句子成分专题讲解优秀课件

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谓语Predicate ❖说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征
和状态。
❖动词或动词词组在句中作谓语,一 般放在主语之后。
1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
He practices running every morning.
The plane took off at ten o’clock. 2、复合谓语: (1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词的各种 变形构成。如:
❖ 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动 名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示 。
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular。
(名词)
2.We often speak English in class.
They elected him their monitor.
❖ 只能接不定式做宾语 ask, agree, care, choose, demand, dare, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish, desire等, 如: He refused to lend me his bike.
❖由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容 词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来 担任。
1.They went to see an exhibition yesterday.
(名词)
2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.
(代词、动名词)
句子成分专题讲解优秀课件
Definition
构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分 .
主语Subject (S) 主要成分
谓语Predicate (V)
句子成分
宾语Object (O) 表语Predicative (P)
次要成分 定语Attribute
状语Adverbial 补足语
Object Complement (Oc)
We have eight lessons every day.
状语
宾语 补足语
修饰动词短语、形容词短语、副词 短语、分句以至句子,表示动作发 生的时间,地点,原因,目的,方
式,结果等
逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系
副词,介词短语或从句
形容词,名词,介词 短语等
He works very hard. They held a party in Hollywood.
用来修饰名词、代词或其他名词化 的词
名词、形容词、副词、 介词短语、不定式、动
词的-ing、从句
形,代,数,名, 副,介词短语或从句
We study in HuangQiao Middle School.
She is dancing under the tree.
Both of us like English. Her father is a chemist. His words sound reasonable.
(不定式短语)
6.I enjoy listening to popular music.
(动名词短语)
7.I think(that)he is fit for his office.
(宾语从句)
(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)
Lend me your dictionary, please.
To: write, tell, pass, give, send, promise, show hand, read, tell, bring, throw等,
You may keep the book for two weeks.
He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:
We are students. 注意:谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一 致(主谓一致)。
宾语Object
❖表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于 及物动词和介词后面。
3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.
(名词、数词)
4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday.
(名词化形容词,名词)
5.He pretended not to see me.
句子成分详解表
句子成分
意义
充当词类
例句
主语 谓语 宾语 表语 定语
句子叙述的主体,表示句子说的是 什么人或什么事
说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特 征和状态,说明主语做什么,是什
么或怎么样 表示动作行为的对象或承受者
名、代、数、名词化的 形容词、不定式、动名
词和从句 动词或动词词组
同主语
与联系动词连用,说明主语的身份、 性质、品性、特征和状态的
(名词化的形容词)
7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
(主语从句)
8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.
(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面 的不定式)
(代词)
3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.
(数词)
4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
(不定式)
5.Smoking does harm to the health.
(动名词)
6.The rich should help the poor.
He sent the novel to William yesterday.
For: leave, buy, build, choose, cook, draw, find, get, order, post, save等,
She bought a gift for her mother. (2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补)
She always keeps the house clean.
主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无!
主语Subject
❖ 是一个句子所叙述的主体,表示句子说的 是什么人或什么事,一般位于句首。
❖但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑 问词时)和ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้装句中,主语不放于句首, 而位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
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