英翻译之汉英翻译之词类转换 ppt课件

介词词组往往可以用来英译一些汉 语连动式结构！
那男孩肩上扛着枪在装士兵。
With a rifle across his shoulder the boy was playing the soldier.
他们吃的是简陋的饭菜，住的 是寒冷的洞穴，在昏暗的灯光 下长时间地工作。
They worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps.
EXE:
切割金属时，可以看到光亮的 表面，但是立刻就变成了灰色。
When metals are cut， the shining surface is visible， but it turns grey almost immediately.
获悉贵国遭受地震，我们极为关切。
We are deeply concerned at the news that your country has been struck by an earthquake.
任何人不能违背各国人民的利益去 人为地挑起紧张态势，甚至制造武 力冲突。
Nobody should be allowed to cause tension or armed conflicts against the interest of the people.
EXE:
我一直跟着母亲。
1 他在战斗中表
1 He was commended by the
现突出，受到连 company
长(company
commander for his
commander)的表 distinguished
扬。
performance in the
2 只要看一眼这 battle.
封信，你就会明 2 A glance at this
A miser is characterized by greed.
EXE:
中子(Neutrons)的作用不同于质子 (protons )。
Neutrons act differently from protons. 他是世上一切邪恶的化身。
He personified all the evil in the world.
complementary in economic and
trade areas, making it possible for
them to share each other’s huge
market.
5 汉语名词转化为英语形容词：
他有口才，有风度。
He was eloquent and elegant.
冰的密度比水小。
Ice is not as dense as water.
EXE:
两国经贸领域的互补性很强，双方 可以彼此分享巨大的市场。
The two countries are highly
这本书反映了我父亲那个时代的中国社会。
He gave a vivid description of the battle.
他生动地描述了这场战斗。
汉译英时往往可以把汉语动词转化为英语名词。
译例：
数以百万计的非洲人已逐渐意识到他
们的生活状况异常贫穷落后，这就促使 他们奋起采取坚决措施去创建新的生活 条件。
日益提升，越来 foreigners begin to take
越多的外国人开 interest in China and
始对中国和中国 Chinese language , and the
文化感兴趣，学 习汉语的人数也
number of people learning the Chinese language is growing.
委员会怀疑Leabharlann Baidu的资格。
The committee was doubtful of his qualification.
我们绝不满足于现有的成就。
We are not content with our present achievements.
3 汉语动词转化为英语介词或介词 词组：
与汉语相比，英语介词较多，往往 具有动词特征；
"我们之间关系的发展使我们不仅成 为亲密的朋友而且成为兄弟。"
a. The development of our relations has made us not only close friends but also brothers.
b. Our relations have so grown that they bind us not only as close friends but also as brothers.
The growing awareness by millions of Africans of their extremely poor and backward living conditions has prompted them to take resolute measures and create new ones.
汉英翻译之词类转换
1 汉语动词转化为英语名词：
汉语中动词用的较多，除大量动宾结构外，还有 连动式、兼语式等两个以上动词连用的现象。
英语名词比汉语用的多。
Eg: The book is a reflection of the Chinese society of my father’s time.
I have always been with Mother. 你是赞成还是反对这项计划？
Are you for or against the plan? 你想像不出他听到这个消息时是多
么生气。
You can't imagine how angry he was at the news.
4 汉语的名词转化英语动词： 守财奴的特点是贪婪。
good.
2 汉语动词转化为英语形容词：
汉语中一些表示知觉、情感等心理 状态的动词，往往可以转换成英语 形容词，通常多以“Be+形容词….” 结构来表达。
Eg: 你熟悉这种晶体管放大器 （transistor amplifier)的性能吗？
Are you familiar with the performance of this type of transistor amplifier？
如果旅馆都客满了，我们可以给你 提供住处。
We can house you if the hotels are full.
该厂产品的主要特点是工艺精湛， 经久耐用。
The products of this factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability.
白你上当了。
letter will convince you that you have
been taken in.
3 看到我们的 喷气式飞机，听
见隆隆的声音，
3 The sight and sound of our jet
令我特别神往。 planes filled me with
special longing.
9 他得出这一结 论是深思熟虑的
conclusion was the result of much thought.
结果。
10 With the increase of
10 随着国际社 会对中国的关注
attention paid to China by
the
international
community, more and more
4 在使用电 4 It is man who plays
脑时，起主要作 用的是人
5 Coco歌唱
the leading role in the use of computers.
得很好。
5 Coco is a good
singer.
7 No violation of this 7 决不允许违反 principle can be tolerated.
与日俱增。
11他们在工作中 11 In their work, they pay 非常注意理论联 much attention to the
系实际。
combination of theory with
practice.
12 徐悲鸿画马， 12 Xu Beihong’s drawing
画得特别好。 of horses are exceptionally
这个原则。 8 The turning point of
8 我的生活转折
my life was my decision to give up promising
点是我决定：不 business career and study
再做生财有望的 music.
商人而专攻音乐。9 His arrival at this