最新必修五 unit1英语导学案及答案

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必修5英语Unit;1第一课时导学案

必修5英语Unit;1第一课时导学案warming up and pre-reading【学习目标】1.了解词的构成;驾驭重点词的用法.2. 了解一些宏大的科学家和他们的成就【课前自学】task1：查字典,了解以下词的词性改变,并写出其正确形式.1. character _________________(n.特征；特性)2. paint _____________(n.画家；油漆匠)3. science ________________(adj.科学的)_______________(n.科学家)4. vi. 完毕，推断出________________ n. 结论；完毕__________________5. vt.分析________________; n.分析_________________; adj.分析的________________ 6. n.物理______________; n.物理学家______________; adj.身体的________________; n.内科医生______________7. vt.暴露,揭露______________;(n.)___________________8. vt.污染,弄脏_________________;________________(n.)9. vt.宣布，通告________________;________________(n.); _________________n.播音员10. vt. 吩咐，指示________________ n. 吩咐，指示，用法说明_________________ adj. 有教益的_________________11. adj.有责任的,负责的_______________; (adv.)_________________; (n.)____________12.vt.建立,修建________________;n.___________________; adj.___________13. vt.捐献,奉献________________;n.______________________14. create vt. ; ________________(n.);_________________(adj.)15. adj.踊跃的,确定的_______________; (反义词)___________________16. adj.热忱的，热心的_________________ n.____________________课堂学习：1.finish the warming-up quiz on page 1.2.after all the ten questions, then lead in the passagewith a picture. ask ss if they know the map and what it is used for.3. please list some important qualities that make a good scientist. three at least.学问点拨：1. 提出; 引荐; 拨快搭配：put oneself /sth forward 自荐或引荐某人为某职位的候选人put sth. fo rward 提前，把时钟往前拨；提出例句：shall we put him forward as the candidate for chairman of the committee?运用：(1)他提出了一个更好的打算。

第一学期人教版高二英语必修5第一单元(Book 5) Unit 1 学案含答案

Unit 1 Great scientists (Book 5 )Period 1 Reading: John Snow Defeats“King Cholera”：________ Group：No：2.Read the passage and learn something about how John Snow defeated cholera. Learning Key Points：1. Learn reading skill: Scanning and skimming2. Know about how John Snow defeated cholera.Learning Difficult Points：Improve the reading abilityLearning Procedures：I.【Pre-class homework】A. Try to get the main idea of the text.Who: ________________What: ________________When: ________________How: __________________________________________________Step1. Lead-inStep2. Group discussionSs discuss their pre-class homework in groupStep3 Consolidation:A.Reading comprehension1. John Snow became inspired when ________.B.he became a well-known doctor in LondonC.he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babiesD.he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to choleraE.he found the cause of cholera and defeated “King Cholera”2.The reason why John Snow used the map in his research was that with its help_______.A.he wouldn’t lose his wayB.he could find out the houses in Broad Street and Cambridge Street easilyC.he could find out what caused the outbreak of choleraD.he could find out how many people died3.Why did such houses as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street have nodeaths? Because_______.A.people there were given free beer and they had not drunk the water from the BroadStreet pumpB.people there had known that the water was polluted by the dirty water from London.C.the disease began to slow down in Broad Street and Cambridge StreetD.people in these families were much stronger than those near the Broad Street pump4.The following measures should be taken to prevent cholera except_________.A.always drinking beerB.instructing the water companies not to expose people to polluted water any moreC.examining all water suppliesD.finding new methods of dealing with polluted water5.What made John Snow find the cause of cholera?A.Queen Victoria’s order.B.His wife’s death.C.Kindness, carefulness and good observation.D.Strong determination, patience and selfishness.B. Complete the blanks.Cholera was the deadly disease in London in 1. ___________ middle of the 19th century. Once it broke out, thousands of 2. _____________ (terrify) people died. John Snow, a famous doctor at the time, decided to challenge 3. _________________.4. ____________ that time, there were two main ideas about cholera. One was that cholera5. _____________ (multiply) in the air and a strange floating could with it attacked its victims. The other was that people absorbed the disease6. _____________ their bodies with their meals. John Snow agreed with the second one,7. ______________ he needed evidence.Another outbreak hit London in 1854, 8. _______________ again killed many people. John Snow was determined to find out the reason. After looking into the cause carefully, he concluded with 9. ________________ (certain) that the drinking water polluted by dirty water from London was 10.________________ (blame).Step4．PresentationStep5．SummaryKeys:A.Read the passage and write down the main idea of each paragraph.Try to get the main idea of the text.Who: John SnowWhat: defeated King choleraWhen: in the 19th centuryHow: through a scientific researchC C A A CComplete the blanks.1. the2. terrified3. it4. At5. multiplied6. into7. but8. which9. certainty 10. to blamePeriod 2 Language points in Reading 1：__________ Group：No：______2. Learn the important useful sentences and patterns.3. Make sentences after the useful expressions.Learning Key Points：Grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions.Learning Difficult Points：Understand some difficult and long sentences.Learning Procedures：Ⅰ.【Pre-class homework】A. Phrases1. 提出2. 得出结论3. 护理某人，照料某人4. 暴露于……5. 私人医生6. 致命的疾病7. 面对挑战8. 解决问题9. 收集信息10. 决心做某事11. 有价值的线索12. 水泵13. 做进一步的调查14. 调查15. 减缓，慢下来16. 将A与B联系起来17. 死于霍乱18. 肯定地宣布19. 阻止某事再次发生20. 命令某人做某事B. Make sentences using the following words1. attend2. expose to3. cure4. challenge5. contribute6. suspect7. blame8. link…toⅡ.【While-class】Step1. Lead-inStep2. Group discussionStep3．Consolidation1. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.翻译：______________________________________________________________________ 仿写：你和我都不是电脑高手。

必修5unit1Great Scientists导学案及答案

Unit 1 Great scientists1.cure [kjuə]词形变化: cureless, curer, cured, cured, curing, cures1. n在表示不同意思时，需接不同的介词：①表示“治疗或纠正的东西或方法”时，cure后常接介词for。

There is no effective cure for colds except rest.除了多休息，没有有效的方法可以治疗感冒。

②表示“治疗或纠正”时，cure后常接介词of。

The cure of his headache was soon effected.对他的头疼的治疗很快就见效了。

2. v. 治愈，治疗，纠正When I left the hospital, I______________________.出院时，我完全痊愈了。

【词义辨析】cure, treat, healcure: 主要指治愈疾病。

（结果）cure sb of sth (疾病)treat: 普通用词，指接受并诊治病人。

（过程）treat sb for sth (疾病)heal: 侧重指治愈伤口、伤痛如灼伤等。

heal one’s wound2.suspect词形变化: suspected ,suspected, suspecting, suspectssuspect (v).①怀疑I suspect he was lying by the boy's abnormal behavior.从那个男孩的反常举动中，我怀疑他在撒谎。

Just at that time, I began to suspect ______________________that matter.只是在那个时候，我开始怀疑是否应该告诉她那件事。

②猜想She has more intelligence than we suspected her to possess.她的智慧比我们猜想的要高。

人教版英语必修五UNIT1导学案

必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists 导学案教学目标：能力目标（Ability aim）1.To activate the students’ knowledge about great scientists in the world and their achievements.2 .To get the students understand the spirit of science.3.To enable students to communicate with each other and improve students’ language expression ability.语言目标（Language aim）1. Important words: engine, characteristic, radium, enthusiastic, cautious, spin, instruct, attend, cure, severe, reject.2.Important sentences:be absorbed in, expose to ,face the challenge ,gather information ,be determined to ,the cause of ,look into ,slow down ,supporting evidence ,die of ,draw a conclusion , In addition, link to , absorb into , to blame, handle from, lead to, make sense,自主学习一 Review the following words and phrases(翻译)1 try this quiz____________ 9 mark____________________2 discover________________ 10 attack___________________3 lift up_________________ 11 evidence_______________4 invent__________________ 12 hit________________5 instrument____________ 13 be determined to____________6 become inspired_________________ 14 source___________________7 terrify_________________ 15 deliver__________________8 multiply_______________ 16 prevent … from…_______二Important words(重点词汇)1.______________vt.＆vi. 结束；推断出→________________n.2.______________vt.＆n. 打败，战胜；失败→______________(同义词)3.______________vt. 照顾，护理；出席，参加4.______________vt. 暴露；揭露5.______________vt.＆n. 向----挑战6.______________vt.＆n. 治愈，治疗；痊愈7.______________vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心8.______________adj. 致命的；完全的；充满仇恨的；如死一样的9.______________ vt. 怀疑→__________adj 怀疑的-→___________n.嫌疑犯10_____________vt. 污染，弄脏→____________n.﹝u﹞污染11_____________vt.＆n. 责备，谴责12_____________vt. 宣布；通告→_______________n. 宣布13_____________vt.＆vi. 捐献，捐助；贡献→_______________n.捐献，贡献14_____________vt. 命令；指示；教导→____________n.命令；指示→__________n. 指南；使用说明15__________n.＆vt. 把手；处理三Important phrases(重点短语)1.提出_______________ 8.be absorbed in_____________2得出结论__________________ 9.be to blame _______________ 3分析结果______________________ 10.link...to_________________ 4找支持性证据____________ 11.set out _________________ 5照料；对付____________________6使显露；暴露 ______________7治愈某人的…，改掉某人的…__________________合作探究四． Warming Up 、Pre-reading＆Reading1. Do you know some great scientists? Finish the quiz in Warming UP(请自己完成热身部分的10个问题)2.Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research?Setting out a new scientific idea needs many stages.Here are some stages in an experiment,please put them in a reasonable order.（得出一个新的科学观点需要过程，下面是在实验中所需的几个过程，请合理排列它们的顺序。

必修五 unit1英语导学案及答案资料

(1) What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．John Snow was a famous doctor in London.
B．The reason that caused the deadly disease cholera.
C．John Snow solved the problem of cholera.
C．They didn’t absorb the dangerous air. D．They suffered no germs at all.
(4) Which of the two theories that John Snow was interested in was true finally?
◆Through a series of study he found (4)________ was to blame for the spread of cholera and it was spread by (5)________．
Facts about
cholera
◆Cholera was the most deadly disease at that time and (6)________ people died when it broke out.
C．Water in a certain pump in London.D．A river polluted by the dirty water.
(3) Why did No.21 Broad Street in London have no deaths?
A．The people just drank the water from the pump. B．They drunk beer as well as water from the pump.

高二英语人教版必修五第一单元学案设计+答案

断定，推断出结束；终止一、词汇变形Book5 Unit1 Great Scientists 词汇导学案1. paint (v. & n.)颜料 --- painter (n.) 画家2. science(n.)科学--- scientific (adj.) 科学的---scientifically(adv.)---scientist (n.) 科学家3. conclude (v.) 推断出---conclusion (n.) 结论---conclusive adj. 结论性的4. analyse (v.) 分析 --- analysis (n.)5. physician (n.) 医生--- physical (adj.) 身体的---physically (adv.)6.attend(v.出席，照顾)---attendance （n ）出席人数---attendant (n.)服务员7. announce(v.)通知 -- announcement (n.) 8. certain (adj.) --- u ncertain(adj.)不确定的 ---certainty (n.)确实9. construct (v.) 建设 -- construction (n.)10. contribute (v. )贡献 -- contribution (n.)11. caution (n.) 谨慎 -- cautious (adj.)二、重点单词12. responsible (adj.)负责的---responsibly(adv.) ----respond(v.)反应---response(n.) --- responsibility(n.) 责任 13. instruct (v. )指导，命令--- instructive (adj. ) 提供知识的；有益的--- instruction (n.) 14. move(v.)---movement (n.)运动15.bright(adj.)---brightness(n.)---brighten(v) 16. private(adj.)私人的 ---privately ---privacy(n.)隐私17.enthusiastic(adj.)---enthusiasm(n.)热情18.pollute(v.)---pollution(n.)---pollutant(n.)19.dead (adj.) 死的--- die (v.) ---death (n.) ---deadly (adj.) 致命的 20.challenge(v.) ---- c hallenging(adj.)挑战的 1. conclude vt .& vi . 断定，推断；使结束，终止 n. conclusionconclude...by doing/with... 以……结束 conclude *He concluded his speech by wishing everyone a safe trip home.conclude...from... 从…中推断conclusion n. 结束，结尾（=end ） bring …to a conclusion结论，推论 in conclusion(=to conclude=finally) 最后 make a conclusion 下结论arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论(1)Let me ___ _(用一句谚语结束我的演讲)where there is a will ，there is a way.(2)After waiting for half an hour ，I ___ (得出结论，他不会来了)． (3) (最后)，I would like to thank you for your coming to meeting.2. attend vt. &vi. 出席；参加；照料，护理，上学attend a lecture /a party /a meeting / an interview attend school Dr. Smith attended her in hospital. attend to 照料(tend, take care of) Nurses are busy attending to the wounded.处理 (deal with/handle) *I have something important to attend to .接待 (serve) Excuse me, sir. Are you being attended to ?1) *欢迎对这个话题感兴趣的任何人听这一讲座。

英语必修5人教新课标Unit 1同步单词详解导学案及练习(含答案)

英语必修5人教新课标Unit 1同步单词详解导学案（3）及练习（含答案）必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists（续）12. make sense讲得通；有道理；有意义(反义词组make no sense)Your story doesn’t make sense to me.你编的故事我听不明白。

It makes good sense to take good care of your health.照顾好你的身体是明智的。

联想拓展lose/recover one’s sense=be out of one’s sense失去/恢复知觉;丧失/恢复理智bring sb. to one’s sense 使某人苏醒过来come to one’s sense 苏醒过来make sense of 理解；明白make no sense 没有道理；没有意义in a/one sense 从某种意义来说in all sense 从任何意义上说in no sense 绝不是；绝非There is no sense in doing sth.做某事没有道理。

高手过招单项填空①What he says makes no to her.（2010·01·山东济南模块检测）A. CareB. senseC. InterestD. meaning②The poem is hard to understand. Can you make of this poem? （2010·01·辽宁大连检测）A. IdeaB. knowledgeC. SenseD. Understanding解析: ①选B。

make sense为固定搭配，意思是“起作用，有意义”。

②选C。

make sense of sth.“理解或弄懂困难的或无法理解的事物”。

另外，sense还可作动词，意为“意识到(某事物)；感觉到”。

必修五Unit1导学案讲解教案

乡宁职中二年级英语教学设计课题M5U1问题导学方案习题讲解课型习题课课时时间教师学习目标1. To improve doing exercise’s skills2. To classify the comprehension test into different groups.3. To encourage students to set a notebook for mistakes.学习重点Grasp the key points and important grammar.学习难点1. The long passage and the fear of reading them.2. The drills of language comprehension may frustrate the students.3. The grammar in the error-correcting.教学方法自主学习，小组合作探究，教师释疑教学用具blackboard, PPT, chalk, book 导语设计重复是学习之母，要想取得好的成绩，我们就要不断地返回头复习，力争记住的更多，遗忘的更少，为美好的明天奠定坚实的基础。

教学流程Step1.Greeting and leading-inGreet everyone as usualStep2. Free-topicStep3. discussion and explanation学生讨论，公布习题答案，统一后组内解决个别学生的疑问。

并归纳组内存在的无法解决的难题。

教师释疑Ⅰ：单选选择1.They might just have a place ________ on the writing course—why don’t you give it a try?A．leave B．leftC．leaving D．to leave【解析】B。

本题考查对动词形式的选用。

外研高中英语必修五module one 第一单元导学案(3)

Book 5 Module 1 British and American EnglishPeriod 3 ----- Reading & Vocabulary★练习案：温故而知新1. Clearly he is from New Y ork: He speaks with a New Y ork _____________.（口音）2. What we _______ _______ _____________ is that we both like hip-hop music. （共同点）3. He seems to have recovered a lot, as he can _______ _______ in the yard. (四处走走)4. If you ask me, I am ______ ____________ ______ Jack’s opinion. (同意)5. Please q_____________ here. Y ou are not supposed to move around. (排队)★探究案一、Reading and Comprehension 阅读课文第五段做第三页的练习1. __________2. __________3. __________4. __________5. __________6. __________二、语言点探究本句关键词是it，它的功能是作形式宾语，真正宾语为for …to understand each other。

【练习1】划出下面句子的形式宾语与真正宾语。

They consider it their duty to speak to his parents.This made it necessary for agriculture and industry to develop very rapidly. Haven’t I made it clear that you mustn’t spit everywhere?【练习2】完成下面句子Haywood _______________________（发现…很难）to explain his beliefs to Philip.He ______________________(说明) why he didn’t come on time.I’ll appreciate ____________________ you can lend me your bike.I hate __________________ you shout into the telephone.Y ou may depend on ________________ that all the goods will be shipped abroad in time.A. whichB. itC. whomD. these此处where引导地点状语从句。

牛津译林版英语必修五Unit1导学案

M5U1 Getting along with others一、课前自主预习——课文重建根据本单元reading 课文在下面短文空格中填入所缺单词（每空一词）。

Dear Sarah,You have every right to feel _________ by your friend if she did tell your secrets to others, but it seems unlikely that she did. You say that you are best friends; well, best friends talk about their problems and try to solve them. If she is a good friend, you should___________ for blaming her.If you still have doubts, you should think about why you don’t believe her. Was it because you were ashamed of your______ or your behavior? Did you feel jealous of your friend’s mark? If so, the problem lies with you, not her. Try not to sound too ______ of yourself when discussing your marks in front of others. However, if you feel that she is very bad at keeping ________ and likes to embarrass you in public, you had better find a new friend.Dear Andrew,It seems you need to apologize quickly to avoid losing a good friend! Don’t forget that some things are important to people, even when they don’t shout about them. The _______was probably very important to Matthew and he felt ______ about losing, and bad about not being as gifted at football as you are.A football team needs all the players to work together and help each other. Each player should play to their strengths. Shouting at your teammate was unfair and just made him feel worse. Although you both said ________ things to each other, one of you has to be first to say sorry. Don’t be stubborn.You say that your __________ is as important as football. Well, then you should be __________ to get your friendship back. Don’t let a small disagreement ruin your friendship. Do not delay. Talk to your friend and I’m sure that before long, you’ll be back playing football together.二、课内合作探究I、考点导练一、根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。

必修5 Unit 1 导学案(11)

M5 Unit 1导学案（11）Revise the important phrases in this unit.与……交朋友make friends with 与…….相处得好get along well with 一定for sure 提前，事先in advance决定做某事be determined to do sth. 不应怀疑no doubt成功make it 因为……而责备blame…for…守信keep one’s word 赶上，想出come up with由于as a result of 高兴起来cheer up因为……向某人道歉apologize to sb for sth. 而不是rather t han毫不犹豫without hesitation 禁不住做某事can’t help doing 对……感到羞愧be shamed of 对。

感到自豪be proud of处于麻烦中in trouble 在公共场所in public不久以后before long 如果这样的话if so使灰心discourage…from doing… 不管，不顾regardless of Choose the best answer.1.– How are you getting_____ your English?– Not bad! I got 92 in the last exam.A. along well withB. along wellC. on well withD. on with2. It was such a good film that I think it worth ______ a second time.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. being seen3. It’s two years ______ we became friends.A. beforeB. untilC. sinceD. when4. She can’t help ______ the house because she’s busy making a cake.A. to cleanB. cleaningC. cleanedD. being cleaned5. What made the boy who came from Australia _______ he was not welcome here?A. thinkB. thoughtC. thinkingD. to think6. I found a piece of paper on my desk, _______ “ Stupid Sarah got a D!”A. saidB. which sayingC. sayD. saying7. I still don’t know why she stopped me ________ me such a strange question.A. askB. to askC. askingD. from asking8. ______ his hard work, he was admitted to Nanjing University.A. In spite ofB. As a result ofC. In place ofD. Instead of9. I can’t stand______ at by others in public.A. being laughedB. to be laughedC. laughingD. to laugh10. You’d better apologize ______ your teacher _______ being late again.A. to; forB. for; toC. /; forD. to; for11. Lily finally admitted _____ my umbrella by mistake.A. to takeB. to have takenC. having takenD. have taken12. The mother didn’t know who ______ for broken glass.A. will blameB. was to blameC. blamedD. blames13. There is no doubt ______ he’s an honest boy, so there is no doubt _____ his honesty.A. whether; forB. that; ofC. what; aboutD. why; of14. I looked at him in _____, I didn’t expec t to see him again in such an occasion.A. publicB. personC. secretD. surprise15. –I’m sorry, but I didn’t mean _______ out your secret.-But you know, letting out secret means _______ one’s feelings.A. to let; to hurtB. letting; hurtingC. to let;hurtingD. letting; to hurt 高考早训练Japanese doctors have used thin sheets of tissue from people’s cheeks to repair damaged corneas (角膜). A team from Osaka University transplanted thin layers of cheek cells onto the eyes of four patients with a rare and painful eye condition, reports BBC online. Patients whose vision had been cloudy could see well afterwards, and the “new corneas” remained clear more than a year after the operation.Doctors can also take cells from a healthy eye and grow them in a dish to produce a new cornea, or they can transplant corneas from donors. But these techniques may not work when both eyes are too badly damaged by accident or disease.The team hopes their work may help solve the problem and lead to other types of grow-your-own tissue transplants. The cornea is the clear layer of cells on the surface of the eye. It can be damaged by trauma (外伤) or by a range of diseases.The team worked with four patients who had a painful condition that caused cloudy corneas and dry eyes. Often the eye can regenerate cornea cells but none of the four patients had this ability. The researchers took a 3 mm-wide square of tissue from inside the mouth (cheeks) and grew it into a thin layer in the lab. They used a special low-temperature technique to separate a very thin sheet off each batch (组). They then laid that onto the patient’s eye. The cell layers stuck onto the eye and developed into tissue that looked and acted like a healthy cornea.However, long-term follow-up and experience with a large series of patients are needed to assess th e benefits and risks of this method. “Yet, it does offer the potential of treating severe eye diseases that are resistant to standard approaches,” said the head of the research, Kohji Nishida.68. Now doctors can repair the damaged corneas with the following methods EXCEPT ________.A. using mouth tissueB. taking cells from a healthy eye and growing them in a dishC. transplanting corneas from another personD. using finger tissue69. If both eyes are too badly damaged, we can treat them ______.A. only by using mouth tissueB. by taking cells from a healthy eye and growing them in a dishC. by transplanting healthy corneas from donorsD. by none of the mentioned methods70. We can infer from the passage that ______.A. the new technique can be widely used in the operationsB. the new technique needs to be further testedC. the new technique has more benefits than risksD. any new technique has risks71. Which of the following is the best title?A. A New Invention on Eye Protection.B. A New Technique about Eyes.C. Mouth Tissue Can Restore Your Vision.D. Transplanting Can Restore Your Vision.。

高中人教版英语必修5学案：Unit 1 Section Ⅰ 含答案

malaria ( 疟疾 ). “Artemisinin is a gift for the world people from the traditional Chinese medicine”. It is of great importance for curing malaria and other infectious diseases and for protecting the health of the world people.
He became interested in two theories that⑮ possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied⑯ in the air. A cloud of⑰ dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims⑱. The second suggested that people absorbed⑲ this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected⑳ person died.
Ⅰ.重点单词 1．defeat (vt.)打败；战胜；使受挫 (n.)失败 2．expert (adj.)熟练的；经验或知识丰富的 (n.)专家；行家 3．attend (vt.)照顾；护理；出席；参加 4．expose (vt.)暴露；揭露；使曝光 5．cure (n.)治愈；痊愈 (vt.)治愈；治疗 6．suspect (vt.)认为；怀疑 (n.)被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 7．handle (n.)柄；把手 (vt.)处理；操纵 8．link (vt.&n.)连接；联系 9．blame (vt.)责备；谴责；把……归咎于 (n.)过失；责备 10．victim (n.)受害者 11．characteristic (n.)特征；特性→character (n.)(事物的)特性；性质；(人的)品质；性格

高中人教版英语必修5学案：Unit 1 Section Ⅱ 含答案

①revolutionary 革的
adj. 革命的；重大变
②Nicolaus Copernicus ['nIkə lə s kə ʊ 'pɜ ː nIkə s] 尼古拉·哥白尼(波兰
天文学家) ③confused adj. 困惑的；烦恼的 ④lead to 通向；导致 ⑤the solar system 太阳系 ⑥only 后接 if 引导的状语从句，主句使用部分倒装。
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lie vi. (lay, lain) 躺
adj. 热情的；热心的
[第 4 段译文] 1514 年，哥白尼私下里给他的朋友们看了他的新理论。他对旧理论所做的改动是革命性的。他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动，只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。他还认为，地球在围绕太阳运转的同时也在自转，这就解释了行星运行和星体亮度上的变化。他的朋友都热情高涨，鼓励他把他的想法公之于世，而哥白尼却小心谨慎。他不想遭到基督教教会的攻击，所以他直到 1543 年临终之前才公布了这一观点。
Earlybird
晨鸟教育
planets in the sky make sense. 只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说
得清楚。 2 ． He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system
with_the_planets_going_round it and only the moon still going round the earth.
Earlybird
晨鸟教育
们认为上帝创造了世界，正是由于这个原因，地球才是特殊的，而且一定是太阳系的中心。
The problem arose ⑪ because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward⑫ and then go forward in a loop⑬. Others appeared brighter at times⑭ and less bright at others⑮. This was very strange if⑯ the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round⑰ it.