2012年上海杨浦区数学一模试卷附答案

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杨浦2012学年度第一学期期末质量抽测初一年级数学试卷

杨浦2012学年度第一学期期末质量抽测初一年级数学试卷

杨浦2012学年度第一学期期末质量抽测初一年级数学试卷一、选择题(每题2分,共10分) 1、下列各式计算正确的是( )A 、1)1(22+=+a aB 、532a a a =+C 、628a a a =÷D 、12322=-a a 2、下列说法中正确的是( )A 、2t 不是整式 B 、y x 33-的次数是3 C 、12222-+y x x 是四次三项式 D 、y1是单项式 3、下列各式不能用平方差公式计算的是( )A 、))((y x x y +-B 、)2)(2(x y y x ---C 、)3)(3(x y y x +--D 、)45)(54(x y y x +- 4、计算201420122013)1(5.1)32(-⨯⨯的结果是( )A 、32 B 、23 C 、32- D 、23- 5、下列图行政,既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是( )A 、B 、C 、D 、二、填空题(每小题3分,共36分)6、长方形的一边长为3a ,另一边比它小b ,则其周长为 。

7、已知31332y x m -与12541-n y x 是同类项,则m+n= 。

8、计算:b a c b a 435155÷-= 。

9、计算:)2)(3(2xy y x -+= 。

10、某种细菌的长约为0.0000032厘米,用科学记数法表示这个数为 厘米。

11、当x= 时,分式xx --112的值为零。

13、要使多项式202--ax x 在整数范围内可因式分解,给出整数a= 。

(一个即可)14、当m= 时,方程111-=+-x m x x 无解。

15、在①矩形、②等腰梯形、③线段、④平行四边形这四种图形中,是轴对称图形但不是中心对称图形的是 。

(填序号)16、如图,将长方形纸片ABCD 按图中方式折叠,其中EF 、EC 为折痕,折叠后A ’、B ’、E 在一条直线上,已知∠BEC=54度,那么∠A ’EF= 度。

数学_2012年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷(文科)_(含答案)

数学_2012年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷(文科)_(含答案)

2012年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷(文科)一、填空题(共14小题,每小题4分,满分56分)1. 计算:limn→∞(1−2nn+3)=________.2. 不等式xx−1>2的解集是________ (用区间表示).3. 若全集U=R,函数y=3x的值域为集合A,则C U A=________.4. (文)已知圆锥的母线长l=5cm,高ℎ=4cm,则该圆锥的体积是________cm3.5. 在(x+1x)4的二项展开式中,x2的系数是________(结果用数字作答).6. 已知f(x)是R上的偶函数,且满足f(x+4)=f(x),当x∈(0, 2)时,f(x)=2x2,则f(7)=________.7. 若行列式|x2x−121|=1,则x=________.8. 在100件产品中有90件一等品,10件二等品,从中随机取出4件产品.恰含1件二等品的概率是________.(结果精确到0.01)9. 某学校对学生进行该校大型活动的知晓情况分层抽样调查.若该校的高一学生、高二学生和高三学生分别有800人、1600人、1400人.若在高三学生中的抽样人数是70,则在高二学生中的抽样人数应该是________.10. 某算法的程序框如下图所示,则输出量y与输入量x满足的关系式是________.11. 若直线l:ax+by=1与圆C:x2+y2=1相切,则a2+b2=________.12. 若点P是椭圆x29+y2=1上的动点,定点A的坐标为(2, 0),则|PA|的取值范围是________.13. 已知x>0,y>0,且2x +1y=1,若x+2y>m2+2m恒成立,则实数m的取值范围是________.14. 设函数f(x)=log2(2x+1)的反函数为y=f−1(x),若关于x的方程f−1(x)=m+f(x)在[1, 2]上有解,则实数m的取值范围是________.二、选择题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)15. 下列函数中,既是偶函数,又是在区间(0, +∞)上单调递减的函数为()A f(x)=10|x|B f(x)=x 3C f(x)=lg 1|x|D f(x)=cosx16. 若等比数列{a n }前n 项和为S n =2n +a ,则复数z =i a+i 在复平面上对应的点位于( )A 第一象限B 第二象限C 第三象限D 第四象限17. “a =2”是“函数f(x)=|x −a|在[2, +∞)上是增函数”的( )A 充分非必要条件B 必要非充分条件C 充要条件D 即非充分也非必要条件18. 若F 1,F 2分别为双曲线C:x 29−y 227=1的左、右焦点,点A 在双曲线C 上,点M 的坐标为(2, 0),AM 为∠F 1AF 2的平分线.则|AF 2|的值为( )A 3B 6C 9D 27三、解答题(共5小题,满分74分)19. 已知在正四棱锥P −ABCD 中(如图),高为1cm ,其体积为4cm 3,求异面直线PA 与CD 所成角的大小.20. 在△ABC 中,角A 、B 、C 的对边分别为a 、b 、c ,且满足(2b −c)cosA −acosC =0,(1)求角A 的大小;(2)若a =√3,S △ABC =3√34,试判断△ABC 的形状,并说明理由. 21. 若函数y =f(x),如果存在给定的实数对(a, b),使得f(a +x)⋅f(a −x)=b 恒成立,则称y =f(x)为“Ω函数”.(1)判断下列函数,是否为“Ω函数”,并说明理由;①f(x)=x 3 ②f(x)=2x(2)已知函数f(x)=tanx 是一个“Ω函数”,求出所有的有序实数对(a, b).22. 已知△ABC 的三个顶点在抛物线Γ:x 2=y 上运动.(1)求Γ的准线方程;(2)已知点P 的坐标为(2, 6),F 为抛物线Γ的焦点,求|AP|+|AF|的最小值,并求此时A 点的坐标;(3)若点A 在坐标原点,BC 边过定点N(0, 1),点M 在BC 上,且AM →⋅BC →=0,求点M 的轨迹方程.23. 已知函数f(x)=3x 2x+3,数列{a n }满足a 1=1,a n+1=f(a n ),n ∈N ∗.(1)求a 2,a 3,a 4的值;(2)求证:数列{1a n }是等差数列; (3)设数列{b n }满足b n =a n−1⋅a n (n ≥2),b 1=3,S n =b 1+b 2+...+b n ,若S n <m−20112对一切n ∈N ∗成立,求最小正整数m 的值.2012年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷(文科)答案1. −12. (1, 2)3. (−∞, 0]4. 12π5. 46. 27. 18. 0.309. 8010. y ={x −2,x >12x ,x ≤111. 112. [√22, 5]13. (−4,2)14. [log 213,log 235] 15. C16. D17. A18. B19. 解:连接AC 、BD 交于O 点,连接PO ,则PO 就是正四棱锥的高设异面直线PA 与CD 所成角的大小θ,底边长为a ,则依题意得,正四棱锥P −ABCD 体积为V =13a 2×1=4 … ∴ a =2√3,可得AC =2√6Rt △PAO 中,OA =√6,PO =1∴ PA =√12+(√6)2=√7 …因为CD // AB ,所以直线PA 与AB 所成的锐角就是PA 与CD 所成角θ. …△PAB 中,PA =PB =√7,AB =2√3,∴ cos∠PAB =7+12−72×√7×2√3=√217,即cosθ=√217, 所以PA 与CD 所成角θ=arccos √217. … 20. 解:(1)∵ (2b −c)cosA −acosC =0,由正弦定理,得(2sinB−sinC)cosA−sinAcosC=0,∴ 2sinBcosA−sin(A+C)=0,sinB(2cosA−1)=0,∵ 0<B<π,∴ sinB≠0,∴ cosA=12,∵ 0<A<π,∴ A=π3.(2)∵ S△ABC=12bcsinA=3√34,即12bcsinπ3=3√34∴ bc=3①由余弦定理可知cosA=b 2+c2−32bc=12∴ b2+c2=6,②由①②得b=c=√3,∴ △ABC为等边三角形.21. 解:(1)①若f(x)=x3是“Ω函数”,则存在实数对(a, b),使得f(a+x)⋅f(a−x)=b,即(a2−x2)3=b时,对x∈R恒成立…而x2=a2−√b3最多有两个解,矛盾,因此f(x)=x3不是“Ω函数”…②若f(x)=2x是“Ω函数”,则存在常数a,b使得2a+x⋅2a−x=22a,即存在常数对(a, 22a)满足,因此f(x)=2x是“Ω函数”(2)解:函数f(x)=tanx是一个“Ω函数”,设有序实数对(a, b)满足,则tan(a−x)tan(a+x)=b恒成立当a=kπ+π2,k∈Z时,tan(a−x)tan(a+x)=−cot2x,不是常数;…因此a≠kπ+π2,k∈Z,当x≠mπ+π2,m∈Z时,则有(btan2a−1)tan2x+(tan2a−b)=0恒成立,所以btan2a−1=0且tan2a−b=0∴ tan2a=1,b=1∴ a=kπ+π4,k∈Z,b=1…∴ 当x=mπ+π2,m∈Z,a=kπ±π4时,tan(a−x)tan(a+x)=cot2a=1.因此满足f(x)=tanx是一个“Ω函数”的实数对(a, b)=(kπ±π4, 1),k∈Z…22. 解:(1)由x2=y得抛物线的焦点在y轴上,且2p=1,所以准线为y=−14…(2)解:由x2=y得抛物线的焦点在y轴上,且2p=1,所以,焦点坐标为(0, 14)…由A作准线为y=−14的垂线,垂足为Q,当且仅当三点P,A,Q共线时,|AP|+|AF|取得最小,最小值为6+14=254,…此时A 点的坐标为(2, 4)…(3)设点M 的坐标为(x, y),BC 边所在的方程过定点N(0, 1),… ∴ AM →=(x,y),MN →=(−x,1−y)∵ AM →⋅BC →=0∴ AM →⋅MN →=0,所以,−x ×x +y(1−y)=0,即y 2+x 2−y =0(x ≠0)…23. (1)解:∵ a 1=1,a n+1=f(a n ),n ∈N ∗,∴ a 2=35,a 3=37,a 4=13. …(2)解:由 a n+1=f(a n )=3a n 2a n +3 得 1a n+1−1a n =23,… 所以,{1a n}是首项为1,公差为23的等差数列 … (3)解:由(2)得1a n =1+23(n −1)=2n+13,a n =32n+1. … 当n ≥2时,b n =a n−1a n =92 (12n−1−12n+1),当n =1时,上式同样成立,… 所以s n =b 1+b 2+b 3+...+b n =92 (1−13+13−15+15−17+...+12n−1−12n+1)=92(1−12n+1).因为S n <m−20112,所以 92(1−12n+1)<m−20112 对一切n ∈N ∗成立,…又92(1−12n+1)随n 递增,且lim n →∞(1−12n+1)=92,所以,92≤m−20112, 所以,m ≥2020,m 的最小值为2020. …。

2012年上海一模矩阵和行列式

2012年上海一模矩阵和行列式

2012年上海一模矩阵和行列式,算法初步汇编一、填空题1(上海市杨浦区2011学年度高三学科测试数学试卷(文科)·10).根据如图所示的某算法程序框图,则输出量y 与输入量x 之间满足的关系式是.答案:()⎩⎨⎧≤>-=1,21,2x x x x f x ;2.(2011学年第一学期徐汇区高三年级数学学科学习能力诊断卷(理科)·5)根据右图所示的程序框图,输出结果i = 答案:83.(上海市杨浦区2011学年度高三学科测试数学试卷(文科)·7)若行列式11212=-x x ,则=x . 答案:文1;4.(2011学年第一学期上海市长宁区高三教学质量检测·2)行列式131312101---中3-的代数余子式的值为_________.答案:-55.(2011学年普陀区·7)如图,该框图所对应的程序运行后输出的结果的值为.答案:6.(2011学年第一学期上海市长宁区高三教学质量检测·8)某程序框图如图所示,该程序运行后输出的n 值是8,则从集合{}3,2,1,0中所有满足条件的S 0值为._______答案:07.(青浦区2011学年第一学期高三年级期末质量抽查考试·8)已知命题“03211111=aa”是命题“a A ∈”的必要非充分条件, 请写出一个满足条件的非空集合=A .答案:{}1=A 或{}4=A 8.(上海市崇明高三数学·6)如果由矩阵1112m x m y m -⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫= ⎪⎪ ⎪+⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭表示的关于,x y 的二元一次方程组无解,则实数m = . 答案:19.(上海市浦东高三数学试题及答案(文科)2012.01·5)某个线性方程组的增广矩阵是⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛110201,此方程组的解记为),(b a ,则行列式0123212a b 的值是_2-. 10.(闵行区2011学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试数学试卷(文科)·17)已知关于x y 、的二元一次线性方程组的增广矩阵为111222a b c a b c ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,记121212(,),(,),(,)a a a b b b c c c ===,则此线性方程组有无穷多组解的充要条件是图2[答]()A .0a b c ++= .B .a b c、、两两平行.C .a b //.D .a b c 、、方向都相同.答案:B ;11.(所属试卷名称·6)已知二元一次方程组111222,a xb yc a x b y c +=⎧⎨+=⎩,若记12a a a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭ ,12b b b ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭ ,12c c c ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,则该方程组存在唯一解的条件为 (用a 、b 、c 表示). 答案:a 与b不平行12.(闵行区2011学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试数学试卷(文科)·10)执行右图所示的程序框图,若输入2x =,则输出y 的值为. 答案:23;13.(黄埔区2011学年度高三一模数学试卷(含答案)文理卷·10)一个算法的程序框图如图2所示,则该程序运行后输出的结果是.答案:5;14(上海市杨浦区2011学年度高三学科测试数学试卷(文科)·10).根据如图所示的某算法程序框图,则输出量y 与输入量x 之间满足的关系式是.答案:()⎩⎨⎧≤>-=1,21,2x x x x f x; 15.(2011学年嘉定区高三年级第一次质量调研数学试卷(文)·10)如图所示的算法框图,则输出的值是_________.答案:;16.(上海市奉贤区2012届高三期末调研试卷数学试题文理科·11)下图是某算法程序框图,则程序运行后输出的结果=s __________答案:1017.(上海市崇明高三数学·9)若()(0,1)x f x a a a =>≠ ,定义由右框图表示的运算(函数1()f x -是函数()f x 的反函数),若输入2x =-时,输出14y =,则输入18x =时,输出y = .答案:3-S90。

杨浦一模2012年度试卷

杨浦一模2012年度试卷

杨浦区2012学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研英语试卷2013. 1本试卷分为第I卷(第1-12页)和第II卷(第13页)两部分。

全卷共13页。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

考生注意:1.答第I卷前,考生务必将条形码粘贴在答题纸的指定区域内。

2.第I卷(1-16小题,25---80小题)由机器阅卷,答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应,不能错位。

答案需要更改时,必须将原选项用橡皮擦去,重新选择。

答案写在试卷上一律不给分。

第I卷中的第17-24小题,81-84小题和第II卷的试题,其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸的规定区域内,如用铅笔答题,或写在试卷上则无效。

第I卷(共105分)I.Listening Comprehension (30%)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a post office. B. On the campus.C. In a hotel.D. At the airport.2. A. Doctor and patient. B. Lawyer and client.C. Manager and customer.D. Passer and policeman.3. A. To book a ticket. B. To make complaints.C. To make an appointment.D. To consult a dentist.4. A. She has trouble in getting along with the professor.B. She regrets taking up much of the professor’s time.C. She knows the professor has been busy recently.D. She doesn’t know the professor has run into trouble.5. A. One. B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.6. A. Everyone failed in the exam. B. Everyone passed the exam.C. Sixty students passed the exam.D. All the students got sixty.7. A. It was tiring. B. It cost more money.C. It saved time.D. It was acceptable.8. A. It’s inconvenient to go to work. B. The job was not well paid.C. He didn’t like to have meetings.D. The working hours were not suitable.9. A. $10. B. $13.C. $18.D. $19.10. A. He feels the professor should be merciful.B. He considers the punishment too severe.C. He thinks it right to punish those students.D. He thinks the students deserve sympathy.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To charge battery. B. To take in empty bottles.C. To sell subway tickets.D. To exchange money.12. A. To donate it directly. B. To exchange it for a subway ticket.C. To withdraw the cash.D. To charge their credit cards.13. A. At bus stops. B. In schools.C. Outside the bank.D. In residential areas.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. 1200. B. 800,000.C. 15,000.D. 120,000.15. A. It is heavy with texts.B. It lacks visual materials.C. It has virtual tours and interactive maps.D. It provides details about price and requirements.16. A. Never trust any third-party website.B. Make contact with the school.C. Apply for a free campus visit.D. Try to be good enough.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Adam’s Tailor ShopItem: Cotton dustcoatStyle: The ____17____ designAlternation: 6 buttons in the front/two pockets only on the leftSpecial requirement: Not too _____18___Try-on day: Next ____19____ (Jan. 15th)Charge for tailoring: ____20____ yuanBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabulary (25%)Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.People who had lived _____ the horror and suffering of the war began to rebuild their nation.A. fromB. withC. byD. through26.The gangs were all dealing drugs, but Bob was _____ who got caught.A. someoneB. oneC. the oneD. anyone27. Life is a hospital _____ every patient is possessed by the desire to change his bed.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. whose28. Don’t spend time beating on a wall, _____ to change it into a door.A. hopeB. hopingC. hopedD. to hope29. A man can fail many times, but he isn't a failure _____ he begins to blame somebody else.A. even ifB. untilC. in caseD. once30. The tragedy calls for gun control measures _____ 26 people were killed in the school shootingin Newtown.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. why31. Mere words cannot match the depths of our sorrow, _____ our wounded hearts.A. nor they can healB. so they can healC. nor can they healD. so can they heal32. ______ you look into your heart that your vision will become clear.A. It is only whenB. Only whenC. When it is onlyD. Only when it is33. Don't let the sadness of your past and the fear of your future _____ the happiness of yourpresent.A. ruinB. to ruinC. ruiningD. ruined34. _____ the city's public school system should be open to the children of migrant workers hasbecome the focus of discussion.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhetherD. If35. -- Who _____ be phoning us at this time of night?-- It might be your sister.A. mightB. canC. dareD. must36. Always remember to get every bit of criticism _____ between two thick layers of praise.A. sandwichingB. being sandwichedC. having been sandwichedD. sandwiched37. _____ difficult explorations are, humans have never stopped moving forward.A. WhileB. DespiteC. AsD. However38. To avoid _____ off, you should be prepared to state how your contributions will benefit thecompany.A. layingB. to be laidC. being laidD. having been laid39. -- Do you bring the picture?-- Yes, I _____ it for a whole morning.A. looked forB. have looked forC. have been looking forD. had looked for40. My grandfather, _____ is often the case with old people, is fond of talking about good old days.A. whichB. suchC. asD. whatSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The most difficult part of a Western-Chinese marriage is the cultural differences. The traditional Chinese culture is established on the Confucian philosophy, while the western culture is based on ancient Greek __41__. Cultural differences exist in almost every aspect and therefore __42__ also on relationships and marriage.From the traditional Chinese point of view, marriage is a relationship __43__ many aspects such as family, friends and relatives, while from the Western point of view, marriage is a contract signed between two people that is based on trust and love. Furthermore, Westerners’marriages __44__ more the independence and __45__ of the couple.That is why Westerners sometimes cannot understand why we Chinese need to support our relatives if we are asked to do so. Chinese need to maintain their “face” and “relations”. Even in a relationship, we are somehow still __46__ to our family and relatives. Our partner has to understand it and at least does not __47__ it.It is not easy to maintain Chinese-Western relationship. Cultural differences may result in __48__. Young Asian ladies are fond of western men because they believe they are more gentlemanly and in addition their appearances are more attractive. Western men may think Chinese ladies are gentler and more feminine.My suggestion for the cross-culture relationship is always trying to put yourself in other’s shoes: accepting rather than changing; always respecting your partner but clarifying your own red lines; showing your interest in his/her different culture and carefully commenting on it and so on.There are more and more cross-culture marriages __49__ recently. I would like to take this chance to sincerely wish them the very best in their love journeys.III. Reading Comprehension (50%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A new research suggests that animals have a much higher level of brainpower than once thought. If animals do have intelligence, how do scientists measure it? Before defining animals’ intelligence, scientists defined what is not intelligence. Instinct is not intelligence. It is a skill __50__ into an animal’s brain by its genetic heritage(基因遗传). Tricks can be learned by repetition, but no real thinking is __51__. Cuing, in which animals learn to do or not to do certain things by following outside signals, does not demonstrate intelligence. Scientists believe that insight, the ability to use tools, and communication using human language are all __52__ measures of the mental ability of animals.When judging animal intelligence, scientists look for insight, which they define as a flash of sudden understanding. When a young gorilla(大猩猩)could not reach fruit from a tree, she noticed crates (木板箱) on the lawn near the tree. She __53__ the crates into a pyramid, then climbed on them to reach her __54__. The gorilla’s insight allowed her to solve a new problem without trial and error.The ability to use tools is also an important sign of intelligence. Crows(乌鸦)use sticks to pry (撬开)peanuts out of cracks. The crow __55__ intelligence by showing it has learned what a stick can do. __56__, otters(水獭)use rocks to crack open crab shells in order to get at the meat.Many animals have learned to communicate using human language. One chimp can recognize and correctly use more than 250 __57__ symbols on a keyboard. These symbols __58__ human words. An amazing parrot can __59__ five objects of two different types. He can understand the difference between the number, color, and kind of object. The ability to __60__ is a basic thinking skill. In addition, he seems to use language to express his needs and __61__. When ill and taken to the animal hospital for his fi rst overnight stay, this parrot turned to go. “Come here!” he cried to a scientist who works with him. “I love you. I’m sorry. Wanna go back?”The research on animal intelligence raises important questions. If animals are smarter than __62__ thought, would that change the way humans interact with them? Would animals still be used for food, clothing, or __63__ experimentation? Finding the answer to these tough questions makes a difficult __64__ even for a large-brained, problem-solving species like our own.50. A. developed B. admitted C. programmed D. injected51. A. inherited B. involved C. instructed D. intended52. A. realistic B. unusual C. accurate D. effective53. A. piled B. assembled C. supported D. divided54. A. potential B. reward C. standard D. top55. A. explores B. expands C. explains D. exhibits56. A. Likewise B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise57. A. magical B. flexible C. abstract D. permanent58. A. substitute for B. stand for C. appeal to D. carry out59. A. foresee B. determine C. combine D. distinguish60. A. classify B. justify C. qualify D. simplify61. A. satisfaction B. emotions C. gratitude D. beliefs62. A. objectively B. professionally C. previously D. scientifically63. A. electrical B. physical C. medical D. logical64. A. decision B. translation C. choice D. puzzleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Brigham Young University students can now receive the unconditional love of dogs without breaking rules prohibiting pets in university housing.Jenna Miller started her company Puppies for Rent this summer in the Provo area as a way for students and others to rent puppies by the hour.The pups have been rented for first dates and surprise parties and by mothers rewarding their children. After signing a contract, customers can rent them for $15 an hour, $25 for two hours and $10 for each additional hour.Miller offers her seven puppies for playtime rentals, with each dog hand delivered straight to the customers’ door. Her lawyer brother helps her with legal contracts and fees. She now has four employees helping look after and deliver the animal.Carl Arky, spokesman for the Humane Society of Utah said his group is against the business. Puppies need consistency and stability in their lives, he said, and renting them to various people might affect the animals' growth and development.Miller said the animals are treated well and she has a 100 percent success rate so far finding them a permanent home. Money paid by renters goes toward adoption fees if they decide to own a puppy.65. Which of the following are not possible renters of the p uppies?A. Young lovers.B. Party organizers.C. Mothers.D. Scientific group members.66. Miller’s brother’s main responsibility is to _____.A. draft contractsB. deliver animalsC. find adoption familiesD. walk dogs67. Why is Carl in disagreement with the service?A. Because playing with pets is harmful to children’s health.B. Because some people will be cruel to the rented animals.C. Because unstable living environment is not good for animal’s growth.D. Because it will prohibit the puppies from finding a permanent home.(B)TENANCY AGREEMENTDEFINITIONSTHE LANDLORD Mrs Gloria Black of 6 Sutton Road, Cambridge CB5 7AQTHE TENANT Marina KahnPROPERTY 24a Wood Road, Cambridge CB2 8BGTOGETHER WITH CONTENTS (fixtures, furniture and equipment) specified in the inventory (attached)TERM from 1 st January 20 ___ to 31 st December 20 ___ (12 months)RENT £500 per calendar month, payable in advance on the first day of each monthDEPOSIT £500, payable on commencement of this AgreementAGREEMENTSA The Landlord may re-enter the Property and terminate this Agreement if the Rent or any part ofit is not paid within fourteen days after it becomes due.B The Landlord may bring the tenancy to an end at any time before the expiry of the Term (butnot earlier than six months from the Commencement Date of this Contract) by giving the Tenant not less than tw o months’ written notice stating that the Landlord requires possession of the Property.C The Landlord shall put the deposit with the Deposit Protection Service, and shall inform theTenant within 14 days of taking the deposit of the contact details of this service and details of how to apply for the release of the deposit from this service.TENANT’S OBLIGATIONS1Pay the Rent into the Landlord’s bank account at the times specified.2Pay for all water, gas and electricity consumed on the Property during the Term; and pay in full for all charges made for the use of the telephone on the Property during the Term.3Keep the interior of the Property during the Term in a good and clean state of repair, condition and decoration.4Permit the Landlord to enter the Property at all reasonable times; to inspect the Property and its contents; and to carry out any works of maintenance or repair to the Property; to show prospective new Tenants around the Property at the end of the tenancy.5Not take in any paying guest without the prior written consent of the Landlord.6Not use the Property other than as a private dwelling; nor carry on any profession, trade or business in the Property.7Not use any musical instrument, wireless or television between midnight and 7 am, nor permit any singing or dancing between these hours.8Not keep in the Property any cat, dog or other pet without the prior written consent of the Landlord.68. What’s the monthly rent of the property?A. £500.B. £575.C. £1000.D.£1500.69. What’s the landlord’s witness?A. A teacher.B. A librarian.C. A house agent.D. A bank clerk.70. Which of the following is allowed in the property?A. Watching TV at any time.B. Holding an all-night dancing party.C. Changing it into a business office.D. Entertaining friends with self-cooked meals.71. Which of the following is the right of the landlord?A. He can show new tenants around the property at any time.B. He can enter the property to inspect its contents.C. He can take back his property whenever he wants.D. He can keep the deposit for himself.(C)Does solving a math problem give you a headache? Do you feel nervous when you sit a math exam? For most students, math can be tough but scientists have proved that math problems can actually trigger physical pain.Scientists came to this conclusion with an in-depth experiment, which was published in the Public Library of Science One journal. They began by finding out how much participants fear math. Those involved were asked a series of questions such as how they feel when they receive a math textbook or when they walk into a math lesson.Based on their answers, participants were divided into groups. One group was made up of people who were particularly afraid of math and participants in the other group were more comfortable with the subject.Both groups were then given either math tasks or word tasks. When a math task was going to come next, a yellow circle would appear but when a word task was soon to come, a blue square would be shown.Using a brain-scan machine, scientists noticed that whenever people from Group One saw a yellow circle, their brain would respond in a way similar to when their body is feeling pain. It was like the pain they would feel, for example, if they burnt their hand on a hot stove. But they reacted less strongly when they knew that they would be faced with a word task.However, scientists saw no strong brain response from people in the second group.Math can be difficult, and for those with high levels of mathematics-anxiety (HMA), math is associated with tension, apprehension and fear. “When you are really thinking about the math problems, your mind is racing and you are worrying about all the things that could go wrong,”explained Ian Lyons from University of Chicago, US, leader of the study. “The higher a person’sanxiety of a maths task, the more he activated brain regions associated with threat detection, and the experience of pain.”More interestingly, the brain activity disappeared when participants actually started dealing with the math tasks. “This means that it’s not that math itself hurts; rather, the anticipation of math is painful,” Lyons said.Based on the study, scientists suggested that things could be done to help students worry less and move past their fear of math, which might mean they perform better in tests.72. In the first stage, scientists ask participants some questions to _____.A. see whether math hurtsB. find out how much they fear mathC. observe how their brain responseD. test their endurance of pain73. The underlined word “the anticipation of math” is closest in meaning to _____.A. the attempt of learning mathB. the motivation to work out math problemC. the effort to understand mathD. the act of thinking about math74. Which is the best title for the passage?A. How to overcome math fear.B. Physical pain affects math performance.C. Math pain in your brain.D. Unknown truth about pain.75. What can be concluded from the experiment?A. The anticipation of math has no relation to students’ confidence in math.B. Moderate mathematic anxiety promotes students’ academic performance.C. Effective solutions have been worked out to lower students’ anxiety of math.D. Physical pain caused by HMA disappears in the process of doing math problem.Section CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.Britain may be the most red-headed country in the world. About 1 to 2 percent of the world’s population has red hair, but in the UK the numbers are much higher, with 13 percent of Scots, 10 percent of the Irish, and 6 percent of people in England having red hair, according to the BBC.Scientists have tried to explain why some people have red hair for some time and now they may have found an answer: the dull weather in Britain. The human body needs vitamin D from sunshine, but unfortunately people living in Britain do not have enough of it because of its maritime climate. In fact, Britain gets even more cloud than countries in the far north of Europe. In Sweden, for example, the average daily hours of sunshine is 5.4. In Scotland it is only 3.1 hours.To deal with this, the DNA of people living in these areas has changed slightly; scientists call this a mutation. Originally, the coloring on our body is a mixture of two kinds of melanin – black melanin and red/yellow melanin, but with certain parts of DNA changed, the production of black melanin is suppressed while only red/yellow melanin is made. The result is red hair, light skin color, freckles and a greater sensitivity to sunlight.However, what’s more interesting is that the redhead DNA mutation is recessive, which means it is hidden and can often skip generations without showing. At least 1.6 million Scots carry a red-head gene mutation, and most are unaware that they do. This is why a person who does not have red hair can still produce red-haired children if he or she is a carrier of this special DNA.The research on red hair, like many areas of science, is contradictory. In 2002 researchers showed that redheads are more sensitive to pain, and need more anaesthetic during surgery than people with blonde or dark hair. However, in 2005 scientists found that a MCR1R mutation gives redheads a higher tolerance for pain. Research into these aspects of red hair genetics continues. Redheads should though be more careful about their exposure to sunlight as they are at an increased risk of contracting skin cancer. If you are a redhead, the advice is not to stay out of the sun, but to be careful about how much exposure you get, and to cover yourself with a high factor sunscreen.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Pizza Hut lovers, you can now smell just like your favorite food. Pizza Hut launches its own perfume that smells like a fresh pizza pie. This is not a joke – although it started as one! While it might seem like an unusual venture for the brand famous for pizza, the company’s perfume is already available as a limited edition product.According to the Globe and Mail, the project started out as a joke by Grip Limited, an advertising firm that works with Pizza Hut in Canada, who asked the chain’s Facebook fans to imagine the pleasant smell of a fresh-delivered pie as a perfume – and to name it. Fans responded tothe idea so enthusiastically that Grip Limited decided to take the joke a step further and make the perfume a reality.A month and a half later, to celebrate that Pizza Hut Canada had gotten 100,000 fans, the chain's community managers announced that the first 100 people to message them would actually get a bottle of Pizza Hut perfume. And sure enough, the bottles were shipped to those 100 lucky fans before Christmas.Grip Limited isn’t the only company to attract attention with odd aromas(芳香). Four years ago, Burger King offered a $4 meat-scented body spray for men. Before that in 2006, Stilton created a perfume meant to mimic(模拟)the scent of blue cheese.Pizza Hut Canada has not announced any plans to make more of the perfume in the future. But the chain also said in the release that it’s possible the perfume could appear in stores in the future. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)81. Some people consider the perfume a joke because they think Pizza Hut is a ______________.82. ___________________________ pushed Grip Limited to turn the joke into reality.83. Who are the lucky birds to get the perfume?______________________________________________.84. Why did Pizza Hut follow Burger King’s steps to release a perfume?______________________________________________.第II卷(共45分)I. Translation (20%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 任何人都会犯错,但只有傻瓜坚持他的错误。

2012年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷(理科) 含详解

2012年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷(理科) 含详解

2012年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷(理科)一、填空题(共14小题,每小题4分,满分56分)1.(4分)计算:=.2.(4分)不等式的解集是.3.(4分)若全集U=R,函数y=3x﹣1的值域为集合A,则C U A=.4.(4分)若圆锥的母线长l=5(cm),高h=4(cm),则这个圆锥的体积等于.5.(4分)在的展开式中,x2的系数为(用数字作答).6.(4分)已知f(x)是R上的偶函数,且满足f(x+4)=f(x),当x∈(0,2)时,f(x)=2x2,则f(7)=.7.(4分)若行列式=1,则x=.8.(4分)在100件产品中有90件一等品,10件二等品,从中随机取出4件产品.恰含1件二等品的概率是.(结果精确到0.01)9.(4分)某学校对学生进行该校大型活动的知晓情况分层抽样调查.若该校的高一学生、高二学生和高三学生分别有800人、1600人、1400人.若在高三学生中的抽样人数是70,则在高二学生中的抽样人数应该是.10.(4分)某算法的程序框如下图所示,则输出量y与输入量x满足的关系式是.11.(4分)若直线l:ax+by=1与圆C:x2+y2=1有两个不同的交点,则点P(a,b)与圆C的位置关系是.12.(4分)已知x>0,y>0,且,若x+2y>m2+2m恒成立,则实数m 的取值范围是.13.(4分)设函数f(x)=的反函数为y=f﹣1(x),若关于x的方程f﹣1(x)=m+f(x)在[1,2]上有解,则实数m的取值范围是.14.(4分)若椭圆(a>b>1)内有圆x2+y2=1,该圆的切线与椭圆交于A,B两点,且满足(其中O为坐标原点),则9a2+16b2的最小值是.二、选择题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)15.(5分)下列函数中,既是偶函数,又是在区间(0,+∞)上单调递减的函数为()A.f(x)=10|x|B.f(x)=x3C.f(x)=lg D.f(x)=cosx 16.(5分)若等比数列{a n}前n项和为,则复数z=在复平面上对应的点位于()A.第一象限B.第二象限C.第三象限D.第四象限17.(5分)已知函数f(x)=,则“c=﹣1”是“函数f(x)在R 上递增”的()A.充分而不必要条件B.必要而不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件18.(5分)若F1,F2分别为双曲线C:的左、右焦点,点A在双曲线C上,点M的坐标为(2,0),AM为∠F1AF2的平分线.则|AF2|的值为()A.3B.6C.9D.27三、解答题(共5小题,满分74分)19.(12分)已知在正四棱锥P﹣ABCD中(如图),高为1cm,其体积为4cm3,求异面直线PA与CD所成角的大小.20.(14分)在△ABC中,角A、B、C的对边分别为a、b、c,且满足(2b﹣c)cosA﹣acosC=0,(Ⅰ)求角A的大小;(Ⅱ)若,,试判断△ABC的形状,并说明理由.21.(14分)若函数y=f(x),如果存在给定的实数对(a,b),使得f(a+x)•f (a﹣x)=b恒成立,则称y=f(x)为“Ω函数”.(1)判断下列函数,是否为“Ω函数”,并说明理由;①f(x)=x3②f(x)=2x(2)已知函数f(x)=tanx是一个“Ω函数”,求出所有的有序实数对(a,b).22.(16分)已知函数f(x)=,数列{a n}满足a1=1,a n+1=f(a n),n∈N*.(1)求a2,a3,a4的值;(2)求证:数列{是等差数列.(3)设数列{b n}满足b n=a n﹣1•a n(n≥2),b1=3,S n=b1+b2+…+b n,若对一切n∈N*成立,求最小正整数m的值.23.(18分)已知△ABC的三个顶点在抛物线:x2=y上运动.(1)求的焦点坐标;(2)若点A在坐标原点,且∠BAC=,点M在BC上,且,求点M的轨迹方程;(3)试研究:是否存在一条边所在直线的斜率为的正三角形ABC,若存在,求出这个正三角形ABC的边长,若不存在,说明理由.2012年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷(理科)参考答案与试题解析一、填空题(共14小题,每小题4分,满分56分)1.(4分)计算:=﹣1.【考点】6F:极限及其运算.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】由极限的性质,把等价转化为(1﹣),由此能够求出结果.【解答】解:=(1﹣)=1﹣2=﹣1.故答案为:﹣1.【点评】本题考查极限的性质和应用,是基础题.解题时要认真审题,仔细解答,注意合理地进行等价转化.2.(4分)不等式的解集是(﹣2,1).【考点】7E:其他不等式的解法.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】不等式即,即(x﹣1)(x+2)<0,解此一元二次不等式求得解集.【解答】解:不等式即,即(x﹣1)(x+2)<0,解得﹣2<x <1,故不等式的解集是(﹣2,1),故答案为(﹣2,1).【点评】本题主要考查分式不等式的解法,体现了等价转化的数学思想,属于中档题.3.(4分)若全集U=R,函数y=3x﹣1的值域为集合A,则C U A=(﹣∞,﹣1].【考点】1F:补集及其运算;48:指数函数的定义、解析式、定义域和值域.【分析】由指数函数的值域知A={y|y>﹣1},再由全集U=R,能求出C U A.【解答】解:∵函数y=3x﹣1的值域为集合A,∴A={y|y>﹣1},∵全集U=R,∴C U A={y|y≤﹣1}=(﹣∞,﹣1].故答案为:(﹣∞,﹣1].【点评】本题考查指数函数的性质和应用,是基础题.解题时要认真审题,仔细解答,注意补集的性质和应用.4.(4分)若圆锥的母线长l=5(cm),高h=4(cm),则这个圆锥的体积等于12πcm3.【考点】L5:旋转体(圆柱、圆锥、圆台).【专题】11:计算题.【分析】利用勾股定理可得圆锥的底面半径,那么圆锥的体积=×π×底面半径2×高,把相应数值代入即可求解.【解答】解:∵圆锥的高是4cm,母线长是5cm,∴圆锥的底面半径为3cm,∴圆锥的体积=×π×32×4=12πcm3.故答案为:12πcm3.【点评】本题考查圆锥侧面积的求法.注意圆锥的高,母线长,底面半径组成直角三角形.5.(4分)在的展开式中,x2的系数为﹣14(用数字作答).【考点】DA:二项式定理.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】利用二项展开式的通项公式求出第r+1项,令x的指数为2,求出r,代入通项求出展开式中x2的系数.【解答】解:展开式的通项令得r=1故x2的系数为(﹣2)×C71=﹣14故答案为﹣14【点评】本题考查利用二项展开式的通项公式解决二项展开式的特定项问题.6.(4分)已知f(x)是R上的偶函数,且满足f(x+4)=f(x),当x∈(0,2)时,f(x)=2x2,则f(7)=2.【考点】3K:函数奇偶性的性质与判断;3Q:函数的周期性.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】先由f(x+4)=f(x),知函数f(x)为周期为4的函数,故f(7)=f (﹣1),再由f(x)是R上的偶函数,知f(﹣1)=f(1),最后代入已知解析式求值即可【解答】解:∵f(x+4)=f(x),∴f(7)=f(﹣1+4+4)=f(﹣1)∵f(x)是R上的偶函数∴f(﹣1)=f(1)∴f(7)=f(1)∵x∈(0,2)时,f(x)=2x2,∴f(7)=f(1)=2×12=2故答案为2【点评】本题考查了函数的周期性定义及其应用,函数的奇偶性应用,转化化归的思想方法7.(4分)若行列式=1,则x=0.【考点】O1:二阶矩阵.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】利用行列式的展开法则,由=1,得到4x﹣2•2x+2=1,再由指数方程能够求出x.【解答】解:∵=1,∴4x﹣2•2x+2=1,整理,得(2x)2﹣2•2x+1=0,解得2x=1,∴x=0.故答案为:0.【点评】本题考查二阶行列式的性质和应用,是基础题.解题时要认真审题,仔细解答,注意合理地进行等价转化.8.(4分)在100件产品中有90件一等品,10件二等品,从中随机取出4件产品.恰含1件二等品的概率是0.30.(结果精确到0.01)【考点】CB:古典概型及其概率计算公式.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】先求出从这批产品中抽取4个,则事件总数,然后求出其中恰好有一个二等品的事件的个数,最后根据古典概型的公式求出恰好有一个二等品的概率.【解答】解:从这批产品中抽取4个,则事件总数为C1004个,其中恰好有一个二等品的事件有C101•C903个,根据古典概型的公式可知恰好有一个二等品的概率为:=×=≈0.30.故答案为:0.30.【点评】本题考查的是随机事件概率的求法的运用,如果一个事件有n种可能,而且这些事件的可能性相同,其中事件A出现m种结果,那么事件A的概率P(A)=.9.(4分)某学校对学生进行该校大型活动的知晓情况分层抽样调查.若该校的高一学生、高二学生和高三学生分别有800人、1600人、1400人.若在高三学生中的抽样人数是70,则在高二学生中的抽样人数应该是80.【考点】B3:分层抽样方法.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】设在高二学生中的抽样人数应该是x,根据总体中各层的个体数之比等于样本中对应各层的样本数之比,可得=,由此解得x 的值.【解答】解:设在高二学生中的抽样人数应该是x,则由分层抽样的定义和方法可得,=,解得x=80,故答案为80.【点评】本题主要考查分层抽样的定义和方法,利用了总体中各层的个体数之比等于样本中对应各层的样本数之比,属于基础题.10.(4分)某算法的程序框如下图所示,则输出量y与输入量x满足的关系式是.【考点】EF:程序框图.【分析】根据流程图所示的顺序,逐框分析程序中各变量、各语句的作用可知:该程序的作用是根据输入x值的不同,根据不同的式子计算函数值.即求分段函数的函数值.【解答】解:根据流程图所示的顺序,程序的作用是分段函数的函数值.其中输出量y与输入量x满足的关系式是故答案为:【点评】根据流程图(或伪代码)写程序的运行结果,是算法这一模块最重要的题型,其处理方法是::①分析流程图(或伪代码),从流程图(或伪代码)中既要分析出计算的类型,又要分析出参与计算的数据(如果参与运算的数据比较多,也可使用表格对数据进行分析管理)⇒②建立数学模型,根据第一步分析的结果,选择恰当的数学模型③解模.11.(4分)若直线l:ax+by=1与圆C:x2+y2=1有两个不同的交点,则点P(a,b)与圆C的位置关系是P在圆外.【考点】J8:直线与圆相交的性质.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】由直线l与圆C有两个交点,得到直线l与圆C相交,可得出圆心到直线的距离小于圆的半径,故利用点到直线的距离公式列出关系式,整理并利用两点间的距离公式判断得到P到圆心的距离大于半径,可得出P在圆外.【解答】解:∵直线l:ax+by=1与圆C:x2+y2=1有两个不同的交点,∴直线l与圆C相交,即圆心C到直线l的距离d<r,∴<1,即>1,又P(a,b)到圆心C(0,0)的距离为,∴点P与圆C的位置关系为:P在圆外.故答案为:P在圆外【点评】此题考查了直线与圆的位置关系,以及点与圆的位置关系,涉及的知识有:点到直线的距离公式,以及两点间的距离公式,直线与圆的位置关系由d 与r大小判断,当d<r时,直线与圆相交;当d>r时,直线与圆相离;当d=r 时,直线与圆相切(其中d为圆心到直线的距离,r为圆的半径);点与圆的位置关系也由d与r的大小判断,当d<r时,点在圆内;当d>r时,点在圆外;当d=r时,点在圆上(其中d为此点到圆心的距离,r为圆的半径).12.(4分)已知x>0,y>0,且,若x+2y>m2+2m恒成立,则实数m 的取值范围是﹣4<m<2.【考点】3R:函数恒成立问题.【专题】11:计算题;16:压轴题.【分析】先把x+2y转化为(x+2y)展开后利用基本不等式求得其最小值,然后根据x+2y>m2+2m求得m2+2m<8,进而求得m的范围.【解答】解:∵,∴x+2y=(x+2y)=4++≥4+2=8∵x+2y>m2+2m恒成立,∴m2+2m<8,求得﹣4<m<2故答案为:﹣4<m<2.【点评】本题主要考查了基本不等式在最值问题中的应用.考查了学生分析问题和解决问题的能力.13.(4分)设函数f(x)=的反函数为y=f﹣1(x),若关于x的方程f﹣1(x)=m+f(x)在[1,2]上有解,则实数m的取值范围是.【考点】3R:函数恒成立问题;4R:反函数.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】由f(x)=可求得y=f﹣1(x),又关于x的方程f﹣1(x)=m+f (x)在[1,2]上有解,可得m=,从而可得答案.【解答】解:∵y=f(x)=,∴2x+1=2y,∴x=,∴y=f﹣1(x)=;∵关于x的方程f﹣1(x)=m+f(x)在[1,2]上有解,∴m=f﹣1(x)﹣f(x)=在[1,2]上有解,而y=为增函数,∴≤m≤,即≤m≤.故答案为:[,].【点评】本题考查反函数,通过反函数考查函数恒成立问题,考查转化思想与运算能力,属于中档题.14.(4分)若椭圆(a>b>1)内有圆x2+y2=1,该圆的切线与椭圆交于A,B两点,且满足(其中O为坐标原点),则9a2+16b2的最小值是49.【考点】9T:数量积判断两个平面向量的垂直关系;KJ:圆与圆锥曲线的综合.【专题】15:综合题.【分析】设切线方程为y=kx+m,代入椭圆方程,利用韦达定理,结合,可得a2(m2﹣b2k2﹣b2)+m2b2=0,利用y=kx+m是单位圆的切线,可得m2=k2+1,从而可得a2+b2=a2b2,可得a2>2,b2==1+,由此可求9a2+16b2的最小值.【解答】解:设切线方程为y=kx+m,代入椭圆方程得关于x的一元二次方程(b2+a2k2)x2+2a2kmx+a2m2﹣a2b2=0设A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),则x1+x2=,x1x2=∵∴x1x2+y1y2=x1x2+k2x1x2+km(x1+x2)+m2=0∴(k2+1)a2(m2﹣b2)﹣2k2m2a2+m2(a2k2+b2)=0∴a2(m2﹣b2k2﹣b2)+m2b2=0(*)因为y=kx+m是单位圆的切线,所以,即m2=k2+1代入(*)式子,得到a2(1﹣b2)m2+m2b2=0,所以a2+b2=a2b2由于a>b,所以a2b2=a2+b2>2b2,∴a2>2∵b2==1+代入得9a2+16b2=9a2++16=9(a2﹣1)++25≥49当且仅当a2﹣1=时取到最小值故答案为:49【点评】本题考查圆锥曲线的综合,考查圆的切线,考查韦达定理的运用,考查基本不等式求最值,利用韦达定理是关键.二、选择题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)15.(5分)下列函数中,既是偶函数,又是在区间(0,+∞)上单调递减的函数为()A.f(x)=10|x|B.f(x)=x3C.f(x)=lg D.f(x)=cosx 【考点】3E:函数单调性的性质与判断;3K:函数奇偶性的性质与判断.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】利用函数奇偶性的定义可排除B,利用函数的性质可排除D,利用复合函数的单调性即可得到答案.【解答】解:对于B,f(﹣x)=(﹣x)3=﹣x3=﹣f(x),为奇函数,与题意不符;对于D,偶函数f(x)=cosx在(0,+∞)上不是单调函数,故与题意不符;对于A,当x∈(0,+∞),f(x)=10x,在(0,+∞)上单调递增,与题意不符;而C,f(﹣x)=f(x),是偶函数,且当x∈(0,+∞)时,y=为减函数,y=lgx 为增函数,由复合函数的性质可知,偶函数f(x)=lg在区间(0,+∞)上单调递减,故选:C.【点评】本题考查函数奇偶性的判断,考查复合函数的单调性,掌握基本初等函数的性质是关键,属于中档题.16.(5分)若等比数列{a n}前n项和为,则复数z=在复平面上对应的点位于()A.第一象限B.第二象限C.第三象限D.第四象限【考点】89:等比数列的前n项和;A4:复数的代数表示法及其几何意义;A5:复数的运算.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】由等比数列{a n}前n项和为,得到a=﹣1.故z==,再由复数的代数形式的运算法则,求出z,从而得到z=在复平面上对应的点位于第几象限.【解答】解:∵等比数列{a n}前n项和为,∴a1=2+a,a2=(4+a)﹣(2+a)=2,a3=(8+a)﹣(4+a)=4,∴22=(2+a)×4,解得a=﹣1.∴z=====,∴复数z=在复平面上对应的点()位于第四象限.故选:D.【点评】本题考查复数的代数形式的运算法则和几何意义,解题时要认真审题,注意等比数列的性质和应用.17.(5分)已知函数f(x)=,则“c=﹣1”是“函数f(x)在R上递增”的()A.充分而不必要条件B.必要而不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件【考点】29:充分条件、必要条件、充要条件;3E:函数单调性的性质与判断;4O:对数函数的单调性与特殊点.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】先看当c=﹣1时,根据对数函数的性质和一次函数的性质可推断出函数f(x)在R上递增,判定出充分性;同时当“函数f(x)在R上递增”时,c 不一定等于﹣1,可判断出不必要性.最后综合可得答案.【解答】解:当c=﹣1时,当由于函数y=log2x和函数y=x+c均是单调增,∴函数f(x)在R上递增,故“c=﹣1”是“函数f(x)在R上递增”的充分条件,当“函数f(x)在R上递增”时,c不一定等于﹣1,故可知“c=﹣1”是“函数f(x)在R上递增”的不必要条件.故选:A.【点评】本题主要考查了函数单调性的判断,对数函数的单调性以及必要条件、充分条件、充要条件的判断.综合性较强.18.(5分)若F1,F2分别为双曲线C:的左、右焦点,点A在双曲线C上,点M的坐标为(2,0),AM为∠F1AF2的平分线.则|AF2|的值为()A.3B.6C.9D.27【考点】KC:双曲线的性质.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】利用双曲线的方程求出双曲线的参数值,利用内角平分线定理得到两条焦半径的关系,再利用双曲线的定义得到两条焦半径的另一条关系,联立求出焦半径|AF2|.【解答】解:双曲线C:的左、右焦点坐标分别为F1(﹣6,0),F2(6,0).不妨设A在双曲线的右支上∵AM为∠F1AF2的平分线∴==2又∵|AF1|﹣|AF2|=2a=6解得|AF2|=6故选:B.【点评】本题着重考查了双曲线的简单性质、三角形内角平分线定理和余弦定理等知识点,属于中档题.三、解答题(共5小题,满分74分)19.(12分)已知在正四棱锥P﹣ABCD中(如图),高为1cm,其体积为4cm3,求异面直线PA与CD所成角的大小.【考点】LM:异面直线及其所成的角.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】连接AC、BD交于O点,连接PO.根据锥体体积公式,结合题中数据可算出正四棱锥的底面边长,从而用勾股定理算出PA长,然后在△PAB中,利用余弦定理计算出∠PAB的余弦值,因为CD∥AB,所以这个余弦值就是PA与CD所成角θ的余弦值,从而得到异面直线PA与CD所成角的大小.【解答】解:连接AC、BD交于O点,连接PO,则PO就是正四棱锥的高设异面直线PA与CD所成角的大小θ,底边长为a,则依题意得,正四棱锥P﹣ABCD体积为V=a2×1=4 …(4分)∴a=2,可得AC=2Rt△PAO中,OA=,PO=1∴PA==…(7分)因为CD∥AB,所以直线PA与AB所成的锐角就是PA与CD所成角θ.…(9分)△PAB中,PA=PB=,AB=2,∴cos∠PAB==,即cosθ=,所以PA与CD所成角θ=arccos.…(12分)【点评】本题给出一个正四面体,叫我们求异面直线所成角,着重考查了正棱锥的性质、余弦定理和异面直线所成角的求法等知识,属于基础题.20.(14分)在△ABC中,角A、B、C的对边分别为a、b、c,且满足(2b﹣c)cosA﹣acosC=0,(Ⅰ)求角A的大小;(Ⅱ)若,,试判断△ABC的形状,并说明理由.【考点】HP:正弦定理;HR:余弦定理.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】(1)先利用正弦定理把(2b﹣c)cosA﹣acosC=0中的边转化成角的正弦,进而化简整理得sinB(2cosA﹣1)=0,求得cosA,进而求得A.(2)根据三角形面积公式求得bc,进而利用余弦定理求得b2+c2进而求得b和c,结果为a=b=c,进而判断出∴△ABC为等边三角形.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)∵(2b﹣c)cosA﹣acosC=0,由正弦定理,得(2sinB﹣sinC)cosA﹣sinAcosC=0,∴2sinBcosA﹣sin(A+C)=0,sinB(2cosA﹣1)=0,∵0<B<π,∴sinB≠0,∴,∵0<A<π,∴.(Ⅱ)∵,即∴bc=3①由余弦定理可知cosA==∴b2+c2=6,②由①②得,∴△ABC为等边三角形.【点评】本题主要考查了正弦定理和余弦定理的应用.考查了学生分析问题和灵活运用所学知识的能力.21.(14分)若函数y=f(x),如果存在给定的实数对(a,b),使得f(a+x)•f (a﹣x)=b恒成立,则称y=f(x)为“Ω函数”.(1)判断下列函数,是否为“Ω函数”,并说明理由;①f(x)=x3②f(x)=2x(2)已知函数f(x)=tanx是一个“Ω函数”,求出所有的有序实数对(a,b).【考点】3R:函数恒成立问题.【专题】15:综合题.【分析】(1)根据新定义,列出方程恒成立,通过判断方程的解的个数判断出f (x)=x3不是“Ω函数”,f(x)=2x是“Ω函数”;(2)据题中的定义,列出方程恒成立,通过两角和差的正切公式展开整理,令含未知数的系数为0,即可求出a,b.【解答】解:(1)①若f(x)=x3是“Ω函数”,则存在实数对(a,b),使得f (a+x)•f(a﹣x)=b,即(a2﹣x2)3=b时,对x∈R恒成立…(2分)而x2=a2﹣最多有两个解,矛盾,因此f(x)=x3不是“Ω函数”…(3分)②若f(x)=2x是“Ω函数”,则存在常数a,b使得2a+x•2a﹣x=22a,即存在常数对(a,22a)满足,因此f(x)=2x是“Ω函数”(6分)(2)解:函数f(x)=tanx是一个“Ω函数”,设有序实数对(a,b)满足,则tan(a﹣x)tan(a+x)=b恒成立当a=kπ+,k∈Z时,tan(a﹣x)tan(a+x)=﹣cot2x,不是常数;…(8分)因此a≠kπ+,k∈Z,当x≠mπ+,m∈Z时,则有(btan2a﹣1)tan2x+(tan2a﹣b)=0恒成立,所以btan2a﹣1=0且tan2a﹣b=0∴tan2a=1,b=1∴a=kπ+,k∈Z,b=1 …(13分)∴当x=mπ+,m∈Z,a=kπ±时,tan(a﹣x)tan(a+x)=cot2a=1.因此满足f(x)=tanx是一个“Ω函数”的实数对(a,b)=(kπ±,1),k ∈Z…(14分)【点评】本题考查理解题中的新定义、判断函数是否具有特殊函数的条件、利用新定义得到恒等式、通过仿写的方法得到函数的递推关系,属于中档题.22.(16分)已知函数f(x)=,数列{a n}满足a1=1,a n+1=f(a n),n∈N*.(1)求a2,a3,a4的值;(2)求证:数列{是等差数列.(3)设数列{b n}满足b n=a n﹣1•a n(n≥2),b1=3,S n=b1+b2+…+b n,若对一切n∈N*成立,求最小正整数m的值.【考点】83:等差数列的性质;8K:数列与不等式的综合.【专题】15:综合题.【分析】(1)由a1=1,,分别令n=1,2,3,能够求出a2,a3,a4.(2)由,得=,由此能够证明{}是等差数列.(3)由=,得到,故b n=a n﹣1a n=(﹣),利用裂项求和法得到S n=,由此能够求出对一切n∈N*成立时最小正整数m的值.【解答】(1)解:由a1=1,,得a2==,a3==,a4==.…(3分)(2)证明:由,得=,…(8分)所以,{}是首项为1,公差为的等差数列,…(9分)(3)解:由(2)得=1+=,∴,…﹣(10分)当n≥2时,b n=a n﹣1a n=(﹣),当n=1时,上式同样成立,…(12分)所以S n=b1+b2+b3+…+b n==,因为,所以对一切n∈N*成立,…(14分)又随n递增,且(1﹣)=,所以,所以m≥2021,∴m min=2021.…(16分)【点评】本题考查等差数列的证明,考查最小正整数的求法.解题时要认真审题,熟练掌握数列知识和不等式知识,注意合理地进行等价转化.23.(18分)已知△ABC的三个顶点在抛物线:x2=y上运动.(1)求的焦点坐标;(2)若点A在坐标原点,且∠BAC=,点M在BC上,且,求点M的轨迹方程;(3)试研究:是否存在一条边所在直线的斜率为的正三角形ABC,若存在,求出这个正三角形ABC的边长,若不存在,说明理由.【考点】K8:抛物线的性质;KH:直线与圆锥曲线的综合;KK:圆锥曲线的轨迹问题.【专题】15:综合题.【分析】(1)由抛物线的方程,可得抛物线的焦点在y轴上,开口向上,故可得焦点坐标;(2)设点M的坐标为(x,y),设出AB、AC方程与抛物线方程联立,确定B、C的坐标,从而可得BC的方程,利用,即可求得点M的轨迹方程;(3)设A、B、C的坐标,求得△ABC的三边所在直线的斜率,若AB边所在直线的斜率为,AB边所在直线和x轴的正方向所成角为α(0°<α<90°),则tanα=,得出坐标之间的关系,即可求得|AB|.【解答】解:(1)由x2=y可得焦点在y轴的正半轴上,且2p=1,所以,焦点坐标为(0,)…(3分)(2)设点M的坐标为(x,y),AB方程为y=kx,由∠BAC=得AC方程为y=﹣,则得B(k,k2),同理可得C(﹣,)∴BC方程为y﹣k2=恒过定点P(0,1),…(10分)∴∵∴,所以,﹣x×x+y(1﹣y)=0,即y2+x2﹣y=0(y≠0)(3)设A(p,p2),B(q,q2),C(r,r2),△ABC的三边所在直线AB,BC,CA的斜率分别是p+q,q+r,r+p﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣①…(12分)若AB边所在直线的斜率为,AB边所在直线和x轴的正方向所成角为α(0°<α<90°),则tanα=,所以…(14分)∴q﹣p=tan(α﹣60°)﹣tan(α+60°)=﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣②又p+q=tanα=﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣③…(16分)所以,|AB|==…(18分)【点评】本题考查抛物线的性质,考查轨迹方程的求解,考查向量知识的运用,考查直线的斜率的计算,综合性强.。

杨浦区四区联考2012学年度第二学期高三(文)

杨浦区四区联考2012学年度第二学期高三(文)

杨浦区2012学年度第二学期高三年级学业质量调研(二)数学试卷(文科) 2013.04.(满分150分,答题时间120分钟)一.填空题(本大题满分56分)本大题共有14题,考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对得4分,否则一律得零分.1.已知全集R U =,集合{}0322>--=x x x A ,则=A C U . 2.若复数z 满足)2(z i z -=(i 是虚数单位),则=z . 3.已知直线012=++y x 的倾斜角大小是θ,则=θ2tan . 4.若关于y x 、的二元一次方程组⎩⎨⎧=-+-=+-04)12(03y x m y mx 有唯一一组解,则实数m 的取值范围是 .5.已知函数)(x f y =和函数)1(log 2+=x y 的图像关于直线0=-y x 对称,则函数)(x f y =的解析式为 .6.已知双曲线的方程为1322=-y x ,则此双曲线的焦点到渐近线的距离为 . 7.函数xx x x x f cos sin sin cos )(=的最小正周期=T .8.若⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤+≥≥621y x y x ,则目标函数y x z +=2的最小值为 .9.执行如图所示的程序框图,若输入p 的值是7,则输出S 的值是 .10.已知圆锥底面半径与球的半径都是1cm ,如果圆锥的体积恰好也与球的体积相等,那么这 个圆锥的母线长为 cm .11.某中学在高一年级开设了4门选修课,每名学生必须参加这4门选修课中的一门,对于该年级的甲乙2名学生,这2名学生选择的选修课相同的概率是 (结果用最简分数 表示).12.各项为正数的无穷等比数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,若1lim 1=+∞→n nn S S , 则其公比q 的取值范围是 .13.已知函数x x x f =)(.当[]1,+∈a a x 时,不等式)(4)2(x f a x f >+恒成立,则实数a 的 取值范围是 .14.函数)(x f y =的定义域为[)(]1,00,1 -,其图像上任一点),(y x P 满足122=+y x .①函数)(x f y =一定是偶函数;②函数)(x f y =可能既不是偶函数,也不是奇函数; ③函数)(x f y =可以是奇函数;④函数)(x f y =如果是偶函数,则值域是[)1,0或(]0,1-; ⑤函数)(x f y =值域是()1,1-,则)(x f y =一定是奇函数. 其中正确命题的序号是 (填上所有正确的序号).二、选择题(本大题满分20分)本大题共有4题,每题有且只有一个正确答案,考生应在答案纸的相应编号上,填上正确的答案,选对得5分,否则一律得零分. 15.已知),2(ππα∈,53sin =α,则)4tan(πα-的值等于………………………( ) (A )71. (B )71- . (C )7 . (D )7-.16.一个空间几何体的正视图、侧视图为两个边长是1的正方形, 俯视图是直角边长为1的等腰直角三角形,则这个几何体的表面积 等于 ………………………………………………( ) (A ) 22+. (B )23+. (C )24+. (D )6.17. 若直线2=+by ax 通过点)sin ,(cos ααM ,则 ………………………………( ) (A ) 422≤+b a . (B )422≥+b a . (C )41122≤+b a . (D )41122≥+b a .18.某同学为了研究函数)10()1(11)(22≤≤-+++=x x x x f 的 性质,构造了如图所示的两个边长为1的正方形ABCD 和BEFC , 点P 是边BC 上的一个动点,设x CP =,则PF AP x f +=)(.那么,可推知方程222)(=x f 解的个数是……………………………………( ) (A )0. (B )1. (C )2. (D )4.三、解答题(本大题满分74分)本大题共5题,解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19.(本题满分12分)本题共有2小题,第1小题满分5分,第2小题满分7分 .如图,设计一个正四棱锥形冷水塔,高是85.0米,底面的边长是5.1米. (1)求这个正四棱锥形冷水塔的容积;(2)制造这个水塔的侧面需要多少平方米钢板? (精确到01.0米2)PD0.851.5ESO20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分 .如图所示,扇形AOB ,圆心角AOB 的大小等于3π,半径为2,在半径OA 上有一动点C ,过点C 作平行于OB 的直线交弧AB 于点P . (1)若C 是OA 的中点,求PC ;(2)设θ=∠COP ,求△POC 周长的最大值及此时θ的值.21.(本题满分14分)本题共有2小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分.已知椭圆141222=+Γy x :. (1)直线AB 过椭圆Γ的中心交椭圆于B A 、两点,C 是它的右顶点,当直线AB 的斜率为1时,求△ABC 面积;(2)设直线2+=kx y l :与椭圆Γ交于Q P 、两点,且线段PQ 的垂直平分线过椭圆Γ与y 轴负半轴的交点D ,求实数k 的值.22.(本题满分16分)本题共有3小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分6分.已知函数a x x f +=2)(.(1)若函数))((x f f y =的图像过原点,求)(x f 的解析式; (2)若12)()(++=bx x f x F 是偶函数,在定义域上ax x F ≥)(恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围; (3)当1=a 时,令)())(()(x f x f f x λϕ-=,问是否存在实数λ,使)(x ϕ在()1,-∞-上是减函数,在()0,1-上是增函数?如果存在,求出λ的值;如果不存在,请说明理由.23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分.已知数列}{n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且21=a ,3)1(1++=+n n S na n n .从}{n a 中抽出部分项 ,,,,21n k k k a a a ,)(21 <<<<n k k k 组成的数列}{n k a 是等比数列,设该等比数列的公比为q ,其中*1,1N n k ∈=. (1)求2a 的值;(2)当q 取最小时,求}{n k 的通项公式; (3)求n k k k +++ 21的值.。

杨浦区数学卷答案(理、文):2013.1.5,

杨浦区数学卷答案(理、文):2013.1.5,

杨浦区2012学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研2013.1.5一.填空题:1. 0;2.2;3.2;4. ⎩⎨⎧==11y x (向量表示也可);5.2arctan ;6. 33±;7. π508. 2013;9.(文)1=x 或1=y ;(理)③⑤;10. (文) 92 (理) 367;11. x x y 222-= 12. 48;13.(文) 1- (理)221;14.(文) )1,0( (理) 0; 二、选择题:15.)(A ;16.)(D ;17.)(B ;18. )(C .三、解答题19.(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分5分,第2小题满分7分 . (1)由已知得,,32,2==AB AC ………2分 所以 ,体积33831==∆--PA S V ABC ABC P ………5分 (2)取AC 中点F ,连接EF DF ,,则DF AB //,所以EDF ∠就是异面直线AB 与ED 所成的角θ. ………7分 由已知,52,32,2=====PC AB AD EA AC ,EF DF EF AB ⊥∴⊥, . ………10分在EFD Rt ∆中,5,3==EF DF ,所以,315tan =θ. ………12分 (其他解法,可参照给分)20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分7分,第2小题满分7分 .(文)解:(1)因为π()cos()410f αα=-=,则sin )210αα+=, 所以 7cos sin 5αα+=. ………3分 平方得,22sin 2sin cos cos αααα++=4925, ………5分 所以 24sin 225α=. ………7分 (2)因为()π()2g x f x f x ⎛⎫=⋅+⎪⎝⎭=ππcos()cos()44x x -⋅+=(cos sin )(cos sin )22x x x x +⋅-………9分 =221(cos sin )2x x - =1cos 22x . ………11分当ππ,63x ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦时,π2π2,33x ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦. ………12分 所以,当0x =时,()g x 的最大值为12; ………13分 当π3x =时,()g x 的最小值为14-. ………14分 (理)解:(1)因为x x x f 2sin 22sin 3)(-=12cos 2sin 3-+=x x ………2分1)62sin(2-+=πx ………4分所以,22T ππ==,即函数()f x 的最小正周期为π ………5分 πππππk x k 2236222+≤+≤+,)(,326Z k k x k ∈+≤≤+ππππ 所以)(x f 的单调递减区间为)(],32,6[Z k k k ∈++ππππ………7分 (2)因为36ππ≤≤-x ,得65626πππ≤+≤-x , 所以有1)62sin(21≤+≤-πx ………8分 由2)62sin(21≤+≤-πx ,即11)62sin(22≤-+≤-πx ………10分所以,函数()f x 的最大值为1. ………12分此时,因为65626πππ≤+≤-x ,所以,262ππ=+x ,即6π=x . ………14分21.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分 . (文)(1)解:设椭圆C 的半焦距是c .依题意,得 1c =. ………1分由题意得 a c 24=,2=a2223b a c =-=. ………4分 故椭圆C 的方程为 22143x y +=. ………6分 (2)解:当MN x ⊥轴时,显然00y =. ………7分当MN 与x 轴不垂直时,可设直线MN 的方程为(1)(0)y k x k =-≠.由 22(1),3412,y k x x y =-⎧⎨+=⎩消去y 整理得 0)3(48)43(2222=-+-+k x k x k . ………9分设1122(,),(,)M x y N x y ,线段MN 的中点为33(,)Q x y ,则 2122834k x x k +=+. (10)分所以 212324234x x k x k +==+,3323(1)34ky k x k -=-=+. 线段MN 的垂直平分线方程为)434(1433222k k x k k k y +--=++. 在上述方程中令0=x ,得k kkk y 4314320+=+=. ………12分当0k <时,34k k +≤-0k >时,34k k+≥所以00y ≤<,或00y <≤. ………13分 综上,0y的取值范围是[,1212-. ………14分方法2、(可参照方法1给分)(1)由已知得,0>x ,则22)(≥+=xx x f ………1分 当且仅当xx 2=时,即2=x 等号成立, [)∞+=∴,22M ………3分所以,()22,∞-=M C U ………4分 (2)由题得 ⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+-≥x x a 2 ………5分 函数⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-=x x y 2在⎥⎦⎤⎝⎛∈21,0x 的最大值为29- ………9分 29-≥∴a (10)分(3)设⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+0002,x x x P ,则直线PA 的方程为()0002x x x x y --=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-, 即0022x x x y ++-=, ………11分 由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧++-==0022xx x y xy 得)1,1(0000x x x x A ++ (13)分又⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+002,0x x B , ………14分 所以)1,1(00x x PA -=,)0,(0x PB -=,故1)(100-=-=⋅x x PB PA ………16分23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分.(文)(1)因为点1,+n n P P 都在直线b kx y +=上, 所以k x x S S nn nn =--++11,得n n kx x k =-+1)1(, ………2分其中0111≠-=kx . ………3分 因为常数0≠k ,且1≠k ,所以11-=+k kx x n n 为非零常数. 所以数列{}n x 是等比数列. ………4分(2)由n n x y 21log =,得6821-=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛=n y n nx , ………7分所以81=-k k ,得78=k . ………8分 由n P 在直线上,得b kx S n n +=, ………9分令1=n 得7871785111--=-=-=x x S b . ………10分(3)由n n x y 21log =知1>n x 恒成立等价于0<n y .因为存在t 、∈s n *N ,t s ≠使得点()s y t ,和点()t y s ,都在直线12+=x y 上.由12+=t y s 与12+=s y t 做差得:)(2s t y y t s -=-. ………12分易证{}n y 是等差数列,设其公差为d ,则有d t s y y t s )(-=-,因为t s ≠,所以02<-=d ,又由2)(2++=+s t y y t s ,而4)(22)2)(1()2)(1(111++-=--++--+=+t s y t y s y y y t s得2)(24)(221++=++-s t t s y 得 01)(21>-+=t s y 即:数列是首项为正,公差为负的等差数列,所以一定存在一个最小自然数M , (16)分使,⎩⎨⎧<≥+001M M y y , 即⎩⎨⎧<-+-+≥--+-+0)2(1)(20)2)(1(1)(2M t s M t s 解得2121++≤<-+t s M t s因为*∈N M ,所以t s M +=,即存在自然数M ,其最小值为t s +,使得当M n > 时,1>n x 恒成立. ………18分 (理)解:(1)11a ==,21111a a ====, ………2分12-=k a ,则121211-=+==+kk a a所以1n a . ………4分(2)1a a a ==,所以114a <<,所以14a1<<, ①当112a <<,即12a 1<<时,211111a a a a a===-=,所以210a a +-=,解得a =(1(1)2a =,,舍去). (6)分②当1132a <≤,即123a <≤时,211112a a a a a===-=,所以2210a a +-=,解得1a ==(111(]32a =∉,,舍去). ………7分 ③当1143a <≤,即134a <≤时,211113a a a a a===-=,所以2310a a +-=,解得32a -=(311(]243a -=,,舍去). ………9分综上,{a =1=-a }. ………10分 (3)成立. ………11分 (证明1)由a 是有理数,可知对一切正整数n ,n a 为0或正有理数,可设nnn q p a =(n p 是非负整数,n q 是正整数,且nnq p 既约). ………12分 ①由111q p q pa ==,可得q p <≤10; ………13分 ②若0≠n p ,设βα+=n n p q (n p <≤β0,βα,是非负整数)则nn n p p q βα+= ,而由n n n q p a =得n n n p q a =1 nn n n n p p q a a β===+11,故β=+1n p ,n n p q =+1,可得n n p p <≤+10 ………14分 若0=n p 则01=+n p , ………15分 若q a a a a ,,,,321⋅⋅⋅均不为0,则这q 正整数互不相同且都小于q ,但小于q 的正整数共有1-q 个,矛盾. ………17分 故q a a a a ,,,,321⋅⋅⋅中至少有一个为0,即存在)1(q m m ≤≤,使得0=m a .从而数列{}n a 中m a 以及它之后的项均为0,所以对不大q 于的自然数n ,都有0=n a . (证法2,数学归纳法) ………18分(其它解法可参考给分)。

杨浦区2012学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研

杨浦区2012学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研

杨浦区2012学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研数学试卷(文、理科) 2013.1.考生注意: 1.答卷前,考生务必在答题纸写上姓名、考号, 并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上.2.本试卷共有23道题,满分150分,考试时间120分钟.一.填空题(本大题满分56分)本大题共有14题,考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对得4分,否则一律得零分. 1. 若函数()x x f 3=的反函数为()x f 1-,则()=-11f.2.若复数ii z -=1 (i 为虚数单位) ,则=z .3.抛物线x y 42=的焦点到准线的距离为 . 4. 若线性方程组的增广矩阵为⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛211321,则该线性方程组的解是 . 5.若直线l :012=--x y ,则该直线l 的倾斜角是 . 6. 若7)(a x +的二项展开式中,5x 的系数为7,则实数=a . 7. 若圆椎的母线cm 10=l ,母线与旋转轴的夹角030=α,则该圆椎的侧面积为 2cm .8. 设数列}{n a (n ∈*N )是等差数列.若2a 和2012a 是方程03842=+-x x 的两根,则数列}{n a 的前2013 项的和=2013S ______________.9. (理)下列函数:① xx f 3)(=, ②3)(x x f =, ③xx f 1ln)(= , ④2cos)(xx f π=⑤1)(2+-=x x f 中,既是偶函数,又是在区间()∞+,0上单调递减函数为 (写出符合要求的所有函数的序号).(文)若直线l 过点()1,1-,且与圆221x y +=相切,则直线l 的方程为 .10.将一颗质地均匀的骰子连续投掷两次,朝上的点数依次为b 和c , (文) 则2≤b 且3≥c 的概率是____ ___ .(理) 则函数c bx x x f ++=2)(2图像与x 轴无公共点的概率是____ ___ . 11.若函数1)23(log )(+-=x a x f (1,0≠>a a )的图像过定点P ,点Q 在曲线 022=--y x 上运动,则线段PQ 中点M 轨迹方程是 . 12.如图,已知边长为8米的正方形钢板有一个角锈蚀,其中4AE =米,6C D =米. 为了合理利用这块钢板,将在五边 形A B C D E 内截取一个矩形块B N P M ,使点P 在边D E 上. 则矩形BNPM 面积的最大值为____ 平方米 .13.(文)设ABC ∆的内角C B A 、、的对边长分别为c b a 、、,且c A b B a 53cos cos =- ,则B A cot tan 的值是___________.(理)在ABC ∆中,若4π=∠A ,7)tan(=+B A ,23=AC ,则ABC ∆的面积为___________.14.(文) 已知函数()()⎩⎨⎧≤-->+=.0,2,0,1log 22x x x x x x f 若函数()()m x f x g -=有3个零点, 则实数m 的取值范围是___________. (理)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,直线mx y 23+=与圆222n yx =+相切,其中、m n ∈*N ,10≤-<n m .若函数()n m x f x -=+1的零点()1,0+∈k k x ,Z k ∈, 则=k ________.二、选择题(本大题满分20分)本大题共有4题,每题有且只有一个正确答案,考生应在答题纸的相应编号上,填上正确的答案,选对得5分,否则一律得零分.15. “3=a ”是“函数22)(2+-=ax x x f 在区间[)+∞,3内单调递增”的………( ))(A 充分非必要条件. )(B 必要非充分条件. )(C 充要条件. )(D 既非充分又非必要条件.16.若无穷等比数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,首项为1,公比为23-a ,且a S n n =∞→lim ,A MEPDCBNF(n ∈*N ),则复数ia z +=1在复平面上对应的点位于 ………( ))(A 第一象限. )(B 第二象限. )(C 第三象限. )(D 第四象限.)(A. )(B)(C. )(D .18. 已知数列{}n a 是各项均为正数且公比不等于1的等比数列(n ∈*N ). 对于函数()y f x =,若数列{}ln ()n f a 为等差数列,则称函数()f x 为“保比差数列函数”. 现有定义在(0,)+∞上的如下函数:①1()f x x=, ②2()fx x =, ③()e x f x =, ④()f x =,则为“保比差数列函数”的所有序号为 ………( ))(A ①②. )(B ③④. )(C ①②④. )(D ②③④ .三、解答题(本大题满分74分)本大题共5题,解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤 .19.(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分5分,第2小题满分7分 . 如图,在三棱锥ABC P -中,⊥PA 平面ABC ,AB AC ⊥,4==BC AP ,︒=∠30ABC ,E D 、分别是AP BC 、的中点, (1)求三棱锥ABC P -的体积;(2)若异面直线AB 与ED 所成角的大小为θ,求θtan 的值.20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分7分,第2小题满分7分 .PABCDE(文) 已知函数π()cos()4f x x =-,(1)若()10f α=,求sin 2α的值;(2)设()()2g x f x f x π⎛⎫=⋅+⎪⎝⎭,求()g x 在区间ππ,63⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上的最大值和最小值. (理)已知 x x x f 2sin 22sin 3)(-= ,(1)求)(x f 的最小正周期和单调递减区间;(2)若⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-∈3,6ππx ,求)(x f 的最大值及取得最大值时对应的x 的取值.21.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分 . (文)已知椭圆:C 22221(0)x y a b ab+=>>的两个焦点分别是()0,11-F 、()0,12F ,且焦距是椭圆C 上一点P 到两焦点21F F 、距离的等差中项. (1)求椭圆C 的方程;(2)设经过点2F 的直线交椭圆C 于N M 、两点,线段M N 的垂直平分线交y 轴于点),0(0y Q ,求0y 的取值范围.已知函数)0(121)(>-=x x x x f 的值域为集合A ,(1)若全集R U =,求A C U ; (2)对任意⎥⎦⎤⎝⎛∈21,0x ,不等式()0≥+a x f 恒成立,求实数a 的范围; (3)设P 是函数()x f 的图像上任意一点,过点P 分别向直线x y =和y 轴作垂线,垂足分别为A 、B ,求PB PA ⋅的值.23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分.(文) 设数列{}n x 满足0>n x 且1≠n x (n ∈*N ),前n 项和为n S .已知点),(111S x P , ),(222S x P ,()n n n S x P ,,⋅⋅⋅都在直线b kx y +=上(其中常数k b 、且0≠k ,1≠k , 0≠b ),又n n x y 21log=.(1)求证:数列{}n x 是等比数列; (2)若n y n 318-=,求实数k ,b 的值;(3)如果存在t 、∈s *N ,t s ≠使得点()s y t ,和点()t y s ,都在直线12+=x y 上.问是否存在正整数M ,当M n >时,1>n x 恒成立?若存在,求出M 的最小值,若不存在,请说明理由.(理)对于实数x ,将满足“10<≤y 且y x -为整数”的实数y 称为实数x 的小数部分,用记号x 表示,对于实数a ,无穷数列{}n a 满足如下条件:⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=≠==+.0,0,0,1,11n n nn a a a a a a 其中⋅⋅⋅=,3,2,1n .(1)若2=a ,求数列{}n a ;(2)当41>a 时,对任意的n ∈*N ,都有a a n =,求符合要求的实数a 构成的集合A .(3)若a 是有理数,设qp a = (p 是整数,q 是正整数,p 、q 互质),问对于大于q 的任意正整数n ,是否都有0=n a 成立,并证明你的结论.。

上海中考数学杨浦区基础测试卷答案 2012

上海中考数学杨浦区基础测试卷答案 2012

初三数学基础考试卷—1— 杨浦区初三数学基础测试卷答案 2012.3一、 选择题(每题4分,共24分) 1、 D ;2、B ;3、B ;4、B ;5、A ;6、C 二、 填空题(每题4分,共48分)7、(2)(2)x x x +-;8;9、12y x =-;10、0,或-16;11、2520x x --=;12、29; 13、2350(1)299x -=;14、x ≤1;15、6;16、156;17、12;18、8三、解答题19、解:原式=221121x x x x x --⋅-+-----------------------------------------------------1分,1分 =21(1)(1)(1)x x x x x --+⋅------------------------------------------------------------4分 =1x x +------------------------------------------------------------------------------2分 当x=2时,原式=32-------------------------------------------------------------------------------2分20、解:由352x x -<解得5x <-------------------------------------------------------------3分由1212x x -≤+解得1x ≥---------------------------------------------------------3分∴不等式组的解为15x -≤<------------------------------------------------------2分图略------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2分 21、解:∵CD ⊥AB ,∠CDB =30°,∴设BE=a ,则---------------------1分∵AB 是⊙O 的直径,弦CD ⊥AB 于点E ,∴CE=DE ,-----------------------------2分 ∵OC=OB=3, ∴OE=3-a----------------------------------------------------------1分 ∴在Rt △OEC 中,222OC CE OE =+,-------------------------------------------------2分∴2233)a a =+,∴2a =,----------------------------------------------------2分2232CD CE ===--------------------------------------------------------------2分 22、(1)2;50;-----------------------------------------------------------------------------2分,2分 (2)20-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2分 (3)略-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2分 (4)180-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2分初三数学基础考试卷—2—23、证明:(1)AF BC ∥,AFE DCE ∴=∠∠ -----------------------1分E 是AD 的中点,AE DE ∴=. ------------------------------------------1分又∵∠AEF=∠DEC ,∴△AEF ≌△DEC --------------------------------------2分AF DC ∴=,-----------------------------------------------------------------------1分AF BD = B D C D∴= ---------------------------------------------1分 (2)四边形AFBD 是矩形 ----------------------------------------------------2分AB AC =,D 是BC 的中点AD BC ∴⊥ ,90ADB ∴=∠--------1分 AF BD =,AF BC ∥∴四边形AFBD 是平行四边形 -------------2分又90ADB =∠ ∴四边形AFBD 是矩形.------------------------------------1分 24、解:(1)由题意得A (-2,0),B (0,1) ∵△AOB 旋转至△COD ,∴C (0,2),D (1,0)----------------------------------------2分 ∵2y ax bx c =++过点A 、D 、C ,∴04202a b c a b c c=-+⎧⎪=++⎨⎪=⎩,∴112a b c =-⎧⎪=-⎨⎪=⎩,即抛物线是22y x x =--+-----------------2分(2)设对称轴与x 轴交点为Q 。

【VIP专享】杨浦区2012学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研数学试卷(理)参考答案

【VIP专享】杨浦区2012学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研数学试卷(理)参考答案

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杨浦区四区联考2012学年度第二学期高三(文) (1)

杨浦区四区联考2012学年度第二学期高三(文) (1)

杨浦区2012学年度第二学期高三年级学业质量调研(二)数学试卷(理科) 2013.04.(满分150分,答题时间120分钟)一.填空题(本大题满分56分)本大题共有14题,考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对得4分,否则一律得零分.1.已知全集R U =,集合{}0322>--=x x x A ,则=A C U . 2.若复数z 满足)2(z i z -=(i 是虚数单位),则=z . 3.已知直线012=++y x 的倾斜角大小是θ,则=θ2tan . 4.若关于y x 、的二元一次方程组⎩⎨⎧=-+-=+-04)12(03y x m y mx 有唯一一组解,则实数m 的取值范围是 .5.已知函数)(x f y =和函数)1(log 2+=x y 的图像关于直线 0=-y x 对称,则函数)(x f y =的解析式为 .6.已知双曲线的方程为1322=-y x ,则此双曲线的焦点到渐近线的距 离为 . 7.函数xx xx x x x f sin cos sin 2)cos(cos sin )(--+=π的最小正周期=T .8.若nx )21(+展开式中含3x 项的系数等于含x 项系数的8倍,则正整数=n .9.执行如图所示的程序框图,若输入p 的值是7,则输出S 的值是 .10.已知圆锥底面半径与球的半径都是1cm ,如果圆锥的体积恰好也与球的体积相等, 那么这个圆锥的母线长为 cm .11.某中学在高一年级开设了4门选修课,每名学生必须参加这4门选修课中的一门,对于该年级的甲、乙、丙3名学生,这3名学生选择的选修课互不相同的概率是 (结果 用最简分数表示).12.各项为正数的无穷等比数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,若1lim1=+∞→n nn S S , 则其公比q 的取值范 围是 .13.已知两个不相等平面向量α,(≠)满足|β|=2,且与-α的夹角为120°,则||的最大值是 .14.给出30行30列的数表A :⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛1074216183150117216342720131832721159150201510511713951,其特点是每行每列都构 成等差数列,记数表主对角线上的数10743421101,,,,, 按顺序构成数列{}n b ,存在正 整数)1(t s t s <<、使t s b b b ,,1成等差数列,试写出一组),(t s 的值 . 二、选择题(本大题满分20分)本大题共有4题,每题有且只有一个正确答案,考生应在答案纸的相应编号上,填上正确的答案,选对得5分,否则一律得零分. 15.已知),2(ππα∈,53sin =α,则)4tan(πα-的值等于………………………( )(A )71. (B )71- . (C ) 7. (D )7-.16.已知圆C 的极坐标方程为θρsin a =,则“2=a ”是“圆C 与极轴所在直线相切”的 ………………………………………………………………………………( ) (A )充分不必要条件.(B )必要不充分条件.(C )充要条件.(D )既不充分又不必要条件. 17. 若直线2=+by ax 经过点)sin ,(cos ααM ,则 …………………………( )(A ) 422≤+b a . (B ) 422≥+b a . (C )41122≤+b a . (D )41122≥+b a .18.已知集合{})(),(x f y y x M ==,若对于任意M y x ∈),(11,存在M y x ∈),(22,使 得02121=+y y x x 成立,则称集合M 是“Ω集合”. 给出下列4个集合: ① ⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧==x y y x M 1),( ②{}2),(-==xe y y x M ③{}x y y x M cos ),(== ④ {}x y y x M ln ),(==其中所有“Ω集合”的序号是……………………………………………………( ) (A )②③ . (B )③④ . (C )①②④. (D )①③④.三、解答题(本大题满分74分)本大题共5题,解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19.(本题满分12分)本题共有2小题,第1小题满分5分,第2小题满分7分.在棱长为2的正方体1111D C B A ABCD -中,F E ,分别为CD B A ,11的中点. (1)求直线EC 与平面11BCC B 所成角的大小; (2)求二面角B AF E --的大小.20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分 .如图所示,扇形AOB ,圆心角AOB 的大小等于3π,半径为2,在半径OA 上有一动点C ,过点C 作平行于OB 的直线交弧AB 于点P . (1)若C 是半径OA 的中点,求线段PC 的大小;(2)设θ=∠COP ,求△POC 面积的最大值及此时θ的值.21.(本题满分14分)本题共有2小题,第1小题满分7分,第2小题满分7分 .已知函数a x x f +=2)(. (1)若12)()(++=bx x f x F 是偶函数,在定义域上ax x F ≥)(恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围; (2)当1=a 时,令)())(()(x f x f f x λϕ-=,问是否存在实数λ,使)(x ϕ在()1,-∞-上是减函数,在()0,1-上是增函数?如果存在,求出λ的值;如果不存在,请说明理由.22.(本题满分16分)本题共有3小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分6分.已知点)0,1(A ,1P 、2P 、3P 是平面直角坐标系上的三点,且1AP 、2AP 、3AP 成等差数列,公差为d ,0≠d .(1)若1P 坐标为()1,1-,2d =,点3P 在直线3180x y --=上时,求点3P 的坐标; (2)已知圆C 的方程是222)3()3(r y x =-+-)0(>r ,过点A 的直线交圆于31P P 、两点,2P 是圆C 上另外一点,求实数d 的取值范围;(3)若1P 、2P 、3P 都在抛物线24y x =上,点2P 的横坐标为3,求证:线段13P P 的垂直平分线与x 轴的交点为一定点,并求该定点的坐标.23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分.已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且满足a a =1 (3≠a ),nn n S a 31+=+,设n n n S b 3-=,*∈N n .(1)求证:数列{}n b 是等比数列;(2)若1+n a ≥n a ,*∈N n ,求实数a 的最小值; (3)当4=a 时,给出一个新数列{}n e ,其中⎩⎨⎧≥==2,1,3n b n e nn ,设这个新数列的前n 项和为n C ,若n C 可以写成p t (*∈N p t ,且1,1>>p t )的形式,则称n C 为“指数型和”.问{}n C 中的项是否存在“指数型和”,若存在,求出所有“指数型和”;若不存在,请说明理由.。

2012杨浦一模考答案

2012杨浦一模考答案

高三学科测试 化学答案 第1 页 共2页杨浦区2011学年度高三学科测试化学答案及评分标准 2011.12一.选择题(每小题2分,共10分)1. D2. B3. C4. A5. A二.选择题(每小题3分,共36分)6. D7. C8. A9. B 10. B 11. B 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. C 16. D 17. B三.选择题(每小题4分,共20分)18.C 19. AD 20. AC 21. BD 22. BCII 卷说明: 除标明外,每空1分四、共8分23. 分子 ;共价键 24. 5; 25.Ca>Si>P>C>O (2分) 26.c d (2分,各一分)五、共8分27.2Fe 3++S 2—→2Fe 2+ +S ↓;SFe(SCN)3 (合理即可)。

2229.S 2—>Fe 2+>SCN — 30. 32+10OH —→2FeO 42—+ 6Cl —+8H 2O六、共8分31.C(s)+ H 2O(g)CO(g)+ H 2(g)(不写物质的状态也给分)(2分); 吸热 32.a b (2分) 33.升高温度、增大水的浓度 34.0.004mol/(L ﹒min) 七、共12分35.36.把浓硫酸缓慢加入浓硝酸中,边加边振荡(2分)。

减少硝酸的分解和挥发37.苯和硝酸(2分)38.硝基苯和苯都比混合酸轻,但硝基苯比水重、苯比水轻且都不溶于水,所以若油珠下沉,说明有硝基苯生成。

(2分)39.分液漏斗。

用胶头滴管(或玻棒)取最后一次洗涤液,滴到pH 试纸上,测得pH=7。

40.蒸馏。

b八、共12分41.CO 32—+H 2O HCO 3—+2OH —;升温,促进水解,溶液碱性增强,使反应充分进行。

42.Fe 2O 3 +6H +→2Fe 3++3H 2O , 2Fe 3+ +Fe →3Fe 2+43.铁粉不再溶解,铁粉表面不再有气泡产生44.100mL 容量瓶 Fe 3++3OH —→Fe(OH)3↓(合理即可)45.③灼烧(加热) ⑥恒重操作确保氢氧化铁完全分解成了氧化铁 46.0.07a (2分)Ca 2+ [:CC:]2— . . . .. . NO 2高三学科测试 化学答案 第2 页 共2页九、共8分 47.4 48.2+ +H 2O (2分) 49.缩聚50.(2分) 1,2,3-三甲基苯 (2分) 十、12分51.醛基、碳碳双键 52.消除反应;加聚反应53.浓硫酸,加热;氢氧化钠溶液,加热54. (2分)55.(2分) 56.5(2分)十一、16分57.ClO 2 1.12 58. ①97% (2分) ②1.47g/L (2分)59. ①0.005mol 或0.042mol (4分)②0.036mol (3分)60.(3分)OH nCH 2=CCH 3 n CH 3 +nCH 2=C —CH=CH 2—C —CH 2—C=CH —CH 2] CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2=CCOOH +H 2O 浓硫酸 △ CH 3 +HOCH 2CH 2OH CH 2=CCOOCH 2CH 2OH CH 3 O 2+ 2CH 3CHCH 3 2O CH 3 HO C CH 3 OH 36 (KBrO 3)OH CH 3。

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上海市部分学校九年级数学抽样测试试卷 2012.1.5(测试时间:100分钟,满分:150分)考生注意:1.本试卷含三个大题,共25题.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效.2.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤.3.本次测试可使用科学计算器. 一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分) 1.下列函数中,属于二次函数的是 (A )32-=x y ; (B )22)1(x x y -+=; (C )x x y 722-=;(D )22x y -=. 2.抛物线422-+-=x x y 一定经过点(A )(2,-4); (B )(1,2); (C )(-4,0); (D )(3,2). 3.已知在Rt △ABC 中,∠C =90°,∠A =α,AC =3,那么AB 的长为(A )αsin 3; (B )αcos 3; (C )αsin 3; (D )αcos 3. 4.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中有一点P (8,15),那么OP 和x 轴正半轴所夹的角的正弦值等于(A )178; (B )1715; (C )158; (D )815.5.如果△ABC ∽△DEF ,且△ABC 的三边长分别为3、5、6,△DEF 的最短边长为9,那么△DEF 的周长等于(A )14; (B )5126; (C )21; (D )42.6.下列五幅图均是由边长为1的16个小正方形组成的正方形网格,网格中的三角形的顶点都在小正方形的顶点上,那么在下列右边四幅图中的三角形,和左图中的△ABC 相似的个数有(A )1个; (B )2个; (C )3个; D )4个.二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)7.如果3=y ,那么y x x -3= ▲ .8.已知在△ABC 中,点D 、E 分别在边AB 、AC 上,DE //BC ,53=AB AD ,那么CEAE的值等于 ▲ . 9.已知P 是线段AB 的一个黄金分割点,且AB =20cm ,AP >BP ,那么AP = ▲ cm . 10.如果抛物线k x k y ++=2)4(的开口向下,那么k 的取值范围是 ▲ . 11.二次函数m x x y ++=62图像上的最低点的横坐标为 ▲ . 12.一个边长为2厘米的正方形,如果它的边长增加x 厘米,面积随之增加y 平方AC BA BD P(第13题图)厘米,那么y 关于x 的函数分析式是 ▲ .13.如图,已知在△ABC 中,AB =3,AC =2,D 是边AB 上的一点,∠ACD =∠B ,∠BAC 的平分线AQ 和CD 、BC 分别相交于点P 和点Q ,那么AQAP的值等于 ▲ . 14.已知在△ABC 中,AB =AC =5cm ,BC =35,那么∠A = ▲ 度.15.已知在△ABC 中,∠C =90°,BC =8,AB =10,点G 为重心,那么GCB ∠tan 的值为 ▲ . 16.向量a 和单位向量e 的方向相反,且长度为5,那么用向量e 表示向量a 为 ▲ .17.如果从灯塔A 处观察到船B 在它的北偏东35°方向上,那么从船B 观察灯塔A 的方向是 ▲ . 18.将等腰△ABC 绕着底边BC 的中点M 旋转30°后,如果点B 恰好落在原△ABC 的边AB 上,那么∠A 的余切值等于 ▲ . 三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分,其中第(1)小题4分,第(2)小题6分)已知抛物线32++=mx x y 的对称轴为x =-2.(1)求m 的值;(2)如果将此抛物线向右平移5个单位后,求所得抛物线和y 轴的交点坐标. 20.(本题满分10分,其中第(1)小题6分,第(2)小题4分)如图,已知在△ABC 中,点D 在边AC 上,CD ∶AD =1∶2,=,=. (1)试用向量,表示向量; (2)求作:a b -21.(不要求写作法,但要指出所作图中表示结论的向量)21.(本题满分10分,其中每小题各5分)已知:如图,在△ABC 中,AB =6,BC =8,∠B =60°. 求:(1)△ABC 的面积; (2)∠C 的余弦值.22.(本题满分10分)已知:如图,矩形DEFG 的一边DE 在△ABC 的边BC 上,顶点G 、F 分别在边AB 、AC 上,AH 是边BC 上的高,AH 和GF 相交于点K ,已知BC =12,AH =6,EF ∶GF =1∶2,求矩形DEFG 的周长. 23.(本题满分12分,其中第(1)小题5分,第(2)小题7分) 已知:如图,斜坡AP 的坡度为1∶2.4,坡长AP 为26米,在坡顶A 处的同一水平面上有一座古塔BC ,在斜坡底P 处测得该塔的塔顶B 的仰角为45°,在坡顶A 处测得该塔的塔顶B 的仰角为76°.求:(1)坡顶A 到地面PQ 的距离;(2)古塔BC 的高度(结果精确到1米). (参考数据:sin76°≈0.97,cos76°≈0.24,tan76°≈4.01) 24.(本题满分12分,其中第(1)小题5分,第(2)小题7分) 已知:如图,在△ABC 中,AD 是边BC 上的中线,点E 在线段BD 上,且BE =ED ,过点B 作BF ∥AC ,交线段AE 的延长线于点A(第24题图)BCDE AP B C Q (第23题图)A B CDH EFGK(第22题图)A B C (第21题图)AB (第20题图)DF .(1)求证:AC =3BF ;(2)如果ED AE 3=,求证:BE AC AE AD ⋅=⋅.25.(本题满分14分,其中第(1)、(2)小题各4分,第(3)小题6分)已知:如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,二次函数c bx x y ++-=231的图像经过点A (-1,1)和点B(2,2),该函数图像的对称轴和直线OA 、OB 分别交于点C 和点D .(1)求这个二次函数的分析式和它的对称轴; (2)求证:∠ABO =∠CBO ;(3)如果点P 在直线AB 上,且△POB 和△BCD 相似,求点P 的坐标.上海市部分学校九年级数学抽样测试参考答案及评分说明一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分) 1.C ; 2.A ; 3.D ; 4.B ; 5.D ; 6.B . 二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)7.9; 8.23; 9.10510-; 10.k <-4; 11.-3;12.x x y 42+=; 13.32;14.120; 15.43; 16.5-; 17.南偏西35°;18.3.三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.解:(1)由题意,得22-=-m.……………………………………………………(2分) ∴m =4.…………………………………………………………………………(2分)(2)此抛物线的表达式为1)2(3422-+=++=x x x y .……………………(2分) ∵向右平移5个单位后,所得抛物线的表达式为1)3(2--=x y ,即862+-=x x y .………………………………………………………………(2分)∴它和y 轴的交点坐标为(0,8).……………………………………………(2分)20.解:(1)∵CD ∶AD =1∶2,∴CA CD 31=,得31=.…………(2分)∵b a BC BA CA -=-=. ………………(2分) ∴b a b a CD 3131)(31-=-=………………(1分) ∴3231)(31+=-+=+=.…………………………(1分)(第25题图)yxOA B11 -1 -1A B DM(2)-=21.……………………………………(画图正确3分,结论1分) 21.解:(1)作AH ⊥BC ,垂足为点H .在Rt △ABH 中,∵∠AHB =90°,∠B =60°,AB =6,∴BH =3,33=AH .………(2分,2分)∴S △ABC =31233821=⨯⨯.…………………………………………………(1分) (2)∵BC =8,BH =3,∴CH =5. ………………………………………………(1分) 在Rt △ACH 中,∵33=AH ,CH =5,∴132=AC .………………………………………(2分)∴261351325cos ===AC CH C .………………………………………………(2分) 22.解:设EF =x ,则GF =2x .∵GF ∥BC ,AH ⊥BC ,∴AK ⊥GF .∵GF ∥BC ,∴△AGF ∽△ABC .………………………………………………(2分)∴BCGFAH AK =.…………………………………………………………………(2分) ∵AH =6,BC =12,∴12266xx =-.……………………………………………(2分) 解得x =3.………………………………………………………………………(2分) ∴矩形DEFG 的周长为18.……………………………………………………(2分)23.解:(1)过点A 作AH ⊥PQ ,垂足为点H .∵斜坡AP 的坡度为1∶2.4,∴125=PH AH .…………………………………(2分)设AH =5k ,则PH =12k ,由勾股定理,得AP =13k . ∴13k =26. 解得k =2.∴AH =10.………………………………………………………………………(2分) 答:坡顶A 到地面PQ 的距离为10米.………………………………………(1分) (2)延长BC 交PQ 于点D .∵BC ⊥AC ,AC ∥PQ ,∴BD ⊥PQ .…………………………………………(1分) ∴四边形AHDC 是矩形,CD =AH =10,AC =DH .……………………………(1分) ∵∠BPD =45°,∴PD =BD . …………………………………………………(1分) 设BC =x ,则x +10=24+DH . ∴AC =DH =x -14.在Rt △ABC 中,AC BC =︒76tan ,即0.414≈-x x.…………………………(2分)解得356=x ,即19≈x .………………………………………………………(1分)答:古塔BC 的高度约为19米.………………………………………………(1分)24.证明:(1)∵BF ∥AC ,∴BECEBF AC =.………………………………………………(2分) ∵BD =CD ,BE =DE ,∴CE =3BE .……………………………………………(2分)∴AC =3BF .………………………………………………………………………(1分) (2)∵ED AE 3=,∴223ED AE =.…………………………………………(1分) 又∵CE =3ED ,∴CE ED AE ⋅=2.……………………………………………(1分)∴CEAEAE ED =.……………………………………………………………………(1分) ∵∠AED =∠CEA ,∴△AED ∽△CEA .………………………………………(1分) ∴AEED AC AD =.…………………………………………………………………(1分) ∵ED =BE ,∴AEBEAC AD =.……………………………………………………(1分) ∴BE AC AE AD ⋅=⋅.…………………………………………………………(1分)25.解:(1)由题意,得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧++-=+--=.2342,311c b c b ………………………………………………(1分)解得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==.2,32c b ……………………………………………………………………(1分)∴所求二次函数的分析式为232312++-=x x y .……………………………(1分)对称轴为直线x =1.……………………………………………………………(1分) 证明:(2)由直线OA 的表达式y =-x ,得点C 的坐标为(1,-1).…………………(1分)∵10=AB ,10=BC ,∴AB =BC .………………………………………(1分) 又∵2=OA ,2=OC ,∴OA =OC .………………………………………(1分) ∴∠ABO =∠CBO .………………………………………………………………(1分) 解:(3)由直线OB 的表达式y =x ,得点D 的坐标为(1,1).………………………(1分)由直线AB 的表达式3431+=x y , 得直线和x 轴的交点E 的坐标为(-4,0).……………………………………(1分) ∵△POB 和△BCD 相似,∠ABO =∠CBO ,∴∠BOP =∠BDC 或∠BOP =∠BCD . (i )当∠BOP =∠BDC 时,由∠BDC ==135°,得∠BOP =135°.∴点P 不但在直线AB 上,而且也在x 轴上,即点P 和点E 重合. ∴点P 的坐标为(-4,0).………………………………………………………(2分) (ii )当∠BOP =∠BCD 时,由△POB ∽△BCD ,得BCBDBO BP =. 而22=BO ,2=BD ,10=BC ,∴1052=BP .又∵102=BE ,∴1058=PE .作PH ⊥x 轴,垂足为点H ,BF ⊥x 轴,垂足为点F .∵PH ∥BF ,∴EFEHBE PE BF PH ==. 而BF =2,EF =6,∴58=PH ,524=EH .∴54=OH .∴点P 的坐标为(54,58).……………………………………………………(2分)综上所述,点P 的坐标为(-4,0)或(54,58).。

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