Adrenal Gland Anatomy 肾上腺解剖学英文课件
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
7
Cont:
Extra adrenal chromaffin cells located to the left of aortic bifurcation near the origin of IMA
8
Embryology
9
Embryology
10
Embryology
11
Embryology
Adrenal Gland Anatomy
Dr Shen
1
Introduction
Among most important and vital endocrine organ
Small bilateral yellowish retroperitoneal organ
Lies just above kidney in gerota’s fascia
Posteriorly Diaphragm
Posteriorly Diaphragm
23
Relations
24
Vascular supply
Blood to adrenal supplied by Inferior phrenic artery (superiorly) Aorta (medially) Renal artery (inferiorly)
➢ Week 8 : differentiate into thin definite
outer cortex and thick inner
fetal cortex
5
Cont:
Fetal cortex produce steroid during gestation and involutes at birth
Androgens helps in early development of male sex organ in childhood
20
Functions
21
22
Relations
RT ADRENAL
LT ADRENAL
Anteriorly IVC Liver
Anteriorly Pancreas Stomach
Size : 3 - 6cm long, 0.9 – 3.6cm Weight : 3-5 gm app Width : 2-3 cm
3
Anatomy
4
Embryology
➢ Cortex is mesodermal in origin
➢ Week 4 – 6 : start from coelomic mesoderm adjacent to urogenital ridge
All are absolutely required for life
19
Functions
Aldosterone helps in Na reabsorption & potassium excretion & preventing dehydration
Cortisol stimulate protein breakdown, inhibition of tissue response in injury & antagonism to action of insulin
2
Anatomy
▪ Right adrenal is triangular, related to upper pole Right kidney
Left adrenal is crescent shaped, related to upper and medial part Left kidney
14
15
Histology
16
Physiology
Adrenal gland has two distinct zones
Adrenal cortex Adrenal medulla
17
Physiology
Adrenal cortex produces -Glucocorticoids (Zona Fasciculata) -Mineralocorticoids (Zona Glomerulosa) -Adrenal androgens (Zona Reticularis)
12
Histology
Adrenal cortex consists of three distinct zones
Zona Glomerulosa : small cells with intermediate no. of lipid inclusion
Zona Fasiculata : large foamy cells sec to lipid inclusion -75% of cortex
13
Cont :
Zona Reticularis : consists of compact cytoplasm and few lipid inclusions
Zona glomerulosa and fasiculata present at birth
Zona reticularis develops during first year of life
Definite cortex develop into functional adrenal cortex
6
Embryology
Medulla derived from neural crest cells
Develop with sympathetic nervous wk.baidu.comystem
Week 5 : neural crest cell migrate to Para-aortic and Para-vertebral region towards medial aspect of adrenal cortex
18
Physiology
Adrenal medulla produces -Epinephrine (adrenaline) -Norepinehrine (noradrenaline)
Help inc in cardiac output, vascular resistance and mediate stress response
Cont:
Extra adrenal chromaffin cells located to the left of aortic bifurcation near the origin of IMA
8
Embryology
9
Embryology
10
Embryology
11
Embryology
Adrenal Gland Anatomy
Dr Shen
1
Introduction
Among most important and vital endocrine organ
Small bilateral yellowish retroperitoneal organ
Lies just above kidney in gerota’s fascia
Posteriorly Diaphragm
Posteriorly Diaphragm
23
Relations
24
Vascular supply
Blood to adrenal supplied by Inferior phrenic artery (superiorly) Aorta (medially) Renal artery (inferiorly)
➢ Week 8 : differentiate into thin definite
outer cortex and thick inner
fetal cortex
5
Cont:
Fetal cortex produce steroid during gestation and involutes at birth
Androgens helps in early development of male sex organ in childhood
20
Functions
21
22
Relations
RT ADRENAL
LT ADRENAL
Anteriorly IVC Liver
Anteriorly Pancreas Stomach
Size : 3 - 6cm long, 0.9 – 3.6cm Weight : 3-5 gm app Width : 2-3 cm
3
Anatomy
4
Embryology
➢ Cortex is mesodermal in origin
➢ Week 4 – 6 : start from coelomic mesoderm adjacent to urogenital ridge
All are absolutely required for life
19
Functions
Aldosterone helps in Na reabsorption & potassium excretion & preventing dehydration
Cortisol stimulate protein breakdown, inhibition of tissue response in injury & antagonism to action of insulin
2
Anatomy
▪ Right adrenal is triangular, related to upper pole Right kidney
Left adrenal is crescent shaped, related to upper and medial part Left kidney
14
15
Histology
16
Physiology
Adrenal gland has two distinct zones
Adrenal cortex Adrenal medulla
17
Physiology
Adrenal cortex produces -Glucocorticoids (Zona Fasciculata) -Mineralocorticoids (Zona Glomerulosa) -Adrenal androgens (Zona Reticularis)
12
Histology
Adrenal cortex consists of three distinct zones
Zona Glomerulosa : small cells with intermediate no. of lipid inclusion
Zona Fasiculata : large foamy cells sec to lipid inclusion -75% of cortex
13
Cont :
Zona Reticularis : consists of compact cytoplasm and few lipid inclusions
Zona glomerulosa and fasiculata present at birth
Zona reticularis develops during first year of life
Definite cortex develop into functional adrenal cortex
6
Embryology
Medulla derived from neural crest cells
Develop with sympathetic nervous wk.baidu.comystem
Week 5 : neural crest cell migrate to Para-aortic and Para-vertebral region towards medial aspect of adrenal cortex
18
Physiology
Adrenal medulla produces -Epinephrine (adrenaline) -Norepinehrine (noradrenaline)
Help inc in cardiac output, vascular resistance and mediate stress response