考研英语二长难句讲解

考研英语（二）长难句讲解
lennials wanted more flexibility in their lives, "notes Tanya Michelsen, Associate Director of Youthsight, a UK-based brand manager that conducts regular 60-day surveys of British youth, in findings that might just as well apply to American youth.
【翻译】青春视野是一家位于英国的品牌公司，它定期对英国青年进行了60天的调查。

其副总监（联合董事）Tanya Michelsen在同样可能适用于美国青年的研究发现中指出，“千禧一代希望在生活中有更大的灵活性。

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2.Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas—city centres, “school streets”，even individual roads—are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance.
【翻译】限制高污染汽车驶入某些地区，——如市中心、学区街道等，甚至是个别道路，这一限制措施是因为我们没有付出更大努力来严格执行现有法规和要求汽车公司生产合格车辆。

3.Madrid’s back and forth on clean air is a pointed reminder of the limits to the patchwork，city-by-city approach that characterises efforts on air pollution across Europe, Britain very much included.
【翻译】马德里（西班牙政府）在治理空气问题上的反复不定，明确提醒人们整个欧洲（在很大程度上也包括英国）为努力治理空气污染所采取的逐个城市拼凑的方式是有其局限性的。

4.“We’d assumed we’d have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scent on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn’t necessary”，says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia，who helped with the research.
【翻译】参与这项研究的澳大利亚昆士兰大学（University of Queensland）的珍妮特•威尔斯（Janet Wiles）说：“我们本以为我们必须给它一个活动的头部和尾部、面部特征，并在上面放上一种气味，让它闻起来像只真正的老鼠，但这些是毫无必要的。

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5.Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation，including what is referred to as direct reciprocity——where a rat will help another rat that has previously helped them, says Quinn.
【翻译】奎恩说，研究已经表明老鼠会进行多种形式的相互帮助和合作，包括所谓的直接互惠——老鼠会帮助以前帮助过它们的另一只老鼠。

6. The strategy also aims to ensure that carbon in woody material removed from the forests is locked away in the form of solid lumber or burned as biofuel
in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels.
【翻译】该战略还旨在确保从森林中移除的木质材料中的碳，以实木的形式被封存起来，或者在原本使用化石燃料的车辆中作为生物燃料燃烧掉。

7. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum.
【翻译】强迫学生在一张布满涂鸦并粘有几届学生丢弃口香糖的书桌上学习几何学，这是毫无必要的。

8. While younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities in both groups believe those“just getting started out in life” face a tougher climb than earlier generations in reaching such signpost achievements as securing a good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.
【翻译】虽然年轻人比他们的长辈对今天开始工作的人的前景有些乐观，但这两个群体中的大多数人都认为，那些“刚刚开始生活”的人在取得诸如获得一份报酬丰厚的工作、组建家庭、管理债务等路标成就方面，面临着比前几代人更艰难的攀登，找到经济适用房。

9. They're part of a bunch of celebrities starring in a new video for World Environment Day——encouraging you, the consumer, to swap out your
single-use plastic staples to combat the plastics crisis.
【翻译】他们是为世界环境日（World Environment Day）拍摄的一段新视频中的一批明星中的一员，这段视频鼓励你，消费者，用你的一次性塑料主食来应对塑料危机。

10. There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work—be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task；developing a daily ritual; or taking a “journalistic”approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day.
【翻译】掌握深作品的艺术有很多方法，比如专注于某一特定任务的长时间静修；制定日常仪式；或者在一天中尽可能抓住深作品的瞬间，采取“新闻”方法。

11. On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that，while he was a good observer，he had no power of reasoning.
【翻译】另一方面，他不接受一些批评他的人的指控，尽管他是一个好的观察者，但他没有推理能力。

12. He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.
【翻译】他认为，这一困难可能有一个补偿的好处，那就是迫使他对每一句话都进行长时间、专注的思考，从而使他能够发现推理和自己观察中的错误。

13. Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.
【翻译】达尔文深信，失去这些品味不仅是失去了快乐，而且可能损害智力，更可能损害道德品质。

14. He asserts, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.
【翻译】他还声称，他遵循一个漫长而纯粹抽象的思路的能力是非常有限的，因此他确信他在数学方面永远不会成功。

15. He adds humbly that perhaps he was superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.【翻译】他谦虚地补充说，也许他比一般人更善于注意那些容易逃避注意的事情，并能仔细观察。

16. Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society.
【翻译】沃尔夫对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣，他提出了语言结构决定社会习惯思维结构的观点。

17.The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.
【翻译】这些新描述的语言往往与欧洲和东南亚研究得很好的语言截然不同，以至于一些学者甚至指责博阿斯和萨皮尔编造了他们的数据。

18. We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.
【翻译】我们感谢他们，因为这些语言中的一些已经消失，因为说这些语言的民族已经灭绝或被同化，失去了他们的母语。

19. Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form,states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.
【翻译】沃尔夫开始相信一种语言决定论，其最强烈的形式是，语言禁锢心灵，语言中的语法模式可以对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。

20. The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.
【翻译】希腊人认为语言的结构与思维过程有某种联系，在人们意识到语言的多样性之前很久，思维过程就在欧洲扎根了。