中医英语翻译标准与原则
中医术语汉译英的基本方法
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在中医翻译实践中，中医术语的翻译是核心、 是首要。这就是说，要与国外医学界交流信息， 要使译文能顺利地为外国读者理解，我们首先要 能准确地翻译中医术语． 进而达到准确完整地翻 译中医、中草药等专著、专文的目的。以下是中 医术语英译的几种基本方法。
2）一些相关疾病、症状 由于大多数疾病的人体表现都具有普遍性，中医描 述相关疾病或症状的术语也可以直接翻译成相应的英语
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词语。如：
头晕目眩 耳鸣目涩 心悸心烦 失眠健忘 鼻衄
headache and vertigo tinnitus and dryness of eyes vexation and palpitation insomnia and poor memory； nose bleeding
采用意译的手法则可以得其“意义”而不拘泥于“字
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面”。
因而，我们应该将金、木、水、火、土意译为lung,
liver, kidney, heart, spleen, 而不是译成metal,
water, fire, earth.
“木火刑金”可意译成liver fire impairing lung. 如
直
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接译为gynecologist.
二．意译
意译（free translation) 是指根据原文的大意
来翻译，不作逐字逐句的翻译。意译只保持原文内
容，不保持原文形式。 在中医术语翻译实践中，意译就是指根据名词术
语所表示的具体事物或概念，不拘泥于字面意义的 翻译。
意译的实用对象是：
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中医英语翻译重点
中医英语翻译句子翻译重点1.由于证包括了病变的部位、原因、性质以及邪正关系，反映出疾病发展过程中某一阶段的病理变化的本质，因而它比症状更全面、更深刻、更正确地揭示了疾病的本质。
Since syndrome, covering the location, cause and nature of disease and conditions of healthy and pathogenic qi, indicates the nature of pathological changes in a phase during the disease progress, it more comprehensively, profoundly and correctly uncovers the nature of disease than symptom does.2.所谓辨证，就是将四诊（望、闻、问、切）所收集的资料、症状和体征，通过分析、综合、辨清疾病的原因、性质、部位以及邪正之间的关系，概括、判断为某种性质的证。
The so-called syndrome differentiation refers to the process of figuring out the location, cause and nature of disease and conditions of healthy and pathogenic qi by analyzing the information, symptoms and signs of the patients collected by four examinations including inspection, listening and smelling examination, inquiry and palpation, and finally identifying the disease as a certain syndrome.3.辨证和论治，是诊治疾病过程中相互关系不可分割的两个方面，是理论和实践相结合的体现，是理法方药在临床上的具体体现，是指导中医临床工作的基本原则。
直译_异化与意译_归化_和而不同_——中医药英语翻译的辩证思考
对少数最基本的中医术语， 难找到相应的词汇翻译，采 用音译不失为一种明智的选择。 音译是最“直”的直译。 但太 多音译效果等于未译。 实际上目前为止，除针灸穴位名称外， 仅有为数甚少的术语音译 如 Qi（气 ）、Yin（阴 ）和 Yang（阳 ）等 较为公认。
直译法在文化层次上属异化范畴。 异化是以源语文化为 归宿的一种翻译策略，是指译入语保留或移植了源语文化的 形式和内容。 中医药英译中的异化是指中医药英译时，由于 受中华文化以及中医药理论思维和实践的独特性的影响所 产生的一种英语变体，即“中国英语”（China English）。中医药 理论和实践的术语具有整体宏观性以及人文科学的特征，与 西医有所不同。 有关人体生理、病理和疾病诊治的许多术语， 在英语中无对应表达法而出现了表达真空，即出现了“词汇 空缺”（empty words）。 对于这些中医药所独特的如气和经穴 名称等术语，目前必须借助音译、译借和语义再生等手段，即 通过“异化”来完成。 中医英译中异化翻译能真实地反映中医 文化，中医药国际交流的增强和深入也为异化翻译创造了客 观条件，打开了读者的接受空间。
中医的专业术语英文翻译
中医的专业术语英文翻译大家在写中医论文时候常常遇到一些不容易翻译的词汇，yjbys 网整理了中医的专业术语英文翻译，方便大家写作。
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中国医药学：traditional Chinese medicine中医基础理论:basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine临床经验:clinical experience辨证论治:treatment based on syndrome differentiation本草:materia medica //medicinal herbs中药Chinese herbs四气五味:four properties and five tastes针灸acupuncture and moxibustion各家学说theories of different schools汗法: diaphoresis /diaphoretic therapy下法:purgative therapy吐法:emetic therapy补土派:school of invigorating the earth病因学说:theory of etiology养生:health-cultivation医疗实践medical practice治疗原则:therapeutic principles寒凉药物:herbs of cold and cool nature滋阴降火:nourishing yin to lower fire瘀血致病:disease caused by blood stasis先天之精:congenital essence气的运动变化:movement and changes of qi。
中医英语术语翻译重点
中医英语术语翻译重点Last revision on 21 December 2020中医英语术语翻译重点天人相应Correspondence of human body and natural environment辨证论治treatment based onsyndrome differentiation针灸acupuncture and moxibustion寒凉药物herbs cold and cool in nature滋阴降火nourishing yin and reducing fire整体观念concept of holism开窍(of the five zang-organs) open into生长化收藏sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store同病异治different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease异病同治same therapeutic method used to treating different diseases从阴引阳drawing yang from yin阴平阳秘balance of yin and yang寒极生热extreme cold generating heat热极生寒 extreme heat gernerating cold病机总纲general rule of pathogenesis祛风散寒eliminating wind and dispersing cold实则泻之treating excess syndromes with reduction虚寒证deficiency cold syndrome实热症 excess heat syndrome潜阳熄风suppressing yang and eliminating wind补其不足 supplement insufficiency泻其有余 reduce excess五行学说the theory of five elements木曰曲直wood characterized by bending and straightening火曰炎上fire characterized by flaring up土爰稼穑earth characterized by sowing and reaping金曰从革metal characterized by clearing and changing水曰润下water characterized by moistening and descending母病及子illness of mother viscera affecting the child one子病及母illness of child viscera affecting the mother one相乘相侮over restriction and counter-restriction心火亢盛exuberant fire in the heart肾阳式 of kidney yang平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach水火不济between water and fire奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs藏象学说the theory of visceral manifestation藏而不泻storage without discharge泻而不藏discharge without storage形体诸窍physical build and various orifices其华在面the luster manifesting upon the face满而不实 full but not to be solid实而不满solid but not to be full心主血脉heart governing blood and vessels肺司呼吸lung controlling breathing脾主运化spleen governing transportation and transformation肝主疏泄liver controlling conveyance and dispersion肾主藏精kidney governing storing essence面色无华lusterless complexion汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin升降出入ascending, descending, going out and going in宣发肃降dispersion, purification and descent后天之本acquired base of life肝气逆上upward adverse flow of liver qi先天之精innate essence奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs孤俯isolated fu-organ腐熟水谷digest water and food七冲门the seven important portals胆主决断The gallbladder is responsible for making judgment泌别清浊separating the lucid from the turbid大肠主津The large intestine governs thin body fluid小肠主液The small intestine governs thick body fluid先天禀赋innateness温养腑脏warming and nourishing the viscera津血同源body fluid and blood sharing the same origin气为血帅，血为气母Qi commands the blood and the blood carries qi. 益气固脱nourishing qi to stop collapse奇经八脉eight extraordinary vessels十二经筋tendons of the twelve regular meridians舒经活络soothing meridians and activating collaterals刺络拔罐collateral pricking and cupping therapy腠理闭塞stagnation of interstitial space湿邪困脾pathogenic dampness obstructing the spleen外感六淫six excesses pathogenic factors饮食劳倦mproper diet and overstrain阳常有余，阴常不足Yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient.四大经典Four GreatClassic:Huangdi s Canon of Medicine黄帝内经Classic of Difficulties难经Shennong s Classic of Materia Medica神农本草经Rreatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases伤寒杂病论四气four properties:cold,,hot,warm,cool五味five flavors:sour,bitter,sweet,pungent,salty(中药)七情seven conditions of ingredients in prescriptionsSingle effect,mutual reinforcement,mutual assistance,mutual restraint,mutual inhibition,mutual antagonism,mutual suppression寒凉派Liu Wansu-School of Cold and Cool攻下派Zhang Congzheng-School of Purgation补土派Li Gao-School of Reinforcing the Earth滋阴派Zhu Zhenheng-School of Nourishing Yin辛温中药herbs pungent in taste and warm in nature辛凉中药herbs pungent in taste and cool in narure向日为阳，背日为阴The side facing the sun belongs to yang and the reverse side to yin,血液常行的前提条件：心气充沛，血液充盈，脉道通利Normal circulation of blood:abundance of heart qi,sufficiency ofblood,vessels are prerequisite.四气；元气primordial qi，宗气pectoral qi，营气nutrient qi，卫气defensiveqi内生五邪；内风，内寒，内湿，内燥，内火Five internal excesses;internal cold,internal dampness,inrenaldryness,internal fire内伤七情Internal injury due to sevenemotions;joy,anger,anxiety,thought,sorrow,fear,fright怒则气上，喜则气缓，悲则气消，恐则气下，惊则气乱。
中医英语翻译理论
1 中医翻译概论
� 1.2 定义化
� 中医术语高度凝炼，难以用同样长短的英语表达清楚 � 翻译往往以解释、定义方式進行 � 辨证论治
� diagnosis and treatment based on the overall analysis of symptoms and signs
� 虚胀 � Flatulence due to yang-deficiency of the spleen and kidney
3 中医翻译实践
� 3.2 直译 � � � � � 阴阳失调 脾失健运 肝不藏血 胃失和降 肾阳不足
� yin-yang disharmony / imbalance between yin and yang spleen failing to move and transform / dysfunction of spleen; failure of spleen in transportation liver failing to store blood / inability of the liver to store blood impaired harmonious downbearing of the stomach / failure of gastric qi to descend insufficiency of kidney yang / insufficiency of renal yang
� � � � � � 心悸 便秘 便溏 遗尿 黄疸 纳呆 � � � � � � palpitation constipation loose / sloppy stool enuresis / incontinence* jaundice anorexia*, poor appetite / torpid intake
中医英语翻译
中国医药学：traditional Chinese medicine中医基础理论:basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine临床经验:clinical experience辨证论治:treatment based on syndrome differentiation本草:materia medica国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。
TCM, a medical system with a history of thousands years，has summarized the experience of the Chinese people accumulating in the struggle against diseases.2.中医学在古代唯物论和辩证法思想的影响和指导下，通过长期的医疗实践，逐步形成并发展为独特的医学理论体系。
Under the influence andguidance of classicalChinese materialism anddialectics,traditionChinese medicine haseventually evolved into amedical system withunique theory throughlong term medicalpractice.3.中医学是研究人体生理病理以及疾病的诊断和防治的一门科学。
Tradition Chinesemedicine is a sciencefocusing on the study ofthe physiology andpathology of the humanbody as well as thediagnosis, prevention andtreatment of disease.4.黄帝内经总结了春秋战国以来的医疗成就和治疗经验，确立了中医学独特的理论体系，成为中医药学发展的基础。
中医英语
翻译短语1．中国医药学traditional Chinese medicine; TCM2．中医基础理论basic theory of TCM3．临床经验clinical experience4．辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation5．中药学Chinese pharmacy6．针灸acupuncture and moxibustion7．病因学etiology8．方剂prescription; formula9．滋阴降火nourishing yin and reducing fire10．六腑six fu-organs11．整体观念holism12．社会属性social attribute13．诊断学diagnostics14．邪正关系relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi 15．治疗学therapeutics16．风寒感冒common cold due to wind and cold17．同病异治treatment of the same disease with different remedies 18．异病同治treatment of different diseases with the same remedy19．疾病本质nature of disease20．相互转化 mutual transformation21．寒极生热 extreme cold turning into heat22．相互消长 mutual wane-wax23．相互制约 mutual restriction24．相互依存 interdependence25．五行学说the doctrine of five elements26．相乘相侮subjugation and counter-restriction27．土虚木乘deficient earth being subjugated by wood28．生克制化inhibition-development with generation and restriction 29．母病及子 involvement of a child- organ by its mother-organ disorder 30．藏象学说doctrine of visceral manifestations31．奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs32．水谷精微essence of water and food33．临床实践clinical practice34．藏而不泻storage without discharge/excretion35．心气充沛sufficiency of heart qi36．血液充盈sufficiency of blood37．汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin38．脾主运化the spleen governing transportation and transformation39．后天之本origin of acquired constitution40．奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs41．上焦upper energizer42．泌别清浊separating the lucid from the turbid43．初步消化 primary digestion44．月经来潮occurrence of menstruation45．先天禀赋innateness46．水液代谢water metabolism47．气机调畅smoothness of qi movement48．气机qi movement49．气化qi transformation50．先天之气innate qi51．后天之气acquired qi52．气生血qi generating blood53．气行血qi propelling blood54．津血同源body fluid and blood sharing the same origin55．气为血帅，血为气母Qi serves as commander of blood and blood does as mother of qi 56．益气固脱nourishing qi to stop collapse57．经络学说meridian theory58．经络系统meridian system59．十二正经twelve regular meridians60．奇经八脉eight extraordinary meridians61．十二经别twelve meridians’ divergences62．外感六淫six exogenous pathogenic factors63．风邪外袭pathogenic wind attacking the exterior64．感受寒邪attack/invade by pathogenic cold65．阴虚生内热production of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency66．七情内伤internal impairment due to seven emotions67．体质强弱 (body )constitutional state68．五心烦热feverish sensation in the five centers (palms, soles, and chest) 69．五志过极extreme changes of five emotions70．阴阳互损mutual involvement of yin and yang71．精充气足 sufficient essence and abundant qi72．肌肤甲错squamous and dry skin73．预后良好favorable prognosis74．脉象pulse conations75．表里同病disease involving both exterior and interior76．寒热错杂co-existence of cold and heat/ mixture of cold and heat77．真寒假热true cold with false heat78．寒证化热cold syndrome transforming into heat one79．热证转寒transformation of heat syndrome into cold one80．潮热盗汗tidal fever and night sweating81．中草药Chinese medicinal herbs82．四气五味four properties and five flavors83．燥湿健脾drying dampness to invigorate the spleen84．升降沉浮ascending, descending, sinking and floating85．归经channel tropism of medicines86．用药禁忌medication contraindication87．方剂学science of prescription88．方剂的加减modification of a prescription89．剂型与剂量drug form and dosage90．药物毒性toxicity of medicinal herb91．引经报使guiding action92．药物饮片 herbal slice93．针灸疗法acupuncture and moxibustion (therapy)94．针刺补泻reinforcing and reducing95针刺止痛analgesia by acupuncture96．针刺麻醉acupuncture anesthesia97．耳针疗法ear acupuncture (therapy)98．提插捻转lifting, thrusting, twisting and rotating (techniques)翻译句子1．中国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。
四级翻译专题--中医
2. 和西医比较起来，中医采用的方法并不相同 。
注解：原文在汉译英时需注意主语的选择。原 文中的主语是“中医采用的方法”，而如果 选用“中医”做主语能更好地突出句子的话 题，而且可以和与之对比的“西医”形成呼 应。 参考译文：In comparison with Western medicine, Traditional Chinese medicine takes a different approach.
• 参考译文：With a history going back 5,000 years, it has formed a comprehensive knowledge system that includes herbal medicine, acupuncture, massage, exercise and dietary therapy.
5. 阴阳是事物相互对立的两种特点，阴是内在 和负面的属性，阳是外在和正面的属性。
注解：原文反映了普遍的真理，因此其译文可 以采用一般现在时。因原文后两个分句对仗 工整，所以第三个分句的译文可省略重复的 谓语动词和部分宾语。
译文：Yin and yang are two opposite features of things. Yin is the inner and negative principles, and yang outer and positive.
4. 中医认为人体是阴阳平衡的结果。
注解：原文的主语是“中医”，谓语是“认为”， 如果译成“traditional Chinese medicine thinks …”，主谓搭配不够妥当。“中医”只是 一门学科，不具备思考能力，英语的主语和谓 语搭配要符合逻辑。因此，在汉译英时，译者 可以把“中医认为”改译为according to Traditional Chinese medicine，而译文的主语 则可以选择原文的话题“人体”(the human body)。 译文：According to Traditional Chinese medicine, the human body is the result of balance between yin and yang.
中医英语翻译标准与原则
率甚 高。这些概念具有典 型的 中国文化 特 色 ， 论直译 还 是 无
意译 都无 法准确地再现原文的 内涵 。在译作 中要 体现 出中医 张翻译中医文献时要尽量 保持其古 典 风格 ， 以体现 中医源 远 的整体观和辨证思维模式 ， 应译为 “ ｉｙ ” ｑ ｎ ｌ ｄ ｙｎ￣ｇ 及“ ｉ ｄｂｏ ” ａ ｏ 流长的特色和魅力。但是 ， 中国人 尚且未 能轻 易地读 懂 医古 较好 。 文， 毋庸说把它 翻译 为另一种文字 了。此外 ， 目标语 读者是 和 ２ ２ 保持 中医语言特色 中医语言 因受到 中国古 代哲学 、 ． 心 我们同时代的或未来的人 ， 如果我们过于坚持古典 文学风格 ， 理学 、 天文学 、 气象学 、 逻辑学 、 养生学 以及文 化 、 教的影响 ， 宗 文本的交际功能将被 削弱 。那 么 ， 忠实性 法则 和文本 的交 际 包括 了这些学科 的内容 ， 产生 了许多抽象的概念 ， 使得 一些 中 功能是否就无法统一 呢？ 翻译标准多元化 在这个 问题 上给 了 医术语除 了专业性外 ， 还具有隐喻的形象 ， 些隐喻形 象是非 这
尚处在一个发展初期 。由于 中医学 具有独 特 的理 论体 系 ， 有 际 目的 ， 再加 注释以正确表达原 文意思。中医文献专 业性强 ，
些词义深奥难懂 ， 翻译难 度大 ， 同时 又没 有既定 的标 准可循 ，
文学性强 ， 与西医差异较大 ， 单一 的翻译标 准会使译 者无所适 目 ， 论是国内或 国外的翻译作品质量较低 ， 前 无 中医 翻译 著作 从 ， 多元化 的翻译标准使 功能 目的更 贴近 实 际。在遵循 多 而 相 当混乱 ， 有些词不达意 ， 有些 甚至 是 曲解 和离 谱 ， 就像 西方 元化标准 的指导下 ， 在具体的 中医翻译实践 中， 者如有 既定 译 的中国餐馆烧不 出正 宗 的中国菜一 样 ， 无法 引起英语 国家读 的原则可循 ， 中医翻译的质量必会有一定的保障 。 者 的普遍关注与兴趣 ， 制约了 中医走 向世界 的步伐。 因此 ， 制 ２ 中医英译应遵循的原则Ｄ２ ， １ 定统一并切实 可行 的中医翻译标 准便 成为当务之急。 中医 翻译首先要 向读者 传达 的应 是中国古 老的 医学 科学
常见中医术语英文翻译及中文释义
郑州市管城中医院肿瘤科整理常见中医术语英文翻译及中文释义常见中医术语英文翻译及中文释义中医术语的中英文参考对照治则principle of treatment 在对临床的具体立法、处方、用药等具有普遍的指导意义，因而在治疗疾病时必须遵循的基本原则。
治病求本treatment aiming at its pathogenesis 针对产生疾病的根本原因进行治疗的原则。
急则治标symptomatic treatment in acute condition 与缓则治本相对而言，在大出血、暴泻、剧痛等标症甚急的情况，及时救治标病。
缓则治本radical treatment in chronic case 与急则治标相对而言，针对病势缓和、病情缓慢的情况，从本病的病机出发，采取调理、补益为主的治疗原则。
标本兼治treating both manifestation and root cause of disease 针对病证出现的标本并重的情况，采用治标与治本相结合的治疗原则。
治未病preventive treatment of disease 采取一定的措施防止疾病产生和发展的治疗原则，包括未病先防和既病防变两个方面。
同病异治treating same disease with different methods 表现相同的病证，可因人、因时、因地的不同，或由于病情的发展、病机的变化、病型的各异、正邪消长等差异，采取不同治法的治疗原则。
异病同治treating different diseases with same method 表现不同的病证，由于发病机理相同，采取相同治法的治疗原则。
因时制宜treatment in accordance with seasonal conditions 考虑到时令气候寒热燥湿的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。
因地制宜treatment in accordance with local conditions 考虑到地域环境的不同而选择适宜的治法、方药的治疗原则。
中医英语翻译常用词汇英汉对照
交替搓揉alternative rubbing and kneading
旋转复位rotating reduction
腰肌劳损injury of lumbartissues
针刺的角度与深度angle and depth of needling
提插捻转lifting, thrusting, swirling and rotating
双手进针法insertion of needle with double hands
水针疗法hydro-acupuncture therapy
中医英语翻译常用词汇(cíhuì)英汉对照
中草药Chinese medicinal herbs
炮制processing
四气五味four properties and five tastes
清除杂质eliminating impurity
入药部分the part used for medical purpose
减轻疼痛alleviating pain
艾炷灸moxibustion with moxa cone
功法训练exercise for practicing tuina
灯火灸lamp moxibustion
放松肌肉relaxing muscles
温针灸warm needling method
解除肌肉紧张relieving muscular tension
配伍关系compatibility
燥湿健脾drying dampness and strengthening the spleen
组成规律prescription-formulating principle
中医英语笔记
中医英语笔记－中基中医英语翻译特点：1．借用英语中已有单词的重新排列组合向英语语言输入中医特有的概念和表达法肝血Liver blood血虚Blood deficiency活血化瘀Activating blood to resolve stasis恶风aversion to wind倦怠fatigue and lack of strength肝气犯胃Liver-Qi invading the stomach2．定义化：用英语给予中医概念下定义辨证论治treatment based on syndrome, or syndrome differentiation and treatment奔豚a syndrome characterized by a feeling of gas rushing up through the throat to throat from the lower abdomen虚胀deficiency –flatulence3。
多样化：虚：Deficiency, asthenia, insufficiency, weakness, debility, hypofunction4．拼音化：Tuina中医英语翻译原则由于素体脾胃虚弱，或久病失血伤阴，致阴血不足，胞脉失养。
The disease results from chronic splenogastric asthenia, or yin-consumption by bleeding with chronic illness, leading to hemopenia and failure to nourish the uterine collaterals.如果气化功能失常，就会影响到气、血、津液的新陈代谢，影响饮食物的消化吸收，影响汗液、尿液和粪便的排泄，从而形成各种各样代谢异常的疾病。
The disorder of Qi activity can affect the metabolism of Qi, blood and body fluid, impair the digestion and absorption of food, and inhibit sweating, urination and defecation, resulting in various metabolic diseases.三焦, 现统一为triple energizerTranslation of TCM terminology补：tonify, invigorate, strengthen, supplement实火：Excessive fire, Solid fire温病：Seasonal febrile disease哮喘：Dyspnea and asthmatic breathing引火归原: conduct the fire returning to the original place肺痨: consumptive disease of the lung黄帝内经：yellow emperor’s canon of internal medicineThe theory of Yinyang and Five-elementsPlain questions《素问》Miraculous Pivot 《灵枢经》Classic on Medical Problems 《难经》Shen Nong’s Herbal《神农本草经》Treatise on Febrile Diseases《伤寒论》Synopsis of Prescriptions of Golden Cabinet 《金匮要略》A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion《针灸甲乙经》General Treatise on the Etiology and Symptomsology《诸病源候论》Theory of TCMMaterialism 唯物主义疾病可知又可防治The diseases are cognizable and curableDialectics 辩证法正气存内，邪不可干When there is sufficient healthy qi inside, pathogenic factors have no way to invade the bodyBasic characteristics of TCM整体观念The holistic concept ；the concept of the organism as a wholeThe concept of organic whole refers to the integral unity of the human body and its close relationship with the outer world.从阳引阴，从阴引阳，以左治右，以右治左Drawing yin from yang and drawing yang from yin; treating the right for curing disease on the left and treating the left for curing disease on the right. 辨证论治Syndrome differentiation and treatment同病异治Treating the same disease with different therapies异病同治Treating different disease with the same therapy阴阳五行学说部分阴阳学说Theory of yin and yang or doctrine of yin and yang阴中之阴与阳中之阳Yin within yin and yang within yang阴阳互根Yin and yang are rooted in each other阴阳转化Yin-yang conversion阴阳自和Natural harmony of yin and yang；spontaneous harmonization of yin and yang阴阳消长Growth and decline between yin and yang阴平阳秘Yang steadies while yin calms ；calm yin and sound yang阴阳两虚Simultaneous asthenia of yin and yang,国外译作dual vacuity of yin and yang阴阳离绝Dissociation or separation of yin and yang阴胜则寒Excessive of yin causing cold or predominance of yin leads to cold syndrome阴损及阳Impairment of yin affecting yang or consumption of yin involving yang阴阳俱损Simultaneous impairment of yin and yang阴胜格阳Predominant yin rejecting yang or excessive yin repelling yangYin and Yang-the law of natureThings or phenomena which are dynamic, bright, hot, functional, etc, pertain to yang, while those that are static, dark, cold, substantial, etc, pertain to yinYin and yang are the law of heaven and earth, the principles of all things, the parents of all changes, the origin of life and deathThe content of the theory of Yin and YangOpposition n.反对, 敌对, 相反Interdependence n.互相依赖Relative waxing and waning 【医】消长变化Transformation 转化All things and phenomena in the natural world contain the two opposite components阴盛则阳病，…。
中医英语翻译
中医英语翻译中国医药学:traditional Chinese medicine 哲学概念philosophical concept counter-restriction by wood 中医基础理论:basic theory of traditional Chinese 对立统一unity and opposites 生克制化interrelationship between generation and medicine 相互消长mutual waning and waxing restriction临床经验:clinical experience 阴阳属性nature of yin and yang 制则生化restriction ensuring generation 辨证论治:treatment based on syndrome 相互转化mutual transformation 传变transmission of disease differentiation 相互联系interrelation 母病及子disease of the mother-organ affecting the 本草:materia medica //medicinal herbs 相互制约mutual restraint child-organ中药Chinese herbs 动态平衡dynamic balance 子病犯母disease of the child-organ affecting the 四气五味:four properties and five tastes 阴平阳秘yin and yang in equilibrium mother-organ针灸acupuncture and moxibustion 阳消阴长 yang waning and yin waxing 肝肾精血不足insufficiency of kidney and liver 各家学说theories of different schools 阴胜则阳病predominance of yin leading to disorder essence and bloodhyperactivity of liver yang 汗法: diaphoresis /diaphoretic therapyof yang 肝阳上亢下法:purgative therapy 阳胜则热 predominance of yang generating heat 藏象学说 theory of visceral manifestations 吐法:emetic therapy 寒极生热extreme cold generating heat 五脏六腑 five zang-organs and six fu-organs 补土派:school of invigorating the earth 热极生寒extreme heat generating cold 奇恒之府 extraordinary fu-organs 病因学说:theory of etiology 相反相成 opposite and supplementary to each other 水谷精微 cereal nutrients 养生:health-cultivation 生理功能physiological functions 传化水谷transmissions and transformation of food 医疗实践medical practice 病理变化pathological changes 贮藏精气 storage of essence治疗原则:therapeutic principles 临床诊断clinical diagnosis 表里关系interior and exterior relationship 寒凉药物:herbs of cold and cool nature 有机整体organic wholeness/entirety 治疗效应 curative effect 滋阴降火:nourishing yin to lower fire 正邪斗争struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic 临床实践 clinical practice瘀血致病:disease caused by blood stasis factors 藏而不泻 storage without excretion 先天之精:congenital essence 绝对偏盛absolute predominance 心肝血虚deficiency of heart and liver blood 气的运动变化:movement and changes of qi 阳虚则寒yang deficiency leading to cold心肝火旺exuberance of heart and liver fire 形与神俱:inseparability of the body and spirit 阳损及阴consumption of yang involving yin 心火亢盛exuberance of heart fire 神明: spirit/mental activity 阴液不足insufficiency of yin-fluid 滋肾养肝nourishing the kidney and liver 脏腑:zang-organs and fu-organs/viscera 病机pathogenesis 肝阴不足insufficiency of the liver yin 功能活动:functional activities 五行学说theory of five elements 温肾健脾warming the kidney and strengtheningthe 形神统一:unity of the body and spirit 运动变化motion and variation spleen阴阳失调:imbalance of yin and yang 条达舒畅free development 肾阳式微declination of kidney yang 正邪相争:struggle between healthy qi and 相生相克mutual generation and restriction 脾阳不振inactivation of spleen yang pathogenic factors 生我我生to be generated and to generate 肝旺脾虚hyperactivity of the liver and weakness of 治未病prevention of disease 克我我克to be restricted and to restrict the spleen 调养 to cultivate health 生中有制restriction within generation 脾胃虚弱weakness of the spleen and stomach 正气 healthy qi 克中有生generation within restriction 平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the 病邪 pathogenic factor 木曰曲直Wood is characterized by growing freely stomach疾病的防治 prevention and treatment of disease and peripherally 水湿停聚retention of water-dampness 整体观念 concept of holism 火曰炎上Fire is characterized by flaming up 肾阴不足insufficiency of kidney yin 五脏five zang-organs 土曰稼穑Earth is characterized by cultivation and 心肾不交disharmony between the heart and kidney 六腑six fu-organs reaping 水火不济discordance between water and fire 经络系统system of meridians and collaterals 金曰从革Metal is characterized by change 阴阳俱损simultaneous consumption of yin and yang 形神统一 unity of the body and spirit 水曰润下Water is characterized by moistening and 阴阳两虚simultaneous deficiency of both yin and 有机整体organic wholeness downward flowing yang表里关系exterior and interior relation 方位配五行correspondence of the directions to the 损其有余reducing excess开窍opening into five elements 补其不足supplementing insufficiency 生长化收藏five element function 相乘相侮over-restriction and reverse restriction 阴中求阳obtaining yang from yin 脉象pulse conditions 土乘木The wood over-restrains the earth 虚寒证deficiency-cold syndrome 正邪关系the states of pathogenic factors and healthy 土虚木乘 Earth deficiency leading to 扶阳益火strengthening yang to increasing fire qi over-restriction by wood 祛风散寒eliminating wind to dispersing cold 自然现象natural phenomena 金虚木侮metal deficiency leading to 消导积滞promoting digestion and removing foodretention of TCM潜阳息风suppressing yang to quench wind 5.难经内容十分丰富，补充了内经的不足，成为后世人体各组织器官共处于统一体中，不论在生理上还是阴阳的互根互用interdependence of yin and yang 指导临床实践的理论基础。
中医英语翻译ppt课件
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2.2 创词翻译法
辨证 ——syndro-differentiation
syndrome syndro-
differentiation
辨证论治——pathotheragnomy
pathos 病、难受)”、
therapy 治疗、疗法
-gnomy 方法、技术、知识
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2.3 汉语拼音翻译法
此法在中医药英译中是必不可少的,许多学者都有共识。但应尽可 能减少到最低限度。根据上述原则,能用意译(不是指解释性翻译) 的就不用汉语拼音。目前,国际上公认的有“阴阳”和针灸学中的 腧穴名称,而且已经在逐渐形成习惯。
3.3 语气(mood)
在翻译过程中，常使用 should，must， can，would等情态 动词(modal verb)。
e.g. 阴和阳都不能脱离对方而单
独Ne存it在he。r yin or yang can exist in
isolation. e.g.
重阴必阳，重阳必阴。
Extreme yin will necessarily produce yang and
vice versa. e.g. 阴无阳不生，阳无 阴不
长W。ithout yang there would be
no production of yin. Without
②对基础理论名词术语、四字句词语尽可能用信息密
度高的构词方法,简约、精炼,具有良好的回译性,避免
使用解释性翻译;
③尽量少用汉语拼音,能用意译
的就不用汉语拼音。
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1.2 中医药英译标准的分类
①原单词类; ②词缀加词根类; ③汉语拼音类; ④汉语拼音加单词类; ⑤词缀或词根用联字符号“-”联结类; ⑥汉语拼音英语化类; ⑦用大写字母缩 写类。
中医英语翻译标准化原则研究
中医英语翻译标准化原则研究
中医英语翻译标准化包括以下几个原则：
1、精确性：中医英语的翻译应与原文内容完全一致，切忌改动原文的内容和意思。
2、实用性：中医英语的翻译应兼顾实用性，采用比较通用、时新的词句。
3、一致性：中医英语的翻译应尽可能地保持语言格式、表达方式的一致性，避免词不达意、文不对题的出现。
4、准确性：中医英语的翻译应严格遵守中医的术语、概念等的准确性，尽量使用专业词汇。
5、文风性：中医英语的翻译应能体现中医文化的特色，尽量使读者有种亲切友好的感受。