否定句式的翻译

地球大气层正在变暖，这种迹象日益增多，这 向人们提出了一个重大问题，即地球变暖在多 大程度上应归咎于人类的活动，又在多大程度 上是自然原因造成的？科学家们正在寻求答案， 但是进展缓慢。 由这一领域公认的权威科学家组成的联合国关 于气候变化的政府间专门小组已得出结论：全 球气候受到了“显而易见的人为影响。”



Some experts say that in any case, a reliable estimate of the human imprint’s magnitude on climate still remains some distance off. The human influence stems mostly from emissions of waste industrial gases like carbon dioxide, which trap heat in the atmosphere. Human factors appeared to be playing a part, but no judgment has been made on whether that part was big, small or in between.
If 引导的条件句 某些条件句常省略主句，只用if引导的条件句 来表示强烈的否定意义，意为“从未” “绝没 有”。 I am sure! If this is English manners. 我确信这决不是英国人的礼貌行为。 Mercy! If ever I heard the like from a lady. 天哪！一位小姐竟然说出这样的话来，真是 闻所未闻。
英语的否定（negation; negative)非常复杂，从词汇、 意义、表达方式上都有比汉语复杂。





She is not a dancer. She is no dancer. It is not an easy task. It is no easy task. 她不是个舞蹈家。 她算不上个舞蹈家。（跳舞还可以） 这不是一件容易的事。（客观评价） 这可不是一件轻而易举的事。（主观强调）

Both of the buildings are not big. Every word is not known. I don’t want everything. All that glitters is not gold. 两栋楼并非都大。 不是每个单词都认识。 我并不是什么都想要。 闪光的不都是金子。
否定句式的翻译


As evidence that the Earth’s atmosphere is warming continues to accumulate, /scientists are making slow progress toward an answer to the big question raised by the evidence:/ how much of the warming is due to human activity and how much to natural causes? The UN Intergovernmental Panel on climate change,/ the group of scientists widely considered the most authoritative voice on the subject,/ has already concluded that there is a “discernible human influence” on the global climate.
部分否定（partial negation)


All of the problems were not solved at the meeting. Each side of the streets is not clean. 并非所有的问题在会上都解决了。 街道两边不是都干净。
All, both, each, every, everybody, everyone, everything 等 在否定句中做主语时，表部分否定。常常译为“不 都……” “并非……”。


It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history. History and news become confused, and one’s impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism. (46)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-and perhaps never before has it served as much to connect different peoples and nations as is the recent events in Europe. 电视是引发和传递这些感受的手段之一——在欧 洲近来发生的事件中，它把不同的民族和国家连 到一起，其作用之大，前所未有。
And 在否定句中表部分否定；“不能/并非既… 又…”。or 在否定句中表完全否定，通常译成“既 不……也不……”



She couldn’t take off the time to see the doctor and to do the experiment. He did not care about time or money. 她抽不出时间既要看病又去做实验。（只能做 一样） 他不在乎时间也不在乎金钱。
否定转移


I don’t believe I have met you before. In neither case can they agree. The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it. 我以前好象没见过你。 在这两种情况下，他们都不会同意。 与其说海洋把世界分隔开来，不如说把世界连 接起来。




I can’t but say. What has he not suffered? The little bridge is anything but safe. You ought to know better than to do that sort of things. If only you had worked with great care! He is the last man to accept a bribe. it is a foolish bird that fouls its own nest.


Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
Not … other than 原义为“除了……就……”， 翻译成汉语的时候通常把它变成肯定句。 We do not like him other than now. 我们就喜欢他现在的样子。 It is +n.+that+否定从句：这种结构表示肯定， 翻译成“再……也会……” It is a wise man that never makes mistakes. 再聪明的人也会犯错误。 It is a good horse that never stumbles. 再好的马也会失蹄。


Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete complete in such a rich and hotlycontested market. (48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. 这一点就足以证明，要在电视行业里生存下来 并非易事。统计数字尤其说明了这一事实，在 80个欧洲电视网中，多达一半在1989年亏损 。
形式否定（一些固定搭配，实际表肯 定）



We cannot estimate the value of modern science too much. We cannot be too careful in doing experiments. Cannot too “无论怎样都不过分；越 越好”



专家说不管怎样，准确评价人类对气候的程度 尚有待时日。 人为因素主要来自二氧化碳等工业废气，这些 废气将热量阻挡在大气层内。 人为因素看来是在发生作用，但这一作用是大 是小，尚无定论。