计划生育利弊(英文版)

1，具体数字说明老龄化的严重以及对社会经济的影响。

When the one child policy was carried out 30 years ago, it said that after 30 years the intense increasing population would be slow down, and then a new population policy would be needed. Actually, the population was well-controlled during these 30 years. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the total fertility rate in China was 1.34 in 2005 and 1.44 in 2010, which means we are facing serious baby bust. At the same time, the elderly population surges quickly. It takes most of the developed countries more than 45 years for the proportion of their elderly populations over 65 increasing from 7% to 14%. It took France 130 years, 85 years for Sweden, about 79 years for Australia and the US. Thanks to the Family Planning Policy, it took China only 27 years to complete this process. By 2030, the number of people who are more than 60 years old will up to 0.355 billion. Our process goes too fast that it caused many problems.

So we need flexible policy to deal with the birth of the second child.

2，独生子女的弊端，需要放宽二胎政策的必要性。

Now parents of the first generation of the only-children are stepping into old age. China is entering a “4-2-1 Family” era, four seniors, one couple, and one child, a perfect "Inverted Pyramid" model. In this bizarre “4-2-1” pattern, with parents above, and the only child below, the young generation is trapped in the middle layer, known as “the generation of sandwich”. Besides, once the seniors had an accident, the child may not be able to take care of them in time. And if the child had an accident such as Wenchuan Earthquake, it would be a total loss for the whole family and no one could take care of the family instead.

In the new policy in many provinces, the couples who are both the only-child could have two children. It was a necessary amendment to reduce the heavy burdens of the family.

3、旧政策以偏概全，没有照顾到农村劳动力及少数民族保护问题，新政策具体问题具体分析，更加合理和人性化

One child policy was not suitable for all situations, for some special group of people, we need different flexible policy. As the new policy in Anhui and Jilin, for the couples who are both agricultural residents and their first child is a girl, they are permitted to have a second child. It can solve the problem of lacking in workforce in rural family. With poor economy and low development, they depend more on the number of labor in a family.

For ethnic minorities, we should help to keep and develop their culture, and the one child policy to them would only make the ethnic minorities dying out. Now, in many provinces, the couples who are both ethnic minorities could have two children, which will protect the ethnic diversity inherit their culture.

The new policy in Zhejiang province also set that if one of the couple have worked in underground mine for more than 5 years and will continue do it, they could have a second child if the first one is a girl. It is more