第二讲 主谓一致(高考英语语法复习)

4）the+adj. 表示一类人 或物做主语时
如 the+
blind,deaf, living,dead,
wounded,poor,rich old, young等
The dead are soon forgotten. The rich are not always happy. Generally speaking the young are eager for success.
a number of them ________ absent for different
reasons . (2019 NMET)
A. were, was
B. was , was
C✓. was, were
D. were; were.
a number of 表示“很多”的意思，修饰可数名词
的复数。The number of表示“数量，号码”作主
✓A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
这个句子看上去是and连接的两个并列短语充当主 语，本应用复数形式的谓语，但这两个短语表达 的是同一事件的两个方面，可以看成是一个整体， 因此使用单数的谓语动词；而从句意可判断此句 谓语动词需使用被动语态。
问题3：
Not only I but also Jane and Mary ___ tired of
having one examination after another.
A. is
✓B. are C. am D. be
以连词or, either…or , neither …nor, there be, not
问题2：
A library with five thousand books ____ to the nation
as a gift . （NMET）
✓A. is offered
B. has offered
C. are offered
D. have offered
主语后有as well as, like, with, together with, but, except, besides,等，谓语应于前面主语保持一致． A professor, together with some students, was sent to help in the work. No one but the teachers is allowed to use the room.
5) the+姓的复数形式表一家人
The Whites are going to make a trip to London. The Greens were watching TV when a fire broke out.
（二）谓语动词常用单数的情况
1）可数名词的单数及不可数名词作主语时。 2）表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作 主语，表达一个整体概念时。 Twenty years is only a short time in human history.
由“a lot of , (lots of, plenty of, the rest of ) +名词”
构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数＋名词”构成
的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中
后面名词是否可数而定。
Three-fourths of the surface is sea .
问题7：
All but one_____here just now . (2019 NMET)
My family is a big family. My family are listening to the radio. The police are trying to catch the thief.
问题11：
The rich ___ not always happy.
A. is B. has C. have ✓D. are
语，其谓语动词用单数形式。
问题6：
_____ of the southern hemisphere (南半球) _____
with water.
A. Four-five; is covered
✓B. Four-fifths; is covered
C. Four-fifth, are covered D. Four-fifths, are covered.
Bread and butter tastes good. 类似的表达式有：
( a needle and thread, a horse and cart, a watch and chain, a coat and tie）
Truth and honesty are the foundation of my real
only…but also 连接的复合主语，其谓语与其相
邻的那个名词ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้数保持一致，即就近原则。
Eg. You or I am to be invited.
问题4：
Nobody but Jane _____the secret.
A. know ✓B. knows C. have known D. is known
安徽省青阳中学 周美灵
主谓一致
在线课堂501/502班 2020.2.11
高考考点分析
1、用and连接两个并列成分； 2、介词with伴随主语； 3、就近原则； 4、各种代词的主谓一致; 5、短语和从句作主语； 6、定语从句中的主谓一致。
问题 1： When and where to build the new factory ____ yet. （NMET）
the exam.
问题9：
Mathematics ____ the language of science.
A✓. is B. are going to be C. are
以-ics结尾的学科名词，如“mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, 等，形式上为复数，实际为单数，它们作主语时， 其谓语动词要用单数形式。 另外：复数名词用作书，电影、戏剧、报刊、国家等名称 时，谓语动词用单数。 His “selected Poems”____ first published in 1965.
A. need B. are needed C. is needed D✓. needs
2. What I say and think ____ no business of yours.
A. is B. are C. were ✓D. both A and B 当动名词短语、不定式短语和从句作主语时，谓语动 词用单数。如果用 and 连接两个从句或短语作主语，则 需看是表示一个整体还是不同的两件事。题（2）中的 “What I say and think” 既可理解为同一件事也可理解 为不同的两个动作。 （注意：从句作主语时有时需根据表语来定。）
B) All that can be done has been done . All have gone to the park .
问题8：
He is the only one of the students who ____ a winner of scholarship for three years. (上海春季)
✓ A. were B. was C. has been
问题10：
His family ___ all football fans.
A. is B. has been C. are being D✓. are
集体名词看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数；集体名词看 成个体，谓语用复数．但people, police, cattle等只能用 复数．
either, neither, each, every或no + 单数名词和由 some, any, no, every 构成的不定代词都作单数看 待。 Each of us has a new pen . Everything that is around us is matter.
问题5：
The number of people invited _______ fifty, but
（一）谓语动词常用复数的情况
1）主语为复数名词或代词 The teachers are respected in the world.
2) 当people , police, cattle 等集体名词作主语，形式上 为单数而意义却是复数，谓语用复数
The police are looking for the missing child.
A. is B. are C. have been ✓D. has been
who, which, that 作定语从句主语时，谓语取决于先行词 Those who want to go should sign your names here. He is one of the students who have passed the exam. He is the（only）one of the students who has passed
1．两个或两个以上做主语的单数名词用and连接， 谓语用复数．
Tom and Dick are good friends. 但若表示一个集合体时则用单数。
A singer and dancer was present at the party. The worker and writer is talking to the students。
形容词加定冠词 the表示一类人时，谓语用复数。 What a simple life the poor were living! The young are happy to give their seats to the old.
问题12:
1. Growing vegetables ____ constant watering.
The cattle are kept in his farm. 3）山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的复数名词作主语。
The Olympic Games are held once every four years.
The Rocky mountains stand in the west of the north America
life.
2．用 and 连接的两个名词若被 no, each, every, many a, 修饰，则谓语用单数。(More than one + n. 谓语单数) No bird and no beast is seen in the bare island. Many a boy and many a girl has made such a funny experiment. At Christmas each boy and each girl is given a present. 3. 如果 and 后面加 no 或 not, 谓语也用单数形式， My friend, and not hers, is chosen to join the army. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
A. is B .was C. have been ✓D. were
A) what, who, which, any, more, most, all 等代词可以是 单数也可是复数，主要依意思而定。 Which is your pen ? 哪是你的笔？ Which are your pens? 哪些是你们的笔？
3)主语从句、动词不定式、动名词 形式作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。
Looking after the children is my full time job. To die for the people is a worthy death. When and where to hold the meeting is unknown. Whatever was left was taken away.