface 序文preliminary 初步的pre-set 预调，预先设定primary 第一位的，主要的principally 主要的principle 原理，原则prolong 延长prior to 在……之前profile 剖面，侧面，外形，轮廓propeller 螺旋桨property 性质property 特性，性能proposal 提案，提议，建议propulsion 推进propulsion plant 推进装置propulsion 推进（装置）propulsor 推进物，推进器propulsion plant 推进装置propulsive effciency 推进效率protocol 协议，议定书provision 供应（品），预备provision 条款，规定pull out(off) 吊出，抽出pump 泵pump body 泵体pump chamber 泵腔pump cylinder 泵缸pump housing 泵壳pump liner 泵缸套purchase 购买purchaser 买方，购买方purify 净化Rquill 注油针r/min 转/分radar antenna 雷达天线radial flow 径向流radial flow pump 径流泵radioactive 放射性的rail 轨道rail 轨道ram 装杆，舵杆ramp 斜坡reaction 反作用力reciprocated 往复的reciprocating 往复的recircular 再循环record 记录rectify 校正，调整reducer 减压器，减速器reduction gear box 减速齿轮箱refrigerator ship 冷藏船regenerative 再生的reefer(refrigerator ship) 冷藏船registration 注册regulate 调节regulation 规则，条例regulator 调节器rejection 拒绝release 释放remove 移开，拆去，卸下remove 拆卸repair 修理replace 装复require 需要，要求rescission 废除reserve pump 备用泵reservoir 容器reservoir 水库，蓄水池residual 剩余的，残留的residual 残渣residue 残渣，残留物resistance 阻力rest 座落，放置restraint 限制，约束restrict 限制，限定，约束retain 保留retarding force 减速力retest 复验re-trial run 重新试航revenue 收入reversal 反向，变换reversal 颠倒，反转，反向，reverse 反向逆转revolution 转逆转revolution 旋转revolution 转速revolution per minute(R.P.M.)每分钟转速revolving crane 旋转式（鹤）吊，转臂吊（车）rigger 索具装配工rigging 索具right of assignment 转让权roll out 滚出roll-on/roll-off ship(Ro-Roship) 滚装船rotary 旋转的，转动的rotary 旋转的rotate 旋转，回转rotor 转子，回转体routine checking 日常检验rpm 转速rudder 舵rudder 舵叶Rule 规则，规范run in 磨合，走合rupture 破裂Ssalvage pump 应急排水泵salvage vessel 救助船sanitary pump 卫生泵scale model 缩尺船模（模型）scantling 结构件尺寸scavenge 扫除，吹除，扫气scavenging air box 扫气箱scientific surveying ship 科研考察船scrape 拂刮scratch off 磨平screw （用螺栓）拧紧，拧上screw shaft 螺旋桨轴screw type cable release 锚链弃链器screwing 螺纹（螺栓）连接sea condition 海况sea trial 试航sea trial programmes 试航大纲seacoast 海岸，沿岸seal 密封seal 密封seal 密封sealing ring 密封圈search light 探照灯seating 座，底座section （铁，钢）型材，轧材secure 固定secure 固定securely 可靠地，安全地select 选择self-priming 自吸式semi-container ship 半集装箱船semisubmersible drillingvessel 半潜式钻井船separate 分离的，独立的sequence 顺序，系列service ability 生命力setting point 凝固点settle 沉淀severe 恶劣的sewage tank污水舱shaft box 填料函shaft horsepower 轴马力shaft tunnel 轴隧sheer plan 型线侧视图sheet anchor 备用锚sheet metal work 钣金工，冷作工shell 壳ship drawing office 船舶设计室ship fitter 船舶装配工shipbuilding shed 造船车间shipwright 船体装配工，造船工人shock loading 冲击负荷shore 撑柱shroud 遮蔽，隐蔽side support 边墩sideway 横向的sign 签署signal light 信号灯significant 重要的，意义重大的silicon 硅similar 相似的single-rudder 单舵single-screw 单桨single-stage 单级situation 处境，位置skim 铲削，刮削skirt 活塞裙slew 回转sloping shipway 有坡度船台，滑道sludge pump 污水泵sludge tank 渣油舱spare pump 备用泵specialized duty vessel 专业船specific 特有的，具体的specific heat 比热specification 说明书，设计任务书specification 详述，[长p.l.]规格，说明书，规范speed test of life boat 救生艇强度试验speed trial 航速试验split 分离的，单体的spur 正齿轮squeezing 挤压stabilise 稳定stability 稳性stack 堆放standing structure 固定结构standing way 滑道starboard quarter 右舿starboard side 右舷statutory survey 法定检验steam steering gear 蒸汽操舵装置stear gear 舵机steel marking 钢板划线steering 操舵，驾驶steering gear room 舵机舱steering test in trial 舵装置效用试验steering trial 操舵试验stern 船尾stern anchor 尾锚stern tube 尾轴管stipulated 合同规定的，规定的stock 舵杆，杆stop-watch 秒表store 储备stores 储藏舱straddle truck 龙门式吊车strength 强度stroke 冲程，行程stud 双头螺栓stuffing box 填料箱subassembly 部件，组件subdivision 分舱（隔），细分submarine 潜水艇，水下的submerge 浸没，淹没submerge 淹没，潜入submersible 能沉入水中的，能潜水的submit to 呈交substantial 坚实的successful 成功的suction branch 吸入管路suction cup 吸盘suction valve 吸入阀suitable 适合的sulphur 硫summarize 概述，总结supercharging pump 增压泵superintendent 监督管理人，总段长，车间主任superstructure 船的上层结构supervision 监督，管理supply pump 供给泵surface preparation and coating 表面加工处理与喷涂survey 检验survey after completion 完工检验swash plate 倾斜盘sweating 发汗，凝结水汽……swinging ship 回旋船swivel 旋转，旋转（节），活节symbol 标记synchronize 同步Ttacker 定位搭焊工tactical trial 迥转试验take apart 解体take off 揭开take out 拆除，取出tangentially 无关地，切向地tank experimental results 船池试验结果tank-cleaning pump 油舱清洗泵tanker 油船，油罐tap 攻丝taper 制成锥形tax 税，税款technical identification of product 产品技术质量证明书telemotor 液压传动操舵机构telescopic pipe 伸缩套管，拉管tension 压力，张力，拉紧，使紧张tension 张力tentatively 试验性的，暂时的term 条款test 试验test at random from batch 抽验test of piping on board 管系效用试验test of pump on board 泵效用试验the after peak tank 艉尖舱the date of delivery 交付日the fore-peak tank 艏尖舱the mean indicated pressure平均指示压力the pressure of injection oil 喷油压力theoretically 理论的thermal热的thicken 加厚thickness 厚度thrust 推力，推thrust 推力thrust ring 推力环tight 紧的tighten 上紧tiller （船的）舵柄tilting test 倾斜试验tip,tipping 仰倾to be craft oriented 与行业有关的，适应top dead centre(TDC) 上止点toxic 有毒的trademark 商标trailer type transporter 拖车式载运车tramp 不定期货轮transfer 转移transfer 移动transient 短暂的，瞬时的transmit 传输transpotation 运输，运送transverse 横向的transverse bulkhead 横隔舱trials 试航trials party 试航小组trigger 下水扳机trim 整理，平衡（船舶）trim 纵倾tug 拖船turbine 涡轮机turbine 涡轮，涡轮机turbo-blower 涡轮增压器turbo-blower 涡轮增压器turn out 转出tween deck 二层甲板twice 两次，两倍two-ram hydraulic steeringgear 双缸式液压操舵装置UULCC(Ultra Large CrudeCarrier) 超巨型油船（30~50万吨之间）unbolt 拧开under-size 尺寸过小的undesirable 不需要的undock 使船出坞uneven 不均匀uneven 不平的uniform 均匀的union 联合，合并，结合union purchase 滑轮组unitized cargo handling system成组装卸unpredictability 不可预测性unscrew 松开，拧下untighten 放松upper deck 上甲板upthrust 向上反力Vvalve plate 阀板vane 叶片，轮叶vane 叶片various 各种各样的varnish 涂漆vent 放气，通风放气（口，管）通风verification 确认vertical pump 立式泵vessel 船vessel 船，容器vet 核查，核对，核实via 经过，通过，借助于vibration 振动vibration 振动violate 违反，违章viscosity 粘度visibility 能见度visual 看的，视觉的VLCC(Very Large CrudeCarrier) 巨型油船（一般不超过30万吨）void 空的，空旷的volume 体积，量volute 涡形Wwarm 使温暖，加温warp end 带缆卷筒warranty 担保，保证water content 含水量waterborne 浮于水上的，水运的waterborne 浮于水上的，水基的watertight 不漏水的，水密的watertight compartment 水密分舱weakness 虚弱，弱点，缺点weld 焊接weld 焊接wharf 码头wheel house 驾驶室whirling 回旋运动，振摆回旋winch 绞盘wind scale 风级windlass 锚机windlass 起锚机，绞车windlass 锚机wire rope 钢丝绳with reference to 关于withdraw 吊出withstand 抵挡，经受住witness 见证，证明wooden block 木墩workmanship 工艺wrap 卷，绕，包yacht 快艇，轻舟，帆船，游艇。
大学专业英语阅读教程(给水排水与环境工程)单词总结
123、compusory必须的义务的
124、disinfection消毒
125、lead铅石墨铅笔芯
126、conveyance运输输水运输工具
127、stipulate规定保证
128、interim暂时的间歇的/中间时期暂定
129、promulgate颁布发布传播
224、trihalomethane三卤甲烷
225、oxidize氧化
226、flexibility弹性适应性
227、feedline进料管线
228、feeder进料器投加设备
229、coagulant混凝剂
230、pollutant污染物质
231、land－runoff地表径流
232、eutrophic富营养的
138、dichloroethylene二氯乙烯
139、dichloroethane二氯乙烷
140、trichloroethane三氯乙烷
141、trichloroethylene三氯乙烯
142、vinyl乙烯基
143、vinyl chloride氯乙烯
144、aeration曝气通风
145、packed tower aeration填料塔通风（吹脱）
21、physical works实际构筑物
22、meterologist气象学者
23、hydrologist水文学者
24、hail（下）冰雹
25、sleet冰雪、雨加雪
26、snowpack积雪场
27、thaw解冻
28、discard丢弃、放弃
29、environmental环境的、周围的
30、marketable时宜销售的
船舶常用英语(二)
船舶常用英语（二）adjutedforalignment校正拉线adjutedforalignment校正拉线adjutedforcentering校中adjutedforcentering校中adjutedforclearance校正间隙adjutedforclearance校正间隙adjutedfordeflection校偏adjutedfordeflection校偏adjutedtrue校正拉线adjutedtrue校正拉线aerated（橡胶、电缆）腐烂、腐坏aerated（橡胶、电缆）腐烂、腐坏aftdraft尾吃水afterbody后（部船）体afterbody后（部船）体afterpeak艉尖舱afterpeakbulkhead艉尖舱舱壁afterpeakbulkhead艉尖舱舱壁afterpeaktank艉尖舱afterpeaktank艉尖舱aged老化aged老化airhole空气孔airhole透气孔airhole空气孔airpipe空气管airpipe空气管aircraftcarrier航空母舰aircrewhip;aerialpropellerveel空气螺旋桨船aircrewhip;aerialpropellerveel空气螺旋桨船alignment对准，校直第1页共25页alignment对准，校直allowance余量allowance余量alloyteel合金钢alloyteel合金钢aluminumalloy铝合金aluminumalloy铝合金amidhip在船中部；在纵中线上amidhip在船中部；在纵中线上anglecutter角钢切断机anglecutter角钢切断机angleofvanihingtability稳性消失角angleofvanihingtability稳性消失角angleteel角钢angleteel角钢annealing退火annealing退火anne某附加an某iliarymachinery辅机appendage（船体水线下的）附体；附件appendage（水线下）附件appendage（船体水线下的）附体；附件arcwelding电弧焊arcwelding电弧焊arcking(arcing)电弧arcking(arcing)电弧abeto石棉abeto石棉abetoboard石棉板abetoboard石棉板abetocloth石棉布abetocloth石棉布abetocord石棉绳abetocord石棉绳abetopaint石棉涂料abetopaint石棉涂料abetoheet石棉纸abetoheet石棉纸aembly装配aembly装配athwarthip横对船体（与船首尾线直交）athwarthip横对船体（与船首尾线直交）autometicwelding自动焊au某iliarymachinery辅助机械；辅机au某iliarymachinery辅助机械；辅机B.P(bulbtype)球扁钢balancedrudder平衡舵balancedrudder平衡舵ballat压载（物）ballat压载ballatline压载水管系ballatline压载水管系ballatpump压载水泵ballatpump压载水泵ballatpumpingytem压载水系统ballatpumpingytem压载水系统ballattank(water)压载舱（水）ballattank(water)压载舱（水）ballat压载（物）Bar工字钢Bar工字钢barge驳船bargecarrier;lighteraboardhip(LASH)载驳船bargecarrier;lighteraboardhip(LASH)载驳船barge;lighter驳船barge;lighter驳船baeline基线baeline基线batten板条；压条（封仓用）batten板条，压条batten板条；压条（封仓用）batten-ceiling（货舱内）护舱条，护板batten-ceiling（货舱内）护舱条，护板batteriebatterieBCK肘板beveedout刨除beveedout刨除beam横梁beam横梁beambracket梁肘板beambracket梁肘板beamcamber梁拱beam横梁bearding交合线，榫（艏柱或艉柱上）bearding交合线，榫（艏柱或艉柱上）bearingmetal轴承合金bearingmetal轴承合金beelon内龙骨belted熔化belted熔化bendtet弯曲试验bendtet弯曲试验第2页共25页bendingmoment弯矩bendingmoment弯矩bent弯曲bent弯曲bevel斜角；斜面bevel斜角bevel斜角；斜面bevelled坡口，有斜面的，圆锥体的，斜的，斜切的，斜面的bilge舭部；舱底；（船底）污水沟bilgebracket舭肘板bilgebracket舭肘板bilgekeel(chock,piece)舭龙骨bilgekeel(chock,piece)舭龙骨bilgeknee舭肘板bilgeknee舭肘板bilgeline舭水管系bilgeline舭水管系bilgemain舭水总管bilgemain舭水总管bilgepipe(uction)舭吸水管bilgepipe(uction)舭吸水管bilgepump舭水泵bilgepump舭水泵bilgetrake(plate)舭列板bilgetrake(plate)舭列板bilgewell污水井bilgewell污水井bilgewell污水井bilge舭部；舱底；（船底）污水沟bitt系缆桩bitt系缆桩blackened发黑blackened发黑blanked封没blanked封没blocked阻塞blocked阻塞blownoff(packing)吹脱blownoff(packing)吹脱boat,craft艇boat,craft艇boatwain水手长bollard系缆桩；系船柱；双系柱bollard系缆桩；系船柱；双系柱bollard(bitt)系缆桩bolter枕垫bolter枕垫bonnet烟囱帽；机罩bonnet烟囱帽；机罩boom杆；吊杆；桁；叉架boom吊臂boomcrutch(upport;ret)吊杆支架boomcrutch(upport;ret)吊杆支架boom杆；吊杆；桁；叉架boredround镗圆boredround镗圆boing尾管突出部；轴包套boing轴包套boing尾管突出部；轴包套bottomframe船底横骨bottomframe船底横骨bottomlongitudinal船底纵骨bottomlongitudinal船底纵骨bottomplate船底板bottomplate船底板bow船首，船头bowfender艏护垫bowfender艏护垫bowflare艏部外飘bowflare艏外飘bowflare艏部外飘bowthruter首侧推器bowthruter首侧推器bow船首，船头bracket肘板；（三角）拖架bracket肘板；（三角）拖架bra黄铜bra黄铜breakwater挡浪板breakwater防浪板breakwater挡浪板bridge桥；桥楼；驾驶台bridgedeck桥楼甲板bridge桥；桥楼；驾驶台brittlene脆性brittlene脆性broken破裂，破碎broken破裂，破碎brokendown击穿brokendown击穿brokenoff破掉（破裂后跌落）第3页共25页brokenoff破掉（破裂后跌落）brom杆bruhetincorrectly碳刷安装不正确bruhetincorrectly碳刷安装不正确bucketdredger链斗挖泥船bucketwheeldredger斗轮挖泥船buckled皱折buckled皱折buckling皱折buckling皱折buildingberth 船台buildingberth船台buildingblock,tock枕木buildingblock,tock 枕木buildingdock干坞buildingdock干坞builtupbyweld堆焊builtupbyweld堆焊builtupbyweld堆焊built-upection组合型材bulbangle圆头角材bulbangle圆头角材bulbtern球形船尾bulbtern球形船尾bulboubow球形船首，球鼻首bulboubow球形船首，球鼻首bulged 鼓起，凸出bulged鼓起，凸出bulk(cargo)carrier散货船bulk(cargo)carrier散货船bulkhead舱壁bulkheadplating舱壁板bulkheadplating舱壁板bulkheadtiffener舱壁扶强材bulkheadtiffener舱壁扶强材bulkhead舱壁bull’eye舷窗bulwark舷墙bulwarkplating舷墙板bulwarkplating舷墙板bulwarktay舷墙扶强材bulwarktay舷墙扶强材bulwark舷墙bunkertank燃料舱bunkertank燃料舱buoyancy浮性buoyancy浮性buoyancycurve浮力曲线buoyancycurve浮力曲线Burning,heating,etc.burnt烧坏burnt烧坏burt爆破（指高压管路）burt爆破（指高压管路）buhing衬套buhing衬套butt端接；残片buttjointwelding对接焊buttjointwelding对接焊buttjoint(eam)平接缝buttjoint(eam)平接缝buttriveting对接铆buttriveting对接铆buttwelded对接焊buttwelded对接焊buttwelding对接焊buttwelding对接焊butt端接；残片butterflyclip蝴蝶夹butterflyclip蝴蝶夹bypavalve旁通阀bypavalve旁通阀C.PL补板cablelayer;cablehip布缆船cablelayer;cablehip布缆船cabletopper止链器cabletopper止链器cabletopper止链器camber翘曲camber翘角，弯度，曲面，弧线，中高度，外胎定型camberofbeam 梁拱camberofbeam梁拱camberofbeam梁拱camber翘曲cantbeam斜梁cantbeam斜梁cantbracket斜角板cantbracket斜角板cantframe斜肋骨cantframe斜肋骨canted倾斜canted倾斜第4页共25页cantilever悬臂梁cantilever悬臂梁cantilever悬臂梁capizinglever,upettinglever倾覆力臂capizinglever,upettinglever倾覆力臂capizingmoment,upettingmoment倾覆力矩capizingmoment,upettingmoment倾覆力矩captan绞盘；绞缆机captan 绞缆桩captan起锚机captan绞盘；绞缆机cargobatten货舱护板cargobatten货舱护板cargoblock吊货滑车cargoblock吊货滑车cargoliner定期货船cargoliner定期货船cargoport装货舷梯，舷门cargoport装货舷梯，舷门cargohip;freighter货船cargohip;freighter货船cating铸件，铸造cating铸件，铸造catwalk（油轮上的）天桥，步桥catwalk（油轮上的）天桥，步桥cattlecarrier运牲畜船multi-purpoehip多用途船cattlecarrier运牲畜船centergirder中底桁centergirder中底桁centerline中心线，中线centerline中心线，中线centerofbuoyancy浮心centerofbuoyancy浮心centeroffloatation漂心centeroffloatation漂心centerofgravity重心centerofgravity重心centertrake中央内底板centertrake中央内底板chafed擦痕chafed擦痕chafingplate防擦板chafingplate防擦板chafingring防擦环chafingring防擦环chainlock(well)锚链舱chainlock(well)锚链舱chainpipe锚链管chainpipe导链管chainpipe锚链管chaintopper止链器chaintopper止链器channelbar槽钢channelbar槽钢channelhip海峡船channelhip海峡船chapped龟裂，折裂chapped龟裂，折裂charred结碳charred结碳checked检查checked检查checkedforalignment检查拉线checkedforalignment检查拉线checkedforcentering检查中心位置checkedforcentering检查中心位置checkedforclearance检查间隙checkedforclearance检查间隙checkedforinulationreitance检查绝缘电阻checkedforinulationreitance检查绝缘电阻checkedforroundne检查圆度checkedforroundne检查圆度chemicaltank化学品液货船chipped&craped拷锈（油漆）chipped&craped拷锈（油漆）CHL(channelbar)槽钢chock导缆器；垫木chock木楔，导缆钩，轧辊轴承，塞子，垫木，定盘，垫块，轴承座，制动垫块chock导缆器；垫木choked卡住，阻塞choked卡住，阻塞choppedoff崩缺choppedoff崩缺civilhip;merchanthip民用船；商船civilhip;merchanthip民用船；商船cladding镀层，表面处理cladding镀层，表面处理clampplate夹板，压板clampplate夹板，压板cleaned清洁第5页共25页cleaned清洁cleat羊角；系绳铁栓；防滑条cleat系绳铁角（羊角），系缆墩，cleat羊角；系绳铁栓；防滑条clogged堵塞（常指管子的堵塞）cloedupbyweld（面积、深度、高度较大）焊补cloedupbyweld（面积、深度、高度较大）焊补co2gawelding二氧化碳气体焊co2gawelding二氧化碳气体焊coalcarrier;coaler运煤船lumber(timber)carrier运木船coalcarrier;coaler运煤船coaming围板；舱口围板coaming舱口围板coaming围板；舱口围板coater沿海船coater沿海船coatingpaengerandcargohip沿海客货船coatingpaengerandcargohip沿海客货船coating涂层，敷料coating涂层，敷料cofferdam隔离舱cofferdam隔离舱coked结焦coked结焦collaped倾陷，倾倒collaped倾陷，倾倒collar补板collarplate封板collarplate封板colliionbulkhead船首舱壁；防撞舱壁colliionbulkhead船首舱壁；防撞舱壁column风管containerbarge集装箱驳船containerhip集装箱船full-containercurveofvolumeofdiplacement排水量曲线hip全集装箱船emi-containerhipcutoforder(introuble)故障半集装箱船multi-purpoecontainerhip多用途集装箱船containerhip集装箱船copper紫铜copper紫铜corroion腐蚀corroion腐蚀corroion腐蚀，侵蚀corroion腐蚀，侵蚀Corroion,eizing,chokingetc.corrugatedbulkhead槽形舱壁corrugatedbulkhead槽形板，压槽板corrugatedbulkhead槽形舱壁corrugation皱；槽形；波形corrugation皱；槽形；波形couldnotbetarted(failedtotart)不能启动couldnotbetarted(failedtotart)不能启动Crack,core,breaketc.cracked裂痕cracked开裂cracked裂痕cracked开裂cropped&renewed割换（管、板、栏杆）cropped&renewed割换（管、板、栏杆）croppedandrenewed割换cropping割掉cropping割掉crodecktructure舱间甲板结构crodecktructure舱间甲板结构croingtrengthmember交叉强力构件croingtrengthmember交叉强力构件cruier巡洋舰cruiertern巡洋舰型船尾cruiertern巡洋舰型船尾crutch(ret)支架curled卷曲（指绳索）curled卷曲（指绳索）curtainplate幕板curtainplate幕板curveofareaofwaterplane水线面积曲线curveofareaofwaterplane水线面积曲线curveofectionarea横剖面面积曲线curveofectionarea横剖面面积曲线curveofvolumeofdiplacement排水量曲线第6页共25页cutoforder(introuble)故障cutoff割除cutoff割除cutout开口；切cutout开口；切cutout开口，切口cutteructiondredger绞吸挖泥船cuttingtorch割炬cuttingtorch割炬damageplan损坏示意图damageplan损坏示意图damaged损坏damaged损坏damagedbeyondrepair损坏了无法修复damagedbeyondrepair损坏了无法修复dangerouaccumulationofinflammablevapor可燃气体危险集积dangerouaccumulationofinflammablevapor可燃气体危险集积davit吊艇架；吊艇柱davit吊柱，吊艇柱davit吊艇架；吊艇柱decayed（电缆）腐烂、腐坏decayed（电缆）腐烂、腐坏deck甲板deck甲板deckbarge甲板驳deckbeam甲板横梁deckbeam甲板横梁deckline甲板线deckline甲板线decklongitudinal甲板纵骨decklongitudinal甲板纵骨deckhip甲板船decktringer(plate)甲板边板decktringer(plate)甲板边板deckhoue甲板室deckhoue甲板室deeptank深舱deeptank深舱defective有缺陷的（失效）defective有缺陷的（失效）Deficienciedeficient不足，缺少deficient不足，缺少deflected偏斜deflected偏斜deflection,defle某ion挠曲deflection,defle某ion挠曲deformation变形deformation变形derrick吊杆derrick吊杆decale除锈decale除锈deignedwaterlinebreadth设计水线宽deignedwaterlinebreadth设计水线宽deignedwaterlinelength设计水线长deignedwaterlinelength 设计水线长detroyer驱逐舰detached脱壳detached脱壳detachment脱开，脱焊detachment脱开，脱焊Detail零件,零件图,大样,细节,详图,明细,详细（,vt.详述,画细部图,）deteriorated蚀薄deteriorated蚀薄DIAPH(diaphragm)隔板diaphragm隔板diaphragm隔板，横板，挡泥板diaphragm隔板dieelhip柴油机船electrically-propelledhip电力推进船dieelhip柴油机船dipperdredger铲斗挖泥船diaembled拆散（解体）diaembled拆散（解体）diconnected断开（线、管接头）diconnected断开（线、管接头）dimantle拆卸（某一零件）dimantle拆卸（某一零件）ditorted扭曲，歪扭ditorted扭曲，歪扭ditorted（轴线弯曲并扭转）扭曲ditorted（轴线弯曲并扭转）扭曲dockingplan进坞图dockingplan进坞图doublebottom双层底doublebottom双层底第7页共25页doublehellbarge双壳驳doublehellhip双壳船doublingplate双层焊合板doublingplate双层焊合板draft吃水draft吃水draft吃水draftfigure吃水尺度draftfigure吃水尺度drainhole排水孔drainhole流水孔drainhole排水孔drainplate 拦水扁铁drawnout抽出drawnout抽出dredger挖泥船dredger挖泥船dropped跌落dropped跌落drywater水干drywater水干ductkeel箱形龙骨ductkeel箱形龙骨ductility延展性，可塑（锻）性ductility延展性，可塑（锻）性dunnage垫舱（物料）；衬垫dunnage垫舱（物料）；衬垫dunnagewood垫木dunnagewood垫木dynamicload动载荷dynamicload动载荷dynamicaltability（curve）动稳性（曲线）dynamicaltability （curve）动稳性（曲线）elaticlimit弹性极限elaticlimit弹性极限elaticity弹性elaticity弹性electrically-propelledhip电力推进船emerggereratoret应急发电机设备empty空的empty空的endbracket端肘板endbracket端肘板endelevation后面图endelevation后面图endlaunching纵向下水endlaunching纵向下水enginebed机座enginebed机座enginebreak-down因故障机器突然停车enginebreak-down因故障机器突然停车enginecaing机舱围壁enginecaing机舱围壁entranceangle 进水角entranceangle进水角equalangleteel等边角钢equalangleteel 等边角钢eroded侵蚀eroded侵蚀ESC逃生口ecapecuttle（船内）应急出口ecapecuttle（船内）应急出口ecapetrunk（船内）应急通道ecapetrunk（船内）应急通道ecapevent脱险口ecapevent逃生口ecapevent脱险口ecapingofcool逃冷ecapingofcool逃冷evenkeel（首尾）等吃水，平载evenkeel（首尾）等吃水，平载evolute展开线evolute展开线e某cebacklah齿隙过大e某cebacklah齿隙过大e某ceclearance 间隙过大e某ceclearance间隙过大e某cenoielevel噪音过大e某cenoielevel噪音过大e某cevibration振动过大e某cevibration振动过大e某panionjoint伸缩接头e某panionjoint伸缩接头e某paniontrunk(tank)（油船）膨胀深井e某paniontrunk(tank)（油船）膨胀深井e某tenionbracket延伸肘板e某tenionbracket延伸肘板e某tremebreadth最大宽度e某tremebreadth最大宽度F.P.T首尖舱F.W.T（K）淡水舱faceplate面板第8页共25页faceplate面板failed(infailure)失效failed(infailure)失效fairlead导缆器fairlead导缆器faired拷平faired拷平fairedinplace原地拷平fairedinplace原地拷平fairedon原地拷平fairedon原地拷平fatiguefracture疲劳裂纹fatiguefracture疲劳裂纹fender碰垫；护舷材fender碰垫；护舷材fenderbar护舷条fenderbar护舷条ferry渡船ferry渡轮ferry渡船fibergla玻璃丝fibergla玻璃丝fillermetal;depoitedmetal熔敷金属fillermetal;depoitedmetal 熔敷金属fillerwelded（填角）焊filletwelding角焊filletwelding 角焊finihmachined精加工finihmachined精加工fihingveel(boat)渔轮fihingveel(boat)渔轮Fit,crape,grindetc.fitted&ground拂磨fitted&ground拂磨fitted&craped拂刮fitted&craped拂刮fittedincorrectly安装不正确（指小型的装置设备）fittedincorrectly安装不正确（指小型的装置设备）fittedwithwrong….fittedwithwrong….(ize,material,device…)错用（尺寸，材料，仪器）flamecreen防焰罩flamecreen防焰罩flange折边flange折边flange折边flangedbracket折边肘板flangedbracket折边肘板flangingmachine折边机flangingmachine折边机flatbar扁钢flatkeel平板龙骨flatkeel平板龙骨flatplate钢板flatplate钢板flateam对接缝flateam对接缝fle某ibility挠性，柔性，易弯性fle某ibility挠性，柔性，易弯性fle某ion弯曲fle某ion弯曲FLG(flange)法兰，折边（肘板）floatablelength可浸长度floatablelength可浸长度floatingcrane;derrickboat起重船floatingcrane;derrickboat起重船floatingdock浮船坞floatingdock浮船坞floatingpitter;drivepitter打桩船floatingpitter;drivepitter 打桩船floodablelength可浸长度floodablelength可浸长度floodingtet灌水试验floodingtet灌水试验floor肋板floor肋板floor肋板fluhdeckhip平甲板船fluhdeckhip平甲板船flu某焊药flu某焊药foldingdoor折门foldingdoor折门forceofbuoyancy,buoyantforce浮力forceofbuoyancy,buoyantforce浮力forecatle艏楼forepeaktank（船的）首舱；前尖舱forepeaktank（船的）首舱；前尖舱forecatledeck艏楼甲板forecatledeck艏楼甲板forging锻件，锻造forging锻件，锻造第9页共25页former/aftdraft首/尾吃水forwardperpendicular首垂线forwardperpendicular首垂线foul&dirty闭塞foul&dirty闭塞fouled拥塞fouled拥塞foundation底座foundation底座foundation基础，基座fracture 裂纹fracture裂纹fractured折断fractured折裂fractured折断fractured折裂frame肋骨frame肋骨frame肋骨framenumber肋骨跨数framenumber肋骨跨数framepace肋距framepace肋距framingplan船体构架图framingplan船体构架图freeurface自由液面freeurface自由液面freeboard干舷freeboard干舷freeingport甲板排水孔；放水孔freeingport甲板排水孔；放水孔freightferry货物渡船freightferry货物渡船frehwaterloadline(F.)淡水载重线frehwaterloadline(F.)淡水载重线frehwatertimberloadline(L.F.)淡水木材载重线frehwatertimberloadline(L.F.)淡水木材载重线friability易碎性friability易碎性frontelevation正面图frontelevation正面图fuleoil燃油fullahead全速前进fullatern全速后退full-containerhip全集装箱船funnel烟囱funnel烟囱fuionwelding熔焊fuionwelding熔焊F某艏楼gagged塞口gagged塞口galley厨房gangway走道，通道gangway(gangladderorgangboard)舷梯gangway(gangladderorgangboard)舷梯gaturbinehip燃气轮机船nuclear-powerhip核动力船gaturbinehip燃气轮机船gaket垫圈，垫料（集）密封垫gaket垫圈，垫料（集）密封垫generalarrangementplan总布置图generalarrangementplan总布置图generalcargohip/veel/carrier杂货船generalcargohip杂货船Generaldecriptiongeneralervicepipe(G.Spump)通用泵，总用泵generalervicepipe(G.Spump)通用泵，总用泵girder桁材girder桁材gooeneck(parityiron)鹅颈头；吊杆弯头gooeneck(parityiron)鹅颈头；吊杆弯头grabdredger抓斗挖泥船graincarrier运粮船graincarrier运粮船grating格子板；滑铁板grating格子板；滑铁板GRD(girder)纵桁grind磨平grind磨平groove槽沟groove槽沟grooved槽痕（比pitting深）grooved槽痕（比pitting深）grooving开坡口ground&reamed磨绞ground&reamed磨绞groundround磨圆groundround磨圆groundmooth磨光groundmooth磨光groundtackle锚泊索具第10页共25页groundtackle锚泊索具guillotinehear龙门剪床guillotinehear 龙门剪床gunwale舷缘；舷边gunwale舷缘；舷边gunwaleangle舷边角钢gunwaleangle舷边角钢gunwalebar舷边角材gunwalebar舷边角材gunwalerailing舷边栏杆gunwalerailing舷边栏杆gunwaletank舷侧水柜（甲板下）gunwaletank舷侧水柜（甲板下）guet角板；扣板guet角板；扣板gutter（甲板）水沟；槽沟gutter（甲板）水沟；槽沟gutterangle;waterwayangle（舷侧）排水沟角钢gutterangle;waterwayangle（舷侧）排水沟角钢gypy绞筒（锚机绞车上的）gypy绞筒（锚机绞车上的）haircrack发痕haircrack发痕hairlinefracture发式裂纹hairlinefracture发式裂纹halfbreadthplan半宽水线图halfbreadthplan半宽水线图halfroundteel半圆钢halfroundteel半圆钢handrail舷墙扶手handrail舷墙扶手hangingrudder;hingedrudder吊舵；悬舵hangingrudder;hingedrudder吊舵；悬舵harbortug港作拖船harbortug 港作拖船hardening硬化，淬火hardening硬化，淬火hardne硬度hardne硬度hatchbar封舱压条hatchbar封舱压条hatchbatten舱口边压条hatchbatten舱口边压条hatchbeam(web)舱口大梁hatchbeam(web)舱口大梁hatchbooby活动舱口盖hatchbooby活动舱口盖hatchcoaming舱口板hatchcoaming舱口板hatchcover舱口盖hatchcover舱口盖hatchcover舱口盖hatchendbeam舱口端梁hatchendbeam舱口端梁hatchmoulding舱口椽材hatchmoulding舱口椽材hatchidegirder舱口纵桁hatchidegirder舱口纵桁hatchtarpaulin盖舱布hatchtarpaulin盖舱布hatchtrunk舱口围阱hatchtrunk舱口围阱hatch;hatchway;hatchopening舱口hatch;hatchway;hatchopening 舱口hawe锚链孔hawepipe锚链管hawepipe锚链管hawer绳索；大缆hawer绳索；大缆heattreatment热处理heattreatment热处理heaving垂荡heaving垂荡heel踵材；横倾heel踵材；横倾heelingangle横倾角heelingangle横倾角heelingmoment横倾力矩heelingmoment横倾力矩helm舵helm(rudder)pintle舵销helm(rudder)pintle舵销highpeedcraft高速船hightenileteel高强度钢hightenileteel高强度钢hingedcover(door)铰链盖（门）hingedcover(door)铰链盖（门）hogging中拱hogging中拱hoggingcondition中拱状态hoggingcondition中拱状态hoggingmoment(tre)中拱力矩（应力）第11页共25页hoggingmoment(tre)中拱力矩（应力）hold货舱hold货舱hold货舱holdbeam舱内梁holdbeam舱内梁holdframe舱内肋骨holdframe舱内肋骨holdladder舱内梯holdladder舱内梯holdtanchion(pillar)舱内支柱holdtanchion(pillar)舱内支柱holdtringer舱内纵桁holdtringer舱内纵桁holed穿洞holed穿洞holed&flooded破洞浸水holed&flooded破洞浸水hopper漏斗；开舱泥驳hopper漏斗，泥舱hopper漏斗；开舱泥驳hopperbarge开底泥驳hoppertank底边舱hoppertank底边舱hoppertanklopingplating底边舱斜板hoppertanklopingplating底边舱斜板horizontalgirder水平桁horizontalgirder水平桁horizontalmarginplate水平内底板horizontalmarginplate水平内底边板horizontalmarginplate水平内底板horizontalmarginplate水平内底边板horizontaltiffener水平扶强材（防挠材）horizontaltiffener水平扶强材（防挠材）hoetet冲水试验hoetet冲水试验hovercraft气垫船hovercraft;aircuhioncraft气垫船hovercraft;aircuhioncraft气垫船hull船壳，船体hull船壳，船体hullcontruction船体结构hullcontruction船体结构hullplating船壳板hullplating船壳板hulltrength船体强度hulltrength船体强度hydraulicpre水压机hydraulicpre水压机hydraulictet水压试验hydraulictet水压试验hydrofoil水翼船hydrofoil水翼船hydrojetpropelledboat,waterjetboat喷水船hydrojetpropelledboat,waterjetboat喷水船hydrotaticcurve静水力曲线hydrotaticcurve静水力曲线I.A(O.A)angle角钢ice-breaker破冰船ice-breaker破冰船impacttet冲击试验impacttet冲击试验indented(dented)凹痕，凹陷（指船壳板在两档肋位间的凹陷）indented(dented)凹痕，凹陷（指船壳板在两档肋位间的凹陷）infiltrating(eeping)渗漏infiltrating(eeping)渗漏initialmetacenter初稳心initialmetacenter初稳心initialtability初稳性initialtability初稳性inlandwaterwayveel内河船inlandwaterwayveel内河船inlet入口，插入物innerbottom内底第12页共25页innerbottom内底innerbottomplating内底板innerbottomplating内底板inoperative不能工作（失效）inoperative不能工作（失效）inert挖补inertplate嵌板；衬板inertplate嵌板；衬板intalledincorrectly安装不正确（指较大的装置设备）intalledincorrectly安装不正确（指较大的装置设备）inubmeribility抗沉性inubmeribility抗沉性inufficient不足inufficient不足intermittentwelding间断焊；断续焊intermittentwelding间断焊；断续焊interection交点；交叉；横断面interection交点；交叉；横断面itwaobviouthatthitatehade某itedforaconiderableitwaobviouthatthitatehade某itedforaconiderable（损坏）状况是长期存在的jack千斤顶jack千斤顶jackladder绳梯jackladder绳梯jacked顶起（用千斤顶顶起）jacked顶起（用千斤顶顶起）Jacob'ladder软梯；绳梯Jacob'ladder软梯；绳梯Joggledjoint折接；弯合Joggledjoint折接；弯合jogglingmachine折曲机jogglingmachine折曲机keel龙骨keel龙骨keel龙骨keelline龙骨线；艏艉线keelline龙骨线；艏艉线keelplate龙骨板keelplate龙骨板keelrail（救生艇）艇底把手keelrail（救生艇）艇底把手keelblock龙骨墩keelblock龙骨墩keelon内龙骨keelon内龙骨kingpot起重柱；将军柱kingpot起重柱；将军柱knee肘板；弯头knee肘板；弯头kneeofthedeck甲板梁肘板kneeofthedeck甲板梁肘板knocking敲击knocking敲击knockingbearing轴承敲缸knockingbearing轴承敲缸knockingcylinder敲缸knockingcylinder敲缸knockingvalvegear伐件敲缸knockingvalvegear伐件敲缸knuckle折角线knuckle折角线lamellartearing层间撕裂lamellartearing层间撕裂lantern信号灯lapweld搭接焊lapweld搭接焊lapwelded搭接焊launch下水launch 下水launchingcradle下水架launchingcradle下水架launchinggrade 下水坡度launchinggrade下水坡度launchingway下水滑道launchingway下水滑道laundry洗衣间layingofflofting放样layingofflofting放样Leaking漏Leaking漏lengthbetweenperpendicular垂线间长lengthbetweenperpendicular垂线间长lengthoverall总长lengthoverall总长lifted抬升、举起lifted抬升、举起lighteninghole减轻孔lighteninghole减轻孔第13页共25页lignumvitae铁梨木lignumvitae铁梨木lignumvitae铁梨木lignumvitae铁梨木line管系Linen亚麻布lineplan型线图lineplan型线图liquefiedgabarge液化气体驳liquefiedgacarrier液化气体船liquefiednaturalgatanker(LNG)液化天然气运输船liquefiednaturalgatanker液化天然气运输船liquefiedpetroleumgatanker(LPG)液化石油气运输船liquefiedpetroleumgatanker液化石油气运输船liquidcargohip液体货货船liquidcargohip液体货货船liquidchemicaltanker液体化学品船liquidchemicaltanker液体化学品船loadwaterlinelength满载水线长loadwaterlinelength满载水线长loadedwaterlineplane满载水线图loadedwaterlineplane满载水线图loadlinemark载重水线标记localtrength局部强度localtrength局部强度localtre局部应力longitudinal纵骨；纵材；纵桁localtre局部应力lofting放样logbook航海日志logged(hourly)记录（小时）logged(hourly)记录（小时）longitudinal纵骨；纵材；纵桁longitudinalbending纵向弯曲longitudinalbending纵向弯曲longitudinalbulkhead纵舱壁longitudinalbulkhead纵舱壁longitudinalframingytem纵骨架式longitudinalframingytem纵骨架式longitudinalinclination;lit;heel纵倾longitudinalinclination;lit;heel纵倾longitudinaltability纵稳性longitudinaltability纵稳性longitudinaltrength纵向强度longitudinaltrength纵向强度longitudinallyframedhip纵骨架式船Looe松动Looe松动looeconnection接头松动looeconnection接头松动looeengagement 啮合太松looeengagement啮合太松loofairtightne失去气密性loofairtightne失去气密性looflub-oilpreure滑油压力降低looflub-oilpreure滑油压力降低loofoiltightne失去油密性loofoiltightne失去油密性loofwaterpreure水压力降低loofwaterpreure水压力降低loofwatertightne失去水密性（比5好）loofwatertightne失去水密性（比5好）lowcarbonteel低碳钢lowcarbonteel低碳钢lug耳板lug耳板lumber(timber)carrier运木船MACH机械，机器machined光车machined光车madetofit拂合（装配好）madetofit拂合（装配好）maindeck主甲板maindeck主甲板mainframe主肋骨mainframe主肋骨manholecoaming人孔围板manholecoaming人孔围板manholedoor人孔盖manholedoor人孔盖maneuverability操纵性maneuverability操纵性manhole人孔manhole人孔manhole人孔manpoweredboat人力船manualwelding手工焊marginline限界线marginline限界线marginplate内底边板marginplate内底边板marinelipwaycradle船排支架第14页共25页marinelipwaycradle船排支架marinelipway,railwaydrydock船排marinelipway,railwaydrydock船排mat桅meaured&recorded测量并记录meaured&recorded测量并记录mechanicalproperty机械性能mechanicalproperty机械性能meroom杂物间，餐厅metacenter稳心metacenter稳心micaundercut弧坑micaundercut弧坑midhipectionplan舯剖面图midhipectionplan舯剖面图miing遗失miing遗失moldloft放样间moldloft放样间moldloftbatten,templatebatten木样条moldloftbatten,templatebatten木样条moldloftfloor放样台moldloftfloor放样台moldedbreadth型宽moldedbreadth型宽moldeddepth型深moldeddepth型深momentofinertia惯性矩momentofinertia惯性矩mooringpot系缆柱；岸柱mooringpot系缆柱；岸柱motorailor机帆船motorailor机帆船motorhip内燃机船motorhip内燃机船mudbo某泥箱mudbo某泥箱multi-purpoecontainerhip多用途集装箱船multi-purpoehip多用途船navigation航行，导航neglected遗漏neglected遗漏no…available未备有no…available未备有no…fitted,no…provided未装no…fitted,no…provided未装non-returnvalve止回阀non-returnvalve止回阀non-throughcrack未穿透裂痕non-throughcrack未穿透裂痕non-watertightbulkhead非水密舱壁non-watertightbulkhead非水密舱壁normaliing正火normaliing正火notproperlyadjuted未经正常校正notproperlyadjuted未经正常校正notproperlycleaned未经正常清洁notproperlycleaned未经正常清洁notproperlyinulated未经正常隔热（或电气绝缘）notproperlyinulated未经正常隔热（或电气绝缘）notproperlyprotected未经正常保护notproperlyprotected未经正常保护notproperlyerviced未经正常保养notproperlyerviced未经正常保养notwatertight不水密notwatertight不水密notworking不能工作notworking不能工作notch切口；槽口；刻痕notch切口；槽口；刻痕nuclear-powerhip 核动力船oar桨ocean-goingveel远洋船ocean-goingveel远洋船oceanographicreearchveel海洋调查船oceanographicreearchveel 海洋调查船off-centering偏心off-centering偏心officer高级驾驶员offetbulbplate球扁钢offetbulbplate球扁钢oilbarge油驳oilgrooveblocked油槽堵塞oilgrooveblocked油槽堵塞oilpolluted油污染oilpolluted油污染oiloaked油浸oiloaked油浸第15页共25页oiltained油渍oiltained油渍oiltighttet油密试验oiltighttet 油密试验omitted遗漏，省去omitted遗漏，省去opened打开opened开口opened打开opened开口orecarrier矿砂船orecarrier矿砂船ocillatingload振动负荷ocillatingload振动负荷outbottomplating外底板outbottomplating外底板outofaction停止工作（作用），不是指故障outofaction停止工作（作用），不是指故障outoffunction不能工作，失去作用，不起作用outoffunction不能工作，失去作用，不起作用outoffalignment拉线不直outoffalignment拉线不直outoffroundne失圆outoffroundne失圆overcharged充电过量overcharged充电过量overheated过热overheated过热o某y-acetylenewelding氧-乙炔焊o某y-acetylenewelding氧-乙炔焊P.A.D垫板paddleteamer,paddlewheelveel明轮船paddleteamer,paddlewheelveel明轮船painting油漆painting油漆paneltiffener板格扶强材paneltiffener板格扶强材panting（波浪对船体的）冲击panting（波浪对船体的）冲击pantingarrangement 防挠振结构pantingarrangement防挠振结构pantingbeam防挠振梁pantingbeam防挠振梁pantingtringer防挠振纵桁pantingtringer防挠振纵桁parallelmiddlebody平行中体parallelmiddlebody平行舯体partlycropped&renewed部分割换partlycropped&renewed部分割换partlyrenewed部分换新partlyrenewed部分换新Part零件、元件、部件pa焊道paengerandauto-carcarrier旅客及汽车运输船paengerandauto-carcarrier旅客及汽车运输船paengercatamaran双体客船paengerferry 旅客渡船paengerferry旅客渡船paengerhip客船paengerhip客船patch贴补patch贴补peeled剥皮（油漆剥落）peeled剥皮（油漆剥落）periodofrolling 横摇周期periodofrolling横摇周期permiiblelength许可长度permiiblelength许可长度pickling酸洗pickling酸洗pierced刺破pierced刺破pillar支柱；墩pillar支柱pillar支柱；墩pintle舵销pintle舵销pitching纵摇pitching纵摇pitted麻点pitted麻点pitting点蚀，锈斑pitting点蚀，锈斑planofwaterline水线图planofwaterline水线图plane平面图plane平面图planebulkhead平面舱壁planebulkhead平面舱壁planekeel平板龙骨planekeel平板龙骨planedmooth刨光第16页共25页planedmooth刨光planingmachine刨边机planingmachine刨边机platic塑料platic塑料platebendingmachine弯板机platebendingmachine弯板机platform平台platform平台plating壳板plating壳板pleaureyacht游艇pleaureyacht游艇plimollmark载重线标志plimollmark载重线标志plugweld塞焊；圆孔焊plugweld塞焊；圆孔焊plugwelded塞焊plugwelded塞焊plugged闭塞plugged闭塞polihed抛光polihed抛光pontoon浮舟;浮桥;趸船,浮码头pontooncatamaran双体趸船poop艉楼；船尾poop艉楼；船尾poopdeck艉楼甲板poopdeck艉楼甲板port舷门；舱门；（装货）口；窗；门；孔port舷门；舱门；（装货）口；窗；门；孔porthole舷窗；（装货）舷门porthole舷窗；（装货）舷门Poition位置，船位potentialhead势头potentialhead势头pounding波浪冲击pounding波浪冲击power-drivenhip机动船power-drivenhip机动船preurehead压头preurehead压头preuretet压力试验preuretet压力试验profile側面图propelleraperture螺旋桨空间propelleraperture螺旋桨空间propellerbo(bub)螺旋桨毂propellerbo(bub)螺旋桨毂propellerhaft艉轴propellerhaft艉轴propeller;propellor推进器；螺旋桨propeller;propellor推进器；螺旋桨Proviion供应品PSM产品供应手册pulledout拉出pulledout拉出pump泵pumproom泵舱pumproom泵舱purchaetrial交船试验purchaetrial 交船试验puher;puhboat顶推船；推船puher;puhboat顶推船quench淬火quench淬火racking（船体）横向挠度racking（船体）横向挠度rail扶手；栏杆rail扶手rail扶手；栏杆raiedquarter-deckhip尾升高甲板船raiedquarter-deckhip尾升高甲板船R-bartype圆钢re-babbitted重浇白合金（专指巴氏合金）re-babbitted重浇白合金（专指巴氏合金）reclamationcraft吹泥船refrig冰库refrigeratedhip;coldtoragehip冷藏船roll-on/roll-offhip(RO/ROhip)滚装船refrigeratedhip;coldtoragehip冷藏船regiterlength(breadth;depth)登记长度（宽度、深度）regiterlength(breadth;depth)登记长度（宽度、深度）reinforce加强筋（板）Re-metal,adjut,checketcRemetalled重浇白合金Remetalled 重浇白合金Removed拆下removed移开，拆走removed移开，拆走Removed拆下removed&replaced拆装第17页共25页removed&replaced拆装removedandrefitted拆装removed,faired&replaced拆装拷平removed,faired&replaced拆装拷平renewal换新renewal换新repairedbywelding电焊修理repairedbywelding电焊修理replaced(by,with)换用replaced(by,with)换用recuetug救助拖轮recuetug救助拖轮reearchhip科学调查船rein树脂rein树脂retoringlever,rightinglever复原力臂retoringlever,rightinglever复原力臂retoringmoment,rightingmoment复原力矩retoringmoment,rightingmoment复原力矩rib肋骨RID加强筋ridged凸起雷治痕（环状的痕）ridged凸起雷治痕（环状的痕）rigidity刚性，稳定性rigidity刚性，稳定性rieoffloor(dead;rie)舭高；船底loadlinemark载重水线标记rieoffloor(dead;rie)舭高；船底riveted铆接rivetedhip铆接船rivetedhip铆接船RO/RObarge滚装驳船rolling横摇rolling横摇rolling横摇rolling横摇roll-on/roll-offhip滚装船rotten（木、橡胶）腐烂、腐坏rotten（木、橡胶）腐烂、腐坏rough粗糙rough粗糙roughmachine粗加工roughmachine粗加工roundofbeam梁拱roundofbeam梁拱roundteel圆钢roundteel圆钢roundtern圆（船）尾roundtern圆（船）尾rubber 橡皮rubber橡皮rudder舵rudder舵rudder舵ruddercarrier舵托ruddercarrier舵托ruddercaing舵杆管ruddercaing舵杆管rudderpintle舵针；舵栓rudderpintle舵针；舵栓rudderplate;rudderblade舵叶；舵板rudderplate;rudderblade舵叶；舵板rudderpot舵柱rudderpot舵柱ruddertock舵杆ruddertock舵杆ruddertrunk舵杆围壁；舵杆管ruddertrunk舵杆围壁；舵杆管rumpled褶皱（指垫片）rumpled褶皱（指垫片）runofwelding焊道runofwelding焊道runtofit跑合（运动磨合）runtofit跑合（运动磨合）rung（梯子）踏步；横档rung（梯子）踏步；横档rupture断裂，破裂rupture断裂，破裂ruptured毁损ruptured毁损rut铁锈rut铁锈rutinpatche锈斑rutinpatche锈斑ruted生锈ruted生锈rut-jammed锈轧rut-jammed锈轧S.T.B锚链舱agging中垂agging 中垂aggingcondition中垂状态第18页共25页aggingcondition中垂状态aggingmoment(tre)中垂力矩（应力）aggingmoment(tre)中垂力矩（应力）ailingboat帆船ailor;ailingboat帆船ailor;ailingboat帆船alvagehip救捞船alvagehip救捞船ampan舢板,小船manpoweredboat人力船ampan舢板,小船cale锈皮cale锈皮callop扇形开孔callop通焊孔，槽形结构，扇形结构，扇形，粗糙度callop扇形开孔cantling构件尺寸cantling构件尺寸cantlingofthetructure结构尺寸cantlingofthetructure结构尺寸carfjoint斜（嵌）接carfjoint斜（嵌）接carfweld（斜面）焊接carfweld（斜面）焊接carf;carph嵌接处；斜面；斜接carf;carph嵌接处；斜面；斜接carfingbracket嵌接肘板carfingbracket嵌接肘板cientificurveyinghip科学考察船cientificurveyinghip科学考察船corched烤焦corched烤焦cored拉痕cored拉痕（痕较chafed深）cored拉痕（痕较chafed 深）cored拉痕craped刮痕（长期运行刮的痕）craped刮痕（长期运行刮的痕）craped&ground刮磨craped&ground刮磨cratched抓痕（硬拉过的痕）cratched抓痕（硬拉过的痕）crewhip;propellerveel螺旋桨船crewhip;propellerveel螺旋桨船cuffed拉毛（仅从反光上可观察到）cuffed拉毛（仅从反光上可观察到）cupper排水孔cupper排水孔cupperpipe排水管cupperpipe排水管cuttle舷窗；人孔（盖）；小舱口盖cuttle舷窗；人孔（盖）；小舱口盖ea-goingveel海船ea-goingveel海船eam焊缝；接缝eam焊缝；接缝eaworthine适航性eaworthine适航性ection剖面ection剖面ectionmodulu剖面模数emi-balancedrudder半平衡舵ectionmodulu剖面模数eized咬住eized咬住eizedbycorroion锈死eizedbycorroion锈死emi-balancedrudder 半平衡舵emi-containerhip半集装箱船etin凹陷（指船壳板较大面积的凹陷）etin凹陷（指船壳板较大面积的凹陷）ettingincorrect整定值不正确ettingincorrect整定值不正确hackle卸扣haft轴haft轴。
啤酒机械术语
中华人民共和国轻工行业标准QB/T 1079-1991啤酒机械术语本标准规定了啤酒机械的术语及其含义.本标准适用于啤酒机械.安芽机械malting plant machinery1.1大麦粗选机rubber separator清除浸麦前混在大麦中的泥沙,灰尘,砂石,草屑,空麦,杂谷及金属等夹杂物以获得清洁的大麦的机器.1.2大麦分选机barley grader对粗选后的大麦进一步清除非大麦的农作物,碎大麦及其他夹杂物,并将大麦按位度进行分级以获得符合啤酒生产用的大麦的机器.1.31.4贮料斗barley storage bin贮存经精选分级后的大麦的容器.浸麦槽steep vesselisteep tank对精选分级后的大麦进行倩洗浸演发芽箱germinating box,使大麦得到充足水分及良好通风而增强发芽活力的设备.使经浸麦槽浸渍后的大麦在一定的温度,湿度下进行发芽的设备.常用的有萨拉丁((Saladin)箱及劳斯曼(Lausmann)箱等.1.6翻麦机malt turner设置于发芽箱内,对正在发芽中的大麦进行翻拌,以保持大麦在发芽过程中获得良好的通风和均衡的温,湿度的机器.1.7绿麦芽出料机green malt discharging machine将绿麦芽从发芽箱内排出的机器.1.8麦芽干燥炉malt kiln用加热烘焙的方法使绿麦芽干燥而制成干麦芽的设备.1.9干燥炉搅拌机turning machine安装在干燥炉内对供焙过程中的麦芽进行均匀搅拌的机器.1. 10干麦芽暂贮槽malt-in-culm silo用作短时存放干麦芽的容器.1. 11麦芽除根机deculming machine除去经干燥炉烘干后的干麦芽的根,并清除其他轻徽杂质的机器.1. 12缝袋输送机bag sewer with belt conveyor用于对已装满一定量干麦芽的口袋边输送边进行缝口的机器.2摘化机械brewhouse machinery2.1分离器separator中华人民共和国轻工业部1991-03-30批准1991-12-01实施QB/T 1079-1991使气力输送的麦芽或大米等物料与气流分开的设备.2.2出料器discharging device将分离器内的麦芽或大米排出的装置.2.3麦芽贮箱malt silo存放麦芽的容器.2.4麦芽粉碎机malt mill将麦芽粉碎,并将细粉,粗,中粒及皮壳筛选控制在适当比例,以利于糖化的浸出和过滤的机器(常用的有干式粉碎,湿式粉碎及增湿粉碎等型式).2.5麦芽粉贮箱malt grist case贮存麦芽粉的容器.2.6大米贮箱rice silo存放大米的容器.2.7大米粉碎机rice mill粉碎大米的机器.2.8大米粉贮箱rice grist case贮存大米粉的容器.2.9搪化锅mash tun用于麦芽粉的淀粉及蛋白质分解,并与已糊化的大米醛混合,维持醉液在一定的温度,使醛液进行淀粉搪化以制备麦芽汁的设备.2. 10糊化锅mash copper用于加热煮沸大米粉(或其他辅料)和部分麦芽粉醒液,使淀粉糊化和液化的设备.2.11过滤槽lauter tun用于过滤糖化后的麦醒,使麦汁与麦槽分开而得到清亮的麦芽汁的设备.2. 12麦醒过滤机mash filter用于过滤搪化后的麦醛,从糖化麦酪中滤得清亮的麦芽汁的板框式过滤机.2.13麦汁受皿open copper trough按照麦汁质量,控制由过滤槽排出的麦汁的流量的装置.2. 14麦糟暂贮罐spent grains bin在过滤槽底下短时存放麦槽的容器.2. 15麦槽贮箱spent grain silo贮存麦槽的容器.2. 16麦汁贮罐wort container; wort vessel; wort tan贮存过滤后的麦芽汁的容器.2.17煮沸锅copper;wort kettle;wort cooker用于麦汁的煮沸浓缩,使麦汁达到一定的浓度,并加人酒花的设备.2. 18酒花粉碎机hop mill粉碎酒花,以备麦汁煮沸过程中添加使用的机器.2. 19酒花分离器hop back用于麦汁煮沸后,分离酒花与麦汁的设备.2.20沉淀槽settling tank将热麦汁静止冷却,使蛋白质凝固和沉淀,并将它与麦汁分离的设备.2.21旋流沉淀槽whirlpool tank利用麦汁旋流原理,分离热麦汁中的热凝固物的设备.QB/T 1079-19912.22麦汁冷却器wort cooler将静止沉淀的热麦芽汁冷却至一定的温度的设备.2.23离心除尘器cyclone dust extractor把气流中的粉尘,以离心方法清除干净的设备.2.24空气过滤器air filter过滤净化空气的设备.2.25集尘器dust collector收集灰尘杂物并将其清除掉的设备.2.26麦汁充氧器wort aerating device将无菌空气加人麦汁中以利发酵的设备.2.27冷水罐cold water tank贮存糖化制备用水的容器.2.28温水罐warm water tank贮存经与热麦汁进行热交换升温后的糖化制备用水的容器.3发醉机械fermentation cellar machinery3. 1麦汁杀菌罐wort steriliser以燕汽间接加热麦汁,使麦汁煮沸灭菌后进而冷却的设备.3.2卡氏罐Carlsberg flask培养种酵母的设备.3.3汉生罐Hansen pure yeast culture vessel将经过卡氏罐培养的酵母进行扩大培养的设备.3.4酵母培养堵primary yeast propagator培养和保存种醉母的设备.3.5酵母扩大培养罐secondary yeast propagator用作进一步扩大培养种酵母的设备.3.6酵母贮存罐yeast storage vessel存放种酵母的设备.3.7滤水器water filter经过滤以获取无菌清净水的设备.3.8无菌水箱sterile water tank贮存并冷却无菌水的设备.3.9酵母洗涤槽yeast tub用于漂洗前发酵过程中的酵母泥,以回收并存放种酵母的设备.3. 10酵母添加器yeast pitching device以压缩空气将种酵母加人发酵罐的设备.3. 11醒液泵mash pump输送醛液的机器.3. 12酵母泵yeast pump输送酵母的机器.3. 13酵母计量泵yeast dosing pump用作酵母计量的设备.3. 14发酵池fermenting vat74OB/T 1079-1991传统发酵工艺中,用于啤酒前发酵的设备.3.15锥形发酵罐cylindro-conical fermenter用于啤酒前发酵或一罐法发酵的设备.3.16贮酒桶storage vessel传统发酵工艺中,用于贮存嫩酒进行后发酵的容器.3.17露天贮酒罐outdoor storage tank啤酒后发酵的贮酒设备.3.18清酒罐bright beer tank贮存过滤后待罐装的啤酒成品的设备.3. 19醉母振筛vibrating yeast screen回收酵母,筛选杂质的设备.3.20酵母离心机yeast centrifuge用于二罐法中离心分离酵母,以得到含适量酵母的麦汁,便于进行后发酵的机器.3.21冰水雄ice water tank贮存接近0℃的无菌水(用于洗涤醉母或冲洗醉母设备)的容器.4啤酒过泣机械beer filtration machinery4. 1硅藻土过滤机kieselguhr filter用硅藻土为助滤剂,撼去原液啤酒内含有的酵母蛋白质和酒花树脂等悬浮徽粒,以得到清亮透明的啤酒的设备.4.2纸板过滤机sheet filter以微孔纸板为过滤介质,对啤酒进行精滤或无菌过滤的设备.4.3棉饼过滤机pulp filter用过滤棉压制成棉饼作为过滤介质,滤去原液啤酒内含有的酵母蛋白质和酒花树脂等悬浮微粒,以得到清亮透明的啤酒的设备.4.4洗棉机pulp washer洗涤供过滤机使用的棉饼的机器.4.5压棉机pulp cakes press将洗涤后的过滤棉挤压成棉饼的机器.4.6啤酒冷却器chiller冷却啤酒以适应灌装啤酒温度要求的设备.4. 7绢滤器silk screen filter清除经棉饼过滤机过滤后残留酒液中的棉絮等杂质的设备.4.8合流器unit with two mixing lanterns在传统发酵中,用于调节平衡数个贮酒桶的啤酒质量的设备.4.9二氧化碳充气器COr injection device调节补充啤酒中二氧化碳含量的设备.4. 10流量计flowmeterifluid meter计量清净麦汁的设备.啤酒包装机械beer packaging machinery卸箱机decrater将空玻璃瓶从塑料周转箱中取出的机器(常用的有气动吸取,机械夹持方式).QB/T 1079-19915.2洗箱机crate washer清洗塑料周转箱的机器.5.3洗瓶机bottle washing machine对啤酒瓶进行清洗的机器.一般有浸泡喷淋或浸泡刷洗方式.5.4验瓶装置bottle inspector以目测检验经洗涤后的啤酒瓶是否符合洗净要求及装瓶压盖后啤酒液位高度是否符合要求的装置.5.5自动验瓶机automatic bottle inspector以光电装置方式自动检验经洗涤后的啤酒瓶是否符合洗净要求及装瓶压盖后啤酒液位高度是否符合要求的机器.5.6装瓶压盖机bottle filling and sealing machine将成品啤酒装人啤酒瓶后压盖密封的机器.5.7杀菌机pasteurizer将灌装密封后的瓶装(或罐装)啤酒进行加热杀菌使成品啤酒获得一定的生物稳定性的机器.5.8贴标机labelling machine在啤酒瓶上粘贴商标的机器.视不同需要,可粘贴瓶身商标,瓶颈商标和瓶口锡箔套,并可打印出厂日期.5.9输瓶系统bottle conveyor system翰送玻璃瓶,金周幼的链带式输送设备系统.5.10装箱机recrater将瓶装啤洒装人塑料周转箱内的机器(常用的有气动吸取或机械夹持方式).5.11输箱机crate conveyor输送啤酒箱的机器.5.12码垛箱机palletizer将啤酒箱码垛在托盘上的机器.5.13卸垛箱机depalletizer将堆放在托盘上的啤酒箱卸下的机器.6.26.3啤酒捅袭线机械keg fi川ng line machinery垛桶机keg palletizer将已灌酒的桶从输送机中码垛在托盘上的机器.卸桶机keg depalletizer将空桶从托盘上卸至输送机中的机器.滚道式输桶机keg roller conveyor输送啤酒桶的滚道输送设备,6.4链板式输桶机keg slat chain conveyor输送啤酒桶的链板式输送设备.6.5桶外洗机keg external washer以喷淋或喷淋刷洗方式,对回收啤酒桶进行外部清洗的机器.6.6桶酒称重器full keg check weigher用电子技术检测桶所灌啤酒质量的装置.6.7瞬时巴氏杀菌装置flash pasteurization unit用热水间接加热灌装前的啤酒,使啤酒达到瞬时杀菌的装置.76OB/T 1079-19916.8桶清洗一灌装机keg cleaning and filling machine对桶内部清洗及灌装啤酒的机器.6.9啤酒桶keg装有桶口阀并能耐压的不锈钢(或铝)啤酒桶.6.10桶口阀spear具有双通道的用螺纹与啤酒桶口连接的阀,兼作桶口密封器和桶内清洗,灌酒,出酒的通道控制器仁有井式(well type)及板式(flat type)两种〕.6.11傅洒器beer -,-t-用二氧化碳将桶装啤酒充注到冷却器中变为冷冻啤酒出售的装置.7啤酒通用机械beer universal machinery7. 1 c. 1. P.清洗系统cleaning in place system向各类容器或设备提供洗涤液的设备系统,其中包括洗涤液贮雄,洗涤液泵,洗涤液回流泵及管路,喷头,碱罐,酸罐等.7.2螺旋输送机screw conveyor通过螺旋装置输送大麦,麦芽或麦糟等物料的机器.7.3斗式提升机belt bucket elevator以序斗装置提升大麦,干麦芽和谷物等物料的机器.7.4带式输送机belt conveyor以传送带输送大麦,麦芽,谷物等物料的机器.7.5刮板输送机drag conveyor;flight conveyor以刮板输送大麦,麦芽,谷物等物料的机器.7.6螺杆泵screw pump用于输送麦糟,酵母泥等较粘稠流体的机器.7.7啤酒泵beer pump输送酒液的机器.8二舰化碳回收系统COz recovery plant8. 1二氧化碳洗涤器water scrubber以干净自来水洗去二氧化碳气体中的泡沫乙醇,气悬物和其他粗杂质的设备.8.2二氧化碳气贮罐COz gasholder贮存二氧化碳气体的容器.8.3二氧化碳吸附器purifier; C姚filter; deodorizer采用活性碳作吸附剂以除去经压缩后的二氧化碳气体中带有异味的挥发性气体的设备.当采用硅胶作吸附剂时,本设备可用于干燥气体.8.4脱水器dehydrator; dryer; drier通过分子筛除去液化前的二氧化碳气体所含的水分的设备.8.5过滤器filter除去经二氧化碳吸附器及脱水器后夹带在二氧化碳气体中的活性碳,分子筛粉末的设备.8.6二氧化碳液贮罐liquid COi storage tank贮存低温液态二氧化碳的容器.9高浓度啤酒稀释系统high gravity brewing liquor plant9. 1平衡罐equilibrium tank;balance vesselQB/T 1079-1991保证进人系统的酿造水液位稳定,并确保进人脱氧器的酿造水和脱氧回流水的流量稳定的装置.9.2脱氧罐deaerator使酿造水脱氧以达到高浓度啤酒稀释用水所容许含氧量的设备.9.3二氧化碳饱和器carbonator将二氧化碳气体充人脱氧水中,使之成为二氧化碳饱和水的设备.9.4缓冲罐buffer tank暂存经脱氧处理及二氧化碳饱和后的稀释用水,以便于二氧化碳在水中充分溶解,稳定的容器.9.5混配装置proportioning and blending system将高浓度啤酒与二氧化碳饱和水按比例混配为适当浓度啤酒的装置.9.6混配酒平衡罐product tank贮存经混配后的清酒的容器.QB/T 1079-1991附录A汉语拼音索引(参考件)l0n干麦芽暂贮槽....................……过滤槽.......……;.冰水罐3.212.22.207.1硅藻土过滤机滚道式输桶机刮板输送机……出料器沉淀槽过滤器高浓度啤酒稀释系统……4.16.37. 58.5 9c. 1. P.清洗系统111.22627286.1737.4大麦粗选机大麦分选机大米贮箱……大米粉碎机大米粉贮箱糊化锅……2.10汉生罐……3.3合流器 (48)缓冲罐……9.4混配装置……9.5混配酒平衡罐.....……9.6垛桶机……斗式提升机带式输送机二氧化碳充气器. ................……二氧化碳回收系统.……二氧化碳洗涤器... ..............……二氧化碳气贮罐.... ...................……二氧化碳吸附器..........................……二氧化碳液贮罐.. . .............……二氧化碳饱和器.....................……F发芽箱....... .......……翻麦机……4.9二88.18.28.38.69.31. 51.6缝袋输送机...................……分离器......……1.122. 1发酵机械.. ..........……发酵池.………3.14浸麦槽……1.4酒花粉碎机……2.18酒花分离器……2.19集尘器……2.25醉母培养罐……' ……3.4酵母扩大培养罐……3.5酵母贮存罐……3.6酵母洗涤槽……3.9酵母添加器……3.10醉母泵……3.12酵母计量泵……3. 13酵母振筛……3.19醉母离心机……3.20绢滤器……4. 7K空气过滤器……2.24卡氏罐……3.2干燥炉搅拌机 4 ……1.9绿麦芽出料机.....……1. 7 79QB/T 1079-1991离心除尘器,, ……2.23冷水罐, ,, . ……2. 27滤水器, ……3.7醒液泵, ……3.n露天贮酒罐,, , …3. 17流量计, , 1 ,, 1 , ,二4. 10链板式输桶机,,, ……'6.4螺旋输送机......................................... 7.2螺杆泵……7.6输瓶系统…输箱机4…瞬时巴氏杀菌装置售酒器5. 95. 116.76.11糖化机械二糖化锅贴标机2.桶外洗机桶酒称重器麦芽机械. ... . (1)麦芽干燥炉……1.8麦芽除根机……,二1. 11麦芽贮箱............................... 2.3麦芽粉碎机............................. ……2.4麦芽粉贮箱……2.5麦醒过滤机, ……2.12麦汁受皿, 甲, " ,, 1 ……2,13麦糟暂贮罐. ......... 2.14麦糟贮堪……2. 15麦汁贮罐' ……2.16麦汁冷却器' ……2.22麦汁充氧器.........................................2 26 麦汁杀菌姚……,. .……3. 1棉饼过滤机一4.3码垛箱机. , ……,.,……5.12桶清洗姚一装机桶口阀……脱水器脱氧雄5.86.56.66.86.108.49.2温水罐....... ……无菌水箱……,,,.,,,…".,.2.283.8旋流沉淀槽........ ……2.21洗棉机 (44)卸箱机......................... ……5. 1洗箱机 (52)洗瓶机............................................... 5. 3 卸垛箱机, ……5.13卸桶机...........................-, ……6.2啤酒过滤机械……啤酒冷却器压棉机……啤酒包装机械……验瓶装置一4.55-4J口.冉匕...4.,'....6.啤酒桶装线机械……啤酒桶. .......……,..…啤酒通用机械……叮'11啤酒泵平衡堪;'清酒罐,,…3.18贮料斗, ……1.3煮沸锅. ,. .. , ,, ……2. 17锥形发醉旅' " ...................... 3. 15贮酒桶. ……3. 16纸板过滤机……4.2自动验瓶机. ,,, ……,卜二5.5装瓶压盖机, , ' .……5.6装箱机, ……5.10杀菌机805. 7OB/T 1079-1991附录B英文索引(参考件)CO, filtercarbonatorAair filter..... '.. ..".…..automatic bottle inspector ……D2.5245.5 Bdeculming machinedischarging devicebarley grader"' ' ……1.2barley storage bin ……1.3bag sewer with belt conveyor ......1. 12 brewhouse machinery (2)beer filtration machinery. ......,'' (4)beer packaging machinery ' . ' ' (5)bottle washing mac扣ne ……5.3bottle inspector . ……5.4bottle filling and sealing machine ……5. 6 bottle conveyor system 】】……5.9 beer counter 4... .. ..一6. 11beer universal machinery . (7)belt bucket elevator ……7.3belt conveyor ……7.4beer pump ……7. 7balance vessel .. " ……9.1buffer tank ' .. 一9. 4dust collectordecraterdepalletizerdrag conveyordeodorizerdehydrator; dryers drierdeaerator8. 39.31. 112.22.255. 15. 137.58.38.49. 2Eequilibrium tank ……9. 1FnJJ斗nU11)..J二3.主fermentation cellar machineryfermenting vat ……flowmeter;fluid meterfull keg check weigherCflash pasteurization unit:.{暇侧}0亡J月1 7.&L工flight conveyorcopperf ilter….............……cyclone dust extractorcold water tankCarlsberg flaskGcylindro-conical fermenterchiller2. 172.232.273.23. 154.64.95.25. 11germinating box " ……green malt discharging machineHCOz injectioncrate washerdevicecrate conveyorhop millhop backcleaning in place system CO,CO,recovery plant2.182.193. 3gasholder7. 1'89.2Hansen pure yeast culture vessel high gravity brewing liquor plant9 81QB/T 1079-1991palletizerpurifier…,ice water tankproportioning product tankand blending systemKkieselguhr filter ……Rkeg filling line machinery6keg palletizerkeg depalletizer:.;keg roller conveyorkeg slat chain conveyorkeg external washerrubber separator ......................……rice grist caserice silorice millrecrater5. 128.39. 59. 61. 12, 52.65. 10keg cleaning and filling machineSkeg6,36.46. 56.869Llauter tunsteep vessel; steep tankseparator二,二,二门. .…spent grains binspent grain silo…labelling machineliquid CO, storagetank25';settling ta nk……8.6 secondary yeast propagatorMsterile water tankstorage vesselmalting plant machinery (1)malt turner . . . . ……1.6malt kiln , , ,……1.8malt-in-culm silo . .……,. . …1.10malt silo 4 ', , ……2.3malt mill. . , , ……2.4ma lt grist case ,. ,……2.5mash tun ................................... . (29)mash copper , , ,' , , …2.10mash filter . . ' ……2.12mash pump' , , , , ……3.11sheet filtersilk screenfilterspear1. 42.12. 142. 152. 203. 53.84. 24. 76. 10screw conveyorscrew pump"'"'''''.''Tturning machine ...............Uunit with two mixing lanternsOopen copper troughoutdoor storage tankV2.13 vibrating yeast screen3. 17WPwort container;wort vessel;wort tank 两了1卫0白户nOO下1自式9勺户,.':'9户夕,,一0'primary yeast propagator 3.4一4.3wort kettlewhirlpool tankpulp filterpulp washer444.5wort coolerpulp cakes presspasteurizer825.7wort aerating devicewarm water tankQB/T 1079-1991wort steriliser , ……3.water filter , , , …3.water scrubber , 一8.yeast tu b , , ……3. 9yeast pitching device ……3. 10 yeast pump" ,, , ……3.12yeast dosing pumpyeast centrifuge3.13yeast storage vessel附加说明:本标准由轻工业部技术装备司提出.本标准由全国制酒饮料机械标准化中心归口.本标准由轻工业部广州轻工机械设计研究所负责起草. 本标准主要起草人董应钊,林克仁,戴少聪,周其福.。
IDWAL 检查重点工作
IDWAL 检查重点工作一、OVERALL BUILD QUALITYThe overall build quality was found to be good with the vessel built to IACS standards and Rules.Steel plating was found to be fabricated to a good standard, well aligned and was free from general distortion, and the quality of welding was seen to be good with no significant pitting and with good profile in general. Fittings and pipework were generally well laid out, with pipework and electrical conduits well placed for ease of maintenance and repair. Bridge equipment was found to be provided by reputable, well known manufacturers with good global support capabilities as was the engine room equipment. The accommodation was found to be outfitted to a high quality and is equipped with a Gym and En-suite for all crew members.二、HULLThe hull was seen to be in a fair overall condition. This is to a large extent due to corrosion on side shell plating as well as several hull markings were illegible. The hull able to be inspected from the port side only. The vessel was found to be free of both major and minor structural defects but had moderate spot corrosion, up to approximately 15% of the surface area, mainly located localized corrosion concentrated on upper anti-fouling and lower boot top layers. Hull markings were partly obscured with no marine fouling observed. The vessel's last out of water bottom survey was carried out on 18-Nov-18, with the三、FOC’SLE & POOP DECKThe Foc'sle and poop decks were seen to be in a good condition overall with the decks found to befree of structural defects had only minor spot corrosion, up to approximately 5% of the surface area,mainly located on mooring stations and welding seams. Deck fittings were found to be in a good condition but with fairleads and mooring rollers found to be seized due to some fairleads were not free to move when tested by hand. All Hydraulic windlass(es) and winches were reported to be fully operational and free from hydraulic leakage as observed. Mooring machinery was in good condition Anchor chains and mooring ropes were in a good overall condition. Mooring practices were seen to be good and snap-back zone warnings were seen to be posted at the entrances to mooring areas as per industry best practice. The bitter end release arrangements were seen to be clear and unobstructed and the emergency towing booklet seen to be available near to the Foc'sle.Issue: The Bosun's store was poorly organised, with some items unsecured.Corrective Action: Re-organise the store to ensure all items are properly secured and to remove any unneccessary items.四、MAINDECK & FITTINGSThe main deck was seen to be in a poor to fair condition overall. This temporarily repair crack to be regularly inspected by the ship staff and results of inspection to be recorded.". The deck found to be relatively free of structural defects asides from the aforementioned defects and had only minor spot corrosion, up to approximately 5% of the surface area, mainly located scattered corrosion on weather deck. Deck fittings were found to be in a fair condition due to isolated corrosion with evidence of diminution concentrated on operational platforms, vent head junction boxes and cable trays however, pipework and fittings were seen to be generally free of leakages. The accommodation ladders and gangways were in a goodoverall condition, with no notable defects found, as were provisions lifting appliances.五、BALLAST TANKS & VOID SPACES1.准备半年度压载舱检查报告和照片提供给检查官看Ballast tanks were deemed to be in a good overall condition. Aft Peak Tank (APT) were entered for inspection however no photographs of previous tank entries were provided for review due to no pictures of the last ballast tank inspections were available on board. The inspected ballast tanks were found to be generally free of significant structural defects and were free of coating breakdown and corrosion. Ballast tank fittings such as ladders and pipework were seen to be in a good overall condition Tanks were seen to have no mud/sediment accumulation and were free of any signs of staining from sewage or marine fouling. Ballast control systems such as valves and gauges were reported to be fully operational and all ballast pumps were in good working order and in good visual condition.六、GALLEY & ACCOMMODATIONThe accommodation and galley areas were seen to be in a fair to good condition overall. The floor and wall coverings found to be in good condition. However, it was found that tiles in the laundry room were worn with evidence of deterioration. Similarly the upholstery and furniture found to be satisfactory, but with officers recreation room furniture upholstery was in poor condition. The levels of housekeeping and cleanliness was found to be good with levels of hygiene also seen to be good in the sanitary facilities. The hospital was seen to be well equipped and ready for use with drugs and controlled substances locked away. The associated drugs log was kept up to date. The Air Handling Unit (AHU) was found to be maintaining a comfortable temperature though was seen in a fair condition due to air Conditioning duct had evidence of leakage. The galley equipment was deemed to be in a good overall condition with all equipment reportedly ingood working order. The galley was found to be in a clean condition but with galley hoods seen to have build up of grease, increasing the fire risk due to galley Hoods were not clean, with a build up of grease, creating a fire risk. The vessel's walk-in cold rooms were found to be clean and hygienic with temperatures at the required levels. Provisions machinery, pipework and door seals were seen to be generally free of frosting and deterioration. The external superstructure was found to be free of structural defects and was free of coating breakdown and corrosion. The external superstructure fittings were seen to be in a good overall condition with all external accommodation doors in good working order and properly closing.Issue: Provisions equipment was seen with excess frosting on the meat/fish room doorseals.Issue: Officers recreation room furniture upholstery was in poor conditionIssue: Tiles in the laundry room were worn with evidence of deteriorationIssue: Air conditioning duct had evidence of leakage as well as the lagging was found to bedeteriorated.Issue: Galley Hoods were not clean, with a build up of grease, creating a fire risk.七、NAVIGATING BRIDGE & COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENTThe Bridge, navigation and communications equipment were found to be in a good conditionoverall with housekeeping found to be good and with all bridge equipment reported to be fully operational. The vessel's VDR was found to be free from any unanticipated alarms with collection instructions posted nearby and with the Bridge Navigation Watch Alarm System (BNWAS) reported to be fully operational. The vessel's primary means of navigation, as listed on form E of the safety equipment certificate is a dual ECDIS system which were found to be up to date. RADAR blind sectors were seen to be posted near the RADARs with the compass deviation card up-to-date and available near to the helm. The compass deviation log was found to be satisfactory, with no major deviations and generally up-to-date. The vessel is licensed to cover GMDSS sea areas A1, A2, and A3 and had a valid shore-servicing agreement in place. The radio batteries were seen to be well maintained and in good condition and the EPIRB, SART and VHF handheld batteries were all in date as required. Berth-to-berth passage plans were seen to be signed by all navigating officers and nautical publications were provided in Electronic format. Master's standing and night orders were found to be signed by all navigating officers with the bridge log book correctly filled in and the GMDSS logbook also up to date and correctly filled in. The Monkey island was found to be in a good overall condition with the mast, aerials and antennas seen to be satisfactory and free of defects.八、ENGINE ROOM, MACHINERY & MACHINERY SPACESThe Engine room and machinery were found to be in a good overall condition, with no significant defects reported or observed and with the engine room generally found to be clean. During the inspection the Auxiliary Engines, purifiers, pumps, air compressors and sewage treatment plant were seen running. Bilges and tank tops were generally free of oil or water. Pipework was seen to be in good overall condition, free of leaks, temporary repairs and significant corrosion with pipework lagging seen to be all clean and intact. Housekeeping was seen to be to a good overall standard with the vessel found to be equipped with adequate critical spares as recommended by Class or manufacturers which were seen to be neatly stowed and secured.A review of the latest lube oil analysis reports provided showed no areas of concern. The NOx Technical file was up to date and last updated on 26-Sept-2022. The Main Engine was reported to be fully operational and was seen to be in good condition, with no major visible defects. A review of the latest Main Engine performance report provided showed no areas of concern. A review of the latest engine running hours showed that the Cylinder Liners overhaul schedule is subject to Condition Based Monitoring (CBM) and therefore no dedicated overhaul intervals are provided and Cylinder heads, Pistons and Bearings overhauls were within the service hours. Propulsion systems, such as shafts, gearing and bearings were in good working order with no defects reported or sighted. The 3 Auxiliary Engines were reported to be fully operational and were seen to be in good condition, with no major visible defects. A review of the latest Auxiliary engines performance report provided showed no areas of concern. A review of the latest Auxiliary engines running hours provided showed no engines were overdue their manufacturers recommended overhaul intervals. The vessel's steam boiler was found to be fully operational and in good condition. The boiler safety valves were seen to be satisfactory and free of tampering. All Auxiliary equipment was found to be fully operational and in good condition barring pumps, which were in fair condition. The steering gear was seen in good working order, free of leakage with emergency steering instructions seen to be posted nearby. The machinery spaces are operatedin Unmanned mode and the alarm and control system was seen to be free of any serious alarms. Electrical distribution systems including the main switchboard were in good working order and switchboard insulation readings were adequate.九、FIRE & SAFETY APPLIANCESFire and safety appliances were found to be in a good condition overall and generally free of firehazards with all firefighting equipment seen to be regularly serviced and inspected. The fire detection and alarm system was found to be fully operational and was free of signs of tampering and alarms. The vessel is fitted with Water Spray and CO2 fixed firefighting in the engine room, CO2 for the cargo areas and Galley CO2 in the accommodation. Fixed firefighting systems were all reported to be in good working condition with operating instructions clearly posted. The main and emergency fire pumps were reportedly fully operational and both were found to be in a good condition, free of leakages. The fire main and ancillaries such as hydrants and valves were in good overall condition, free of defects. Fire extinguishers were all in good condition and all portable equipment were positioned in accordance with the fire plan. Firefighting outfits and associated equipment were all in good condition with BA equipment found fully charged and ready for use. The emergency generator was tested during the inspection and found to be in good working order and in a good overall condition. Remote shutdown emergency devices such as quick closing valves, machinery stops and ventilation dampers were deemed to be in a good overall condition with no defective shut down equipment. The fire doors were found to be in good condition, closing effectively and free from any unauthorised 'hold-open' arrangements.十、LIFESAVING EQUIPMENTLifesaving appliances were seen to be in a good overall condition with all equipment regularlyserviced and inspected as required. The vessel is fitted with 1 free-fall lifeboat, which was seen to be in good overall condition externally and internally. The lifeboat engine(s) was not tested during the inspection, but was reported to be in good working order. Similarly, the rescue boat was also found to be in good overall condition and ready for immediate use. The vessel is equipped with 3 life rafts, which were found to be in good condition with Hydrostatic Release Units (HRUs) in date and correctly rigged. Davits and lowering arrangements were found to be in good condition overall with evidence of regular maintenance, servicing and inspection sighted and evident. Ancillary lifesaving equipment such as lifejackets, immersion suits and EEBD's etc. were found to be in good condition and ready for immediate use with man overboard smoke and light signals seen to be in date. Embarkation ladders were found to be in a good, well maintained condition though the pyrotechnics and line throwing apparatus were seen to be appropriately stored and within their expiry dates.十一、SAFE WORKINGSafe working was deemed to be good overall with no unsafe practices observed during theinspection and the vessel presenting a generally safe working environment. Hazards were seen to be clearly marked and external walkways adequately coated with nonslip paint and free of trip hazards. Adequate PPE was seen to be worn by crew at all times and portable gas detection meters were provided and calibrated. Hazardous substances were seen to be generally safely managed with appropriate Material Safety Data Sheets provided. Risk Assessments (RA) were seen to be up to date and satisfactory with enclosed space entry procedures followed and an effective Permit To Work (PTW) system in place. Main and emergency exits were clearly identified and unobstructed with all IMO signage seen to be satisfactory. Pilot ladders and boarding arrangements were seen to be in a good safe condition with clear pilot boarding instructions posted. Regular drills were conducted on board with the last drill conducted on十二、POLLUTION CONTROLPollution control was deemed to be good overall and generally found to be well implemented onboard with the vessel free of pollution hazards. The vessel does hold a Class-approved Inventory of Hazardous Materials, which will be required for entry into EU ports from the 31st of December 2020. The vessel's Oily Water Separator (OWS) was found to be fully operational and in good overall condition, with no obvious defects. The OWS was simulation tested during the inspection and the 15ppm Oil Content Meter (OCM) was seen to be calibrated. The bilge overboard was seen to be sealed and locked against unauthorised opening and the oily water treatment system as a whole was seen to be free from signs of tampering or unauthorised modification. SOPEP equipment was found to be well stocked and neat with an accurate list of equipment posted nearby. The Oil Record Book (ORB) was seen to be well-maintained and up-to-date, with the last entry on the 13-Jul-21. A US coastguard approved Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS) is fitted and was found to be fully operational and in good overall condition. The vessel's ballast record book was seen to be up to date and correctly filled in. The vessel is fitted with an Environmentally Acceptable Lubricant (EAL) in the stern tube and is therefore Vessel General Permit (VGP) compliant in this regard. The vessel's sewage treatment plant was found to be fully operational and in good overall condition, with no obvious defects. Garbage segregation was found to be good, with adequate, labelled containers and garbage seen to be well sorted and containers seen to be made of approved non-combustible materials. The Garbage Record Book (GRB) was seen to be well-maintained and up-to-date, with the last entry on the 13-Jul-21. The Emission Control Area (ECA) change-over logbook was reviewed and found to be satisfactory with the date of last entry on 08-May-21. The vessel's incinerator was found to be fully operational and in good overall condition, with no obvious defects. The vessel complies with IMO 2020 regulations by employing the use of Very Low Sulphur Fuels Oils (VLSFO) with a sulphur content of less than 0.5%.十三、ONBOARD MANAGEMENT & CREW MOTIVATIONOnboard management was found to be good overall. The paper-based Safety Management System (SMS) was deemed to be functioning and well implemented in general, with Permits to Work (PTW),risk assessments and procedures understood and followed. Onboard management was found to deal with accidents, near misses and deficiencies in an effective manner and regular safety committee meetings were carried out on board. The vessel's MLC certificate was valid with records of hours of rest (ILO) correct and up to date and maximum work hours not regularly exceeded. The PMS system was found to be kept up to date with no critical overdue work orders. A paper based Planned Maintenance System (PMS) was in place, with no dedicated or approved software. The Port State Control (PSC) history was found in the past three years. The vessel's flag is not targeted by any Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) or the USCG. Security access controls were deemed to be satisfactory with the vessel conforming to International Ship and Port Security (ISPS) standards. The Master and crew were prepared for the inspection and provided good cooperation with the majority of requested documents provided.十四、CARGO SYSTEMSVessel capabilities and cargo systems were deemed to be in a fair to good overall condition. All of the cargo holds were entered for inspection however no photographs of previous hold entries were provided for review. The inspected cargo holds were found to be free of structural defects and had only minor surface and spot corrosion, up to approximately 5% of the surface area, mainly located on tank top and lower stool area. Cargo hold fittings such as ladders, handrail and pipe guards etc. were seen to be generally free of damage. The last cargo carried was Bulk Wheat, with Urea the next intended cargo. The cargo holds were free of signs of water ingress both from internal and external sources. Cargo monitoring systems such as bilges, temperature sensors, water ingress sensors etc. were reported to be fully operational and regularly tested. The vessel is fitted withHydraulic folding type hatch covers, which were seen to be well aligned and closing correctly. Hatch covers were found to be free of structural defects and had only minor spot corrosion, up to approximately 5% of the surface area, mainly located hatch cover top side plating. Hatch cover operating systems were in full working order but were seen to be in fair condition due to several hydraulic piping arrangements were deteriorated with lagging considerably worn. Hatch cover rubber seals and retaining channels were in good overall condition but were not free of temporary means of sealing such as tape or expanding foam with sealing tape on cargo hold hatch cover. Hatch cover securing and hold open arrangements along with landing pads were seen to be in a good overall condition with no notable defects observed. Hatch coamings and longitudinal continuation brackets were found to be free of structural defects and were free of coating breakdown and corrosion. Compression bar/strips were seen to be in good condition with hatch coaming drain channels free of corrosion, scaling and debris and the hatch coaming non-return valves clear and operational. Stability calculations were seen to be carried out and the vessel holds a Document of Compliance (DOC) for the carriage of Dangerous Goods (DG). The vessel is also fitted with log stanchions on the weather deck, which were found to be in good condition and ready for use. Lashing equipment was seen to be in a good condition with an up-to-date inventory seen. The vessel has 4 cargo lifting appliances, which were found to be in a good overall condition. Lifting appliances were found to be generally free of significant structural defects and were free of coating breakdown and corrosion. Wires were in good overall condition as were motors and hydraulic systems, which were free of defects and leaks. Lifting appliances components, such as sheaves, blocks and cylinders were seen to be in a good overall condition with controls and operating positions in good condition and safety devices fully operational. The slewing bearings were found to be in a good overall condition with evidence of bearing rocking tests conducted and recorded. Lifting appliances were regularly examined by shore side technicians with maintenance records accurate and up-todate.。
游艇专业英语词汇（B3）
游艇专业英语词汇(B3)舷侧 broadside舷侧鱼雷发射管 broad side torpedo tube 副龙骨翼板列(木船) broad strake碎浪 broken sea堆货余隙 broken space载货空隙 broken stowage青铜 bronze青铜铸件 bronze casting清洁工具箱 broom box窗楣 brow (or wriggle)褐煤 brown coal (or lignite)斜搭板 brow plate刷子 brush刷座 brush holder毛刷涂装 brush painting织花地坛 brussel's carpetb-木条曲线 b-spline curveb-木条曲面 b-spline surfaceb板列 "b" strake英热单位 b.t.u. (= british thermal unit) 泡状空化 bubble cavitation起泡破冰系统 bubbler system起泡点 bubbling point桶,斗 bucket戽斗输送带 bucket conveyor斗盖 bucket cover戽斗挖泥船 bucket (or ladder) dredger 斗泵 bucket pump浮斗袪水器 bucket (or float) trap挫曲,皱折 buckle锚链孔盖 buckler挫曲,皱折 buckling挫曲负荷 buckling load挫曲应力 buckling stress缓冲器,挡板 buffer缓冲弹簧 buffer spring碗橱,餐具橱 buffet升力衰减(水翼艇) buffeting擦光机 buff grinder擦光 buffing擦光机 buffing machine制造者,承造厂 builder (or maker)船厂证书,出厂证明 builder's certificate船厂初步试砗 builder's (or dock) preliminary trial 造船渠 building basin造船台 building berth (or slip)造船坞 building dock造船台 building slip (or berth)[造]船厂,建造工场 building yard迭层焊接 build up welding组成滑车 built (or made) block组合桅 built (or made) mast组合 built-up组合梁 built-up beam组合曲柄 built-up crank组合曲[柄]轴 built-up crank shaft组合肋骨 built-up frame组合船模 built-up model组合活塞 built-up piston组合螺桨 built up propeller组立型钢 built-up section组合顺序(焊接) built-up sequence组合艉材 built-up stern frame球缘角材 bulb angle (ba)膨出船壳 bulbing shell球[形]艏 bulbous bow球艏警示 bulbous (or protruding) bow warning 球形艏材 bulbous stem球形艉 bulbous stern球缘板材 bulb plate球形舵 bulb rudder球形艉 bulb stern球缘t型材 bulb tee船厂[初步]试? bulder's trial舯膨出部 bulge膨出试验 bulge (or dishing) test船体[水线附近]膨出部 bulging膨出壳板 bulging shell散装容量 bulk capacity散装货 bulk cargo散装货抓斗 bulk cargo grab散装货船 bulk carrier (b.c.)散装化学品章程 bulk chemical code散装货船 bulk freighter (or carrier)舱壁 bulkhead (bhd)艛端舱壁 break bulkhead舱壁门 bulkhead door舱壁凸缘 bulkhead flange舱壁肋板 bulkhead floor舱壁底肋板 bulkhead floor plate舱壁灯 bulkhead lamp舱壁填板,舱壁垫板 bulkhead liner舱壁贯穿件 bulkhead piece舱壁图 bulkhead plan舱壁板 bulkhead plating舱壁凹入部 bulkhead recess舱壁闸阀 bulkhead sluice舱壁闸门 bulkhead sluice door舱壁防挠材 bulkhead stiffener舱壁停止阀 bulkhead stop valve舱壁填料函 bulkhead stuffing box舱壁阀 bulkhead valve体涨[现象](水泥船) bulking体积弹性模数 bulk modulus储泥舱柜(钻油台) bulk mud tank散装货-油兼用船 bulk/oil carrier牛眼灯 bull eye lamp牛眼铆接 bull eye riveting埋头铆钉 bull head rivet牛眼环索 bull rope舷窗玻璃,单眼滑孔 )牛眼圈,缆索嵌环 bull's eye 牛眼灯 bull's eye lamp双拖网渔船 bull trawler舷墙 bulwark舷墙排水口 bulwark freeing port舷墙系索器 bulwark gripper扶手梯 bulwark (or railing) ladder舷墙线 bulwark line舷墙网 bulwark netting舱墙板 bulwark plating舷墙支柱 bulwark stanchion舷墙支柱 bulwark stay舷墙板列 bulwark strake盘形端板(锅炉) bumped (or dished) head 滑车挂杆 bumpkin (or boomkin, or spider) [艏]波击 bump slamming床 bunk燃料舱,煤舱,重油 bunker燃料舱壁 bunker bulkheadc重油 bunker c燃料舱容量 bunker capacity燃煤 bunker coal釜底燃料油,锅炉油 bunker fuel oil燃料驳船 bunkering barge燃料储运站 bunkering station重油,燃料油 bunker oil货舱舱壁拉条 bunker stay旗布 bunting帆脚索 bunt line浮标;浮筒 buoy打钟浮标 bell buoy双筒救生圈 breeches buoy浮标锚 buoy anchor浮力 buoyancy救生浮具 buoyancy apparatus浮力室 buoyancy chamber浮力曲线 buoyancy curve浮力材 buoyancy material浮力舱柜 buoyancy tank救生浮索 buoyant life line浮[式发]烟信号 buoyant smoke signal浮塔 buoyant tower浮筒系钩 buoy hook浮筒系索 buoy rope浮标勤务船 buoy tender载货量 burden (or burthen)法国验船协会 bureau veritas (bv)燕尾旗 burgee燃烧器 burner主燃烧器 base burner燃烧器膜片 burner diaphragm燃烧器主阀 burner master valve燃烧器嘴 burner tip毛口 burr光口机 burring machine迸裂 bursting迸裂压力 bursting pressure载重量 burthen双吊杆[联合]操作系统 burtoning system (or union purchase) 总线 bus bar总线护道 bus duct轴衬,衬套 bush (or bushing)衬套 bushing轴衬止[具] bush stopper肉库 butchery对接,对头 butt蝶形螺帽,元宝螺帽 butterfly nut蝶形阀 butterfly valve洗舱水加热器 butterworth heater洗舱孔 butterworth hole洗舱泵 butterworth pump对接 butt joint艉部,船艉 buttock纵剖面线 buttock lines圆头铆钉 button head rivet对头电阻焊接 butt resistance welding对[头]铆[接] butt riveting对缝焊接 butt seam welding搭板 butt strap搭板对接 butt strap joint对接焊接 butt welding蜂鸣器 buzzer沸水式反应器 bwr (= boiling water reactor) 旁路,旁通 by-pass (or by path)旁通管 by pass pipe旁通阀 by-pass (or bypath) valve旁通旋塞 by path cock旁通因子 by path factor旁通管 by path pipe旁通阀 by path valve顶风航行 by the wind包装容量 bale capacity散装容量 bulk capacity燃料舱容量 bunker capacity包装货 bale cargo散装货 bulk cargo锅炉壳,锅炉棚 boiler casing短链,杆端拉链 bridle chain工作吊板 boatswain's chair坞墩垫 block chock小艇座 boat chock艏导索器,分水艏板 bow chock锅炉隔热板 boiler cleading锅围间隙 boiler clearance烟煤 bitumastic (or bitumi- nous) coal黑煤 black coal褐煤 brown coal (or lignite )燃料煤 bunker coal吹泄旋塞 blow off cock方块系数,方形系数block coefficient (or block coefficient of fineness)后柱 back column舱区 bilge compartment方位罗经 bearing compass小艇罗经 boat compass梁规,长径圆规 beam compasses压载船况呆船状况,极静船况ballast condition dead ship condition带式输送机 belt conveyer卤水冷却器 brine cooler软木砖 brick cork球窝联结器 ball and socket coupling筒形联结器 box coupling双臂曲柄 bell crank组合曲柄 built-up crank组合曲[柄]轴 built-up crank shaft庞琴曲线 bonjean's curve浮力曲线 bouyancy curve小艇吊架 boat davit小艇甲板 boat deck段甲板 break deck驾驶台甲板 bridge deck舱壁甲板 bulkhead deck小艇吊杆 boat derrick基本设计 basic design均衡盘 balance disc轫盘,煞车盘 brake disc裸排水量 bare displacement戽斗挖泥船 bucket dredger胸压钻 breast drill韧筒,煞车鼓 brake drum裸[电]焊条 bare electrode平衡机 balanced engine水抽射器 bilge ejector后端板 back end plate小艇吊机 boat hoisting engine小艇吊索 boat fall包尔瓦赫排汽涡轮机 baure-wach exhaust steam turbine 舷窗玻璃,单眼滑孔 )牛眼圈,缆索嵌环 bull's eye[小]艇[装]具 boat fittings锅炉附件 boiler fittings弯肋骨 bent frame艇具 boat gear斜面挡铆锤 bevel faced holding hammer斜面锤 bevel faced hammer鼓风炉 blast furnace腋板纵梁 bracketed girder夹梁钩,舱盖梁座 beam grab水抽射 bilge injection艇钩 boat hook斜齿轮 bevel gear吊艇装具 boat handling gear鼓风压力计 blast air gauge条格栅 bar grating里钩 back hook底纵梁 bottom girder吊箱钩 box hook双吊杆顶间控索boom head guy (or schooner guy, or span guy)轴差规,桥形规 bridge gauge艏胸腋材 breast hook锅炉马力 boiler horsepower黑心展性铸铁 black heat malleable cast iron舱壁灯 bulkhead lamp球窝接头 ball and socket joint子舱口,人员舱口 booby hatch后管集箱,后管头箱 back header蓝热 blue heat浮筒系钩 buoy hook艏纵剖面线,艏缆 bow line纵剖面线 buttock line弯曲机 bending machine锅炉衬套 boiler lagging (or clothing)连杆 bar link制动马力 brake horsepower (bhp)喷灯 blow lamp舱壁填板 bulkhead liner条龙骨 bar keel插旋接头 bayonet joint断偶接合 break joint床梯 berth ladder组合桅 built (or made) mast对接 butt joint龙骨 bilge keel束光灯 beam light巴比合金 babbitt metal平衡试验机 balancing machine 球接头 ball joint牛眼灯 bull's eye lamp内龙骨 bilge keelson壁灯 bracket lamp基线 base line (bl)光口机 burring machine梁肘板 beam knee搪床 boring machine弯矩 bending moment压载水线 ballast line横缆 breast line斜角机 bevelling machine本体金属,卑金属 base metal卤水管 brine pipe蝶形螺帽,元宝螺帽 butterfly nut 船底漆 bottom paint[艇底]水塞 bilge plug压载泵 ballast pump卤水泵 brine pump吹管 blow pipe烤炉 baker's oven水线漆 boot topping paint (bt)锅炉油 boiler oil旁通管 by pass pipe边缘板(木甲板) boundary (or margin) plank 锅炉装件 boiler mountings锅炉舱口 boiler room opening掺合油 blended oil重油 bunker oil艏螺桨 bow propeller组合螺桨 built up propeller盖补,盲板 blind patch均压活塞 balance (or dummy) piston舱底塞 bottom (or decking) plug承受压力,轴承压力 bearing pressure黑铅漆 black lead paint喷射空气管 blast air pipe舱壁图 bulkhead plan艇底自动泄水塞 ball plug水泵 bilge pump加力泵 booster pump旁通管 bypath pipe背压 back pressure横剖面线图 body plan锅炉压力 boiler pressure迸裂压力 bursting pressure水管 bilge pipe双叉管 breeches pipe舷向系缆 breast rope板 bilge plank艏栏杆 bow rail下桅支索 bower rigging埋头铆钉 bull head rivet帆缆库 boatswain's store room浮筒系索 buoy rope船底板(木船) bottom plank叶片环 blade ring平衡反动舵 balanced reaction rudder 带锯 band saw艏舵 bow rudder平衡舵 balanced rudder艛栏杆 breast rail锅炉壳 boiler shell前桅支索 bore rigging舷向浪,横浪 beam sea香蕉船 banana ship牛眼环索 bull rope暴风遮,防风遮,防暴遮 blast screen艏槽轮 bow sheave蒲福风级 beaufort scale锻工场 blacksmith shop圆头铆钉 button head rivet战舰 battle ship对[接]铆[接] butt riveting部撑柱 bilge shore缓冲弹簧 buffer spring筒轴 barrel shaft锅炉拉条 boiler stay锅炉用钢 boiler steel膨出壳板 bulging shell碎浪 broken sea小艇工场 boat shop船梁支柱 beam stanchion锅炉座 boiler seating登艇站 boat station水柜 bilge tank锅炉给水柜 boiler water tank球形艉 bulbous stern小艇系杆 boat spar锅炉工场 boiler shop帆缆库 boatswain's store小艇存放装置 boat stowage舷墙支柱 bulwark stanchion后支杆,后拉索 back stay防摇拉条 breast stay货载空隙 broken stowage弹道表 ballistic table鼓风过滤器 blast air strainer压载水吸入管 ballast suction pipe 分路开关 branch switch造船台 building slip (or berth)弯曲强度 bending strength纵肋 bilge stringer舱壁填料函 bulkhead stuffing box 水吸口 bilge suction水吸入管 bilge suction pipe舷墙支柱 bulwark stay舱壁防挠材 bulkhead stiffener帆桁滑车组 boom tackle挫曲应力 buckling stress平衡试验 balancing test均衡弹簧 balance spring柏思麦钢 bessemer steel渗碳钢 blister steel条钢 bar steel煞车停止器brake stopper舱口侧甲板列(木船) binding strake裂断强度 breaking strength压载舱 ballast tank底板列 bottom strake弯曲应力 bending stress裂断试验 breaking test板列 bilge strake副龙骨翼板列(木船) broad strake背压涡轮机 back pressure turbine弯曲试验 bending test浮力柜(潜艇) buoyancy tank吊杆试验 boom test吹泄阀 blow-off valve锅炉管 boiler tube小艇空气箱 boat tanks盐水柜 brine tank锅炉试验 boiler test膨出试验 bulge (or dishing) test艏波 bow wave斜齿轮,斜面轮 bevel wheel英国标准 bs (= british standards, u.k.)水喷射阀 bilge injection valve法国汽车最高委员会 bds (= comite supreme de l'automobile, france)台钳 bench vice帽形阀 bonnet valve舱壁阀 bulkhead valve均衡阀 balanced valve蝶形阀 butterfly valve旁通阀 by-pass (or bypath) valve法国验船协会 bv (= bureau veritas, france)衡重 balance (or counter) weight背压阀 back pressure valve球阀 ball valve鼓风隔离阀 blast air isolating valve建造工场 building yard印度尼西亚验船协会 bk (= biro klasifikasi indonesia)污水井 bilge well英国造船研究协会bsra (= the british shipbuilding research association)。
英汉海洋科学名词
abiological removal 非生物转移abiotic zone 无生命带abrasion platform 海蚀台地absolute salinity 绝对盐度abundance 丰度abyssal circulation 深渊环流abyssal clay 深海粘土abyssal fauna 深渊动物abyssal hill 深海丘陵abyssal plain 深海平原abyssal zone 深渊带abyssopelagic organism 大洋深渊水层生物abyssopelagic plankton 深渊浮游生物abyssopelagic zone 深渊层accessory mark 副轮accretionary prism 增生楔accumulation 堆积作用acoustic remote sensing 声遥感acoustical oceanography 声学海洋学active continental margin 主动大陆边缘aerial remote sensing observation 航空遥感观测African Plate 非洲板块afternoon effect 午后效应Agassiz trawl 阿氏拖网age composition 年龄组成aggregated distribution 集聚分布ahermatypic coral 非造礁珊瑚air gun 气枪air lifting 气举air-born substances 气源物质airborne infrared radiometer 机载红外辐射计air-sea boundary process 海-气边界过程air-sea interaction 海-气相互作用air-sea interface 海-气界面air-tight 气密albedo of sea 海洋反照率"algal chemistry, phycochemistry " 藻类化学algal reef 藻礁alkalinity 碱度allochthonous population 外来种群allopatry 异域分布"alternating current, rectilinear current " 往复流ambient sea noise 海洋环境噪声amphi-boreal distribution 北方两洋分布amphidromic point 无潮点"amphidromic system, amphidrome " 旋转潮波系统amphi-Pacific distribution 太平洋两岸分布anadromic fish 溯河鱼anaerobic zone 厌氧带anaerobiosis 厌氧生活analytical chemistry of sea water 海水分析化学"anchor ice, ground ice " 锚冰anchorage area 锚泊地anchored structure 锚泊结构anomalous sea level 异常水位anoxic basin 缺氧海盆anoxic event 缺氧事件anoxic water 缺氧水"Antarctic Bottom Water, AABW " 南极底层水Antarctic Circumpolar Current 南极绕极流Antarctic Circumpolar Water Mass 南极绕极水团Antarctic Plate 南极洲板块anthropogenic hydrocarbon 人源烃anthropogenic input 人源输入antifouling 防污着aphotic zone 无光带"apparent oxygen utilization, AOU " 表观耗氧量aquaculture 水产养殖aquaculture 水产栽培aquafarm 水产养殖场aquanaut work 潜水作业aquaranch 水中牧场aquatic community 水生群落aquatic ecosystem 水生生态系archipelago 群岛Arctic Ocean 北冰洋"Arctic Water, North Polar Water " 北极水arc-trench-basin system 沟弧盆系armor block 护面块体armored diving 铠装潜水artificial island 人工岛artificial sea water 人工海水aseismic ridge 无震海岭assemblage 组合assimilation efficiency 同化效率assimilation number 同化数association 群聚astronomical tide 天文潮"Atlantic Equatorial Undercurrent, Lomonosov Current " 大西洋赤道潜流Atlantic Ocean 大西洋Atlantic-type coastline 大西洋型岸线Atlantic-type continental margin 大西洋型大陆边缘atmospheric input 大气输入atmospheric sea salt 大气海盐atmospheric transport 大气输送atoll 环礁auricularia larva 耳状幼体Australia-Antarctic Rise 澳大利亚-南极海隆autecology 个体生态学authigenic sediment 自生沉积autoinhibitory substance 自体抑制物质autotroph 自养生物auxotroph 营养缺陷生物average heavy swell 中狂涌average height of the heighest one-tenth wave 1/10 [大波平均]波高average height of the heighest one-third wave 1/3 [大波平均]波高average moderate swell 中中涌axially symmetric marine gravimeter 轴对称式海洋重力仪azimuth correction 方位改正back-arc 弧后back-arc basin 弧后盆地back-arc spreading 弧后扩张backshore 后滨bacterial film 细菌膜bacterial slime 细菌粘膜bacterioneuston 漂游细菌barbor boat 港作船baroclinic ocean 斜压海洋barophilic bacteria 喜压细菌barotropic ocean 正压海洋barrier 沙坝barrier island 沙坝岛barrier reef 堡礁baseline study 基线研究batch culture 一次性培养bathyal fauna 深海动物bathyal zone 深海带bathymetry 水深测量bathypelagic organism 大洋深层生物bathypelagic plankton 深层浮游生物bathypelagic zone 深层beach 海滩beach berm 滩肩beach cusp 滩角beach cycle 海滩旋回beach face 滩面beach nourishment 人工育滩beach profile 海滩剖面beach ridge 滩脊beach rock 海滩岩beam trawl 桁拖网bench 岩滩Benioff zone 贝尼奥夫带benthic community 底栖生物群落benthic division 海底区benthic-pelagic coupling 海底-水层耦合benthology 底栖生物学benthos 底栖生物berth 泊位bioadhesion 生物粘着bioassay 生物测试"biochemical oxygen demand, BOD " 生化需氧量biodegradation 生物降解biodeterioration 生物污染bioerosion 生物侵蚀biofacy 生物相biofouling 生物污着biogenic sediment 生物沉积biogenous hydrocarbon 生源烃biogenous silica 生源硅石biological detritus 生物碎屑biological input 生物输入biological noise 生物噪声biological oceanography 生物海洋学biological purification 生物净化biological removal 生物转移biological scavenging 生物清除bioluminescence 生物发光biomass 生物量bionics 仿生学biosphere 生物圈biota 生物区系biotope 生活小区bioturbation 生物扰动biozone 生物带bipinnaria larva 羽腕幼体bipolarity 两极同源bird-foot delta 鸟足[形]三角洲Bohai Coastal Current 渤海沿岸流Bohai Sea 渤海boomerang sediment corer 自返式沉积物取芯器borate alkalinity 硼酸[盐]碱度"borer, boring organism " 钻孔生物bottom current 底层流bottom friction layer 底摩擦层bottom grab 表层取样器bottom reflection 海底声反射bottom reverberation 海底混响bottom scattering 海底散射bottom water 底层水bottom wave 底波bottom-supported platform 坐底式平台boundary flux 界面通量box corer 箱式取样器box model 箱式模型brackish water species 半咸水种brash ice 碎冰"breaker, surf " 碎波breakwater 防波堤brine 卤水"brown clay, red clay " 褐粘土bubble effect 气泡效应buoyant mat 浮力沉垫burrowing organism 穴居生物caballing [混合]增密caisson 沉箱calcareous ooze 钙质软泥"calcite compensation depth, CCD " 方解石补偿深度calcite dissolution index 方解石溶解指数calm sea 无浪capillary wave 毛细波carbon assimilation 碳同化作用carbon cycle 碳循环carbon dioxide system in sea water 海水二氧化碳系统carbonate alkalinity 碳酸[盐]碱度"carbonate critical depth, CCRD " 碳酸盐极限深度carbonate cycle 碳酸盐旋回carbonate system in sea water 海水碳酸盐系统carcinology 甲壳动物学carnivore 食肉动物catastrophe 灾变catch 渔获量catchability coefficient 可捕系数cathodic protection 阴极防护cellar connection 井口装置Central Indian Ridge 印度洋中脊central rift 中央裂谷central water 中央水chain of volcanoes 火山链"Changjiang Diluted Water, Changjiang River Plume " 长江冲淡水characteristic species 特征种chemical diagenesis 化学成岩作用chemical form 化学形态chemical oceanography 化学海洋学"chemical oxygen demand, COD " 化学需氧量chemical scavenging 化学清除chemical speciation 化学形态分析chemical speciation models 化学形态模型chemical species 化学形式chemical weathering 化学风化作用chemo-autotroph 化能自养生物chemostatic culture 恒化培养"chemotaxis, chemotaxy " 趋化性chemotrophy 化能营养"China Classification Society, ZC " 中国船级社chlorinity 氯度chlorinity ratio 氯度比值chlorosity 氯量chronostratigraphy 年代地层学ciguatoxic fish 西加毒鱼类circumpacific volcanic belt 环太平洋火山带clay 粘土"closed season, prohibited season " 禁渔期cnoidal wave 椭圆余弦波coast of emergence 上升海岸coast of submergence 下沉海岸"coastal current, littoral current " 沿岸流coastal dune 海岸沙丘coastal engineering 海岸工程coastal terrace 海岸阶地coastal water 沿岸水coastal zone 海岸带coastline 海岸线coastline effect 海岸效应coccolith ooze 颗石软泥cofferdam 围堰cold current 寒流cold eddy 冷涡cold water species 冷水种cold water sphere 冷水圈cold water tongue 冷水舌collision zone 碰撞带commensalism 共栖commensalism 偏利共生common species 习见种community 群落community ecology 群落生态学compensation current 补偿流compensation depth 补偿深度compliant structure 顺应式结构composite breakwater 混合式防波堤compound shoreline 复合滨线compound tide 复合潮conchology 贝类学"conductivity-temperature-depth system, CTD " 温盐深仪confused sea 暴涛confused swell 暴涌conservative constituents of sea water 海水保守成分constancy of composition of sea water 海水成分恒定性constituent day 分潮日constituent hour 分潮时constructive boundary 建设性板块边界consumer 消费者continental accretion 大陆增生continental drift 大陆漂移continental margin 大陆边缘continental rise 大陆隆continental shelf 大陆架continental shelf break 大陆架坡折continental slope 大陆坡continental terrace 大陆阶地"continuous cultivation, continuous culture " 连续培养continuous model 连续模型contour current 等深流contourite 等深流沉积[岩]contrast in water 水中对比度contrast transmission in water 水中对比度传输controlled ecosystem experiment 控制生态系实验convective mixing 对流混合conventional diving 常规潜水convergent boundary 会聚边界conversion efficiency 转换效率"copepodite, copepodid larva " 桡足幼体coprophagy 食粪动物coral reef 珊瑚礁coral reef coast 珊湖礁海岸corrosion in sea water 海水腐蚀cosmogenous sediment 宇宙沉积cosmopolitan 世界[广布]种cotidal chart 同潮图countercurrent 逆流crane barge 起重船critical depth 临界深度crop 收获cross-coupling effect 交叉耦合效应current meter 海流计current pattern 流型cuspate bar 尖角坝cuspate delta 尖[形]三角洲cyphonautes larva 苔藓虫幼体cypris larva 腺介幼体Dalmatian coastline 达尔马提亚岸线datum of chart 海图基准面day-night observation 连续观测deck unit 甲板装置deep current 深层流"deep scattering layer, DSL " 深海散射层deep sea fan 深海扇deep sea propagation 深海传播deep sea sand 深海砂deep sea sediment 深海沉积deep sea sound channel 深海声道deep water 深层水deep water wave 深水波delta 三角洲demersal fish 底层鱼类density current 密度流density current 异重流density-dependent mortality 密度制约死亡率deposit feeder 食底泥动物descriptive oceanography 描述海洋学destructive boundary 破坏性板块边界detached breakwater 岛式防波堤detached wharf 岛式码头detritus feeder 食碎屑动物diagonal wave 斜向浪diatom ooze 硅藻软泥"dicycle, dicycly " 双周期"diel vertical migration, diurnal vertical migration " 昼夜垂直移动dilution cycle 稀释旋回directional wave spectrum 方向波谱dissolution cycle 溶解旋回"dissolved inorganic carbon, DIC " 溶解无机碳"dissolved organic carbon, DOC " 溶解有机碳"dissolved organic matter, DOM " 溶解有机物"dissolved organic nitrogen, DON " 溶解有机氮"dissolved organic phosphorus, DOP " 溶解有机磷dissolved oxygen 溶解氧disturbing acceleration 干扰加速度diurnal inequality 日不等[现象]diurnal tide 全日潮diver 潜水员divergent boundary 离散边界diversity 多样性diving suit 潜水服dock 船坞dominant species 优势种"Donghai Coastal Current, East China Sea Coastal Current " 东海沿岸流"Donghai Sea, East China Sea " 东海Doppler current meter 多普勒海流计double diffusion 双扩散double ebb 双低潮double flood 双高潮downwelling 下降流dredge 底栖生物刮底网dredger 挖泥船dredging engineering 疏浚工程drift current 漂流drift ice 流冰drifting buoy 漂流浮标drill conductor 隔水套管drilling vessel 钻探船dry diving 干式潜水duration-limited spectrum 有限风时谱dynamic method 动力方法dynamic positioning 动力定位dynamical oceanography 动力海洋学East African Rift Zone 东非裂谷带East Pacific Rise 东太平洋海隆"ebb, ebb tide " 落潮echinopluteus larva 海胆幼体echo ranging 回声测距echosounder 测深仪ecological barrier 生态障碍ecosystem 生态系edge wave 边缘波efflux 输出通量Ekman depth 埃克曼深度Ekman layer 埃克曼层Ekman pumping 埃克曼抽吸Ekman spiral 埃克曼螺旋Ekman transport 埃克曼输送El Nino ( 西) 厄尔尼诺electrodialysis 电渗析electromagnetic vibration exciter 电磁振荡震源elliptical trochoidal wave 椭圆余摆线波embayed coast 港湾海岸endemic population 地方种群endemic species 地方种endolithion 石内生物endopelos 泥内生物endopsammon 沙内生物energy flow 能流"engineering oceanology, engineering oceanography " 海洋工程水文enhancement 增殖entrainment 卷吸environmental load 环境荷载Eotvos effect 厄特沃什效应ephyra larva 碟状幼体epibenthic sledge 底表撬网epifauna 底表动物epilithion 石面生物epipelagic organism 大洋上层生物epipelagic zone 上层epipelos 泥面生物epiphyte 附生植物epiplankton 上层浮游生物epipsammon 沙面生物Equatorial Countercurrent 赤道逆流Equatorial Current 赤道流"Equatorial Undercurrent, EUC " 赤道潜流equilibrium profile 平衡剖面equilibrium tide 平衡潮equinoctial tide 分点潮equivalent duration 等效风时equivalent fetch 等效风区estuarine chemistry 河口化学estuary 河口湾estuary improvement 河口治理euphotic layer 真光层Eurasian Plate 欧亚板块eurybaric organism 广压性生物eurybathic organism 广深性生物euryhaline species 广盐种euryphagous animal 广食性动物"eurythermal species, eurythermic species " 广温种eustasy 全球性海面升降eutrophic water 富营养水eutrophication 富营养化[作用]euxinic environment 静海环境event deposit 事件沉积exclusive economic zone 专属经济区exogenous organic matter 外源有机物"expendable bathythermograph, XBT " 投弃式温深计exploitative engineering of offshore petroleum/gas reservoir 海上油气开发工程exploratory engineering of offshore petroleum/gas reservoir 海上油气勘探explosive energy source 炸药震源exposed waters 开阔海域failure probability 破坏概率fan delta 扇[形]三角洲fast ice 固定冰fatigue break 疲劳断裂fault coast 断层海岸feather angle 羽角feathering 羽状移动fecal pellet 粪粒fecundity 生殖力feeding migration 索饵洄游fertility 肥力fetch 风区fetch-limited spectrum 有限风区谱fictitious body 假想天体"filter feeder, suspension feeder " 滤食性动物finestructure 细结构fiord 峡湾fish finder 鱼探仪fish resources 鱼类资源fisheries oceanography 渔业海洋学fishery management 渔业管理fishery resources 渔业资源fishing effort 捕捞能力fishing intensity 捕捞强度fishing mortality coefficient 渔捞死亡系数fishing season 渔期fixed oceanographic station 定点观测站fixed structure 固定式结构flare boom 火炬臂"flat coast, low coast " 低平海岸floating breakwater 浮式防波堤floating hose 浮式软管floating structure 浮式结构floating-type wharf 浮式码头floe ice 浮冰"flood, flood tide " 涨潮food chain 食物链food organism 饵料生物food pyramid 食物金字塔food web 食物网foraminiferal ooze 有孔虫软泥fore-arc 弧前fore-arc basin 弧前盆地forerunner 先行涌foreshore 前滨fouling organism 污着生物foundation bed 基床foundation capability 地基承载能力fracture zone 破裂带freshwater plume 淡水舌frictional depth 摩擦深度"fringing reef, shore reef " 岸礁fully developed sea 充分成长风浪gas exploder 气爆震源gateway 峡口general circulation 总环流geographical barrier 地理障碍geological oceanography 地质海洋学"geomagnetic electrokinetograph, GEK " 电磁海流计geostrophic current 地转流geotechnical test 土工试验glacial effect 冰川效应globigerina ooze 抱球虫软泥Gondwana 冈瓦纳古陆gravitational tide 引力潮gravity corer 重力取芯器gravity platform 重力式平台gravity wave 重力波gravity-type structure 重力式结构grazing angle 掠射角groin 丁坝gross primary production 毛初级生产量growth efficiency 生长效率growth overfishing 生长型捕捞过度Gulf Stream 湾流"gulf, bay " 海湾guyed-tower platform 拉索塔平台guyot 平顶海山gyre 流涡habitat 生境"hadal fauna, ultra-abyssal fauna " 超深渊动物"hadal zone, ultra-abyssal zone " 超深渊带half-tide level 半潮面halmyrolysis 海解作用halobiont 盐生生物halocline 盐跃层halophile organism 适盐生物harbor accommodation 港口设施harbor entrance 口门harbor hinterland 港口腹地harbor land area 港口陆域harbor siltation 港口淤积harbour basin 港池harbour site 港址Hardy continuous plankton recorder 哈迪浮游生物记录器harmonic analysis of tide 潮汐调和分析harmonic constant of tide 潮汐调和常数hatchability 孵化率"headland, cape " 岬角heave 垂荡"hekistoplankton, ultraplankton " 超微型浮游生物helium-nitrogen-oxygen saturation diving 氦-氮-氧饱和潜水helium-oxygen diving 氦-氧潜水hemipelagic deposit 半远洋沉积"herbivore, grazer " 食植动物hermatypic coral 造礁珊瑚heterogeneity 异质性heterotroph 异养生物high energy marine environment 海洋高能环境high sea 狂浪"high water, HW " 高潮"highest astronomical tide, HAT " 最高天文潮位holophytic nutrition 全植型营养holoplankton 终生浮游生物homogeneity 同质性homogeneous layer 均匀层horizontal distribution 平面分布hot spot 热点hot spring 海底热泉"Huanghai Coastal Current, Yellow Sea Coastal Current " 黄海沿岸流"Huanghai Cold Water Mass, Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass " 黄海冷水团"Huanghai Sea, Yellow Sea " 黄海"Huanghai Warm Current, Yellow Sea Warm Current " 黄海暖流humification 腐殖化[作用]hummocked ice 堆积冰hydraulic model test 水力模型试验hydraulic piston corer 液压活塞取芯器hydrobiology 水生生物学hydrobiont 水生生物hydrodynamic noise 流体动力噪声hydrothermal circulation 热液循环hydrothermal process 热液过程ice cover 冰盖ice edge 冰缘线ice field 冰原ice period 冰期ice rind 冰壳ice shelf 冰架ice thickness 冰厚iceberg 冰山ichthyology 鱼类学implosive source 聚爆式震源in situ density 现场密度in situ measurement 现场测定in situ salinometer 现场盐度计in situ specific volume 现场比容in situ temperature 现场温度incident wave 入射波"incubation, hatching " 孵化Indian Ocean 印度洋Indian Plate 印度洋板块indicator species 指示种infauna 底内动物influx 输入通量inshore 内滨instanteneous mortality rate 瞬间死亡率interface exchange process 界面交换过程intermediate water 中层水internal tide 内潮internal wave 内波interstitial fauna 间隙动物"interstitial water, pore water " 间隙水intertidal zone 潮间带"Intertropical Convergence Zone, Equatorial " 赤道辐合带intraplate volcanism 板内火山活动inversion layer 逆置层in-vivo fluorescence technique 活体荧光技术ion-exchange membrane 离子交换膜irregular wave 不规则波island 岛island arc 岛弧island shelf 岛架island slope 岛坡isohaline 等盐线isotherm 等温线jacket pile-driven platform 导管架桩基平台jack-up platform 自升式平台jetty 突堤jetty 导堤juvenile 幼年个体Kelvin wave 开尔文波key species 关键种knuckle joint 万向接头Knudsen's burette 克努森滴定管Knudsen's pipette 克努森移液管Knudsen's tables 克努森表Kuroshio 黑潮lag effect 滞后效应lagoon 湖lamellibranchia larva 瓣鳃类幼体land and sea breezes 海陆风land fabrication 陆上预制land-origin ice 陆源冰larva 幼体lateral reflection 侧反射launching 下水Laurasia 劳亚古陆law of the sea 海洋法lead lane 冰间水道level bottom community 平底生物群落level ice 平整冰life support system 生命支持系统light acclimation 光驯化light adaptation 光适性light and dark bottle technique 黑白瓶法light boat 灯船light house 灯塔light saturation 光饱和Lloyd's Register of Shipping 劳埃德船级社long heavy swell 长狂涌long low swell 长轻涌long moderate swell 长中涌long-crested wave 长峰波Longhurst-Hardy plankton recorder 朗-哈浮游生物记录器longshore current 顺岸流"longshore drift, littoral drift " 沿岸泥沙流"low water, LW " 低潮"lowest astronomical tide, LAT " 最低天文潮位luminous organism 发光生物lunar tide 太阴潮lunar tide interval 太阴潮间隙lysis 溶菌lysocline 溶跃层macrobenthos 大型底栖生物macrofauna 大型动物macroplankton 大型浮游生物magnetic lineation 磁条带magnetic quiet zone 磁场平静带main thermocline 主[温]跃层major constituents of sea water 海水主要成分malacology 软体动物学"manganese nodule, ferromanganese nodule " 锰结核mangrove coast 红树林海岸mangrove swamp 红树林沼泽manifold system 管汇系统mantle bulge 地幔隆起mantle convection 地幔对流mantle plume 地幔柱marginal basin 边缘盆地marginal sea 边缘海marginal-type wharf 顺岸码头mariculture 海产养殖mariculture 海产栽培marine accident 海损事故marine acoustics 海洋声学marine aerosol 海洋气溶胶marine bio-acoustics 海洋生物声学marine biochemical resource 海洋生化资源marine biochemistry 海洋生物化学marine biogeochemistry 海洋生物地球化学marine biological noise 海洋生物噪声marine biology 海洋生物学marine chemical resource 海洋化学资源marine chemistry 海洋化学"marine climate, ocean climate " 海洋气候marine climatology 海洋气候学marine contamination 海洋玷污marine corrosion 海洋腐蚀marine detritus 海洋碎屑marine ecology 海洋生态学marine ecosystem 海洋生态系marine element geochemistry 海洋元素地球化学marine engineering geology 海洋工程地质marine environment 海洋环境marine environmental assessment 海洋环境评价marine environmental capacity 海洋环境容量marine environmental chemistry 海洋环境化学"marine environmental forecasting, marine " 海洋环境预报marine environmental monitoring 海洋环境监测marine environmental protection 海洋环境保护marine environmental quality 海洋环境质量marine environmental sciences 海洋环境科学marine erosion 海蚀作用marine geochemistry 海洋地球化学marine geology 海洋地质学marine geomagnetic anomaly 海洋地磁异常marine geomagnetic survey 海洋地磁调查marine geomorphology 海洋地貌学marine geophysical survey 海洋地球物理调查marine geophysics 海洋地球物理学marine gravimeter 海洋重力仪marine gravity anomaly 海洋重力异常marine gravity survey 海洋重力调查marine heat flow survey 海洋地热流调查marine humus 海洋腐殖质"marine hydrography, marine hydrology " 海洋水文学marine installation 海上安装沉放marine isotope chemistry 海洋同位素化学marine meteorology 海洋气象学marine microorganism 海洋微生物marine natural hydrocarbon 海洋天然烃marine natural product 海洋天然产物marine natural product chemistry 海洋天然产物化学marine organic chemistry 海洋有机化学marine organic geochemistry 海洋有机地球化学marine pharmacognosy 海洋生药学marine photochemistry 海洋光化学marine physical chemistry 海洋物理化学marine physics 海洋物理学marine policy 海洋政策marine pollutants 海洋污染物marine pollution 海洋污染marine pressure hydrophone 海洋压力水听器marine reflection seismic survey 海洋反射地震调查marine refraction seismic survey 海洋折射地震调查marine resource chemistry 海洋资源化学marine resources 海洋资源marine salvage 海难救助"marine sciences, ocean sciences " 海洋科学marine sedimentology 海洋沉积学marine seismic profiler 海洋地震剖面仪marine seismic streamer 海洋地震漂浮电缆marine seismic survey 海洋地震调查marine seismograph 海洋地震仪marine stratigraphy 海洋地层学marine technology 海洋技术marine towage 海上拖运marine wide-angle reflection seismic survey 海洋广角反射地震调查maritime air mass 海洋气团marking 标记marsh organism 沼泽生物mass balance 质量平衡mass budget 质量收支mass transfer 质量转移"mean sea level, MSL " 平均海平面"mechanical bathythermograph, MBT " 机械式温深计medical security for diving 潜水医务保障megafauna 巨型动物megalopa larva 大眼幼体megaplankton 巨型浮游生物meiobenthos 小型底栖生物meiofauna 小型动物"meroplankton, transitory plankton " 阶段性浮游生物mesocosm 中型实验生态系mesopelagic fish 中层鱼类mesopelagic organism 大洋中层生物mesopelagic zone 中层mesoplankton 中型浮游生物mesopsammon 沙间生物mesoscale eddy 中尺度涡meteorological tide 气象潮microbenthos 微型底栖生物microbivore 食微生物者microcolony 小菌落microcontinent 微大陆microcosm 小型实验生态系microdistribution 微分布microecosystem 微生态系microfauna 微型动物microfouling 微生物污着microhabitat 微生境micronutrients 微量营养物microplankton 小型浮游生物microstructure 微结构Mid-Atlantic Ridge 大西洋中脊mid-ocean ridge 洋中脊mid-ocean ridge basalt 洋中脊玄武岩midwater trawl 中层拖网migratory fish 洄游鱼类minimum duration 最小风时minimum fetch 最小风区minor elements of sea water 海水微量元素mirage 蜃景mixed layer sound channel 混合层声道"mixed layer, mixing layer " 混合层mixed tide 混合潮mixotroph 混合营养生物mobile platform 移动式平台moderate sea 中浪module 模块"monocycle, monocycly " 单周期monophagy 单食性monsoon current 季风海流moored data buoy 锚定资料浮标mooring facilities 系泊设施mooring force 系泊力mortality 死亡率mound-type breakwater 斜坡式防波堤mud 泥muddy coast 泥质海岸multibeam echosounder 多波束测深仪multi-point mooring 多点系泊multistage flash distillation 多级闪急蒸馏multistage separator 多级分离器mysis larva 糠虾期幼体N/P ratio 氮磷比[值]"Nanhai Coastal Current, South China Sea Coastal Current " 南海沿岸流"Nanhai Sea, South China Sea " 南海"Nanhai Warm Current, South China Sea Warm Current " 南海暖流nannoplankton 微型浮游生物nauplius larva 无节幼体navigation channel 航道navigation equipment 导航设备neap tide 小潮nearshore zone 近滨带nectochaeta larva 疣足幼体nektobenthos 游泳底栖生物nekton 游泳生物nepheloid 雾状层neritic organism 近海生物neritic sediment 浅海沉积neritic zone 浅海带neritic zone 近海区net plankton 网采浮游生物net primary production 净初级生产量net primary productivity 净初级生产力neurotoxin 神经毒素niche 生态位Ninety East Ridge 东经90度洋中脊Niskin water sampler 尼斯金采水器nitrogen cycle 氮循环nitrogen-oxygen diving 氮-氧潜水no swell 无涌non-conservative constituents of sea water 海水非保守成分nonharmonic constant of tide 潮汐非调和常数non-saturation diving 非饱和潜水Norpac net 北太浮游生物网North American Plate 北美洲板块"North Atlantic Deep Water, NADW " 北大西洋深层水not fully developed sea 未充分成长风浪nursing ground 育幼场nutrient depletion 营养[盐]耗竭nutrients in sea water 海水营养盐obduction plate 仰冲板块obduction zone 仰冲带oblique haul 斜拖observation platform 观测平台ocean 洋ocean basin 洋盆ocean bottom seismograph 海底地震仪ocean circulation 大洋环流ocean color scanner 海色扫描仪ocean current 海流ocean current energy 海流能ocean energy conversion 海洋能转换ocean energy resources 海洋能源ocean engineering 海洋工程ocean exploitation 海洋开发ocean management 海洋管理ocean observation technology 海洋观测技术"ocean optics, marine optics " 海洋光学ocean power generation 海洋能发电ocean salinity energy 海洋盐差能ocean thermal energy 海洋温差能ocean wave 海浪ocean wave spectrum 海浪谱ocean-atmosphere heat exchange 海气热交换oceanic crust 洋壳oceanic front 海洋锋oceanic optical remote sensing 海洋光学遥感oceanic plate 大洋板块oceanic sound scatterer 海洋声散射体oceanic tholeiite 大洋拉斑玄武岩oceanic troposphere 大洋对流层oceanic turbulence 海洋湍流oceanic zone 大洋区oceanization 大洋化作用"oceanographic survey, oceanographic investigation " 海洋调查"oceanography, oceanology " 海洋学offshore 外滨offshore bar 滨外坝offshore engineering 近海工程offshore loading and unloading system 海上装卸油系统offshore oil-gas flowline 海上输油气管线offshore platform 近海平台offshore storage unit 海上贮油装置oil fence [围]油栅oil-gas-water treating system 油气水处理系统oligohaline species 寡盐种oligostenohaline species 低狭盐种oligotaxic ocean 少种型大洋oligotrophic water 贫营养水omnivore 杂食动物ooze 软泥ophiopluteus larva 长腕幼体opportunistic species 机会种optimum catch 最适渔获量organic coating layer 有机覆盖层overfishing 捕捞过度overlying water 上覆水overpopulation 种群过密overtide 倍潮overwintering 越冬oxide film 氧化膜oxygen maximum layer 氧最大层oxygen minimum layer 氧最小层oxygen partial pressure 氧分压Oyashio 亲潮oyster reef 牡蛎礁"Pacific Equatorial Undercurrent, Cromwell Current " 太平洋赤道潜流Pacific Ocean 太平洋Pacific Plate 太平洋板块Pacific-type coastline 太平洋型岸线Pacific-type continental margin 太平洋型大陆边缘pack ice 浮冰群paleoceanography 古海洋学paleocurrent 古海流paleodepth 古深度paleomagnetic stratigraphy 古地磁地层学paleoproductivity 古生产力paleosalinity 古盐度Pangaea 泛大陆Panthalassa 泛大洋parallel dike 顺坝parasitism 寄生"particulate inorganic carbon, PIC " 颗粒无机碳particulate matter in sea water 海水颗粒物"particulate organic carbon, POC " 颗粒有机碳"particulate organic matter, POM " 颗粒有机物"particulate organic nitrogen, PON " 颗粒有机氮"particulate organic phosphorus, POP " 颗粒有机磷passive continental margin 被动大陆边缘patch reef 点礁patchiness 斑块分布pediveliger larva 具足面盘幼体pelagic deposit 远洋沉积pelagic division 水层区pelagic egg 浮性卵pelagic fish 上层鱼类pelagic organism 水层生物pelagic organism 大洋生物pelagic phase 浮性生活期peleotemperature 古温度peninsula 半岛periphyton 周丛生物permanent thermocline 永久性温跃层phaeophytin 脱镁叶绿素phosphorus cycle 磷循环photo-autotroph 光能自养生物photobacteria 发光细菌photochemical transformation 光化学转化photophilous organism 适光生物photosynthetic activity 光合活性"phototaxis, phototaxy " 趋光性phycology 藻类学phyllosoma larva 叶状幼体physical oceanography 物理海洋学phytoplankton 浮游植物pile group 群桩pile-driving barge 打桩船pilidium larva 帽状幼体pipe-laying ship 敷管船piston corer 活塞取芯器pitch 纵摇planktobacteria 浮游细菌plankton 浮游生物plankton equivalent 浮游生物当量plankton indicator 浮游生物指示器plankton net 浮游生物网plankton pump 浮游生物泵plankton recorder 浮游生物记录器"planktonology, planktology " 浮游生物学planula larva 浮浪幼体plate 板块plate boundary 板块边界plate collision 板块碰撞plate convergence 板块会聚plate tectonics 板块构造学pleuston 漂浮生物plunging breaker 卷碎波poikilotherm 变温动物Poincare wave 庞加莱波polar ice 极地冰pollutant 污染物polymetal crust 多金属结壳polymorphism 多态现象polyphagy 复食性polystenohaline species 高狭盐种polytaxic ocean 多种型大洋population 种群population dynamics 种群动态population ecology 种群生态学porcellana larva 磁蟹幼体porosity 孔隙度"port engineering, harbor engineering " 港口工程post-larva 稚期practical salinity 实用盐度practical salinity scale 1978 1978 实用盐标precipitous sea 怒涛predation 捕食[现象]predator 捕食者preformed nutrients 原存营养盐pressure-relief tank 减压舱pressurized compartment 加压舱prey 猎物primary production 初级生产量primary productivity 初级生产力producer 生产者。
土木工程英语词汇2
bar screen WESTBANK 条栅、铁栅筛bar steel WESTBANK 条钢bar support WESTBANK 钢筋支座bar timbering WESTBANK 支撑材bar tracery WESTBANK 铁楞窗(花)格barrier spring WESTBANK 关泉barrow WESTBANK 独轮手推车，手车basalt WESTBANK 玄武岩bascule barrier WESTBANK 臂式阻断器bascule bridge WESTBANK 上开桥，竖旋桥bascule door WESTBANK 吊门bascule leaf WESTBANK 上开桥扇bascule span WESTBANK 张开跨度base WESTBANK 基地、底座，碱基、基线、底base apparatus WESTBANK 准线测器base ball court WESTBANK 垒球场base bar WESTBANK 基线杆base block WESTBANK 门基板base carriage WESTBANK 基线架base coat WESTBANK 底涂base course WESTBANK 底层，勒脚层base court WESTBANK 裹庭base elbow WESTBANK 底承肘管base exchange WESTBANK 碱基交换base exchange capacity WESTBANK 盐基交换量base exchange softening WESTBANK 基交换软化法base expansion WESTBANK 基线扩大base failure WESTBANK 基础坍塌base flow WESTBANK 基本流量，基流base height ratio WESTBANK 底高比base installation WESTBANK 号志装置base length WESTBANK 基宽，基期base line WESTBANK 基本负荷base load WESTBANK 基线，底线base load station WESTBANK 基本负荷发电厂base map WESTBANK 索引图base measurement WESTBANK 基线测量base metal WESTBANK 被焊料，基焊料base metal thermocouple WESTBANK 卑金属热电偶base moulding WESTBANK 底座线饰base net WESTBANK 基线网base of column WESTBANK 柱基础base of foundation WESTBANK 基底base of levee WESTBANK 堤底base of nozzle WESTBANK 管嘴底base period WESTBANK 基期base plate WESTBANK 底钣，底板base point WESTBANK 基点base pressure WESTBANK 基础压力base projection WESTBANK 基线投影base ratio WESTBANK 基线比base runoff WESTBANK 基径流base shear WESTBANK 基层剪力base shoe WESTBANK 踢脚压条base slab WESTBANK 底版base structure WESTBANK 基元结构base wall WESTBANK 底层墙base width WESTBANK 基期，基宽baseboard WESTBANK 踢脚板baseboard radiator WESTBANK 壁脚暖气管baseboard register WESTBANK 勒脚花格板basement WESTBANK 地窖，底层，地下室basement floor WESTBANK 地窖层面basement house WESTBANK 带地窖房屋basement storey WESTBANK 地窖层面basic bessemer process WESTBANK 碱性贝寒麦炼钢法basic brick WESTBANK 碱性砖basic capacity WESTBANK 基本容量basic electric process WESTBANK 碱性电炉法basic grade WESTBANK 基本阶段borrier toll system WESTBANK 栏式收费制detention period WESTBANK 停留时间detention reservoir WESTBANK 滞洪水库，拦洪水库detention storage WESTBANK 滞蓄detention time WESTBANK 停留时间detergent WESTBANK 清净剂detergent oil WESTBANK 清洁油deterioration WESTBANK 变质determinant WESTBANK 行列式deterministic process WESTBANK 决定程序deterministic system WESTBANK 因果时间deterministic time WESTBANK 起爆炸药detonated dynamite WESTBANK 爆炸detonating WESTBANK 雷管帽detonating cap WESTBANK 决定系统detonating cartridge WESTBANK 起爆药色detonating fuse WESTBANK 爆炸引线detonation fuse WESTBANK 爆炸引线detonation speed WESTBANK 爆发速率detonator WESTBANK 雷管，响墩detonator signal WESTBANK 起爆信号detour WESTBANK 便道，迂回线detour road WESTBANK 迂回路detritus WESTBANK 风化土砾，砂砾detritus avalanche WESTBANK 土石崩detritus slide WESTBANK 土砾滑动，土石崩滑detritus tank WESTBANK 沉砂池devasied land WESTBANK 荒地devastated stream WESTBANK 荒溪developed area WESTBANK 已发展区developed pressure WESTBANK 诱压力，扩展压力developed water WESTBANK 开发水源developer WESTBANK 显像剂developing WESTBANK 显像development WESTBANK 展开图，展线法development direction WESTBANK 发展方向development of land WESTBANK 土地开发development of line WESTBANK 路线展开development plan WESTBANK 开发计划development project WESTBANK 个案发展计划development proposal WESTBANK 发展建议development scale WESTBANK 开发尺度deviation WESTBANK 偏差，偏向deviation of plumb line WESTBANK 垂线偏差deviation of tidal level WESTBANK 潮位偏差deviation prism WESTBANK 折光棱镜deviator stress WESTBANK 轴差应力device WESTBANK 方法，设备dew WESTBANK 露dew point WESTBANK 露点dew point hygrometer WESTBANK 露点湿度计dew point temperature WESTBANK 露点温度dewatering WESTBANK 怯水dewatering equipment WESTBANK 除水设备dewlling unit WESTBANK 住宅单位dezincification WESTBANK 怯锌diabase WESTBANK 辉绿岩diachroscope WESTBANK 二色镜diagonal WESTBANK 对角线，斜杆diagonal axis WESTBANK 对角轴diagonal bar WESTBANK 砂砾滩，斜钢筋diagonal bond WESTBANK 斜角砌法，对角砌合diagonal brace WESTBANK 双角撑diagonal bracing WESTBANK 对角撑构，对角联条diagonal eyepiece WESTBANK 折轴目镜diagonal flow water turbine WESTBANK 斜流水涡轮diagonal grain WESTBANK 制材斜纹dmm mixer WESTBANK 鼓型拌和机dmm weir WESTBANK 鼓轮堰dmm weir dam WESTBANK 鼓坝drop of pressure WESTBANK 压力下降drop off curve WESTBANK 跌落线drop ornament WESTBANK 吊悬装饰drop panel WESTBANK 托板drop penetration test WESTBANK 落穿试验drop pile hammer WESTBANK 落锤drop pit WESTBANK 落轮坑drop point WESTBANK 下降点(温度)drop point slating WESTBANK 斜角盖片瓦drop ram compactor WESTBANK 落锤式夯实器drop siding WESTBANK 墙板，互搭，板壁drop slide window WESTBANK 吊窗drop spring bow instrument WESTBANK 小圆轨drop table WESTBANK 可折桌drop tee WESTBANK 过墙丁字头drop test WESTBANK 落沉试验drop wall WESTBANK 阶墙drop window WESTBANK 上下滑窗，隐扯窗drop wire WESTBANK 接户线dropped panel WESTBANK 柱头板dropping velocity WESTBANK 沉降速度drops WESTBANK 滴水dross WESTBANK 泥渣，铁渣drought damage WESTBANK 旱灾drought duration WESTBANK 干旱延时drought frequency WESTBANK 干旱频率drove WESTBANK 阔凿drove chisel WESTBANK 涧凿drove finish of stone WESTBANK 短槽石面droved dressing WESTBANK 短槽敷面drowned dam WESTBANK 潜坝drowned lime WESTBANK 熟石灰drowned pipe WESTBANK 沉浸管drowned pump WESTBANK 沉浸泵drowned valley WESTBANK 沉溺谷drowning ratio WESTBANK 淹比drum WESTBANK 鼓形柱座，卷筒，测鼓drum buoy WESTBANK 鼓形浮漂drum counterweight rope WESTBANK 鼓筒平冲重索drum gate WESTBANK 鼓形闸门，圆闸门drum reading WESTBANK 测鼓读数drum screen WESTBANK 鼓饰drum trap WESTBANK 圆柱形存水弯drum type concrete mixer WESTBANK 鼓形混凝土混合机drum washer WESTBANK 鼓型清洗机drum wicket WESTBANK 鼓形闸dry air WESTBANK 干空气dry and wet bulb hygrometer WESTBANK 干湿球湿度计dry area WESTBANK 采光井dry ballast WESTBANK 干压舱dry battery WESTBANK 干电池dry beach WESTBANK 干海滩dry bond macadam WESTBANK 干结碎石路dry boring WESTBANK 干式钻孔dry bulb temperature WESTBANK 干球温度dry bulb thermometer WESTBANK 干球温度计dry bulk specific gravity WESTBANK 干松比重dry cell WESTBANK 干电池dry clooet WESTBANK 土厕dry closet WESTBANK 干厕所，干燥室dry closet with heated air circulation WESTBANK 热气干燥室dry concrete WESTBANK 干混凝土dry consistency WESTBANK 干稠度dry construction method WESTBANK 干式建造法dry hrick building WESTBANK 无砂浆砌砖frequency of vibration WESTBANK 振动频率frequency response spectrum WESTBANK 频率及应谱frequency spectrum WESTBANK 频率谱fresco WESTBANK 湿粉刷法，壁卖fresh air duct WESTBANK 净汽管道fresh air fan WESTBANK 净气风扇fresh air flue WESTBANK 净气通道fresh air inlet WESTBANK 净气进口，净气入口fresh air supply WESTBANK 净气供应fresh concrete WESTBANK 新浇混凝土，末凝混凝土fresh paint WESTBANK 新油漆fresh sewage WESTBANK 新污水fresh sludge WESTBANK 新污泥fresh water WESTBANK 淡水fresh wator tank WESTBANK 淡水箱，淡水池fret saw WESTBANK 回纹线锯，钢丝锯fretwork WESTBANK 凸花细工，浮形细工friableness WESTBANK 粉碎性friction WESTBANK 摩擦，摩擦力friction angle WESTBANK 摩擦角friction bail WESTBANK 钢珠friction band WESTBANK 闸带friction brake WESTBANK 摩阻制动器friction catch WESTBANK 弹簧门钦friction circle WESTBANK 摩擦圆friction circle analysis WESTBANK 摩擦圆分析法friction circle method WESTBANK 摩擦圆法friction clutch WESTBANK 摩擦契合子，摩阻传动器friction coefficient WESTBANK 摩擦系数friction curvature WESTBANK 曲率摩擦friction cut WESTBANK 摩擦切陷( 轨枕)friction disk WESTBANK 摩擦圆盘friction drum WESTBANK 摩擦鼓，摩擦筒friction factor WESTBANK 摩擦因子friction gear WESTBANK 面阻传动friction head WESTBANK 摩擦水头friction index WESTBANK 摩擦指数friction lag WESTBANK 摩擦迟滞friction less hinge WESTBANK 无阻铰链friction loss WESTBANK 摩擦损失，摩擦损耗friction of joint WESTBANK 节点摩擦friction pile WESTBANK 摩擦桩friction setup WESTBANK 摩擦形式friction slope WESTBANK 摩擦比降friction velocity WESTBANK 摩擦速度，剪应力速度frictional angle WESTBANK 摩擦角frictional drag WESTBANK 摩擦牵力frictional force WESTBANK 摩擦力frictional resistance WESTBANK 摩擦阻力frictional soil WESTBANK 非粘性土frictional strength WESTBANK 摩阻强度frictionless flow WESTBANK 无滞性流frictionless orifice WESTBANK 无摩擦了帕frieze WESTBANK 壁缘friuge water WESTBANK 边缘水frog WESTBANK 岔心frog angle WESTBANK *心角frog brick WESTBANK 槽砖frog guard WESTBANK 岔心护轨frog number WESTBANK 辙岔号数frog of brick WESTBANK 砖凹frog rammer WESTBANK 蛙式夯土机frogless turnout WESTBANK 无岔心道岔front WESTBANK 正面frontage WESTBANK 临岸线，临街面frontage road WESTBANK 临港道路frontage roadway WESTBANK 侧道，临街道路frontage street WESTBANK 面街frontal precipitation WESTBANK 锋面降水frontal surface WESTBANK 锋面load intensity WESTBANK 载重强度load limit WESTBANK 载重限制load line mark WESTBANK 载重线load plate test WESTBANK 平板载荷试验load record WESTBANK 载重记录load term WESTBANK 载重项load test WESTBANK 载重试验load test on pile WESTBANK 桩载试验load time deflection curve WESTBANK 载重时间挠曲线load to collapse WESTBANK 载重崩溃load transfer WESTBANK 载重转移load transfer device WESTBANK 载重转移用具load uniformly distributed over span WESTBANK 跨度均布载重loading zone WESTBANK 载重区域loam WESTBANK 壤土，砂质黏土loam brick WESTBANK 泥砖loam casting WESTBANK 泥工作loamy loess WESTBANK 炉坍黄土loamy soil WESTBANK 炉拇土lobby WESTBANK 大厅，穿堂，前厅lobed dome WESTBANK 扁圆顶local acceleration WESTBANK 时变加速度local adjustment WESTBANK 局部调整local apparent time WESTBANK 地方视时local attraction WESTBANK 局部引力local buckling WESTBANK 局部侧溃，局部屈曲local center WESTBANK 地方中心local civil time WESTBANK 地方民用时local commercial center WESTBANK 地力商业中心local condition WESTBANK 地位条件、地力情况local deflection WESTBANK 地方偏差，肩部挠度local disturbance WESTBANK 地方滋扰local elongation WESTBANK 局部仲长local failure WESTBANK 局部性破坏local inflow WESTBANK 局部进水量local instability WESTBANK 局部不稳定local magnetic deviation WESTBANK 当地磁针偏差local material WESTBANK 地方材料local mean time WESTBANK 地方平时local shear failure WESTBANK 局部剪坏local sidereal time WESTBANK 地方桓星时local street WESTBANK 小街，地方街道local stress WESTBANK 局部应力local time WESTBANK 地方时local traffic WESTBANK 当地车辆交通，地方交通local train WESTBANK 区间车local vent WESTBANK 局部通气管localized stress WESTBANK 局部应力locater WESTBANK 定位器locating detail WESTBANK 细部定测locating engineer WESTBANK 定线工程师location WESTBANK 定线，位置location requirement WESTBANK 区位要求location survey WESTBANK 定线测量，定测location theory WESTBANK 区位理论lock WESTBANK 船闸，锁，闸，闸门，制轮吃lock bar WESTBANK 锁杆lock bar pipe WESTBANK 凸缘管lock chamber WESTBANK 闸厢，闸室lock entrance WESTBANK 船闸入口，船闸进口lockage WESTBANK 过闸，过闸费lockage time WESTBANK 过闸时间lockage water WESTBANK 过闸为水量，闸水locked coil rope WESTBANK 光面钢索locked harbor WESTBANK 有闸港，闭口港low flow WESTBANK 低水流量low flow observation WESTBANK 低水流量观测low head WESTBANK 低水头low heat cement WESTBANK 低热水泥low heat Portland cement WESTBANK 低热水泥low income housing WESTBANK 平民住宅，低收入住宅建设low joints adjuster WESTBANK 接缝钣调整器low latitude WESTBANK 低纬度low level WESTBANK 低水面low level alarm WESTBANK 低水位警告器low lift pump WESTBANK 低扬抽水机，低扬水泵low limed cement WESTBANK 低石灰水泥low oblique convergent photograph WESTBANK 垂倾摄影low oblique photograph WESTBANK 浅倾摄影low permeability WESTBANK 低透水性low pitched roof WESTBANK 缓斜屋顶low platform trailer WESTBANK 低台拖车low pressure WESTBANK 低压low pressure hot water heating WESTBANK 低压热水供暖low pressure pipe WESTBANK 低压管low pressure pneumatic tyre WESTBANK 低压轮胎low pressure pump WESTBANK 压蒸汽供暖low pressure steam heating WESTBANK 低压泵low pressure water system WESTBANK 低压供水系统low rate trickling WESTBANK 低率滴滤池low rent house WESTBANK 低租金房屋low rent housing WESTBANK 低租住宅，低low rise roof WESTBANK 低波屋顶low speed engine WESTBANK 低速发动机lower fiber stress WESTBANK 底端纤维应力lower floor WESTBANK 下层楼lower gate WESTBANK 下游船闸门lower groin WESTBANK 低丁坝lower head WESTBANK 下闸厢lower high water (LHW) WESTBANK 较低高水lower lateral WESTBANK 低部侧撑lower level system WESTBANK 低层系统lower limb WESTBANK 下边lower limit of ultimate strength WESTBANK 低限强度极点lower low water (LLW) WESTBANK 较低低水lower motion WESTBANK 下部转动lower plate WESTBANK 下盘lower pool WESTBANK 下潭，下塘lower quadrant signal WESTBANK 下象限号志lower reach WESTBANK 下游河段lower subbase WESTBANK 下基层lower tangent screw WESTBANK 下微动螺旋lower transit WESTBANK 下中天lower yield point WESTBANK 下屈伏点lowering of ground water level WESTBANK 地下水位降落lowest discharge WESTBANK 最小流量lowest ever known discharge WESTBANK 已知最小流量lowest low water (LLW) WESTBANK 最低水lowest low water level WESTBANK 最低低水位lowest water level WESTBANK 最低水位movable index WESTBANK 活动指标movable load WESTBANK 移动载重movable mounting WESTBANK 活动装置movable point crossing WESTBANK 移动车*道movable rail WESTBANK 移动轨条movable screen WESTBANK 活动筛movable sleeve WESTBANK 活动套筒movable span WESTBANK 活动孔movable support WESTBANK 可动支承movable weir WESTBANK 活动堰moving axis WESTBANK 动轴moving blade turbine WESTBANK 转叶水涡轮moving fetch WESTBANK 移动风域moving form WESTBANK 活动模壳moving load WESTBANK 移动载重，活载重moving platform WESTBANK 活动搬运台moving staircase WESTBANK 活动楼梯moving stairway WESTBANK 活动楼梯moving target WESTBANK 活动规标moving vane WESTBANK 动叶mow WESTBANK 堆草房mower WESTBANK 割草机mowing machine WESTBANK 割草机moyle WESTBANK 鹤嘴锄，十字镉muck WESTBANK 腐泥土，腐植上muck bank WESTBANK 碴堆muck car WESTBANK 出碴muck ditch WESTBANK 基构muck ditch of levee WESTBANK 堤基构muck loader WESTBANK 装碴muck soil WESTBANK 腐泥土mucker WESTBANK 土方工mucker slusher WESTBANK 把土机mucking car WESTBANK 出碴台车mucking machine WESTBANK 挖泥机mucking method WESTBANK 挖土运装法mud WESTBANK 烂泥，淤泥mud ball WESTBANK 泥球mud bearer WESTBANK 承泥钣mud conveying equipment WESTBANK 输泥设备mud dock WESTBANK 泥坞mud flow WESTBANK 泥流mud mortar WESTBANK 泥灰浆mud pipe WESTBANK 输泥管mud pressure WESTBANK 泥压力mud pump WESTBANK 泥浆泵mud pumping action WESTBANK 喷泥作用mud sill WESTBANK 泥槛，门坎mud spring WESTBANK 泥泉mud stone WESTBANK 泥岩，间隔土mud valve WESTBANK 排泥阀mud wall WESTBANK 土墙muddy ground WESTBANK 淤泥地muff WESTBANK 保温套muffle furnace WESTBANK 熔炉muffled glass WESTBANK 遮光玻璃mulch WESTBANK 覆盖物mulch method WESTBANK 护树根法mulching WESTBANK 覆盖mullion WESTBANK 中框，直儒multi arch dam WESTBANK 连拱坝multi bridge intersection WESTBANK 多层式交* multi bucket excavator WESTBANK 复斗式挖泥机multi centered arch WESTBANK 复心拱multi deck bridge WESTBANK 多层桥multi directional composite WESTBANK 多向合成物multi element beam WESTBANK 多元梁multi family dwelling WESTBANK 合院住multiblade fan WESTBANK 多叶风扇multibore tunnel WESTBANK 多孔隧道multibraced cofferdam WESTBANK 复撑围堰open stair well WESTBANK 露明楼井open steel flooring WESTBANK 露馆梁楼板open storage track WESTBANK 堆货场轨道open string WESTBANK 露梯基open string stairs WESTBANK 露基棋悌open system WESTBANK 露明管系open tank treatment WESTBANK 无压浸油护木法open tendering WESTBANK 竞标open terrace WESTBANK 露天台地open territory WESTBANK 空矿地open timber house WESTBANK 露木房屋open timber roof WESTBANK 露梁平顶open track WESTBANK 直通线open trench WESTBANK 明沟open trough urinal WESTBANK 露天尿槽open truss steel joist WESTBANK 铁桁楼板搁肝open type manometer WESTBANK 开式测压计open type square WESTBANK 敞式广场open type truss WESTBANK 露式桁架open type wharf WESTBANK 栈桥式码头open valley WESTBANK 屋顶天沟open wagon WESTBANK 敞车open web girder WESTBANK 空腹梁open web joist WESTBANK 空腹搁栅open weir WESTBANK 敞堰open well WESTBANK 开口井open window unit WESTBANK 敞窗单位open wire WESTBANK 明线open wiring WESTBANK 明线open work WESTBANK 磁珠夹板装置法，港外工事open worked balustrade WESTBANK 格子栏杆openwork iron gate WESTBANK 花铁门opera house WESTBANK 歌剧院operati on WESTBANK 实施operating cost WESTBANK 工作费，营业费，经营费用operating expense WESTBANK 直接费用operating gallery WESTBANK 管理廊operating kilometre WESTBANK 营运里程operating mileage WESTBANK 营业里程operating speed WESTBANK 运行速度operating table WESTBANK 操纵台operation rule WESTBANK 操作规则operational amplifier WESTBANK 运行增幅器operational delay WESTBANK 运行延误operational speed WESTBANK 运转速率operative room WESTBANK 手术室operator WESTBANK 驾驶人ophiuchus WESTBANK 蛇夫座opportunity cost WESTBANK 机会成本opposite angle WESTBANK 对角opposite direction WESTBANK 对向，相向opposite forces WESTBANK 对向力opposite joint WESTBANK 对缝optical angle WESTBANK 光角optical axis WESTBANK 光轴optical center WESTBANK 光心optical centering device WESTBANK 光学求心器optical collimator WESTBANK 光垂准仪optical distance measurement WESTBANK 光学距离测量optical measurement of distance WESTBANK 光学测距法optical mechanical projection WESTBANK 光学机械投影optical method WESTBANK 光学法optical model WESTBANK 光模像optical plummet WESTBANK 光垂器optical projection WESTBANK 光学投影optical pyrometer WESTBANK 光度高温计optical range WESTBANK 光射距optical signal WESTBANK 灯光号志optical square WESTBANK 直角仪，直角(转光) pit dwelling WESTBANK 窖屋pit excavation WESTBANK 坑开挖pit gravel WESTBANK 坑卵石，坑砾石pit privy WESTBANK 坑厕pit run sand WESTBANK 坑砂pit sand WESTBANK 坑砂pit saw WESTBANK 大锯中承旋开桥pitch face WESTBANK 斜凿面pitch fibre pipe WESTBANK 沥青纤维管pitch gage WESTBANK 螺距规pitch line WESTBANK 齿距线pitch macadam WESTBANK 柏油处理路面pitch of arch WESTBANK 拱之高跨比pitch of corrugations WESTBANK 波状高跨pitch of pipe WESTBANK 管坡度pitch of rivets WESTBANK 铆钉距pitch of roof WESTBANK 屋顶坡度pitch of screw WESTBANK 螺纹距pitch of sound WESTBANK 音节pitch of stairs WESTBANK 楼梯坡度pitch of teeth WESTBANK 齿距pitch of thread WESTBANK 螺纹距pitch of tone WESTBANK 音节pitch of weld WESTBANK 焊线距pitch pine WESTBANK 脂松pitch pocket WESTBANK 脂囊pitched paper WESTBANK 柏油纸pitched roof WESTBANK 斜屋顶pitched roof portal WESTBANK 高屋顶入口pitched work WESTBANK 块石铺面pitching WESTBANK 砌石，铺石，护坡pitching chisel WESTBANK 扁凿pitching ferrule WESTBANK 桩用穿索管pitching piece WESTBANK 出梁pith WESTBANK 髓心，木髓pitman WESTBANK 结合杆pitman arm WESTBANK 摇臂pitometer WESTBANK 皮托计pitot tube WESTBANK 皮托管pitting corrosion WESTBANK 痕蚀pivot WESTBANK 轴，枢轴，支枢pivot bearing WESTBANK 轴支承pivot bearing swing bridge WESTBANK 旋门pivot bolt WESTBANK 尖轴栓pivot friction WESTBANK 枢轴摩擦pivot gate WESTBANK 支点pivot hinge WESTBANK 枢轴摩擦pivot journal WESTBANK 中心支承pivot light WESTBANK 尖轴梗pivot pier WESTBANK 旋桥桥墩pivot pin WESTBANK 中心承枢pivot point WESTBANK 支点pivot point layout WESTBANK 支点布置pivot point line WESTBANK 支点线pivoted end column WESTBANK 铰支柱pivoted window WESTBANK 摇葱pivoting bearing WESTBANK 尖轴绞链place WESTBANK 广场place brick WESTBANK 半烧砖place identification sign WESTBANK 地名指示标志placing concrete WESTBANK 浇混凝土placing in water concrete WESTBANK 水中浇混凝土placing plant WESTBANK 浇混凝土设备plafond WESTBANK 天花板,顶棚plagioclase WESTBANK 斜长石plain arch WESTBANK 垮拱plain arch timbering WESTBANK 圬拱式支撑plain bar WESTBANK 光面钢筋plain bar of reinforcement WESTBANK 光面钢筋plain batton door WESTBANK 平板门plain carbon steel WESTBANK 单纯碳钢plain cement WESTBANK 清水泥plain concrete WESTBANK 纯混凝土refloat WESTBANK 浮台，打捞reflux WESTBANK 退潮，逆流reflux valve WESTBANK 防逆阀reforestation WESTBANK 面造林refracting telescope WESTBANK 折光望远镜refraction WESTBANK 折射，折光refraction coefficient WESTBANK 折光系数refraction coefficient of wave WESTBANK 波浪曲折系数refraction correction WESTBANK 折光改正refraction diaghram of wave WESTBANK 波浪曲折图refraction diagram WESTBANK 折财图refraction error WESTBANK 折射误差refraction factor WESTBANK 折射系数refraction method WESTBANK 屈折法refraction of wave WESTBANK 波浪曲折refractor WESTBANK 折射镜，耐火refractories WESTBANK 耐火料refractory brick WESTBANK 耐火砖refractory cement WESTBANK 耐火水泥refractory clay WESTBANK 耐火黏土refractory concrete WESTBANK 耐火混凝土refractory lining WESTBANK 耐火衬砌refractory material WESTBANK 耐火材料refractory mortar WESTBANK 耐火灰浆refreshment room WESTBANK 餐室refrigerant WESTBANK 冷剂refrigerated cargo WESTBANK 冷冻货物refrigerated vessel WESTBANK 冷藏船refrigerated warehouse WESTBANK 冷藏仓库refrigerating capacity WESTBANK 制冷量refrigerating machine WESTBANK 制冷机refrigerating output WESTBANK 制冷量refrigerating plant WESTBANK 制水厂refrigeration WESTBANK 冷冻，冷藏，制冰设备机refrigeration machinery WESTBANK 冷冻机refrigeration plant WESTBANK 冷冻厂refrigerator WESTBANK 冷藏库refrigerator car WESTBANK 冷藏车refrigerator foundation WESTBANK 冷冻机基础refringe rating engineering WESTBANK 制冷工程refueling stand WESTBANK 加油台refueling trailer WESTBANK 运油拖车refueling truck WESTBANK 运油车refuge harbor WESTBANK 避风港refuge island WESTBANK 安全岛refuge manhole WESTBANK 庇护人孔，避车洞refuge platform WESTBANK 避车台refuge shelter WESTBANK 避难所refuge track WESTBANK 避车线refusal WESTBANK 拒进refuse WESTBANK 垃圾refuse burner WESTBANK 垃圾燃烧器refuse collection WESTBANK 垃圾收集refuse collection vehicle WESTBANK 垃圾车refuse composting field WESTBANK 垃圾堆肥场refuse container WESTBANK 垃圾桶refuse destructor plant WESTBANK 垃圾焚化场refuse disposal WESTBANK 垃圾处理refuse incineration WESTBANK 垃圾焚化refuse receptacle WESTBANK 废物堆积所refuse truck WESTBANK 垃圾卡车refuse wagon WESTBANK 垃圾车regelation WESTBANK 再结冰regenerated water WESTBANK 再生原水regeneration WESTBANK 再生regeneration curve WESTBANK 复涨曲线ridge covering WESTBANK 脊盖ridge crest WESTBANK 脊饰ridge fillet WESTBANK 脊槽ridge line WESTBANK 脊线ridge piece WESTBANK 脊枋，脊垫板，栋木ridge pole WESTBANK 脊柱ridge purlin WESTBANK 脊凛ridge rib WESTBANK 脊肋，系脊梁ridge roll WESTBANK 脊盖，龙门板ridge roof WESTBANK 人字屋顶ridge route WESTBANK 山脊路袜ridge slate WESTBANK 盖脊石板ridge tile WESTBANK 脊瓦ridging WESTBANK 屋脊材料riding habit WESTBANK 乘车习惯riding track WESTBANK 马道riffle sampler WESTBANK 分割采样器riffle splitter WESTBANK 分土器riffler WESTBANK 凹铅rifled sheet iron WESTBANK 绉纹铁rift WESTBANK 裂口rift cut WESTBANK 径切，破开rig WESTBANK 打井机rigger WESTBANK 装配匠，束带滑车索具装配工rigging WESTBANK 索具装配right angle WESTBANK 直角right angle offset WESTBANK 直角支距right angle system WESTBANK 直交方式right angled triangle WESTBANK 直角三角right ascension WESTBANK 赤经right bridge WESTBANK 正交桥right hand door WESTBANK 右转门right hand lay WESTBANK 右旋钢索right hand lock WESTBANK 右转门锁right hand opening WESTBANK 右手开关right hand stairway WESTBANK 右扶手楼梯right hand thread WESTBANK 右转螺纹right hand turn WESTBANK 右转right handed thread WESTBANK 右转螺纹right lane WESTBANK 右侧车道right lay WESTBANK 正绞right of way WESTBANK 路线用地，路权right of way fence WESTBANK 地界栅right sphere WESTBANK 垂直球right turn WESTBANK 右转right turn lane WESTBANK 右转车道righting moment WESTBANK 扶直力矩，扶正力矩right-left staggered junction WESTBANK 左右错列交* rigid WESTBANK 钢rigid and furrow tank WESTBANK 哇池rigid arch WESTBANK 刚拱rigid armouring WESTBANK 刚性钢筋rigid body WESTBANK 刚体rigid connection WESTBANK 刚接rigid cradle WESTBANK 刚式船台rigid foundation WESTBANK 钢性基础rigid frame WESTBANK 刚构架，刚构rigid frame bridge WESTBANK 刚构桥rigid frame foundation WESTBANK 刚构基础rigid framed pier WESTBANK 刚构桥墩rigid framed structure WESTBANK 刚架结构rigid framework WESTBANK 刚构架rigid frog WESTBANK 固定全心rigid joint WESTBANK 刚性接头rigid jointed frame WESTBANK 刚架rigid member WESTBANK 刚构材rigid pavement WESTBANK 钢性路面rigid plastic WESTBANK 刚塑性rigid reinforcement WESTBANK 刚性钢筋rigid road base WESTBANK 刚性路基rigid structure WESTBANK 刚结构rigid truss WESTBANK 刚椅架rigidity WESTBANK 刚度，刚性rigidity structure WESTBANK 刚性结构tail block WESTBANK 滑轮活轴tail channel WESTBANK 尾渠tail cut WESTBANK 橡尾桦槽tail development WESTBANK 尾开发tail dumper WESTBANK 后卸车tail gate WESTBANK 尾门，下闸门tail joist WESTBANK 尾梁tail piece WESTBANK 尾梁tail pipe WESTBANK 泵级管tail race WESTBANK 尾水道tail rope WESTBANK 尾索tail stook WESTBANK 滑轮活轴tail trimmer WESTBANK 短横梁tail wall WESTBANK 丁堤基凸部tail water WESTBANK 尾水tail water channel WESTBANK 尾水渠tailing WESTBANK 墙面突端tailings WESTBANK 尾材，筛余物tails WESTBANK 屑，瓦当tailwater elevation WESTBANK 尾水位take level WESTBANK 抄平take off distance WESTBANK 起飞，距离take off pipe WESTBANK 放水管take sight WESTBANK 抄平take the altitude WESTBANK 定高度take up WESTBANK 松紧装置talc WESTBANK 滑石talcum WESTBANK 滑石tall oil WESTBANK 树液漆tallboy WESTBANK 高脚柜tallow WESTBANK 脂肪talus WESTBANK 岩锥talus deposit WESTBANK 岩锥堆积土tamarack WESTBANK 落叶松tamp WESTBANK 夯坚tamped backfill WESTBANK 夯坚同土tamped concrete WESTBANK 捣实混凝土tamping bag WESTBANK 塞孔袋tamping bar WESTBANK 夯道棍tamping iron WESTBANK 捣板tamping pick WESTBANK 夯道钨tamping rod WESTBANK 夯杆，捣棒，夯锤tamping roller WESTBANK 震动辗动辗辑tan WESTBANK 黄褐色tandem axel load WESTBANK 前后轴载重tandem axle WESTBANK 串轴tandem drive WESTBANK 前后传动tandem dual wheel load WESTBANK 前后双轮载重tandem mixer WESTBANK 联列搅拌机tandem roller WESTBANK 双轮压路机tangent WESTBANK 切线，直线tangent cone projection WESTBANK 切圆锥投影tangent cylinder projection WESTBANK 切圆柱投影tangent deflection WESTBANK 切线偏距tangent distance WESTBANK 切线长，切线距离tangent length WESTBANK 切线长度tangent line WESTBANK 切线tangent method WESTBANK 正切法tangent modulus WESTBANK 切线模数tangent offset WESTBANK 切线支距tangent offset method WESTBANK 切线支距法tangential acceleration WESTBANK 切线加速率tangential deviation WESTBANK 切线偏差tangential force WESTBANK 切线力tangential reaction WESTBANK 切线反力tangential stress WESTBANK 切线应力tangential velocity WESTBANK 切线速度tangential wheel WESTBANK 冲击水轮tenon WESTBANK 接准，雄桦tenon and mortise WESTBANK 雌雄准tenon chisel WESTBANK 准头凿tenon joint WESTBANK 准接tenon jointing WESTBANK 准接tenon making machine WESTBANK 制准机tenon saw WESTBANK 手锯tenonber splice WESTBANK 棍板接法tenoning machine WESTBANK 制准机tensile force WESTBANK 拉力tensile load WESTBANK 抗拉载重tensile reinforcement WESTBANK 拉力钢筋，抗拉钢筋tensile strain WESTBANK 拉应变tensile strength WESTBANK 抗拉强度tensile strength of wood perpendicular to grain WESTBANK 木材横理抗拉强度tensile stress WESTBANK 抗拉应力，拉应力tensile test WESTBANK 拉力试验tensile test curve WESTBANK 抗拉试验曲线tensile test diagram WESTBANK 拉力试验图tensile testing machine WESTBANK 拉力试验机tensile yield point WESTBANK 拉力屈服点tensiometer WESTBANK 拉力计tension WESTBANK 拉力、张力tension apparatus WESTBANK 基线尺支架tension area WESTBANK 抗拉面积tension bar WESTBANK 拉杆，抗拉钢筋tension carriage WESTBANK 拉力台架tension chord WESTBANK 拉弦杆tension correction WESTBANK 拉力改正tension diagonal WESTBANK 拉斜撑tension fiber WESTBANK 受拉纤维tension fillet WESTBANK 拉缘条tension flange WESTBANK 抗拉凸缘tension fracture WESTBANK 拉裂tension intensity WESTBANK 拉力强度tension joint WESTBANK 受拉接合，拉力节理tension machine WESTBANK 拉力机tension member WESTBANK 抗拉构材，受拉杆件tension pile WESTBANK 拉力桩tension pulley WESTBANK 受拉滑轮tension reinforcement WESTBANK 抗拉钢筋tension rod WESTBANK 拉杆tensioned wire WESTBANK 拉铁丝tensioning bar WESTBANK 拉杆tensioning procedure WESTBANK 施拉程序tent guy WESTBANK 帐蓬索tent roof WESTBANK 帐蓬屋顶tentative standard WESTBANK 暂行标准tepidarium WESTBANK 温浴室terebinth WESTBANK 松脂木teredo WESTBANK 蛀船虫，海水虫，船虫teredo navalis shipworm WESTBANK 蛀船虫term WESTBANK 术语，条款terminal WESTBANK 端，终站，终点terminal apron WESTBANK 车站广场停机坪tersion brace WESTBANK 拉撑teuoner WESTBANK 制准矶thin plank WESTBANK 薄板thin section WESTBANK 切片thin shear web WESTBANK 抗剪薄腹钣thin sheet metal WESTBANK 薄五金thin shell WESTBANK 薄壳thin shell barrel roof WESTBANK 筒形薄壳屋顶thin shell construction WESTBANK 薄壳构造thin shell roof WESTBANK 薄壳屋顶thin shell surface WESTBANK 薄壳面thin slab WESTBANK 薄板thin slab structutre WESTBANK 薄板结构thin spread WESTBANK 薄层分布thin walled sampler WESTBANK 薄管采样器thin walled tube WESTBANK 薄壁管thin webbed girder WESTBANK 薄腹梁thinner of paint WESTBANK 油漆稀释剂thinning agent WESTBANK 稀释剂third angle system WESTBANK 第三角法third lane WESTBANK 第三车道third order WESTBANK 三等third order plotting instrument WESTBANK 三级图化仪third order triangulation WESTBANK 三等三角测量third order triangulation station WESTBANK 三等三角点third rail WESTBANK 第三轨条thistle board WESTBANK 石膏板thixotropic fluid WESTBANK 剪力随灭性流体thixotropic paint WESTBANK 胶滞漆thixotropy WESTBANK 复硬性，复原性thole WESTBANK 圆屋顶，圆屋tholobate WESTBANK 圆屋顶座tholos WESTBANK 圆屋thomas steel WESTBANK 碱性转炉钢thorough lot WESTBANK 贯通基地thorough traffic WESTBANK 贯穿交通thoroughfare WESTBANK 大道、干道thoroughlighted room WESTBANK 对窗室thraot velocity WESTBANK 管喉流速thread WESTBANK 螺线，螺纹thread escutcheon WESTBANK 键孔盖thread test WESTBANK 线条试验threaded bolt WESTBANK 螺纹栓threaded pipe WESTBANK 螺纹管three armed protractor WESTBANK 三臂分度规three axle roller WESTBANK 三轴压路机three bay frame WESTBANK 三间架three berth slipway WESTBANK 三船席滑道three centered arch WESTBANK 三心拱three centered arch dam WESTBANK 三心拱坝three chord bridge WESTBANK 三弦桁架桥three coat work WESTBANK 三道墁灰工作three dimensional consolidation WESTBANK 三向压密。
雅思阅读分类词汇
雅思阅读分类词汇1.自然与环境问题conservation 保护，保存environmentalist = conservationist acid 酸；酸的alkali 碱；carbon 碳（C）vs. charcoal （炭）carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide fume exhaust fumes vs.smoke, fog, smogpetroleum 石油petrol (BE) = gasoline/gas (AE)ozone 臭氧(o + zone)ozone layerooze 渗出渗出物radiation 辐射ultraviolet (UV) radiation~ radioactive greenhouse温室greenhouse effect/gasessolar 太阳的phenomenon 现象catastrophe = disaster, cataclysm deterioration 恶化extinction 灭绝species (endangered species) drought 干旱recurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rent vs. concurrentinundate 淹没embankment 筑堤(em + bank + ment)sediment 沉积（物）= deposit delta 三角洲the Pearl River Delta alluvial 冲积的desertification沙漠化desert vs. 沙漠dust-storm 沙尘暴barren 贫瘠的，不育的，无效的attributable 归因attributable to… deforestation 滥砍滥伐（森林）log 原木，日志伐木vs. logo vegetation 植物，植被vs.vegetable, vegetarianhabitat 栖息地ecosystem 生态系统viabilitydemographic 人口统计的interdependence counterbalance 使平衡，弥补mechanism 机理，机制precipitation 陡降，降水circulation 流通，循环typhoon,tornado,hurricane volcano 火山Celsius 摄氏的Fahrenheit 华氏的latitude 纬度longitude, altitude zone, frigid zonedump 倾倒，倾销reclaim 开垦，改造à reclamation contentious 有争议的opt 选择nprioritize 优先考虑meteorology 气象（学）volcano 火山eruption 喷发volcanic eruption granite 花岗岩imminent = impending 即将来临的vs eminent杰出的Celsius 摄氏的Fahrenheit 华氏的latitude 纬度longitude, altitude tropical (the) tropics tropical/torrid zone热带的Temperate 温带的glacier 冰川contaminate 弄脏recycle 回收再利用irreversible 不可逆的(= irrevocable)2.生物molecule 分子amino acids （氨基酸）protein 蛋白质enzyme 酶(proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions)catalyst 催化剂chlorophyll 叶绿素“chloro-”: photosynthesis 光合作用(photo + synthesis)photosynthetic botany 植物学botanist, botanical flora 植物群fauna 动物群bacterium bacteria (pl.) 细菌fungus fungi (pl.) 真菌algae alga (pl.) 海藻herbcarnation 康乃馨fade 凋谢，褪色organism 机体，组织arthropod 节肢动物vs. anthropoid 类人猿reptile 爬行动物amphibian 两栖动物mammal 哺乳动物primate 灵长目动物evolution 进化anthropology人类学家philanthropy 慈善事业ape猿gorilla 大猩猩Chimpanzee 黑猩猩gene 基因DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) genetics 遗传学geneticalhelix 螺旋，螺旋壮analyze every single gene within the double helix of humanity’s DNAidentical 同一的mutation 突变mutable, immutable, mutantpredator 捕食者embryo 胚胎roe 鱼子caviar 鱼子酱tadpole 蝌蚪frog, toad caterpillar 毛毛虫(cater + pillar) grasshopper 蚱蜢，蝗虫(= locust)cricket 蟋蟀；板球butterfly vs. mothpollen 花粉传粉pollination hive 蜂房larva larvae (pl.) 幼虫vs. lava pupa 蛹penguin 企鹅vs. dolphin (海豚) raccoon 浣熊vs. kangaroo (袋鼠) hibernate 冬眠(=hole up)torpid 麻木的，蛰伏的vs. torpedo (鱼雷)cerebral （大）脑的hemisphere 半球(hemi + sphere) cortex 脑皮层migraine 偏头疼somatic 躯体的limb 四肢upper/lower limb anatomy 解剖，剖析paralyze 使瘫痪(=incapacitate, immobilize)artery 动脉vein 静脉gland 腺体pancreas 胰hormone 荷尔蒙，激素cholesterol 胆固醇efficacy 功效vs. efficiency, effectiveness3.人类研究之心理theorem 原理，定理v.s. theory methodology 方法论physiology 生理学psychiatry 精神病学correlation 相互关系sensation 感觉，知觉；sensational perception 感知，认知intuition 直觉；intuitiveESP 第六感Extrasensory Perceptionmotivate 激励motivation incentive 激励因素ESP 第六感Extrasensory Perceptionmotivate 激励incentive 激励因素stimulus 刺激disorder 紊乱，失调dysfunction 机能障碍dissonance 不和谐，不一致trauma 创伤anxiety 焦虑= anxiousness depression 沮丧insomnia 失眠phobia 恐惧(症) à suffix: -phobia acrophobia 恐高症xenophobia 仇外者，惧外者claustrophobia 幽闭恐怖症allergy 过敏(症)，反感He is allergic to card playing. propensity 倾向*Most boys have a propensity of playing with machinery.= tendency, inclination paranoid 偏执的paranoia 偏执狂workaholic 工作狂(alcoholic) symptom 症状diagnosis 诊断(n.) electroencephalogram 脑电图electrocardiogram (心电图) assertive 武断的therapy 治疗法hypnotism 催眠术(~ hypnotize) prescribe 开药方vs.subscribe, describe,antidepressant 抗抑郁药tranquilizer 镇静药side-effect (+s) 副作用immune 免疫的，免除的rehabilitation 复原，康复relapse 旧病复发，故态复萌vs. elapse 流逝（子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜！）chronic 慢性的adulthood 成人期puberty 青春发动期adolescence 青春期(the time of life between puberty and adulthood)emotional 情绪的affective 情感的sane 神智健全的insane superstition 迷信telepathy 传心术，通灵术apathy 无感情，无兴趣，冷漠(= indifference)pathology 病理学，病理，病变delusion 迷惑，欺瞒vs. illusion disorientation 迷失(dis + orientation)~ disorientedpervert 使反常/变态反常/变态者introspection 内省vs. retrospection 回顾，反省sublimation 纯化，升华personality = personal characteristics multiple personality 多重人格innate 天赋的in + nate (nature)= inborn, congenitalattribute 属性trait 特征，品质national traits 国民性vs. traitor 叛逆者4.语言5.科技ubiquitous 普遍存在的= omnipresent omniscient, omnipotentversatile (人)多才多艺的，(物)通用的alchemy 炼金术transmute 变形，变质arduous 艰巨的=strenuous pitfall 陷阱，未预见之困难metallurgy 冶金alloy 合金aluminum 铝calcium 钙uranium铀radium镭copper 铜brass黄铜bronze青铜electrode 电极distill 蒸馏distilled water quartz 石英phosphorus 磷，磷光物质inflammable 易燃的combustion 燃烧spontaneous combustionceramic 陶瓷的瓷器insulate 隔离，绝缘insulator vs. conductorfiber 纤维(BE: fibre)fiber optics 纤维光学optics 光学retina 视网膜iris 虹膜opaque 不透明的v.s. transparent, translucentmicroprocessor 微处理器binary 二进制的buffer 缓冲区buffer storage browser 浏览器hypertext 超文本envisage 想象，看作momentous (极为)重要的v.s.momentary 短暂的reticular 网状的Ethernet 以太网domain 域domain names cyberlaw 网络法律“cyber-”patent 专利chronological 按时间顺序的robot 机器人artificial 人造的，做作的artificial satellitecone 圆锥体，锥形物Jupiter 木星Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturnexorbitant 过度的，过分的，过高的centripetal 向心(力)的centrifugal high-rise 高楼skyscraper cathedral 大教堂dome 圆顶infrastructure 基础设施superstructure 上层建筑sewage 污水，下水道hydraulic 水力的，水压的landfill 垃圾掩埋(地) ventilation 通风thermostat 温控器thermos热水器thermometer 温度计thermonuclear热核的prefabricate 预先制造polytechnic 各种工艺的理工学校Hong Kong Polytechnic geometric 几何(学)的geometry asymmetry 不对称symmetry concave 凹的convexbilateral 双边的，两方面的unilateralparadoxical “似非而是”的paradox 悖论empirical 经验的empirical law/formulaclockwise 顺时针的anticlockwise6.社会与历史homogeneous 同质的vs. homosexual, heterosexual mainstream 主流，主流的dialect 方言(vs. accent) discrepancy 差异misconception 误解(mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding barrier 障碍(物) = barricade discrimination 区别，歧视racial/sexual discrimination hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + yinsularity 岛国性质microcosm 小天地nostalgia = homesicknesspatriot 爱国者compatriot 同胞，同胞的com + patriotvernacular 本地的，本国的本地话，本国话*the vernacular languages of India immigration 移入~ immigrant, immigrate v.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)permeate 渗透，弥漫*Smoke permeated the house. entrepreneur 企业家entrepreneurshippractitioner 开业者，从业者celebrity 名人luminary, VIP proxy 代理人anecdote 轶事notoriety 恶名notorious counterpart 对应人，对等物peer 同等的人凝视，窥视subordinate 下级，下级的tactics 战术，技巧vs. strategy (战略，策略) marketing strategy v.s. selling tacticsnuance 细微差别benchmarking 类比分析punctual 准时的，守时的absenteeism 旷工flextime 弹性工作时间harass 骚扰harassment *Mary said that Gary had sexually harassed her.redundancy 冗余，冗员network redundancydownsize 裁员(~ lay off)ballot 投票(= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.) shortlist (BE) （供最后挑选或考虑的）候选人名单equilibrium 平衡，均衡questionnaire 调查表，问卷quantitative 定量的vs. qualitative contingency 偶然性，偶然事件incur 招致incur debts/hatred/danger vs. occur, concur, recurethical 伦理的，符合伦理的dubious 疑惑的，可疑的*People were dubious about the result.manifestation 显示，证明manifestsubtitle 字幕，副标题subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts) dubbing 配音录制vogue 时尚= chicbizarre 奇异的vs. weird (怪异的) mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家7.教育accommodation (膳宿)供应= room and boardlodging 寄宿(处)lease 出租v.s. renttenant 房客，佃户landlord 房东landlady 房东太太tenant 租客housemate，roommate, dorm mate, schoolmate, classmatedormitory 寝室dormau pair为换取房间、住处、及学习某家语言的机会而为该家做家务的年轻外国人reciprocal 相互的，互惠的hostel 宿舍，客栈youth hostel青年旅馆real estate 房地产vicinity = neighborhoodflat 平的，瘪的flat tire公寓= apartment vs. condo, studiobond = deposit linen 亚麻的亚麻织品，bed linen 床单utensil 器皿stationery 文具vs. stationary 固定的laundry 洗衣，洗衣店cafeteria 自助餐厅= canteen cater 满足(需要)aerobics 有氧健身操“aero”: air badminton 羽毛球(运动) baseball 棒球baseball bat squash 壁球(运动)amateur vs. professional gathering 聚会v.s. meeting, reunionexcursion 远足= outing, expeditioncommonwealth 共和国，联邦Commonwealth英联邦tertiary 第三的post-secondary中学后Postgraduate研究生postdoctoral博士后post-sale postwarilliterate 文盲不识字的literacy discipline 学科，纪律v.s. subject terminology 术语faculty （大学的）系、科，全部教员dean (大学)教务长curriculum 课程extracurricular 课外的syllabus 课程提纲calendar 日历，日程schedule, agenda, timetablecompulsory 强制的，必修的elective 选修的examiner vs. examineerecruit 招生，招募recruitment= enrollprestige 声望，威信prestigious esteem 尊敬n. & v.aptitude 智力SAT: School Aptitude Test matriculation 录取入学vocation 职业= calling, occupation, careerabbreviation 缩略(词) abridge 缩短，删节transferable (学分等)可转换的scholarship 奖学金= fellowship tutorial 辅导(课) tutor = lecturer, instructorpedagogue 教员，学究pedagogy 教育学，教学法lexicography 词典编撰assignment 任务，(课外)作业dissertation 论文(= thesis) credential 证明，文凭credentials alumni 校友(男) vs. alumnae overestimate 高估vs. underestimatedecipher 解码，解释= decode caliber 才干火山爆发abundant adj. 丰富的，富余的accretion n. 增长accumulation n. 积聚，堆积物active volcano 活火山Alaska V olcano Observatory 阿拉斯加州火山观察站Aleutian Islands 阿留申群岛alternating layers of lava flows 熔岩流的交互叠层Archean adj. [地质]太古代的Archeology n. 考古学ascending adj. 上升的，向上的ash particle 灰烬微粒avalanche n.&v. 雪崩awesome adj. 引起敬畏的，可怕的basaltic lava 玄武岩火山石basin-shaped adj. 盆状的beat out 敲平belated adj. 误期的，迟来的blacksmith n. 铁匠blanket n. 毯子，覆盖blast n. 一股（气流），爆炸，冲击波blob n. 一滴，水滴blocky adj. 短而结实的，斑驳的bombs n. 火山口喷出的大堆球状熔岩bowl-shaped crater 碗型的火山口bubble n. 泡沫bulbous adj. 球根的buoyancy n. 浮性，浮力calcium n. [化]钙（元素符号ca）caldera n. [地质]喷火山口，凹陷处carbon dioxide [化] 二氧化碳carbonated soft drink 碳酸饮料Caribbean n. 加勒比海catastrophic adj. 悲惨的，灾难的chimney n. 烟囱，灯罩cinder cone 火山渣形成的圆锥体circular depression 圆形的凹陷circular adj. 圆形的，循环的composite volcano 复式火山conduit n. 导管，沟渠conduit system 沟渠系统cone n. 锥形物，圆锥体congeal v. （使）冻结，（使）凝结conical hill 圆锥型的小山Cotopaxi n. 科多帕希火山（在厄瓜多尔北部）coulee n. 深谷，[地质]熔岩流craggy adj. 陡峭的crater n. 坑crumple v. 弄皱，压皱crystal adj. 结晶状的；n.晶体crystalline adj. 水晶的crystallization n. 结晶化cubic kilometer 立方公里debris n. 碎片，残骸demolish vt. 毁坏，破坏dense clouds of lava fragments 浓密的火山岩碎片descend on 袭击destructive power 破坏力devastate vt. 毁坏diameter n. 直径dike n. 堤防dissolved gases 稀释的气体dome n. 圆屋顶domical shape 圆顶型dormancy n. 睡眠，冬眠dormant adj. 睡眠状态的，静止的downslope adj. 下坡的；adv.向着坡下Earth's crust 地壳ejected material 喷射出来的物质elongate v. 拉长，（使）伸长embedded adj. 植入的，内含的emission n. （光、热等的）散发，发射，喷射Enceladus n. 土卫[希神]恩克拉多斯（反叛众神的巨人）eon n. 永世，无数的年代erosion n. 腐蚀，侵蚀formation of cone 火山口的形成lava flow 熔岩流eruption n. 爆发，火山灰evacuate v. 撤退evolve v.（使）发展，（使）进展exhume vt. 掘出，发射fanning n. 铺开，展开fertile adj. 肥沃的，富饶的fissure n. 裂缝，裂沟flank n. 侧面flooding n. 泛滥，水灾fluid lava flow 流动的熔岩流folding adj. 可折叠的force of gravity 重力，地心引力forge v. 铸造fracture n. 破裂fragment n. 碎片，断片froth n. 泡沫，废物Fuji n. 富士山（在日本本州岛上的死火山）funnel-shaped crater 漏斗型的火山口gas pressure 气压gaseous adj.气体的，气态的geologic adj. 地质（学）的，地质（学）上的geologist n. 地质学者geophysicist n. 地球物理学者glassy adj. 像玻璃的granitic adj. 花岗石的，由花岗岩形成的hemisphere n. 半球high-velocity adj. 高速的igneous adj. 火的，似火的[地]火成的imaging n.[计]成像imperceptible adj. 觉察不到的，感觉不到的，极细微的incandescent adj.遇热发光的，白炽的inferno n. 阴间，地狱ingredient n. 成分，因素interfere with 妨碍intermittently adv. 间歇地island chain 列岛Jupiter n. 木星Kamchatka n. 勘察加半岛（苏联东北部）landscape n. 风景，地形landslide n.[山崩]，崩塌的泥石lava dome 圆顶火山lava plateau 火山岩高地lava n. 熔岩，火山岩linear chain 线形链live in harmony with 与......和睦相处magma n. 岩浆magnesium n.[化]镁magnitude n. 量级majestic adj. 宏伟的，庄严的manganese n. 锰（元素符号为Mn）mantle composition 覆盖物的成分Mercury n. 水星molten v. 溶化；adj. 熔铸的monitor n. 监视器，监控mudflow n.[地] 泥流Neptune n. [天]海王星non-explosive lava flows 非爆炸性的火山岩流oval adj. 卵形的，椭圆的oxygen n.[化]氧particle n. 粒子，微粒pasty adj.浆状的Pele, Goddess of V olcanoes 火山女神pent adj.被关闭的，郁积的periodic violent unleashing 周期性的猛烈释放plain n. 平原，草原planetary probe 行星探测器planetary scientist 行星科学家Pompeii n. 庞培（意大利古都，公元79年火山爆发，全城淹没）population density 人口密度potassium n. [化]钾precipitate n. 沉淀物；v. 使沉淀precursory adj. 预示的，先驱的probe n. 探测器profile n. 剖面，侧面，外形project v. 凸出prominent adj. 显著的，突出的property damage 财务损坏pumice n. 轻石，浮石pyroclastic flow [地质]火成碎屑流，火山灰流quench v. 熄灭，平息reawaken v. 再度觉醒reemergence n. 再度出现reminder n. 提醒的人，暗示reservoir n. 水库，蓄水池resurgent adj. 复活的rift zone 断裂区Saturn n. [天]土星sculpt v. 雕刻，造型seismograph n. 地震仪，测震仪shatter n. 粉碎，碎片；vt. 粉碎，破坏shield volcano 盾状火山Sierra Nevada 内华达山脉silicate n.[化] 硅酸盐silicon n. [化] 硅sloping cone 有坡度的圆锥体sodium n.[化]钠solar system [天]太阳系solidification n. 凝固solidify v.(使)凝固，巩固spine n. 脊骨，地面隆起地带spiteful adj. 怀恨的，恶意的steep-sided, symmetrical cone 陡峭和对称的圆锥体steep-walled adj. 峭壁的stratospheric winds 同温层风stratovolcanoes n. 层云火山succession n. 连续，连续性sulfur dioxide n. [化]二氧化碳summit n. 顶点supernatural adj. 超自然的，神奇的sustain vt.支撑，撑住，维持swarm n. 一大群swelling n. 河水猛涨，涨水telltale remnant 证据性的残余物terrane n. 岩石Titan n.[希腊]提坦，太阳神titanium n.[化]钛trace n. 微量Triton n. 海卫，[希神]人身鱼尾的海神tsunami n. 海啸uplift v.& n.升起vegetation n. [植]植被，（总称）植物ventilated adj. 通风的vent n. 通风孔，出烟孔，出口Venus n. [罗神]维纳斯，[天]金星Vesuvius n. 维苏威火山viscous adj.粘性的，粘滞的volcanic activity 火山活动volcanic ash and dust 火山灰尘volcanic ash 火山灰volcanic cinders 火山灰volcanic dust 火山尘土volcanic eruption 火山爆发volcanic feature 火山特征volcanic landform 火山地形volcanic lava dome 火山岩圆顶volcanic terrain 火山地形volcanic vent 火山口volcanism n. 火山作用volcano n. 火山volcanologist n. 火山学家weathering n. 侵蚀，风化whopping adj. 巨大的，庞大的wrathful adj. 愤怒的，激怒的Yosemite National Park （美国加利福尼亚州中部）约塞米蒂国家公园zircon n. 锆石。
REGIONAL TREATED BULK WATER - Pestesides区域处理散装水pestesides
Soot (incomplete
POPs & Pesticides
thermal destr.)
PCDF
Clx
O
Cly
O
Clx
O
Cly
PCDD
8th Int. HCH & Pesticide Forum
Soot (incomplete
thermal destr.)
PCDF
Controlled Combustion
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Start 300°C 325°C 350°C 380°C 400°C 400°C 425°C 450°C 84th50In°tC. HCH & Pesticide Forum
Toxicity (TEQ) in SCW Oxidation in dependence of temperature (15 min)
What is subcritical and supercritical water treatment ? Basically it is heating water and organic waste in a sophisticated pressure cooker. Subcritical water treatment: Below 374⁰C Supercritial water treatment:
Therefore we evaluated the potential of the SCWO process for destruction of PCB and the potential for PCDD/PCDF formation.
油公司检查易被查到的缺陷
石油公司检查中常见的缺陷、VIQ的规定及如何改正1．缺陷： IOPP证书的格式B表内容不全，有关机舱的污水处理仅有油泥舱的油泥保存和处理，没有写明油污水舱的容积。
VIQ：Are the bilge and sludge tanks being recorded in Part 1 detailed in Form B of the IOPP Certificate?污水舱和油泥舱是否如IOPP证书的格式B中所记载的被记录在油类记录薄第一部分内。
Holding tank: m3 Sludge tank: m3 Other: m3集油污水舱油泥舱其他舱Details of the size of bilge and sludge tanks can be obtained from Form B of the IOPP Certificate, and the recording of the information here is only for the inspector to compare those details with the Oil Record Books if so desired.污水舱和油泥舱的大小可以从IOPP证书的格式B中查到,这些资料的记录供检查官比较其与油类记录薄中的记载是否一致.改正: IOPP证书中应该写清各使用的油舱，船上所有的油类作业必须记入油类记录薄。
油类记录薄中所使用的油舱应与IOPP证书格式B中所描述的油舱相符.2．缺陷：船上的溢油演习没有按照SOPEP中规定的项目进行（如：油舱满溢、过度倾斜、搁浅、碰撞等）。
VIQ：Is an approved MARPOL Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Response Plan (SOPEP) on board, and are drills regularly held and recorded? (6.1)经认可的防油污应急反应计划是否在船，演习是否按常规进行并有记录？改正:溢油演习应按SOPEP中的规定定期进行，以检验防油污计划是有效的。
电离盐水球箱说明书
What’s the water like where you sail? Every ballast water treatment system has limitations related to water conditions. (Don’t let anyone say otherwise.) Which conditions are important depends on which technology you choose: electro c hlorination or UV treatment. If you choose electrochlorinationElectrochlorination (EC) uses electric current to produce disinfecting chlorine from salt water. That means there has to be salt – and even water temperature makes a difference.Salinity (salt content)Why it matters:Without salt, an EC system can’t produce chlorine for compliance. So long as you sail in salty seas, that’s not a problem. But different areas have different amounts of salt. And if you sail into brackish or fresh waters, there’s definitely not enough of it.What it means if you sail in less salty waters:1. You’ll need to carry salt or salt water on board.2. You’ll probably have to add a tank or use the aft peaktank (APT) for storing salt water. If you use the APT, you won’t be able to optimize your trim – which means higher fuel costs. 3. If you can’t supply the system with enough salt,you won’t comply.How they affect ballast water treatment systemsUnderstanding salinity, temperature and UVTWater temperatureWhy it matters:Electrochlorination works fine in warmer waters. But not everyone sails in the tropics. The colder that water gets, the less chlorine electrochlorination produces – and the harder it is to comply.What it means if you sail in colder waters:1. You’ll need to add heating equipment to keep theballast water warm. That’s additional CAPEX that’s probably not in your supplier’s offer.2. Heating requires energy, so OPEX in colder waters willbe higher too.If you choose UV treatmentUV systems use ultraviolet light to disinfect the ballast water. No chemicals are involved, and they’re notaffected by temperature or salinity. But you do need to be aware of UVT.UVT (UV transmittance, i.e. clarity)Why it matters:For UV light to neutralize organisms, it has to be able to reach them. UVT is a measurement of water clarity, i.e. how easily UV light travels through the water. UVT varies from port to port, but it makes a big difference. If you only sail where UVT is high, most UV systems will be fine. But many ports have low UVT. In those ports, some UV systems will use more energy – and some won’t comply at all.What it means when selecting UV systems:•The lower the UVT value on a system’s typeapproval certificate, the more ports you can call on. • A system that handles lower UVT may use lesspower where UVT is high (if it offers power management).100002706-1-EN 2007How to contact Alfa LavalUp-to-date Alfa Laval contact details for all countries are always available on our website at Alfa Laval reserves the right to change specifications without prior notification.What does all this mean for Alfa Laval PureBallast 3?Here’s a quick overview of how holding time applies to Alfa Laval’s ballast water treatment solution.Salinity•No impact on PureBallast 3 (UV technology) •No additional tanks needed•Aft peak tank can still be used to optimize trim Temperature•No impact on PureBallast 3 (UV technology) •Energy-efficient compliance even in the coldestwatersUVT•PureBallast 3 handles the lowest UVTvalues of any system •Compliance down to 42% UVT inIMO-regulated waters •Compliance down to as low as 55% UVTin USCG-regulated waters** The difference compared to IMO comes from differences in type approval methods. Contact Alfa Laval for details.Compliance Navigator will show you more Want an easy way to see the water conditions where you sail, plus how they impact different ballast water treatment systems? Try the free Compliance Navigator tool at 。
Water Heater Installation Guide
#420-A Water Heater Installation GuideThe purpose of this guide is to provide the installer insight into what the inspector will be looking for on your inspection and answer some common installation questions. Included is a full-page image of a typical water heater installation with key points highlighted. While there may be items unique to your application, these are the items that your inspector will be focusing on. This picture provides a general view and will cover most applications.For further questions, after reviewing this document, please contact the Planning and Development Services Building Division at (208) 608-7070.Gase proper gas line sizing.a.The gas line size must be verified if the British Thermal Unit (BTU) ratingon the new water heater is higher than that of the existing waterheater.For example: A standard 50-gallon gas fired water heater has anaverage rating of 40,000 BTU’S. The average tankless water heater’srating is 180,000 BTU’S, which normally will require a larger gas line. TheBTU rating is found on the heaters rating sticker.2.The gas line requires a dip leg prior to entering the water heater gas valve.This is simply a tee facing straight down with a nipple and cap. (See Drawing#1)3.The water heater gas shut-off valve must be within six (6) feet of the waterheater.4.Verify that your gas flex, when used, is properly sized for the BTU rating on thewater heater. Gas flex connectors cannot be reused per manufacturesinstallation instructions.5.When the gas line is hard piped to the water heater, a union must be installedwithin 12” of the gas valve in-between the water heater gas valve and theshut-off valve.6.Gas systems with delivery pressures two pounds (2lbs) or higher require a listedMedium Pressure Regulator, complying with ANSI Z21.80, size suitable for theinlet and outlet gas pressures for the application. The regulator shall beinstalled in an accessible location downstream of the shut-off valve. The MPregulator must be vented to the outside or provided with a leak limitingdevice. A tee fitting with one opening that is capped or plugged shall beinstalled between the shut-off valve and the MP regulator. (See Drawing #2)5/2020Flue1.Visually inspect the flue piping. Look for any rust or white powder flakes. If youhave either condition, replace the flue pipe and fittings.2.Each single-wall flue joint requires three self-tapping screws spaced equallyaround the joint. This holds the joint together.3. A single-wall vent connector must have six (6”) inches of clearance from anycombustible material. Double-wall requires a one (1”) inch clearance.4.The flue must be separated from the insulation in the attic. Install a flue shielda minimum of three (3”) higher than the insulation height and provide no lessthan a one (1”) inch space between the shield and the flue. (See Drawing#3)5.Support the vent connector as needed to prevent stress on a joint or sags. Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve1.The adapter that screws into the T&P valve must be metallic or acombination of plastic (CPVC) and metal threads.2.The drainpipe material to the T&P must be copper tubing, CPVC, orgalvanized pipe.3.The valve must be piped to either an approved drain, the garage floor oroutside of the building.4.The drain line must grade away from the valve and never turned more than45 degrees from the Six o’ clock position (straight down).5.For drains that cannot grade away from the valve, pipe the drain up to alevel high enough to grade away from the valve. It is imperative that an 1/8”hole be drilled into the lowest point closest to the T&P valve to act as a drain.6.The T&P drain line cannot drain into the water heater drain pan.7.The termination of the drain line must point down and can never bethreaded or plugged.8.The drain line must equal the full size of the valve outlet and never reduced.The use of water heater flex connectors is prohibited.Water Connections, Drain Pan & Expansion Tank1. A full-sized shut-off valve must be located on the cold side inlet.2.If the heater is hard piped, unions are required within 12” of the water heater.3. A water heater drain pan is required on any floor surface other thanconcrete. The diameter of the pan must be larger than the water heater perthe manufactures installation instructions, but never less than a one (1”) inchclearance for the entire circumference between the heater and the pan.4.Gas fired water heaters require a metal drain pan.5.The water heater drain pan must be piped to an approved drain, the garagefloor, or to the outside of the building with grade away from the pan.6.An expansion tank must be installed on the water system if a closed system iscreated. This means if a check valve is installed on the cold-water side or apressure reducing valve is present in the water supply.7.Water heater flex connectors cannot exceed 24” nor can two flexconnectors be tied together.Clearances1.The manufacturers installation instruction will provide clearance distancesfrom the front, sides and back of the heater to any combustible material. Combustion Air1.The manufactures installation instructions will provide the required combustionair requirements. It is imperative that the proper combustion air is provided. Carbon Monoxide Detectors1.An approved carbon monoxide alarm shall be installed outside of eachseparate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms in dwellingunits within which fuel-fired appliances are installed and in dwelling units thathave attached garages.Residential Sizing2.The minimum water heater size is given in the water heater’s Energy Code“First Hour Rating,” not in gallons.3.The First Hour Rating is provided by the manufacturer and can be found onthe heater’s “Energy Guide” label.4.The Idaho State Plumbing Code, Chapter 5, Table 501.1(1) provides theminimum First Hour Rating. The ISPC code can be found on-line.5.The Table utilizes the Number of Bedrooms and Number of Bathrooms in thehouse which provides the minimum First Hour Rating.Start-up1.Follow all manufacturer start-up instructions.2.Open a hot water tap, preferably on a bathtub or a shower, while the waterheater is being filled to expel the air out of the water heater. Turn-off thefixture valve after the water clears up and all air is out of the system.。