动词时态语态虚拟语气主谓一致
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动词时态
现在
过去
将来
Fra Baidu bibliotek
过去将来
一般
do/does
did
will/shall do
would/ should
进行
am/is/are will/shall would/ was/were doing be doing should doing be doing
现在 完成
过去
将来
过去将来
have/has will/shall would/ had done should done have have done done
现在/ 3. 现在/过去完成时的用法 (1)在 (1)在“It/This is the best/worst/most interesting+名词 that…”中 名词+ interesting+名词+that…”中，从句用现 在完成时。 在完成时。 (2)在 that…”中 (2)在“It/This is the first/last time that…”中， 从句用现在完成时。 从句用现在完成时。 (3)在 (3)在“It was the first time that sb. had done” 主句一般过去时，that引导的从句 中,主句一般过去时，that引导的从句 用过去完成时。 用过去完成时。 (4)hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean=intend, (4)hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean=intend, suppose等的过去完成时的含义指 等的过去完成时的含义指“ suppose等的过去完成时的含义指“过 去没有实现的愿望、计划” 去没有实现的愿望、计划”。含失望 的感情色彩。 的感情色彩。
Eg. This is the most interesting book that I ___(read). We _____(hope) that you would be able to visit us, but you did not. It was the first time that we ____(travel) together. She _____(think) of paying us a visit, but was prevented from doing so.
A 1. Make sure that you ____ all the windows when you leave the home . A.shut B.will shut C.have shut D.would shut B 2. Edison ____ questions, ____ made his teacher very angry. A.always asked;that B.was always asking;which C.always asks;which D.had always asked;that C 3. The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it. A. was to travel B. had been traveling C. was traveling D. traveled
1. Do let your mother know all the truth. She D appears ____ everything . A.to tell B.to be told C.to be telling D.to have been told
B 2. The new suspension bridge ____ by the end of last month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C.was designed D. would be designed A 3. Books of this kind ____ well. A. sell B. sells C. are sold
(5)用在“ sooner…than”和 (5)用在“no sooner…than”和 用在 hardly/scarcely…when”（ “hardly/scarcely…when”（一 …就…） 从句用一般过去时。 中，从句用一般过去时。 sooner/hardly/scarcely放句首 放句首， no sooner/hardly/scarcely放句首，要倒装 eg. We had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. We had hardly reached home when it began to rain. 他一进办公室，电话就响了。（倒装） 。（倒装 他一进办公室，电话就响了。（倒装） Hardly had he entered the office when the phone rang.
动词语态
一般 现在
进行
完成
am/is/are asked was/were asked shall/will be asked should/would be asked
过去
am/is/are being asked was/were being asked
have/been asked had been asked shall/will have been asked should/would have been asked
将来
过去 将来
1.say,believe,report,announce,suppose,know, 1.say,believe,report,announce,suppose,know, consider,hope等以it作形式主语时用 等以it consider,hope等以it作形式主语时用 被动语态，后接that从句。 that从句 被动语态，后接that从句。如： 据说我们足球队赢得了比赛。 据说我们足球队赢得了比赛。 It is said that our football team has won the game.= Our football team is said to have won the game.
不及物动词， 2. 不及物动词，包括不及物动词用的 短语动词， 短语动词，如take place, appear, happen, occur,belong to, return, break of不用被动 不用被动。 out,rise,consist of不用被动。所有的联 系动词， 系动词，如： taste,look,sound,prove,taste,wear不用被 taste,look,sound,prove,taste,wear不用被 动语态 这菜尝起来可口。 这菜尝起来可口。 The dish tastes delicious.
(5)come,go,leave,start,arrive,fly等动词后， (5)come,go,leave,start,arrive,fly等动词后， come,go,leave,start,arrive,fly等动词后 用现在进行时表示将来。 用现在进行时表示将来。 sure后接 (6)在短语make (6)在短语make sure, see (to) it, be sure后接 在短语 从句，用一般现在时表将来。 从句，用一般现在时表将来。 eg.My mother ___(leave) for Beijing tomorrow. eg.Make sure all the windows ___(close) before you leave. eg.See to it that the door ___(fasten) before you go to bed.
D. is sold
4. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further C we go, _____. A. our holiday will be better B. our holiday will be the better C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be 5. ---How are you today? D ---Oh, I ___ as ill as I do now for a very long time. A. didn’t feel B. wasn’t feeling C. don’t feel D. haven’t felt
3.用非谓语的主动表示被动 3.用非谓语的主动表示被动 require,deserve后用动名词 (1)want,need, require,deserve后用动名词 的主动形式。 的主动形式。如： 学生们需要照料。 学生们需要照料。 The student needs/wants/requires looking after. (2)形容词worth后用动名词主动表示被 形容词worth (2)形容词worth后用动名词主动表示被 动。如： The book is well worth reading.
4. 现在完成进行时的用法 结构： 结构： doing,表示现在以前一 have/has been doing,表示现在以前一 直在进行的动作。 直在进行的动作。如： 已写完 I have written a letter. I have been writing a letter. 还在写 注意： 注意：短暂动词 (finish,marry,get up,come,go等 不能用这种时态。 up,come,go等)不能用这种时态。
6. I thought Jim would say something about his C school report, but he ___ it. A. doesn’t mention B. hadn’t mentioned C. didn’t mention D. hasn’t mentioned 7. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to B be watered if they ____. A. had survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive
完成进行
have/has been doing
would/ have will/shall should been have been have doing doing been doing
1. 一般将来时的用法 (1)will/shall (1)will/shall + 动词原形 (2)be 不定式, (2)be going to + 不定式,表示打算准备要 做的事或肯定要发生的事。 做的事或肯定要发生的事。Eg. How are you going to spend your holiday? (3)be +不定式 不定式, (3)be about to +不定式,表示即将发生的 动作。 动作。 (4)be +不定式 不定式, (4)be to +不定式,表示计划中的义务要 做的事，含有“不得不”强制意义。 做的事，含有“不得不”强制意义。 Eg. The president of America is to visit China next month.
2. 现在进行时的用法 现在进行时与always, 现在进行时与always, continually, forever等频度副词连用 等频度副词连用， constantly, forever等频度副词连用， 表示赞叹、厌烦等感情色彩。 表示赞叹、厌烦等感情色彩。 eg. They ___ forever ___(quarrel) about something.
现在
过去
将来
Fra Baidu bibliotek
过去将来
一般
do/does
did
will/shall do
would/ should
进行
am/is/are will/shall would/ was/were doing be doing should doing be doing
现在 完成
过去
将来
过去将来
have/has will/shall would/ had done should done have have done done
现在/ 3. 现在/过去完成时的用法 (1)在 (1)在“It/This is the best/worst/most interesting+名词 that…”中 名词+ interesting+名词+that…”中，从句用现 在完成时。 在完成时。 (2)在 that…”中 (2)在“It/This is the first/last time that…”中， 从句用现在完成时。 从句用现在完成时。 (3)在 (3)在“It was the first time that sb. had done” 主句一般过去时，that引导的从句 中,主句一般过去时，that引导的从句 用过去完成时。 用过去完成时。 (4)hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean=intend, (4)hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean=intend, suppose等的过去完成时的含义指 等的过去完成时的含义指“ suppose等的过去完成时的含义指“过 去没有实现的愿望、计划” 去没有实现的愿望、计划”。含失望 的感情色彩。 的感情色彩。
Eg. This is the most interesting book that I ___(read). We _____(hope) that you would be able to visit us, but you did not. It was the first time that we ____(travel) together. She _____(think) of paying us a visit, but was prevented from doing so.
A 1. Make sure that you ____ all the windows when you leave the home . A.shut B.will shut C.have shut D.would shut B 2. Edison ____ questions, ____ made his teacher very angry. A.always asked;that B.was always asking;which C.always asks;which D.had always asked;that C 3. The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it. A. was to travel B. had been traveling C. was traveling D. traveled
1. Do let your mother know all the truth. She D appears ____ everything . A.to tell B.to be told C.to be telling D.to have been told
B 2. The new suspension bridge ____ by the end of last month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C.was designed D. would be designed A 3. Books of this kind ____ well. A. sell B. sells C. are sold
(5)用在“ sooner…than”和 (5)用在“no sooner…than”和 用在 hardly/scarcely…when”（ “hardly/scarcely…when”（一 …就…） 从句用一般过去时。 中，从句用一般过去时。 sooner/hardly/scarcely放句首 放句首， no sooner/hardly/scarcely放句首，要倒装 eg. We had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. We had hardly reached home when it began to rain. 他一进办公室，电话就响了。（倒装） 。（倒装 他一进办公室，电话就响了。（倒装） Hardly had he entered the office when the phone rang.
动词语态
一般 现在
进行
完成
am/is/are asked was/were asked shall/will be asked should/would be asked
过去
am/is/are being asked was/were being asked
have/been asked had been asked shall/will have been asked should/would have been asked
将来
过去 将来
1.say,believe,report,announce,suppose,know, 1.say,believe,report,announce,suppose,know, consider,hope等以it作形式主语时用 等以it consider,hope等以it作形式主语时用 被动语态，后接that从句。 that从句 被动语态，后接that从句。如： 据说我们足球队赢得了比赛。 据说我们足球队赢得了比赛。 It is said that our football team has won the game.= Our football team is said to have won the game.
不及物动词， 2. 不及物动词，包括不及物动词用的 短语动词， 短语动词，如take place, appear, happen, occur,belong to, return, break of不用被动 不用被动。 out,rise,consist of不用被动。所有的联 系动词， 系动词，如： taste,look,sound,prove,taste,wear不用被 taste,look,sound,prove,taste,wear不用被 动语态 这菜尝起来可口。 这菜尝起来可口。 The dish tastes delicious.
(5)come,go,leave,start,arrive,fly等动词后， (5)come,go,leave,start,arrive,fly等动词后， come,go,leave,start,arrive,fly等动词后 用现在进行时表示将来。 用现在进行时表示将来。 sure后接 (6)在短语make (6)在短语make sure, see (to) it, be sure后接 在短语 从句，用一般现在时表将来。 从句，用一般现在时表将来。 eg.My mother ___(leave) for Beijing tomorrow. eg.Make sure all the windows ___(close) before you leave. eg.See to it that the door ___(fasten) before you go to bed.
D. is sold
4. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further C we go, _____. A. our holiday will be better B. our holiday will be the better C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be 5. ---How are you today? D ---Oh, I ___ as ill as I do now for a very long time. A. didn’t feel B. wasn’t feeling C. don’t feel D. haven’t felt
3.用非谓语的主动表示被动 3.用非谓语的主动表示被动 require,deserve后用动名词 (1)want,need, require,deserve后用动名词 的主动形式。 的主动形式。如： 学生们需要照料。 学生们需要照料。 The student needs/wants/requires looking after. (2)形容词worth后用动名词主动表示被 形容词worth (2)形容词worth后用动名词主动表示被 动。如： The book is well worth reading.
4. 现在完成进行时的用法 结构： 结构： doing,表示现在以前一 have/has been doing,表示现在以前一 直在进行的动作。 直在进行的动作。如： 已写完 I have written a letter. I have been writing a letter. 还在写 注意： 注意：短暂动词 (finish,marry,get up,come,go等 不能用这种时态。 up,come,go等)不能用这种时态。
6. I thought Jim would say something about his C school report, but he ___ it. A. doesn’t mention B. hadn’t mentioned C. didn’t mention D. hasn’t mentioned 7. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to B be watered if they ____. A. had survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive
完成进行
have/has been doing
would/ have will/shall should been have been have doing doing been doing
1. 一般将来时的用法 (1)will/shall (1)will/shall + 动词原形 (2)be 不定式, (2)be going to + 不定式,表示打算准备要 做的事或肯定要发生的事。 做的事或肯定要发生的事。Eg. How are you going to spend your holiday? (3)be +不定式 不定式, (3)be about to +不定式,表示即将发生的 动作。 动作。 (4)be +不定式 不定式, (4)be to +不定式,表示计划中的义务要 做的事，含有“不得不”强制意义。 做的事，含有“不得不”强制意义。 Eg. The president of America is to visit China next month.
2. 现在进行时的用法 现在进行时与always, 现在进行时与always, continually, forever等频度副词连用 等频度副词连用， constantly, forever等频度副词连用， 表示赞叹、厌烦等感情色彩。 表示赞叹、厌烦等感情色彩。 eg. They ___ forever ___(quarrel) about something.