2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学试卷及答案

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同步练习题考试题试卷教案上海市初中毕业统一学业考试度试题及答案

同步练习题考试题试卷教案上海市初中毕业统一学业考试度试题及答案

2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数 学 卷(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)考生注意:1.本试卷含三个大题,共25题;2.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效.3.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤.一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的,选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.】1.计算32()a 的结果是(B ) A .5aB .6aC .8aD .9a2.不等式组1021x x +>⎧⎨-<⎩,的解集是( C )A .1x >-B .3x <C .13x -<<D .31x -<<3.用换元法解分式方程13101x x x x --+=-时,如果设1x y x-=,将原方程化为关于y 的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( A ) A .230y y +-= B .2310y y -+=C .2310y y -+=D .2310y y --=4.抛物线22()y x m n =++(m n ,是常数)的顶点坐标是( B ) A .()m n ,B .()m n -,C .()m n -,D .()m n --,5.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( C )A .正六边形B .正五边形C .正四边形 C .正三边形 6.如图1,已知AB CD EF ∥∥,那么下列结论正确的是(A )A .AD BCDF CE = B .BC DFCE AD =C .CD BCEF BE= D .CD ADEF AF= 二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分) 【请将结果直线填入答题纸的相应位置】A B D C E F图1781=的根是 x=2 .9.如果关于x 的方程20x x k -+=(k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k =.10.已知函数1()1f x x =-,那么(3)f = —1/2 .11.反比例函数2y x=图像的两支分别在第 I III 象限.12.将抛物线2y x =向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是 .13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 1/6 .14.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m ,那么该商品现在的价格是100*(1—m)^2 元(结果用含m 的代数式表示).15.如图2,在ABC △中,AD 是边BC 上的中线,设向量 , 如果用向量a ,b 表示向量AD ,那么AD =a +(b /2).16.在圆O 中,弦AB 的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA = 5 .17.在四边形ABCD 中,对角线AC 与BD 互相平分,交点为O .在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是AC=BD 或者有个内角等于90度 .18.在Rt ABC △中,903BAC AB M ∠==°,,为边BC 上的点,联结AM (如图3所示).如果将ABM △沿直线AM 翻折后,点B 恰好落在边AC 的中点处,那么点M 到AC 的距离是 2 .三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分)计算:22221(1)121a a a a a a +-÷+---+. = —120.(本题满分10分)解方程组:21220y x x xy -=⎧⎨--=⎩,①.②(X=2 y=3 ) (x=-1 y=0)图2AA 图3B M C=142y x =BC b =AB a =21.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)如图4,在梯形ABCD 中,86012AD BC AB DC B BC ==∠==∥,,°,,联结AC . (1)求tan ACB ∠的值;(2)若M N 、分别是AB DC 、的中点,联结MN ,求线段MN 的长. (1) 二分之根号3(2)822.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分2分,第(2)小题满分3分,第(3)小题满分2分,第(4)小题满分3分)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).表一根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果):(1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是 20% ;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是 6 ;(3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是 35% ; (4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是 5 .23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)已知线段AC 与BD 相交于点O ,联结AB DC 、,E 为OB的中点,F 为OC 的中点,联结EF (如图6所示).(1)添加条件A D ∠=∠,OEF OFE ∠=∠,求证:AB DC =. 证明:由已知条件得:2OE=2OC OB=OC 又 A D ∠=∠角AOB=角DOC 所以三角形ABO 全等于三角形DOC 所以AB DC =(2)分别将“A D ∠=∠”记为①,“OEF OFE ∠=∠”记为②,“AB DC =”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 真 命题,命题2是 假 命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格). 24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)A DC图4 B 九年级八年级 七年级六年级25%30% 25% 图5图6 O D CAB E F在直角坐标平面内,O 为原点,点A 的坐标为(10),,点C 的坐标为(04),,直线CM x ∥轴(如图7所示).点B 与点A 关于原点对称,直线y x b =+(b 为常数)经过点B ,且与直线CM 相交于点D ,联结OD . (1)求b 的值和点D 的坐标; (2)设点P 在x 轴的正半轴上,若POD △是等腰三角形,求点P 的坐标;(3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切,求圆O 的半径.解:(1)点B (—1,0),代入得到 b=1 直线BD :y=x+1Y=4代入 x=3 点D (3,1)(2)1、PO=OD=5 则P (5,0)2、PD=OD=5 则PO=2*3=6 则点P (6,0)3、PD=PO 设P (x ,0) D (3,4)则由勾股定理 解得 x=25/6 则点P (25/6,0)(3)由P ,D 两点坐标可以算出:1、r=5—2、PD=5 r=13、PD=25/6 r=025.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分5分)已知9023ABC AB BC AD BC P ∠===°,,,∥,为线段BD 上的动点,点Q 在射线AB 上,且满足PQ ADPC AB=(如图8所示). (1)当2AD =,且点Q 与点B 重合时(如图9所示),求线段PC 的长; (2)在图8中,联结AP .当32AD =,且点Q 在线段AB 上时,设点B Q 、之间的距离为x ,APQ PBCS y S =△△,其中APQ S △表示APQ △的面积,PBC S △表示PBC △的面积,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当AD AB <,且点Q 在线段AB 的延长线上时(如图10所示),求QPC ∠的大小.ADPCBQ 图8DAPCB(Q ) 图9图10CADPBQ xb解:(1)AD=2,且Q 点与B 点重合,根据题意,∠PBC=∠PDA ,因为∠A=90。

2009年上海市中考数学试卷

2009年上海市中考数学试卷

2009年上海市中考数学试卷一、选择题(共6小题,每小题4分,满分24分)1.(2009•上海)抛物线y=2(x+m)2+n(m,n是常数)的顶点坐标是()A.(m,n)B.(﹣m,n)C.(m,﹣n)D.(﹣m,﹣n)2.(2009•上海)下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是()A.正六边形B.正五边形C.正四边形D.正三边形3.(2009•上海)如图,已知AB∥CD∥EF,那么下列结论正确的是()A.B.C.D.4.计算(a3)2的结果是()A.a5B.a6C.a8D.a﹣15.(2009•上海)不等式组的解集是()A.x>﹣1 B.x<3 C.﹣1<x<3 D.﹣3<x<1 6.(2009•上海)用换元法解分式方程﹣+1=0时,如果设=y,将原方程化为关于y的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是()A.y2+y﹣3=0 B.y2﹣3y+1=0 C.3y2﹣y+1=0 D.3y2﹣y﹣1=0二、填空题(共12小题,每小题4分,满分48分)7.(2009•上海)某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m,那么该商品现在的价格是_________元(结果用含m的代数式表示).8.(2009•上海)如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是_________.9.(2009•上海)如图,在△ABC中,AD是边BC上的中线,设向量,如果用向量,表示向量,那么=_________.10.如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠BAC=90°,AB=3,M为BC上的点,连接AM,如果将△ABM 沿直线AM翻折后,点B恰好落在边AC的中点处,求点M到AC的距离.11.(2009•上海)在圆O中,弦AB的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA=_________.12.(2009•上海)将抛物线y=x2﹣2向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是_________.13.(2009•上海)方程的根是x=_________.14.(2009•上海)分母有理化:=_________.15.(2009•上海)如果关于x的方程x2﹣x+k=0(k为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k= _________.16.反比例函数图象的两分支分别在第_________象限.17.(2009•上海)已知函数f(x)=,那么f(3)=_________.18.(2009•上海)在四边形ABCD中,对角线AC与BD互相平分,交点为O.在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是_________.三、解答题(共7小题,满分78分)19.(2009•上海)已知线段AC与BD相交于点O,连接AB、DC,E为OB的中点,F为OC的中点,连接EF(如图所示).(1)添加条件∠A=∠D,∠OEF=∠OFE,求证:AB=DC.(2)分别将“∠A=∠D”记为①,“∠OEF=∠OFE”记为②,“AB=DC”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是_________命题,命题2是_________命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格).20.(2009•上海)在直角坐标平面内,O为原点,点A的坐标为(1,0),点C的坐标为(0,4),直线CM∥x轴(如图所示).点B与点A关于原点对称,直线y=x+b(b为常数)经过点B,且与直线CM相交于点D,连接OD.(1)求b的值和点D的坐标;(2)设点P在x轴的正半轴上,若△POD是等腰三角形,求点P的坐标;(3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD为半径的圆P与圆O外切,求圆O的半径.21.(2009•上海)已知∠ABC=90°,AB=2,BC=3,AD∥BC,P为线段BD上的动点,点Q在射线AB上,且满足(如图1所示).(1)当AD=2,且点Q与点B重合时(如图2所示),求线段PC的长;(2)在图1中,连接AP.当AD=,且点Q在线段AB上时,设点B、Q之间的距离为x,,其中S△APQ表示△APQ的面积,S△PBC表示△PBC的面积,求y关于x的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当AD<AB,且点Q在线段AB的延长线上时(如图3所示),求∠QPC的大小.22.(2009•上海)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果):(1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是_________;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是_________;(3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是_________;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是_________.23.(2009•上海)计算:24.(2009•上海)解方程组:25.(2009•上海)如图,在梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,AB=DC=8,∠B=60°,BC=12,连接AC.(1)求tan∠ACB的值;(2)若M、N分别是AB、DC的中点,连接MN,求线段MN的长.2009年上海市中考数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(共6小题,每小题4分,满分24分)1.(2009•上海)抛物线y=2(x+m)2+n(m,n是常数)的顶点坐标是()A.(m,n)B.(﹣m,n)C.(m,﹣n)D.(﹣m,﹣n)考点:二次函数的性质。

2009年上海市中考数学及答案

2009年上海市中考数学及答案

12009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数 学 卷(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)考生注意:1.本试卷含三个大题,共25题;2.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效.3.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤.一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的,选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.】 1.计算32()a 的结果是( ) A .5aB .6aC .8aD .9a2.不等式组1021x x +>⎧⎨-<⎩,的解集是( )A .1x >-B .3x <C .13x -<<D .31x -<<3.用换元法解分式方程13101x x x x --+=-时,如果设1x y x-=,将原方程化为关于y 的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( ) A .230y y +-= B .2310y y -+=C .2310y y -+=D .2310y y --=4.抛物线22()y x m n =++(m n ,是常数)的顶点坐标是( ) A .()m n ,B .()m n -,C .()m n -,D .()m n --,5.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( )A .正六边形B .正五边形C .正四边形 C .正三边形 6.如图1,已知AB CD EF ∥∥,那么下列结论正确的是( )A .AD BCDF CE = B .BC DFCE AD =C .CD BCEF BE= D .CD ADEF AF= 二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)A B D C E F图12【请将结果直线填入答题纸的相应位置】 7.分母有理化:81=的根是 .9.如果关于x 的方程20x x k -+=(k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k = .10.已知函数1()1f x x =-,那么(3)f = . 11.反比例函数2y x=图像的两支分别在第 象限.12.将抛物线2y x =向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是 .13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 .14.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m ,那么该商品现在的价格是 元(结果用含m 的代数式表示).15.如图2,在ABC △中,AD 是边BC 上的中线,设向量 , 如果用向量a ,b 表示向量AD ,那么AD =16.在圆O 中,弦AB 的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA = .17.在四边形ABCD 中,对角线AC 与BD 互相平分,交点为O .在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是 .18.在Rt ABC △中,903BAC AB M ∠==°,,为边BC 上的点,联结AM (如图3所示).如果将ABM △沿直线AM 翻折后,点B 恰好落在边AC 的中点处,那么点M 到AC 的距离是 . 三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分)计算:22221(1)121a a a a a a +-÷+---+.20.(本题满分10分)解方程组:21220y x x xy -=⎧⎨--=⎩,①.②图2AA 图3B M C=BC b =AB a =321.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)如图4,在梯形ABCD 中,86012AD BC AB DC B BC ==∠==∥,,°,,联结AC . (1)求tan ACB ∠的值;(2)若M N 、分别是AB DC 、的中点,联结MN ,求线段MN 的长.22.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分2分,第(2)小题满分3分,第(3)小题满分2分,第(4)小题满分3分)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).表一根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果): (1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是 ;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是 ; (3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是 ;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是 .23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)已知线段AC 与BD 相交于点O ,联结AB DC 、,E 为OB的中点,F 为OC 的中点,联结EF (如图6所示).(1)添加条件A D ∠=∠,OEF OFE ∠=∠,求证:AB DC =.(2)分别将“A D ∠=∠”记为①,“OEF OFE ∠=∠”记为②,“AB DC =”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 命题,命题2是 命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格). 24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)A D C图4 B 九年级 八年级 七年级六年级 25%30%25% 图5 图6 O D CAB E F4在直角坐标平面内,O 为原点,点A 的坐标为(10),,点C 的坐标为(04),,直线CM x ∥轴(如图7所示).点B 与点A 关于原点对称,直线y x b =+(b 为常数)经过点B ,且与直线CM 相交于点D ,联结OD .(1)求b 的值和点D 的坐标; (2)设点P 在x 轴的正半轴上,若POD △是等腰三角形,求点P 的坐标; (3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切,求圆O 的半径.25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分5分)已知9023ABC AB BC AD BC P ∠===°,,,∥,为线段BD 上的动点,点Q 在射线AB 上,且满足PQ ADPC AB=(如图8所示). (1)当2AD =,且点Q 与点B 重合时(如图9所示),求线段PC 的长; (2)在图8中,联结AP .当32AD =,且点Q 在线段AB 上时,设点B Q 、之间的距离为x ,APQ PBCS y S =△△,其中APQ S △表示APQ △的面积,PBC S △表示PBC △的面积,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当AD AB <,且点Q 在线段AB 的延长线上时(如图10所示),求QPC ∠的大小.ADPCBQ 图8DAPCB(Q ) 图9图10CADPB Qxb52009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷答案要点与评分标准说明:1. 解答只列出试题的一种或几种解法.如果考生的解法与所列解法不同,可参照解答中评分标准相应评分;2. 第一、二大题若无特别说明,每题评分只有满分或零分;3. 第三大题中各题右端所注分数,表示考生正确做对这一步应得分数;4. 评阅试卷,要坚持每题评阅到底,不能因考生解答中出现错误而中断对本题的评阅.如果考生的解答在某一步出现错误,影响后继部分而未改变本题的内容和难度,视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分,但原则上不超过后继部分应得分数的一半; 5. 评分时,给分或扣分均以1分为基本单位.一.选择题:(本大题共6题,满分24分)1. B ; 2.C ; 3.A; 4.B; 5.C; 6.A . 1、2、解:解不等式①,得x >-1,解不等式②,得x <3,所以不等式组的解集为-1<x <3,故选C .3、4、5、6、二.填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分) 7.;8.2 x ;解:由题意知x-1=1,解得x=2. 9.14;610.-12;11.一、三;12.21y x =-;解:由“上加下减”的原则可知,将抛物线y=x 2-2向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是,y=x 2-2+1,即y=x 2-1. 故答案为:y=x2-1. 13.16;解:因为从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,可能出现的结果有6种,选中小明的可能性有一种,所以小明被选中的概率是1/ 6 .14.2)1(100m -;解:第一次降价后价格为100(1-m ),第二次降价是在第一次降价后完成的,所以应为100(1-m )(1-m ),即100(1-m )2.15.b a 21+;解:因为向量 AB = a , BC = b ,根据平行四边形法则,可得: AB = a , BC = b , AC = AB + BC =a+b ,又因为在△ABC 中,AD 是BC 边上的中线,所以16.5;17.AC BD =(或︒=∠90ABC 等); 解:∵对角线AC 与BD 互相平分, ∴四边形ABCD 是平行四边形, 要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,需添加一个条件是:AC=BD 或有个内角等于90度. 18. 2.7三.解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.解:原式=2)1()1)(1(111)1(2-+--+⋅-+a a a a a a ··········································· (7分) =1112-+--a a a ······································································· (1分) =11--a a·············································································· (1分)=1-. ················································································ (1分) 20.解:由方程①得1+=x y , ③ ························································ (1分)将③代入②,得02)1(22=-+-x x x , ·········································· (1分)整理,得022=--x x , ······························································ (2分) 解得1221x x ==-,, ·································································· (3分) 分别将1221x x ==-,代入③,得1230y y ==,, ·························· (2分)所以,原方程组的解为1123x y =⎧⎨=⎩,; 2210.x y =-⎧⎨=⎩,····································· (1分) 21.解:(1) 过点A 作BC AE ⊥,垂足为E . ··········································· (1分)在Rt △ABE 中,∵︒=∠60B ,8=AB , ∴460cos 8cos =︒⨯=⋅=B AB BE , ·············································· (1 分)3460sin 8sin =︒⨯=⋅=B AB AE . ·················································· (1分)∵12=BC ,∴8=EC . ······························································· (1 分) 在Rt △AEC 中,23834tan ===∠EC AE ACB . ··································· (1分) (2) 在梯形ABCD 中,∵DC AB =,︒=∠60B ,∴︒=∠=∠60B DCB . ········································································ (1分) 过点D 作BC DF ⊥,垂足为F ,∵︒=∠=∠90AEC DFC ,∴DF AE //. ∵BC AD //,∴四边形AEFD 是平行四边形.∴EF AD =. ···················· (1分) 在Rt △DCF 中, 460cos 8cos =︒⨯=∠⋅=DCF DC FC , ···················· (1分) ∴4=-=FC EC EF .∴4=AD . ∵M 、N 分别是AB 、DC 的中点,∴821242=+=+=BC AD MN . ······· (2分)822.(1) %20; ················································································· (2分) (2) 6; ··················································································· (3分) (3) %35; ················································································ (2分) (4) 5. ······················································································ (3分)23.(1) 证明:OFE OEF ∠=∠ ,∴OF OE =. ··································································· (1分) ∵E 为OB 的中点,F 为OC 的中点, ∴OE OB 2=,OF OC 2=. ············································· (1分) ∴OC OB =. ··································································· (1分) ∵D A ∠=∠,DOC AOB ∠=∠,∴△AOB ≌△DOC . ························································ (2分) DC AB =∴. ··································································· (1分) (2) 真; ························································································ (3分) 假. ··························································································· (3分)24.解:(1) ∵点A 的坐标为(10),,点B 与点A 关于原点对称,∴点B 的坐标为(10)-,. ································································· (1分) ∵直线b x y +=经过点B ,∴01=+-b ,得1=b . ··························· (1分) ∵点C 的坐标为(04),,直线x CM //轴,∴设点D 的坐标为(4)x ,. ······· (1分) ∵直线1+=x y 与直线CM 相交于点D ,∴3=x .∴D 的坐标为(34),.…(1分)(2) ∵D 的坐标为(34),,∴5=OD . ··············································· (1分) 当5==OD PD 时,点P 的坐标为(60),; ····································· (1分) 当5==OD PO 时,点P 的坐标为(50),, ····································· (1分) 当PD PO = 时,设点P 的坐标为(0)x ,)0(>x ,∴224)3(+-=x x ,得625=x ,∴点P 的坐标为25(0)6,. ··········· (1分) 综上所述,所求点P 的坐标是(60),、(50),或25(0)6,.(3) 当以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切时,若点P 的坐标为(60),,则圆P 的半径5=PD ,圆心距6=PO , ∴圆O 的半径1=r . ····································································· (2分) 若点P 的坐标为(50),,则圆P 的半径52=PD ,圆心距5=PO ,∴圆O 的半径525-=r . ·························································· (2分) 综上所述,所求圆O 的半径等于1或525-.25.解:(1) ∵BC AD //, ∴DBC ADB ∠=∠.∵2==AB AD ,∴ADB ABD ∠=∠.∴ABD DBC ∠=∠. ∵︒=∠90ABC .∴︒=∠45PBC . ················································ (1分)∵ABADPC PQ =,AB AD =,点Q 与点B 重合,∴PC PQ PB ==. ∴︒=∠=∠45PBC PCB . ······························································ (1分) ∴︒=∠90BPC . ········································································· (1分)9在Rt △BPC 中,22345cos 3cos =︒⨯=⋅=C BC PC . ···················· (1分) (2) 过点P 作BC PE ⊥,AB PF ⊥,垂足分别为E 、F . ···················· (1分)∴︒=∠=∠=∠90BEP FBE PFB .∴四边形FBEP 是矩形. ∴BC PF //,BF PE =.∵BC AD //,∴AD PF //.∴ABADBF PF =. ∵23=AD ,2=AB ,∴43=PE PF . ················································ (1分) ∵x QB AB AQ -=-=2,3=BC ,∴22APQ x S PF -=△,32PBC S PE =△.∴42x S S PBC APQ -=∆∆,即42x y -= . ················································· (2分) 函数的定义域是0≤x ≤87. ··························································· (1分)(3) 过点P 作BC PM ⊥,AB PN ⊥,垂足分别为M 、N .易得四边形PNBM 为矩形,∴BC PN //,BN PM =,︒=∠90MPN .∵BC AD //,∴AD PN //.∴AB AD BN PN =.∴ABADPM PN =. ·············· (1分) ∵AB AD PC PQ =,∴PCPQ PM PN =. ······················································ (1分) 又∵︒=∠=∠90PNQ PMC ,∴Rt △PCM ∽Rt △PQN . ··············· (1分) ∴QPN CPM ∠=∠. ··································································· (1分) ∵︒=∠90MPN ,∴︒=∠=∠+∠=∠+∠90MPN QPM QPN QPM CPM , 即︒=∠90QPC . ········································································· (1分)。

2009年上海市卢湾区初中数学二模卷试题及参考答案【纯word版,完美打印】

2009年上海市卢湾区初中数学二模卷试题及参考答案【纯word版,完美打印】

卢湾区2009年初中毕业统一学业模拟考试数学试卷(满分150分,考试时间100分钟) 2009.4一、选择题(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)1.下列运算中,计算结果正确的是………………………………………( )A .22a a a =; B .632a a a ÷=; C .333()a b a b +=+; D .236()a a =.2.在下列各数中,无理数是………………………………………………( )A . 2.1-; BC .π;D .227. 3.下列二次三项式中可以在实数范围内分解的是………………………( )A .21x x ++;B .231x x ++;C .21x x -+;D .23x x ++.4.在平面直角坐标系中,直线1y x =-经过……………………………( )A .第一、二、三象限 ;B .第一、二、四象限;C .第一、三、四象限 ;D .第二、三、四象限.5.下列交通标志中既是中心对称图形,又是轴对称图形的是…………( )6.如果平行四边形ABCD 对角线AC 与BD 交于O ,AB a = ,BC b = ,那么下列向量中与向量1()2a b - 相等的是……………………………………( ) A .AO ; B .BO ; C .CO ; D .DO .A. B. C. D.二、填空题(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)7.函数1x y x =+自变量的取值范围是 . 8.有一个质地均匀且六个面上分别刻有1到6的点数的正方体骰子,掷一次骰子,向上一面的点数为偶数的概率是 .9.不等式521x ->的正整数解是 .10.在方程223343x x x x+=--中,如果设23y x x =-,那么原方程可化为关于y 的整式方程是 .11x =的根是 .12.在平面直角坐标系中,如果双曲线(0)k y k x =≠经过点(23)-,,那么k = . 13.写出一个开口向下且对称轴为直线1x =-的抛物线的函数解析式 . 14.如图,已知a b ∥,如果150∠=,那么2∠的度数等于 .15.如果一个梯形的两底长分别为4和6,那么这个梯形的中位线长为 .16.某飞机在离地面2000米的上空测得地面控制点的俯角为α,此时飞机与该地面控制点之间的距离是 米.(用含有α的锐角三角比表示)17.若正六边形的外接圆半径为4,则此正六边形的边长为 .18.已知某种商品的售价每件为150元,即使促销降价20%后,扣除成本仍有20%的利润,那么该商品每件的成本价是 元.三、解答题19.(本题满分10分) 先化简,再求值:2221 1212x x x x x x x x -+--++-,其中x = b a 2114题图20.(本题满分10分)解方程组:222220 ,320 .x y x xy y ⎧+=⎨-+=⎩ )2()1(21.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分5分,第(2)小题满分5分) 如图,已知A 、B 、C 分别是圆O 上的点,OC 平分劣弧 AB 且交弦AB 于点H ,AB=CH =3.(1)求劣弧 AB 的长;(结果保留π) (2)将线段AB 绕圆心O 顺时针旋转90°得线段''A B ,线段''A B 与线段AB 交于点D ,在答题纸上的21题图-2中画出线段''A B ,并求线段AD 的长.22.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分6分,第(2)小题满分4分) 右表为卢湾区学生身体素质抽查中某校八年级一班男生引体向上成绩. (1)计算八年级一班男生的引体向上成绩的众数,中位数,平均数; (2)在答题纸上画出八年级一班男生引体向上成绩的频数分布直方图(将所有数据分成4组,每组包括最小值,不包括最大值).23.(本题满分12分,第(1)小题满分7分,第(2)小题满分5分) 如图,平行四边形ABCD 中,点E 、F 、G 、H 分别在AB 、BC 、CD 、AD 边上且AE =CG ,AH =CF .(1) 求证:四边形EFGH 是平行四边形; (2) 如果AB =AD ,且AH =AE , 求证:四边形EFGH 是矩形.21题图 23题图A24.(本题满分12分,第(1)小题满分7分,第(2)小题满分5分)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,将抛物线22y x =沿y 轴向上平移1个单位,再沿x 轴向右平移两个单位,平移后抛物线的顶点坐标记作A ,直线3x =与平移后的抛物线相交于B ,与直线OA 相交于C .(1)求△ABC 面积;(2)点P 在平移后抛物线的对称轴上,如果△ABP 与△ABC 相似,求所有满足条件的P 点坐标.25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分7分,第(2)小题满分7分)在等腰△ABC 中,已知AB =AC =3,1cos 3B ∠=,D 为AB 上一点,过点D 作DE ⊥AB 交BC 边于点E ,过点E 作EF ⊥BC 交AC 边于点F .(1)当BD 长为何值时,以点F 为圆心,线段FA 为半径的圆与BC 边相切?(2)过点F 作FP ⊥AC ,与线段DE 交于点G ,设BD 长为x ,△EFG 的面积为y ,求y 关于x 的函数解析式及其定义域.24题图 25题图卢湾区2009年初中毕业统一学业模拟考试参考答案及评分说明一、选择题(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)1.D ; 2.C ; 3.B ; 4.B ; 5.A ; 6.D .二、填空题(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)7.1x ≠-; 8.12; 9.1; 10.2430y y ++=; 11.3x =; 12.6-; 13.22y x x =--等; 14.130 ;15.5; 16.2000sin α; 17.4; 18.100. 三、解答题19.解:原式=2(2)1 1(1)2x x x x x x x -+--+- ……………………………………2分 =11x x x x --+ ……………………………………………………………2分 =(1)(1)(1)(1)x x x x x x +--+-………………………………………………………2分 =221x x -. ………………………………………………………………2分当x =2分20.解:由(2)得:()(2)0x y x y --=……………………………………3分得到方程组: (Ⅰ) 2220 0 x y x y ⎧+=⎨-=⎩,; (Ⅱ)2220 20 .x y x y ⎧+=⎨-=⎩,……2分解方程组(Ⅰ)得x y ⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩,x y ⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩, ………………………………2分 解方程组(Ⅱ)得 4 2 ;x y =⎧⎨=⎩, 4 2 .x y =-⎧⎨=-⎩, ………………………………………2分所以原方程组的解是xy⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩,xy⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩, 42 ;xy=⎧⎨=⎩, 42 .xy=-⎧⎨=-⎩,………1分21.解:∵OC平分AB,∴OH⊥AB,12AH AB==1分联结OA、OB,设OA=r,则3OH r=-,由勾股定理得222(3)r r-+=,解得6r=.………………………2分∵OH⊥AB,3OH=,OA=6,∴OAB∠=30°.∵OA=OB,∴OBA∠=30°,∴AOB∠=120°.…………………………1分∴4180ABnrππ==.………………………………………………………1分(2)画图略.……………………………………………………………………2分取''A B中点'H,联结'OH,则'OH⊥''A B,'H是点H旋转后的对应点,∴'HOH∠=90°,OH='OH.又OH⊥AB,∴四边形'HOH D正方形.…………………………………2分∴3HD OH==.∴3AD AH HD=+=+………………………………………………1分22.解:(1)众数是0;………………………………………………………2分中位数是1;……………………………………………………2分平均数是4.5.…………………………………………………2分(2)4分23.证明:在平行四边形ABCD中,∠A=∠C,……………………………1分又∵AE=CG,AH=CF,∴△AEH≌△CGF.…………………………………………………………2分∴EH GF=.…………………………………………………………………1分在平行四边形ABCD中,AB=CD,AD=BC,∴AB AE CD CG-=-,AD AH BC CF-=-,即BE DG =,D H BF =.又∵在平行四边形ABCD 中,∠B =∠D ,∴△BEF ≌△DGH . …………1分 ∴GH EF =. ………………………………………………………………1分 ∴四边形EFGH 是平行四边形. ……………………………………………1分(2)解法一:在平行四边形ABCD 中,AB ∥CD ,AB =CD .设A α∠=,则180D α︒∠=-.∵AE =AH ,∴∠AHE =∠AEH =1809022αα︒︒-=-.………………………1分∵AD =AB =CD ,AH = AE = CG ,∴AD AH CD CG -=-,即D H D G =.……………………………………1分∴∠DHG =∠DGH =180(180)22αα︒︒--=.…………………………………1分 ∴∠EHG =180︒-DHG ∠-∠AHE 90︒=.…………………………………1分 又∵四边形EFGH 是平行四边形,∴四边形EFGH 是矩形.……………………………………………………1分 解法二:联结BD ,AC .∵AH =AE ,AD = AB , ∴AH AE AD AB=,∴HE ∥BD ,…………………………………………………1分 同理可证,GH ∥AC ,…………………………………………………………1分 ∵四边形ABCD 是平行四边形且AB =AD ,∴平行四边形ABCD 是菱形,………………………………………………1分 ∴AC ⊥BD ,∴∠EHG 90︒=.………………………………………………1分 又∵四边形EFGH 是平行四边形,∴四边形EFGH 是矩形.……………………………………………………1分24.解:平移后抛物线的解析式为22(2)1y x =-+.……………………2分 ∴A 点坐标为(2,1),………………………………………………………1分 设直线OA 解析式为y kx =,将A (2,1)代入 得12k =,直线OA 解析式为12y x =, 将3x =代入12y x =得32y =,∴C 点坐标为(3,32).…………………1分 将3x =代入22(2)1y x =-+得3y =,∴B 点坐标为(3,3).………1分∴ABC 3 4S=……………………………………………………………………2分(2)∵P A∥BC,∴∠P AB=∠ABC1°当∠PBA=∠BAC时,PB∥AC,∴四边形P ACB是平行四边形,∴32PA BC==.………………………………………1分∴15 (2,)2P2°当∠APB=∠BAC时,AP ABAB BC=,∴2ABAPBC=.又∵AB==∴103AP=∴213(2,)3P综上所述满足条件的P点有5(2,)2,13(2,)3.……………………………1分25.解:(1)过点A作AM⊥BC,垂足为点M,……………………………1分在Rt△ABM中,1cos3B∠=,AB=3,∴BM=1.…………………………1分∵AB=AC,AM⊥BC,∴BC=2.……………………………………………1分设BD长为x,在Rt△BDE中,1cos3B∠=,∴BE=3x,EC=23x-.同理FC=69x-,FE=,………………………………………1分∴AF=93x-,………………………………………………………………1分由题意得93x-=,解得37x=.……………………2分(2) ∵DE⊥AB,EF⊥BC,∴90B BED∠+∠= ,90DEF BED∠+∠= ,∴B DEF∠=∠.………1分同理EFG C ∠=∠,∴△ABC ∽△EFG .…………………………………1分 ∴2()EFG ABC S EF S BC= .……………………………………1分2(2)=∴2y =-+ 62()113x ≤<…4分。

2009年初中毕业生学业考试数学调研测试卷参考答案

2009年初中毕业生学业考试数学调研测试卷参考答案

2009年学业考试数学调研测试卷参考答案 2009.3一、选择题: AABAC BCCDD二、填空题: 11.)2)(2(-+x x a 12.内切 13.31 14.60° 15. 100 16.(0,10)或(1,4)或(56,5) (对1个给2分;对两个给3分;对3个给4分;多写扣1分.)三、解答题:17.(1)原式= 3133--= 23-1(每式化简正确各得1分,最多得2分,结论1分)(2) 原方程可化为x x 312=+,解得1=x …………(化简、结果各1分,共2分) 经检验,1=x 是原方程的解………………………………………………(1分)18.(1)(4分)(2)BC AB =或∠A ﹦∠C 等(仅限于与△ABC 有关的边角关系,2分)19.(1)(-1,1)(2分) (2)解:由已知D '的坐标为(-1,1+k ), (1分)又∵D '在xy 3-=的图像上,∴ 有1+k ﹦-)1(3-﹦3(2分)解得2=k .(1分) 20.解:(1)∵AB 是⊙O 的直径,∴∠ACB =90°∴ Sin ∠135==AB BC BAC .(2分) (2)∵OD ⊥AC ,BC ⊥AC ,∴OD ∥BC ,又∵OB OA =,∴DC AD =, 又125132222=-=-=BC AB AC ,∴6=AD .……………… (3分) (3)∵ππ8169213212=⨯=)(半圆S ,305122121=⨯⨯=⨯⨯=BC AC S ACB △ ∴ 4.36308169≈-=-=πACB S S S △半圆阴影………………………… (3分) 21.解:(1) 设所求抛物线的解析式为2ax y =,由已知点D 的坐标为(20,-10)∴400a ﹦-10,解得401-=a ,∴所求抛物线的解析式为2401x y -=(3分) (2) 设B 点坐标为(24,b ),则有224401⨯-=b ﹦14.4 ∴货车在甲地时,水面和桥面的距离为14.4-10-2﹦2.4 (m ) ∴水位继续上涨至桥面需要83.04.2= (h ) ∵ 320840=⨯< 360,∴货车按原来速度行驶,不能安全通过此桥 (3分) 又∵8360﹦45,∴要使货车安全通过此桥,速度不得低于45 h km / (2分) 22.(1) 1450 (2分) (2)64.12 (3分)(3)设甲型卡车需x 辆,则乙型卡车需(9-x )辆班, 由题意可得: ⎩⎨⎧≥-+≥-+130)9(2010300)9(3050x x x x (1分) 解得 523≤≤x , ∴x 可取2,3,4,5 ∴即甲乙两种卡车的配置方案有:甲2辆,乙7辆;甲3辆,乙6辆;甲4辆,乙5辆;甲5辆,乙4辆. (各1分,共4分) 答: (略)23.简解:(1) 分别延长AD 、BC ,相交于点E易求得3=ED ,32=EB∴323=-=EDC EAB ABCD S S S △△四边形 (2分) (2)分别延长CB 、DA ,相交于点P ,易证PA EA DE 22==,△PCD 是等腰三角形利用相似三角形的性质,可求得813=S ,∴87312=-=S S S . (3分) (3)如图,分别延长或反向延长DE 、BC 、AF ,得三个交点P N M .. ∵六个内角都是120°,∴△MEF 、△PAB 、△NDC 、△MNP 都是正三角形∴ ABCDEF S 六边形3435=---=NDC PAB MEF MNP S S S S △△△△ (3分) 24.(1) 2=AB ,5=AD (各2分,共4分)(2)由(1)知,2=AB ,5=AD存在如下图的三种等腰三角形的情况:易求得,PQ 的长为710或920. (各2分,共4分) (3) 当322+=b 时,2=AB ,32=BC由已知,以A 、P 、D 为顶点的三角形与△BMC 相似,又易证得∠CBM ﹦∠DAP .∴另一对对应角相等有两种情况:①∠ADP ﹦∠BCM ;②∠APD ﹦∠BCM . 当∠ADP ﹦∠BCM 时,∵BC ∥AD ,∴∠BCM ﹦∠CAD ,∴∠CAD ﹦∠ADC .∴DC AC =,易得342==BC AD ;当∠APD ﹦∠BCM 时,∵BC ∥AD ,∴∠BCM ﹦∠CAD ,∴∠CAD ﹦∠APD ,又∠D 是公共角,∴△CAD ∽△APD ,∴PD AD AD CD =, 即2221CD PD CD AD =⋅=,可解得AD =)37(2- 综上所述,所求线段AD 的长为34或)37(2-. (各2分,共4分)。

2009年上海市中考数学试卷及答案(Word版)

2009年上海市中考数学试卷及答案(Word版)

2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学试卷考生注意:1 .本试卷含三个大题,共 25题;2 .答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效.3 .除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤.、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的, 选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.1 .计算(a 3)2的结果是( )A. a 5B. a 6C. a 8D. a 9二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分) 【请将结果直线填入答题纸的相应位置】7 .分母有理化:8 .方程1的根是2.不等式组x A. X 1 1 0'的解集是(2 1B. X 3C. 1 X 3D. 3 x 13.用换元法解分式方程个整式方程是( )A. y 2y 3 03x0时,如果设B. y 2 3y 1 02D. 3y 2y 1 0y,将原方程化为关于 y 的整式方程,那么这4.抛物线y 2(x m)2A. (m, n)B n ( m, n 是常数)的顶点坐标是((m, n )C. (mi,)D. ( mi, n)A.正六边形 B,正五边形C.正四边形6. 如图 1,已知AB / /CD// EF ,那么卜列结论正确的是( A. AD BC B.BC DF DF CE CE AD C. CD BC D.CD AD EF BE EF AF卜列正多边形中心角等于内角的是)5.9 .如果关于x 的方程x 2x k 0 (k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么 ki 1…10 .已知函数 f(x) ——,那么f(3)1 x.... 2…,,一、……11 .反比例函数 y —图像的两支分别在第象限.x12 .将抛物线y x 2 2向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是 13 .如果从小明等 6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 . 14 .某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是 元(结果用含m 的代数式表示).16 .在圆。

2009年上海市中学考试数学及问题详解

2009年上海市中学考试数学及问题详解

实用文档文案大全2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数 学 卷(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)考生注意:1.本试卷含三个大题,共25题;2.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效.3.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤.一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的,选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.】 1.计算32()a 的结果是( ) A .5aB .6aC .8aD .9a2.不等式组1021x x +>⎧⎨-<⎩,的解集是( )A .1x >-B .3x <C .13x -<<D .31x -<<3.用换元法解分式方程13101x x x x --+=-时,如果设1x y x-=,将原方程化为关于y 的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( ) A .230y y +-= B .2310y y -+=C .2310y y -+=D .2310y y --=4.抛物线22()y x m n =++(m n ,是常数)的顶点坐标是( ) A .()m n ,B .()m n -,C .()m n -,D .()m n --,5.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( )A .正六边形B .正五边形C .正四边形 C .正三边形 6.如图1,已知AB CD EF ∥∥,那么下列结论正确的是( )A .AD BCDF CE = B .BC DFCE AD =C .CD BCEF BE= D .CD ADEF AF= 二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)A B D C E F图1实用文档文案大全【请将结果直线填入答题纸的相应位置】 7.分母有理化:81=的根是 .9.如果关于x 的方程20x x k -+=(k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k = .10.已知函数1()1f x x =-,那么(3)f = . 11.反比例函数2y x=图像的两支分别在第 象限.12.将抛物线2y x =向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是 .13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 .14.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m ,那么该商品现在的价格是 元(结果用含m 的代数式表示).15.如图2,在ABC △中,AD 是边BC 上的中线,设向量 , 如果用向量a ,b 表示向量AD ,那么AD =16.在圆O 中,弦AB 的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA = .17.在四边形ABCD 中,对角线AC 与BD 互相平分,交点为O .在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是 .18.在Rt ABC △中,903BAC AB M ∠==°,,为边BC 上的点,联结AM (如图3所示).如果将ABM △沿直线AM 翻折后,点B 恰好落在边AC 的中点处,那么点M 到AC 的距离是 . 三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分)计算:22221(1)121a a a a a a +-÷+---+.20.(本题满分10分)解方程组:21220y x x xy -=⎧⎨--=⎩,①.②图2AA 图3B M C=BC b =AB a =实用文档文案大全21.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)如图4,在梯形ABCD 中,86012AD BC AB DC B BC ==∠==∥,,°,,联结AC . (1)求tan ACB ∠的值;(2)若M N 、分别是AB DC 、的中点,联结MN ,求线段MN 的长.22.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分2分,第(2)小题满分3分,第(3)小题满分2分,第(4)小题满分3分)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).表一根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果): (1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是 ;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是 ; (3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是 ;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是 .23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)已知线段AC 与BD 相交于点O ,联结AB DC 、,E 为OB的中点,F 为OC 的中点,联结EF (如图6所示).(1)添加条件A D ∠=∠,OEF OFE ∠=∠,求证:AB DC =.(2)分别将“A D ∠=∠”记为①,“OEF OFE ∠=∠”记为②,“AB DC =”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 命题,命题2是 命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格). 24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)A D C图4 B 九年级 八年级 七年级六年级 25%30%25% 图5 图6 O D CAB E F实用文档文案大全在直角坐标平面内,O 为原点,点A 的坐标为(10),,点C 的坐标为(04),,直线CM x ∥轴(如图7所示).点B 与点A 关于原点对称,直线y x b =+(b 为常数)经过点B ,且与直线CM 相交于点D ,联结OD .(1)求b 的值和点D 的坐标; (2)设点P 在x 轴的正半轴上,若POD △是等腰三角形,求点P 的坐标; (3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切,求圆O 的半径.25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分5分)已知9023ABC AB BC AD BC P∠===°,,,∥,为线段BD 上的动点,点Q 在射线AB 上,且满足PQ ADPC AB=(如图8所示). (1)当2AD =,且点Q 与点B 重合时(如图9所示),求线段PC 的长; (2)在图8中,联结AP .当32AD =,且点Q 在线段AB 上时,设点B Q 、之间的距离为x ,APQ PBCS y S =△△,其中APQ S △表示APQ △的面积,PBC S △表示PBC △的面积,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当AD AB <,且点Q 在线段AB 的延长线上时(如图10所示),求QPC ∠的大小.ADPCBQ 图8DAPCB(Q ) 图9图10CADPB Qxb实用文档文案大全2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷答案要点与评分标准说明:1. 解答只列出试题的一种或几种解法.如果考生的解法与所列解法不同,可参照解答中评分标准相应评分;2. 第一、二大题若无特别说明,每题评分只有满分或零分;3.第三大题中各题右端所注分数,表示考生正确做对这一步应得分数;4. 评阅试卷,要坚持每题评阅到底,不能因考生解答中出现错误而中断对本题的评阅.如果考生的解答在某一步出现错误,影响后继部分而未改变本题的内容和难度,视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分,但原则上不超过后继部分应得分数的一半; 5. 评分时,给分或扣分均以1分为基本单位.一.选择题:(本大题共6题,满分24分)1. B ; 2.C ; 3.A; 4.B; 5.C; 6.A . 1、2、解:解不等式①,得x >-1,解不等式②,得x <3,所以不等式组的解集为-1<x <3,故选C .3、4、5、6、二.填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分) 7.;8.2 x ;解:由题意知x-1=1,解得x=2. 9.14;实用文档文案大全10.-12;11.一、三;12.21y x =-;解:由“上加下减”的原则可知,将抛物线y=x 2-2向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是,y=x 2-2+1,即y=x 2-1. 故答案为:y=x2-1. 13.16;解:因为从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,可能出现的结果有6种,选中小明的可能性有一种,所以小明被选中的概率是1/ 6 .14.2)1(100m -;解:第一次降价后价格为100(1-m ),第二次降价是在第一次降价后完成的,所以应为100(1-m )(1-m ),即100(1-m )2.15.b a 21+;解:因为向量 AB = a , BC = b ,根据平行四边形法则,可得: AB = a , BC = b , AC = AB + BC =a+b ,又因为在△ABC 中,AD 是BC 边上的中线,所以16.5;17.AC BD =(或︒=∠90ABC 等); 解:∵对角线AC 与BD 互相平分, ∴四边形ABCD 是平行四边形, 要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,需添加一个条件是:AC=BD 或有个内角等于90度. 18. 2.实用文档文案大全三.解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.解:原式=2)1()1)(1(111)1(2-+--+⋅-+a a a a a a ··········································· (7分) =1112-+--a a a ······································································· (1分) =11--a a·············································································· (1分)=1-. ················································································ (1分) 20.解:由方程①得1+=x y , ③ ························································ (1分)将③代入②,得02)1(22=-+-x x x , ·········································· (1分)整理,得022=--x x , ······························································ (2分) 解得1221x x ==-,, ·································································· (3分) 分别将1221x x ==-,代入③,得1230y y ==,, ·························· (2分)所以,原方程组的解为1123x y =⎧⎨=⎩,; 2210.x y =-⎧⎨=⎩,····································· (1分) 21.解:(1) 过点A 作BC AE ⊥,垂足为E . ··········································· (1分)在Rt △ABE 中,∵︒=∠60B ,8=AB , ∴460cos 8cos =︒⨯=⋅=B AB BE , ·············································· (1 分)3460sin 8sin =︒⨯=⋅=B AB AE . ·················································· (1分)∵12=BC ,∴8=EC . ······························································· (1 分) 在Rt △AEC 中,23834tan ===∠EC AE ACB . ··································· (1分) (2) 在梯形ABCD 中,∵DC AB =,︒=∠60B ,∴︒=∠=∠60B DCB . ········································································ (1分) 过点D 作BC DF ⊥,垂足为F ,∵︒=∠=∠90AEC DFC ,∴DF AE //. ∵BC AD //,∴四边形AEFD 是平行四边形.∴EF AD =. ···················· (1分) 在Rt △DCF 中, 460cos 8cos =︒⨯=∠⋅=DCF DC FC , ···················· (1分) ∴4=-=FC EC EF .∴4=AD . ∵M 、N 分别是AB 、DC 的中点,∴821242=+=+=BC AD MN . ······· (2分)实用文档文案大全22.(1) %20; ················································································· (2分) (2) 6; ··················································································· (3分) (3) %35; ················································································ (2分) (4) 5. ······················································································ (3分)23.(1) 证明:OFE OEF ∠=∠ ,∴OF OE =. ··································································· (1分) ∵E 为OB 的中点,F 为OC 的中点, ∴OE OB 2=,OF OC 2=. ············································· (1分) ∴OC OB =. ··································································· (1分) ∵D A ∠=∠,DOC AOB ∠=∠,∴△AOB ≌△DOC . ························································ (2分) DC AB =∴. ··································································· (1分) (2) 真; ························································································ (3分) 假. ··························································································· (3分)24.解:(1) ∵点A 的坐标为(10),,点B 与点A 关于原点对称,∴点B 的坐标为(10)-,. ································································· (1分) ∵直线b x y +=经过点B ,∴01=+-b ,得1=b . ··························· (1分) ∵点C 的坐标为(04),,直线x CM //轴,∴设点D 的坐标为(4)x ,. ······· (1分) ∵直线1+=x y 与直线CM 相交于点D ,∴3=x .∴D 的坐标为(34),.…(1分) (2) ∵D 的坐标为(34),,∴5=OD . ··············································· (1分) 当5==OD PD 时,点P 的坐标为(60),; ····································· (1分) 当5==OD PO 时,点P 的坐标为(50),, ····································· (1分) 当PD PO = 时,设点P 的坐标为(0)x ,)0(>x ,∴224)3(+-=x x ,得625=x ,∴点P 的坐标为25(0)6,. ··········· (1分) 综上所述,所求点P 的坐标是(60),、(50),或25(0)6,. (3) 当以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切时, 若点P 的坐标为(60),,则圆P 的半径5=PD ,圆心距6=PO , ∴圆O 的半径1=r . ····································································· (2分) 若点P 的坐标为(50),,则圆P 的半径52=PD ,圆心距5=PO ,∴圆O 的半径525-=r . ·························································· (2分) 综上所述,所求圆O 的半径等于1或525-.25.解:(1) ∵BC AD //, ∴DBC ADB ∠=∠.∵2==AB AD ,∴ADB ABD ∠=∠.∴ABD DBC ∠=∠. ∵︒=∠90ABC .∴︒=∠45PBC . ················································ (1分)∵ABADPC PQ =,AB AD =,点Q 与点B 重合,∴PC PQ PB ==. ∴︒=∠=∠45PBC PCB . ······························································ (1分) ∴︒=∠90BPC . ········································································· (1分)实用文档文案大全在Rt △BPC 中,22345cos 3cos =︒⨯=⋅=C BC PC . ···················· (1分) (2) 过点P 作BC PE ⊥,AB PF ⊥,垂足分别为E 、F . ···················· (1分)∴︒=∠=∠=∠90BEP FBE PFB .∴四边形FBEP 是矩形. ∴BC PF //,BF PE =.∵BC AD //,∴AD PF //.∴ABADBF PF =. ∵23=AD ,2=AB ,∴43=PE PF . ················································ (1分) ∵x QB AB AQ -=-=2,3=BC ,∴22APQ x S PF -=△,32PBC S PE =△.∴42x S S PBC APQ -=∆∆,即42x y -= . ················································· (2分) 函数的定义域是0≤x ≤87. ··························································· (1分)(3) 过点P 作BC PM ⊥,AB PN ⊥,垂足分别为M 、N .易得四边形PNBM 为矩形,∴BC PN //,BN PM =,︒=∠90MPN .∵BC AD //,∴AD PN //.∴AB AD BN PN =.∴ABADPM PN =. ·············· (1分) ∵AB AD PC PQ =,∴PCPQ PM PN =. ······················································ (1分) 又∵︒=∠=∠90PNQ PMC ,∴Rt △PCM ∽Rt △PQN . ··············· (1分) ∴QPN CPM ∠=∠. ··································································· (1分) ∵︒=∠90MPN ,∴︒=∠=∠+∠=∠+∠90MPN QPM QPN QPM CPM , 即︒=∠90QPC . ········································································· (1分)。

2009年上海市初中毕业生统一学业考试

2009年上海市初中毕业生统一学业考试

2009年上海市初中毕业生统一学业考试数学试卷一.选择题:(本大题含I 、II 两组,每组各6题,每题4分,满分24分) I 组 :供使用一期课改教材的考生完成 1.下列运算中,计算结果正确的是(A )x ·x 3=2x 3; (B )x 3÷x =x 2; (C )(x 3)2=x 5; (D )x 3+x 3=2x 6.2.新建的北京奥运会体育场——“鸟巢”能容纳91 000位观众,将91 000用科学记数法表示为(A )31091⨯; (B )210910⨯; (C )3101.9⨯; (D )4101.9⨯. 3.下列图形中,既是轴对称图形,又是中心对称图形的是(A ); (B ); (C ); (D ).4.若抛物线2)1x (y 2-+=与x 轴的正半轴相交于点A ,则点A 的坐标为(A )(21--,0); (B )(2,0); (C )(-1,-2); (D )(21+-,0). 5.若一元二次方程1x 3x 42=+的两个根分别为1x 、2x ,则下列结论正确的是 (A )43x x 21-=+,41x x 21-=⋅; (B )3x x 21-=+,1x x 21-=⋅;(C )43x x 21=+,41x x 21=⋅; (D )3x x 21=+,1x x 21=⋅.6.下列结论中,正确的是(A )圆的切线必垂直于半径; (B )垂直于切线的直线必经过圆心;(C )垂直于切线的直线必经过切点; (D )经过圆心与切点的直线必垂直于切线.II 组 :供使用二期课改教材的考生完成1.下列运算中,计算结果正确的是(A )x ·x 3=2x 3; (B )x 3÷x =x 2; (C )(x 3)2=x 5; (D )x 3+x 3=2x 6 .2.新建的北京奥运会体育场——“鸟巢”能容纳91 000位观众,将91 000用科学记数法表示为(A )31091⨯; (B )210910⨯; (C )3101.9⨯; (D )4101.9⨯. 3.下列图形中,既是轴对称图形,又是中心对称图形的是(A ); (B ); (C ); (D ).4.一个布袋中有4个红球与8个白球,除颜色外完全相同,那么从布袋中随机摸一个球是白球的概率是 (A )121; (B )31; (C )32; (D )21.5.若AB 是非零向量,则下列等式正确的是(A)(B )AB =BA ; (C )AB +BA =0; (D=0. 6.下列事件中,属必然事件的是(A )男生的身高一定超过女生的身高; (B )方程04x 42=+在实数范围内无解; (C )明天数学考试,小明一定得满分; (D )两个无理数相加一定是无理数.二.填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分) [请将结果直接填入答题纸的相应位置]7.不等式2-3x>0的解集是 . 8.分解因式xy –x - y+1= . 9.化简:=-321 .10.方程31x 2=-的根是 .11.函数1x x y-=的定义域是 .12.若反比例函数)0k (xk y <=的函数图像过点P (2,m )、Q (1,n ),则m 与n 的大小关系是:m n (选择填“>” 、“=”、“<”).13.关于x 的方程01mx mx 2=++有两个相等的实数根,那么m= .14.在平面直角坐标系中,点A 的坐标为(-2,3),点B 的坐标为 (-1,6).若点C 与点A 关于x 轴对称,则点B 与点C 之间的 距离为 .15.如图1,将直线OP 向下平移3个单位,所得直线的函数解析式为 .16.在⊿ABC 中,过重心G 且平行BC 的直线交AB 于点D , 那么AD:DB= .17.如图2,圆O 1与圆O 2相交于A 、B 两点,它们的半径都为2,圆O 1经过点O 2,则四边形O 1AO 2B 的面积为 .18.如图3,矩形纸片ABCD ,BC=2,∠ABD=30°.将该纸片沿对角线BD 翻折,点A 落在点E 处,EB 交DC 于点F ,则点F 到直线 DB 的距离为 .三.解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分) 先化简,再求值:)b1a1(bab ab 2a2222-÷-+-,其中12b ,12a -=+=.20.(本题满分10分)解方程251x x x1x =---.21.(本题满分10分,第(1)题满分6分,第(2)题满分4分)如图4,在梯形ABCD 中,AD ∥BC ,AC ⊥AB ,AD=CD ,cosB=135,BC=26.求(1)cos ∠DAC 的值;(2)线段AD 的长.图1 O 1 O 2A 图2 FCBA图3DECBA 图4D22.(本题满分10分,第(1)题满分3分,第(2)题满分5分,第(3)题满分2分) 近五十年来,我国土地荒漠化扩展的面积及沙尘暴发生的次数情况如表1、表2所示.(2)在图5中画出不同年代沙尘暴发生的次数的折线图; (3)观察表2或(2)所得的折线图,你认为沙尘暴发生 次数呈 (选择“增加”、“稳定”或“减少”)趋势.23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分) 如图6,在⊿ABC 中,点D 在边AC 上,DB=BC ,点E 是CD 的中点,点F 是AB 的中点.(1)求证:EF=21AB ;(2)过点A 作AG ∥EF ,交BE 的延长线于点G ,求证:⊿ABE ≌⊿AGE .24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)如图7,在平面直角坐标系中,点O 为坐标原点,以点A (0,-35为半径作圆A ,交x 轴于B 、C 两点,交y 轴于点D 、E 两点. (1)求点B 、C 、D 的坐标;(2)如果一个二次函数图像经过B 、C 、D 三点,求这个二次函数解析式; (3)P 为x 轴正半轴上的一点,过点P 作与圆A 相离并且与 x 轴垂直的直线,交上述二次函数图像于点F , 当⊿CPF 中一个内角的正切之为21时,求点P 的坐标.25.(本题满分14分,第(1)题满分3分,第(2)题满分7分,第(3)题满分4分) 正方形ABCD 的边长为2,E 是射线CD 上的动点(不与点D 重合),直线AE 交直线BC 于点AB FEDC图650年代 60年代 70年代 80年代 90年代图5G ,∠BAE 的平分线交射线BC 于点O .(1)如图8,当CE=32时,求线段BG 的长;(2)当点O 在线段BC 上时,设xEDCE =,BO=y ,求y 关于x 的函数解析式; (3)当CE=2ED 时,求线段BO 的长.2008年上海市初中毕业生统一学业考试 数学模拟卷答案要点与评分标准说明:1. 解答只列出试题的一种或几种解法.如果考生的解法与所列解法不同,可参照解答中评分标准相应评分;2. 第一、二大题若无特别说明,每题评分只有满分或零分;3. 第三大题中各题右端所注分数,表示考生正确做对这一步应得分数;4. 评阅试卷,要坚持每题评阅到底,不能因考生解答中出现错误而中断对本题的评阅.如果考生的解答在某一步出现错误,影响后继部分而未改变本题的内容和难度,视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分,但原则上不超过后继部分应得分数的一半; 5. 评分时,给分或扣分均以1分为基本单位一.选择题:(本大题含I 、II 两组,每组各6题,满分24分)I 组 1、B ; 2、D ; 3、C; 4、D; 5、A; 6、D . II 组 1、B ; 2、D ; 3、C; 4、C; 5、A; 6、B . 二.填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分) 7、32<x ; 8、(1)(1)x y --; 9、2+ 10、5=x ;11、0≥x 且1≠x ; 12、>; 13、4; 14、23; 15、32-=x y ; 16、1:2(或2); 17、32; 183ADBG EC图8O 备用图ABCD三.解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.解:原式=2()()()a b a b a b a b ab--÷+- --------------------(3分)ba ab ba b a -⋅+-= ----------------------- (2分)ba ab +=,---------------------------(2分) 当1,1a b ==时,4=--------------(3分)20.解: [方法一]设1x y x-=,-----------------------(2分) 则原方程化为152y y+=, 整理得22520y y -+=, ---------- (2分)∴112y =, 22y =;-------------------------(2分)当12y =时, 112x x -= , 得 2x =,---------------- (1分)当2y =时, 12x x-= 得 1x =-,----------------- (1分)经检验 12x =,21x =-是原方程的根; ----------------(2分) [方法二]去分母得 222(1)25(1)x x x x -+=-, --------------(3分) 整理得 220x x --=, ------------------------(2分) 解得 12x =,21x =-,------------------------(3分) 经检验 12x =,21x =-是原方程的根.------------------(2分) 21.解:(1)在Rt △ABC 中,90BAC ∠= ,cos B =513A B B C=.--------- (1分)∵BC =26,∴AB =10. ------------------------- (1分) ∴AC 24==.---------------- (2分)∵AD //BC ,∴∠DAC =∠ACB .--------------------- (1分) ∴cos ∠DAC = cos ∠ACB =1213A CB C=;------------------ (1分)(2)过点D 作DE ⊥AC ,垂足为E .--------------------(1分) ∵AD =DC , AE =EC =1122A C =.--------------------(1分)在Rt △ADE 中,cos ∠DAE =1213A E A D=,----------------- (1分)∴AD =13. ------------------------------(1分)22.解:(1)平均每年土地荒漠化扩展的面积为102020102460202100201560++⨯+⨯+⨯ (2分)1956=(km 2), ---------(1分)答:所求平均每年土地荒漠化扩展的面积为1956 km 2;(2)右图; ------------- (5分) (3)增加.--------------(2分)23.证明:(1) 连结BE ,---------- (1分)∵DB=BC ,点E 是CD 的中点,∴BE ⊥CD .(2分)∵点F 是Rt △ABE 中斜边上的中点,∴EF=12A B ;------------ (3分)(2) [方法一]在△A B G 中,AF BF =,//AG EF ,∴BE EG =.------(3分) 在△ABE 和△AG E 中,AE AE =,∠AEB =∠AEG=90°,∴△ABE ≌△AGE ;--(3分) [方法二]由(1)得,EF=AF ,∴∠AEF =∠FAE . -------------(1分) ∵EF//AG ,∴∠AEF =∠EAG . --------------------(1分) ∴∠EAF=∠EAG .-------------------------- (1分) ∵AE=AE ,∠AEB =∠AEG=90°,∴△ABE ≌△AGE .----------- (3分)24.解:(1)∵点A 的坐标为(0 ,3)-,线段5AD =,∴点D 的坐标(0 ,2).----(1分) 连结AC ,在Rt △AOC 中,∠AOC=90°,OA=3,AC=5,∴OC=4. -----(1分) ∴点C 的坐标为(4 ,0);------------------------(1分) 同理可得 点B 坐标为( 4 ,0)-.--------------------- (1分) (2)设所求二次函数的解析式为2y ax bx c =++,由于该二次函数的图像经过B 、C 、D 三点,则0164,0164,2,a b c a b c c =-+⎧⎪=++⎨⎪=⎩------------------------(3分)解得 1 ,80 ,2,a b c ⎧=-⎪⎪=⎨⎪=⎪⎩∴所求的二次函数的解析式为2128y x =-+;-------(1分)(3)设点P 坐标为( ,0)t ,由题意得5t >,----------------(1分)且点F 的坐标为21(,2)8t t -+,4PC t =-,2128PF t =-,∵∠CPF =90°,∴当△CPF 中一个内角的正切值为12时,①若12C P PF=时,即2411228t t -=-,解得 112t =, 24t =(舍);-------(1分)②当12PF C P=时,2121842t t -=- 解得 10t =(舍),24t =(舍),------- (1分)所以所求点P 的坐标为(12,0).--------------------- (1分) 25.解:(1)在边长为2的正方形ABCD 中,32=CE ,得34=DE ,又∵//AD BC ,即//AD C G ,∴12C G C E ADD E==,得1C G =.--------(2分)∵2BC =,∴3BG =; ------------------------(1分) (2)当点O 在线段BC 上时,过点O 作AG OF ⊥,垂足为点F ,∵AO 为BAE ∠的角平分线,90=∠ABO ,∴y BO OF ==.------(1分)在正方形ABCD 中,BC AD //,∴C G C E x ADED==.∵2=AD ,∴x CG 2=.-----------------------(1分) 又∵C E x ED=,2C E ED +=,得xx CE +=12.--------------(1分)∵在Rt △ABG 中,2AB =,22BG x =+,90B ∠= ,∴A G =∵2AF AB ==,∴2FG AG AF =-=.----------(1分) ∵O F AB FGBG=,即AB y FG BG=⋅,得122222+-++=x x x y ,)0(≥x ;(2分)(1分)(3)当ED CE 2=时,①当点O 在线段B C 上时,即2=x ,由(2)得32102-==y OB ;--(1分)②当点O 在线段B C 延长线上时,4C E =,2==DC ED ,在 Rt △ADE 中,22=AE .设AO 交线段DC 于点H ,∵AO 是BAE ∠的平分线,即HAE BAH ∠=∠, 又∵CD AB //,∴AHE BAH ∠=∠.∴AHE HAE ∠=∠.∴22==AE EH .∴224-=CH .---------------(1分) ∵CD AB //,∴BOCO ABCH =,即BOBO 22224-=-,得222+=BO . (2分)。

2009年上海市中考数学真题试卷(含答案)

2009年上海市中考数学真题试卷(含答案)

2009年上海市中考数学试卷【精品】一、选择题(共6小题,每小题4分,满分24分)1.(2009•上海)抛物线y=2(x+m)2+n(m,n是常数)的顶点坐标是()A.(m,n)B.(﹣m,n)C.(m,﹣n)D.(﹣m,﹣n)2.(2009•上海)下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是()A.正六边形B.正五边形C.正四边形D.正三边形3.(2009•上海)如图,已知AB∥CD∥EF,那么下列结论正确的是()A.B.C.D.4.计算(a3)2的结果是()A.a5B.a6C.a8D.a﹣15.(2009•上海)不等式组的解集是()A.x>﹣1 B.x<3 C.﹣1<x<3 D.﹣3<x<16.(2009•上海)用换元法解分式方程﹣+1=0时,如果设=y,将原方程化为关于y的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是()A.y2+y﹣3=0 B.y2﹣3y+1=0 C.3y2﹣y+1=0 D.3y2﹣y﹣1=0二、填空题(共12小题,每小题4分,满分48分)7.(2009•上海)某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m,那么该商品现在的价格是_________元(结果用含m的代数式表示).8.(2009•上海)如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是_________.9.(2009•上海)如图,在△ABC中,AD是边BC上的中线,设向量,如果用向量,表示向量,那么=_________.10.如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠BAC=90°,AB=3,M为BC上的点,连接AM,如果将△ABM沿直线AM翻折后,点B恰好落在边AC的中点处,求点M到AC的距离.11.(2009•上海)在圆O中,弦AB的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA=_________.12.(2009•上海)将抛物线y=x2﹣2向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是_________.13.(2009•上海)方程的根是x=_________.14.(2009•上海)分母有理化:=_________.15.(2009•上海)如果关于x的方程x2﹣x+k=0(k为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k=_________.16.反比例函数图象的两分支分别在第_________象限.17.(2009•上海)已知函数f(x)=,那么f(3)=_________.18.(2009•上海)在四边形ABCD中,对角线AC与BD互相平分,交点为O.在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是_________.三、解答题(共7小题,满分78分)19.(2009•上海)已知线段AC与BD相交于点O,连接AB、DC,E为OB的中点,F为OC的中点,连接EF(如图所示).(1)添加条件∠A=∠D,∠OEF=∠OFE,求证:AB=DC.(2)分别将“∠A=∠D”记为①,“∠OEF=∠OFE”记为②,“AB=DC”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是_________命题,命题2是_________命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格).20.(2009•上海)在直角坐标平面内,O为原点,点A的坐标为(1,0),点C的坐标为(0,4),直线CM∥x轴(如图所示).点B与点A关于原点对称,直线y=x+b(b为常数)经过点B,且与直线CM相交于点D,连接OD.(1)求b的值和点D的坐标;(2)设点P在x轴的正半轴上,若△POD是等腰三角形,求点P的坐标;(3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD为半径的圆P与圆O外切,求圆O的半径.21.(2009•上海)已知∠ABC=90°,AB=2,BC=3,AD∥BC,P为线段BD上的动点,点Q在射线AB上,且满足(如图1所示).(1)当AD=2,且点Q与点B重合时(如图2所示),求线段PC的长;(2)在图1中,连接AP.当AD=,且点Q在线段AB上时,设点B、Q之间的距离为x,,其中S△APQ 表示△APQ的面积,S△PBC表示△PBC的面积,求y关于x的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当AD<AB,且点Q在线段AB的延长线上时(如图3所示),求∠QPC的大小.22.(2009•上海)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测次数0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10人数 1 1 2 2 3 4 2 2 2 0 1(1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是_________;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是_________;(3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是_________;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是_________.23.(2009•上海)计算:24.(2009•上海)解方程组:25.(2009•上海)如图,在梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,AB=DC=8,∠B=60°,BC=12,连接AC.(1)求tan∠ACB的值;(2)若M、N分别是AB、DC的中点,连接MN,求线段MN的长.2009年上海市中考数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(共6小题,每小题4分,满分24分)1.(2009•上海)抛物线y=2(x+m)2+n(m,n是常数)的顶点坐标是()A.(m,n)B.(﹣m,n)C.(m,﹣n)D.(﹣m,﹣n)考点:二次函数的性质。

2009年上海中考数学试卷及答案

2009年上海中考数学试卷及答案

2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷答案要点与评分标准说明:1. 解答只列出试题的一种或几种解法.如果考生的解法与所列解法不同,可参照解答中评分标准相应评分;2. 第一、二大题若无特别说明,每题评分只有满分或零分;3. 第三大题中各题右端所注分数,表示考生正确做对这一步应得分数;4. 评阅试卷,要坚持每题评阅到底,不能因考生解答中出现错误而中断对本题的评阅.如果考生的解答在某一步出现错误,影响后继部分而未改变本题的内容和难度,视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分,但原则上不超过后继部分应得分数的一半;5. 评分时,给分或扣分均以1分为基本单位.一.选择题:(本大题共6题,满分24分)1. B ; 2.C ; 3.A; 4.B; 5.C; 6.A .二.填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分)7.55; 8.2=x ; 9.14; 10.-12; 11.一、三; 12.21y x =-; 13.16; 14.2)1(100m -; 15.b a 21+; 16.5; 17.AC BD =(或︒=∠90ABC 等); 18. 2. 三.解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分)19.解:原式=2)1()1)(1(111)1(2-+--+⋅-+a a a a a a ·········································· (7分) =1112-+--a a a ······································································· (1分) =11--a a ·············································································· (1分) =1-. ··············································································· (1分)20.解:由方程①得1+=x y , ③ ························································ (1分)将③代入②,得02)1(22=-+-x x x , ·········································· (1分) 整理,得022=--x x , ····························································· (2分) 解得1221x x ==-,, ································································· (3分) 分别将1221x x ==-,代入③,得1230y y ==,, ························· (2分) 所以,原方程组的解为1123x y =⎧⎨=⎩,; 2210.x y =-⎧⎨=⎩, ···································· (1分) 21.解:(1) 过点A 作BC AE ⊥,垂足为E . ·········································· (1分)在Rt △ABE 中,∵︒=∠60B ,8=AB ,∴460cos 8cos =︒⨯=⋅=B AB BE , ·············································· (1 分) 3460sin 8sin =︒⨯=⋅=B AB AE . ·················································· (1分) ∵12=BC ,∴8=EC . ······························································· (1 分)在Rt △AEC 中,23834tan ===∠EC AE ACB . ··································· (1分) (2) 在梯形ABCD 中,∵DC AB =,︒=∠60B ,∴︒=∠=∠60B DCB . ········································································ (1分) 过点D 作BC DF ⊥,垂足为F ,∵︒=∠=∠90AEC DFC ,∴DF AE //.∵BC AD //,∴四边形AEFD 是平行四边形.∴EF AD =. ···················· (1分) 在Rt △DCF 中, 460cos 8cos =︒⨯=∠⋅=DCF DC FC , ···················· (1分) ∴4=-=FC EC EF .∴4=AD .∵M 、N 分别是AB 、DC 的中点,∴821242=+=+=BC AD MN . ······· (2分)22.(1)%20; ················································································ (2分) (2)6; ·················································································· (3分) (3)%35; ················································································ (2分) (4) 5. ······················································································ (3分)23.(1) 证明:OFE OEF ∠=∠ ,∴OF OE =. ··································································· (1分)∵E 为OB 的中点,F 为OC 的中点,∴OE OB 2=,OF OC 2=. ············································· (1分)∴OC OB =. ··································································· (1分)∵D A ∠=∠,DOC AOB ∠=∠,∴△AOB ≌△DOC . ······················································· (2分) DC AB =∴. ··································································· (1分)(2) 真; ······················································································· (3分) 假. ·························································································· (3分)24.解:(1) ∵点A 的坐标为(10),,点B 与点A 关于原点对称,∴点B 的坐标为(10)-,. ································································· (1分) ∵直线b x y +=经过点B ,∴01=+-b ,得1=b . ··························· (1分) ∵点C 的坐标为(04),,直线x CM //轴,∴设点D 的坐标为(4)x ,.······· (1分) ∵直线1+=x y 与直线CM 相交于点D ,∴3=x .∴D 的坐标为(34),.…(1分)(2) ∵D 的坐标为(34),,∴5=OD . ··············································· (1分) 当5==OD PD 时,点P 的坐标为(60),; ····································· (1分) 当5==OD PO 时,点P 的坐标为(50),, ····································· (1分) 当PD PO = 时,设点P 的坐标为(0)x ,)0(>x , ∴224)3(+-=x x ,得625=x ,∴点P 的坐标为25(0)6,. ··········· (1分) 综上所述,所求点P 的坐标是(60),、(50),或25(0)6,. (3) 当以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切时,若点P 的坐标为(60),,则圆P 的半径5=PD ,圆心距6=PO ,∴圆O 的半径1=r . ····································································· (2分)若点P 的坐标为(50),,则圆P 的半径52=PD ,圆心距5=PO ,∴圆O 的半径525-=r . ·························································· (2分) 综上所述,所求圆O 的半径等于1或525-.25.解:(1) ∵BC AD //, ∴DBC ADB ∠=∠.∵2==AB AD ,∴ADB ABD ∠=∠.∴ABD DBC ∠=∠.∵︒=∠90ABC .∴︒=∠45PBC . ················································ (1分) ∵ABAD PC PQ =,AB AD =,点Q 与点B 重合,∴PC PQ PB ==. ∴︒=∠=∠45PBC PCB . ······························································ (1分) ∴︒=∠90BPC . ········································································· (1分)在Rt △BPC 中,22345cos 3cos =︒⨯=⋅=C BC PC . ···················· (1分) (2) 过点P 作BC PE ⊥,AB PF ⊥,垂足分别为E 、F . ···················· (1分)∴︒=∠=∠=∠90BEP FBE PFB .∴四边形FBEP 是矩形.∴BC PF //,BF PE =.∵BC AD //,∴AD PF //.∴ABAD BF PF =. ∵23=AD ,2=AB ,∴43=PE PF . ················································ (1分) ∵x QB AB AQ -=-=2,3=BC ,∴22APQ x S PF -=△,32PBC S PE =△. ∴42x S S PBC APQ -=∆∆,即42x y -= . ················································· (2分) 函数的定义域是0≤x ≤87. ··························································· (1分) (3) 过点P 作BC PM ⊥,AB PN ⊥,垂足分别为M 、N .易得四边形PNBM 为矩形,∴BC PN //,BN PM =,︒=∠90MPN .∵BC AD //,∴AD PN //.∴AB AD BN PN =.∴ABAD PM PN =. ·············· (1分) ∵AB AD PC PQ =,∴PCPQ PM PN =. ······················································ (1分) 又∵︒=∠=∠90PNQ PMC ,∴Rt △PCM ∽Rt △PQN . ··············· (1分) ∴QPN CPM ∠=∠. ··································································· (1分) ∵︒=∠90MPN ,∴︒=∠=∠+∠=∠+∠90MPN QPM QPN QPM CPM , 即︒=∠90QPC . ········································································· (1分)。

2009年上海市中考数学试题有答案[1]

2009年上海市中考数学试题有答案[1]

2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数 学 卷一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分) 1.计算32()a 的结果是( ) A .5aB .6aC .8aD .9a2.不等式组1021x x +>⎧⎨-<⎩,的解集是( )A .1x >-B .3x <C .13x -<<D .31x -<<3.用换元法解分式方程13101x x x x --+=-时,如果设1x y x-=,将原方程化为关于y 的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( ) A .230y y +-= B .2310y y -+=C .2310y y -+=D .2310y y --=4.抛物线22()y x m n =++(m n ,是常数)的顶点坐标是( ) A .()m n ,B .()m n -,C .()m n -,D .()m n --,5.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( )A .正六边形B .正五边形C .正四边形 C .正三边形 6.如图1,已知AB CD EF ∥∥,那么下列结论正确的是()A .AD BCDF CE = B .BC DFCE AD =C .CD BCEF BE= D .CD ADEF AF= 二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分) 7= . 81=的根是 .9.如果关于x 的方程20x x k -+=(k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k = .10.已知函数1()1f x x =-,那么(3)f = . 11.反比例函数2y x=图像的两支分别在第 象限.12.将抛物线22y x =-向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是 . 13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 .A B D C EF图114.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m ,那么该商品现在的价格是 元(结果用含m 的代数式表示).15.如图2,在ABC △中,AD 是边BC 上的中线,设向量AB a =,BC b =,如果用向量a ,b 表示向量AD ,那么AD = .16.在圆O 中,弦AB 的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA = . 17.在四边形ABCD 中,对角线AC 与BD 互相平分,交点为O .在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是 .18.在Rt ABC △中,903BAC AB M ∠==°,,为边BC 上的点,联结AM (如图3所示).如果将ABM△沿直线AM 翻折后,点B 恰好落在边AC 的中点处,那么点M 到AC 的距离是 . 三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分)计算:22221(1)121a a a a a a +-÷+---+.20.(本题满分10分) 解方程组:21220y x x xy -=⎧⎨--=⎩,①.②21.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)如图4,在梯形ABCD 中,86012AD BC AB DC B BC ==∠==∥,,°,,联结AC . (1)求tan ACB ∠的值;(2)若M N 、分别是AB DC 、的中点,联结MN ,求线段MN 的长.22.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分2分,第(2)小题满分3分,第(3)小题满分2分,第(4)小题满分3分)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).表一图2A图3BM CA D C图4 B根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果): (1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是 ;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是 ; (3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是 ;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是 .23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)已知线段AC 与BD 相交于点O ,联结AB DC 、,E 为OB 的中点,F 为OC的中点,联结EF (如图6所示).(1)添加条件A D ∠=∠,OEF OFE ∠=∠,求证:AB DC =. (2)分别将“A D ∠=∠”记为①,“OEF OFE ∠=∠”记为②,“AB DC =”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 命题,命题2是 命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格). 24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)在直角坐标平面内,O 为原点,点A 的坐标为(10),,点C 的坐标为(04),,直线CM x ∥轴(如图7所示).点B 与点A 关于原点对称,直线y x b =+(b 为常数)经过点B ,且与直线CM 相交于点D ,联结OD .(1)求b 的值和点D 的坐标;(2)设点P 在x 轴的正半轴上,若POD △是等腰三角形,求点P 的坐标;(3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切,求圆O 的半径.25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分5分)已知9023ABC AB BC AD BC P ∠===°,,,∥,为线段BD 上的动点,点Q 在射线AB 上,且满足PQ ADPC AB=(如图8所示). (1)当2AD =,且点Q 与点B 重合时(如图9所示),求线段PC 的长;九年级八年级 七年级六年级 25% 30%25% 图5 图6 O D CAB E Fx b(2)在图8中,联结AP .当32AD =,且点Q 在线段AB 上时,设点B Q 、之间的距离为x ,APQ PBCS y S =△△,其中APQ S △表示APQ △的面积,PBC S △表示PBC △的面积,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域; (3)当AD AB <,且点Q 在线段AB 的延长线上时(如图10所示),求QPC ∠的大小.2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷答案要点与评分标准说明:1. 解答只列出试题的一种或几种解法.如果考生的解法与所列解法不同,可参照解答中评分标准相应评分; 2. 第一、二大题若无特别说明,每题评分只有满分或零分;3. 第三大题中各题右端所注分数,表示考生正确做对这一步应得分数;4. 评阅试卷,要坚持每题评阅到底,不能因考生解答中出现错误而中断对本题的评阅.如果考生的解答在某一步出现错误,影响后继部分而未改变本题的内容和难度,视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分,但原则上不超过后继部分应得分数的一半;5. 评分时,给分或扣分均以1分为基本单位.一.选择题:(本大题共6题,满分24分)1. B ; 2.C ; 3.A; 4.B; 5.C; 6.A . 二.填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分)7.55; 8.2=x ; 9.14; 10.-12; 11.一、三;12.21y x =-; 13.16; 14.2)1(100m -; 15.b a 21+;16.5; 17.AC BD =(或︒=∠90ABC 等); 18. 2.三.解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分)19.解:原式=2)1()1)(1(111)1(2-+--+⋅-+a a a a a a ··········································· (7分) =1112-+--a a a ······································································· (1分) =11--a a·············································································· (1分)=1-. ················································································ (1分) 20.解:由方程①得1+=x y , ③ ························································ (1分)将③代入②,得02)1(22=-+-x x x , ·········································· (1分) 整理,得022=--x x , ····························································· (2分)解得1221x x ==-,, ································································· (3分) 分别将1221x x ==-,代入③,得1230y y ==,, ·························· (2分)ADPCBQ 图8DAPCB(Q ) 图9图10CADPBQ所以,原方程组的解为1123x y =⎧⎨=⎩,; 2210.x y =-⎧⎨=⎩,····································· (1分)21.解:(1) 过点A 作BC AE ⊥,垂足为E . ··········································· (1分)在Rt △ABE 中,∵︒=∠60B ,8=AB , ∴460cos 8cos =︒⨯=⋅=B AB BE , ·············································· (1 分)3460sin 8sin =︒⨯=⋅=B AB AE . ················································· (1分) ∵12=BC ,∴8=EC . ······························································· (1 分) 在Rt △AEC 中,23834tan ===∠EC AE ACB . ··································· (1分) (2) 在梯形ABCD 中,∵DC AB =,︒=∠60B ,∴︒=∠=∠60B DCB . ········································································ (1分) 过点D 作BC DF ⊥,垂足为F ,∵︒=∠=∠90AEC DFC ,∴DF AE //. ∵BC AD //,∴四边形AEFD 是平行四边形.∴EF AD =. ···················· (1分) 在Rt △DCF 中, 460cos 8cos =︒⨯=∠⋅=DCF DC FC , ···················· (1分) ∴4=-=FC EC EF .∴4=AD . ∵M 、N 分别是AB 、DC 的中点,∴821242=+=+=BC AD MN . ······· (2分)22.(1) %20; ·················································································· (2分) (2) 6; ··················································································· (3分) (3) %35; ················································································ (2分) (4) 5. ······················································································ (3分)23.(1) 证明:OFE OEF ∠=∠ ,∴OF OE =. ··································································· (1分) ∵E 为OB 的中点,F 为OC 的中点, ∴OE OB 2=,OF OC 2=. ············································ (1分) ∴OC OB =. ··································································· (1分) ∵D A ∠=∠,DOC AOB ∠=∠, ∴△AOB ≌△DOC . ······················································· (2分) DC AB =∴. ··································································· (1分) (2) 真; ······················································································· (3分) 假. ··························································································· (3分)24.解:(1) ∵点A 的坐标为(10),,点B 与点A 关于原点对称, ∴点B 的坐标为(10)-,.································································· (1分)∵直线b x y +=经过点B ,∴01=+-b ,得1=b . ··························· (1分)∵点C 的坐标为(04),,直线x CM //轴,∴设点D 的坐标为(4)x ,. ······ (1分)∵直线1+=x y 与直线CM 相交于点D ,∴3=x .∴D 的坐标为(34),.…(1分) (2) ∵D 的坐标为(34),,∴5=OD . ··············································· (1分) 当5==OD PD 时,点P 的坐标为(60),; ····································· (1分)当5==OD PO 时,点P 的坐标为(50),, ····································· (1分) 当PD PO = 时,设点P 的坐标为(0)x ,)0(>x , ∴224)3(+-=x x ,得625=x ,∴点P 的坐标为25(0)6,. ··········· (1分)综上所述,所求点P 的坐标是(60),、(50),或25(0)6,. (3) 当以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切时,若点P 的坐标为(60),,则圆P 的半径5=PD ,圆心距6=PO , ∴圆O 的半径1=r . ···································································· (2分) 若点P 的坐标为(50),,则圆P 的半径52=PD ,圆心距5=PO ,∴圆O 的半径525-=r . ·························································· (2分) 综上所述,所求圆O 的半径等于1或525-.25.解:(1) ∵BC AD //, ∴DBC ADB ∠=∠.∵2==AB AD ,∴ADB ABD ∠=∠.∴ABD DBC ∠=∠. ∵︒=∠90ABC .∴︒=∠45PBC . ················································ (1分)∵ABADPC PQ =,AB AD =,点Q 与点B 重合,∴PC PQ PB ==. ∴︒=∠=∠45PBC PCB . ······························································ (1分) ∴︒=∠90BPC . ········································································· (1分)在Rt △BPC 中,22345cos 3cos =︒⨯=⋅=C BC PC . ···················· (1分)(2) 过点P 作BC PE ⊥,AB PF ⊥,垂足分别为E 、F . ··················· (1分)∴︒=∠=∠=∠90BEP FBE PFB .∴四边形FBEP 是矩形. ∴BC PF //,BF PE =.∵BC AD //,∴AD PF //.∴ABADBF PF =. ∵23=AD ,2=AB ,∴43=PE PF . ··············································· (1分)∵x QB AB AQ -=-=2,3=BC ,∴22APQ x S PF -=△,32PBC S PE =△. ∴42x S S PBC APQ -=∆∆,即42x y -= . ················································ (2分) 函数的定义域是0≤x ≤87. ·························································· (1分)(3) 过点P 作BC PM ⊥,AB PN ⊥,垂足分别为M 、N .易得四边形PNBM 为矩形,∴BC PN //,BN PM =,︒=∠90MPN .∵BC AD //,∴AD PN //.∴AB AD BN PN =.∴ABADPM PN =. ·············· (1分) ∵AB AD PC PQ =,∴PCPQPM PN =. ······················································ (1分) 又∵︒=∠=∠90PNQ PMC ,∴Rt △PCM ∽Rt △PQN . ·············· (1分) ∴QPN CPM ∠=∠. ··································································· (1分) ∵︒=∠90MPN ,∴︒=∠=∠+∠=∠+∠90MPN QPM QPN QPM CPM , 即︒=∠90QPC . ········································································ (1分)。

2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷及答案

2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷及答案

2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数 学 卷(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)考生注意:1.本试卷含三个大题,共25题;2.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效.3.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤.一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的,选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.】 1.计算32()a 的结果是( ) A .5aB .6aC .8aD .9a2.不等式组1021x x +>⎧⎨-<⎩,的解集是( )A .1x >-B .3x <C .13x -<<D .31x -<<3.用换元法解分式方程13101x x x x --+=-时,如果设1x y x-=,将原方程化为关于y 的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( ) A .230y y +-= B .2310y y -+=C .2310y y -+=D .2310y y --=4.抛物线22()y x m n =++(m n ,是常数)的顶点坐标是( ) A .()m n ,B .()m n -,C .()m n -,D .()m n --,5.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( )A .正六边形B .正五边形C .正四边形 C .正三边形 6.如图1,已知AB CD EF ∥∥,那么下列结论正确的是( )A .AD BCDF CE = B .BC DFCE AD =C .CD BCEF BE= D .CD ADEF AF= 二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分) 【请将结果直线填入答题纸的相应位置】A B D C EF图17= . 81=的根是 .9.如果关于x 的方程20x x k -+=(k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k = .10.已知函数1()1f x x =-,那么(3)f = . 11.反比例函数2y x=图像的两支分别在第 象限.12.将抛物线22y x =-向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是 .13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 .14.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m ,那么该商品现在的价格是 元(结果用含m 的代数式表示).15.如图2,在ABC △中,AD 是边BC 上的中线,设向量AB a =,BC b =,如果用向量a ,b 表示向量AD ,那么AD = .16.在圆O 中,弦AB 的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA = .17.在四边形ABCD 中,对角线AC 与BD 互相平分,交点为O .在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是 .18.在Rt ABC △中,903BAC AB M ∠==°,,为边BC 上的点,联结AM (如图3所示).如果将ABM △沿直线AM 翻折后,点B 恰好落在边AC 的中点处,那么点M 到AC 的距离是 . 三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分)计算:22221(1)121a a a a a a +-÷+---+.20.(本题满分10分) 解方程组:21220y x x xy -=⎧⎨--=⎩,①.②图2A图3B M C21.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)如图4,在梯形ABCD 中,86012AD BC AB DC B BC ==∠==∥,,°,,联结AC . (1)求tan ACB ∠的值;(2)若M N 、分别是AB DC 、的中点,联结MN ,求线段MN 的长.22.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分2分,第(2)小题满分3分,第(3)小题满分2分,第(4)小题满分3分)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).表一根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果): (1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是 ;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是 ; (3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是 ;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是 .23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)已知线段AC 与BD 相交于点O ,联结AB DC 、,E 为OB的中点,F 为OC 的中点,联结EF (如图6所示).(1)添加条件A D ∠=∠,OEF OFE ∠=∠,求证:AB DC =. (2)分别将“A D ∠=∠”记为①,“OEF OFE ∠=∠”记为②,“AB DC =”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 命题,命题2是 命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格).A D C图4 B 九年级八年级 七年级六年级 25% 30%25% 图5 图6 O D CAB E F24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)在直角坐标平面内,O 为原点,点A 的坐标为(10),,点C 的坐标为(04),,直线CM x ∥轴(如图7所示).点B 与点A 关于原点对称,直线y x b =+(b 为常数)经过点B ,且与直线CM 相交于点D ,联结OD .(1)求b 的值和点D 的坐标; (2)设点P 在x 轴的正半轴上,若POD △是等腰三角形,求点P 的坐标; (3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切,求圆O 的半径.25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分5分)已知9023ABC AB BC AD BC P∠===°,,,∥,为线段BD 上的动点,点Q 在射线AB 上,且满足PQ ADPC AB=(如图8所示). (1)当2AD =,且点Q 与点B 重合时(如图9所示),求线段PC 的长; (2)在图8中,联结AP .当32AD =,且点Q 在线段AB 上时,设点B Q 、之间的距离为x ,APQ PBCS y S =△△,其中APQ S △表示APQ △的面积,PBC S △表示PBC △的面积,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当AD AB <,且点Q 在线段AB 的延长线上时(如图10所示),求QPC ∠的大小.ADPCBQ 图8DAPCB(Q ) 图9图10CADPBQx b2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷答案要点与评分标准说明:1. 解答只列出试题的一种或几种解法.如果考生的解法与所列解法不同,可参照解答中评分标准相应评分;2. 第一、二大题若无特别说明,每题评分只有满分或零分;3. 第三大题中各题右端所注分数,表示考生正确做对这一步应得分数;4. 评阅试卷,要坚持每题评阅到底,不能因考生解答中出现错误而中断对本题的评阅.如果考生的解答在某一步出现错误,影响后继部分而未改变本题的内容和难度,视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分,但原则上不超过后继部分应得分数的一半; 5. 评分时,给分或扣分均以1分为基本单位.一.选择题:(本大题共6题,满分24分)1. B ; 2.C ; 3.A; 4.B; 5.C; 6.A . 二.填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分)7.55; 8.2=x ; 9.14; 10.-12; 11.一、三;12.21y x =-; 13.16; 14.2)1(100m -; 15.b a 21+;16.5; 17.AC BD =(或︒=∠90ABC 等); 18. 2.三.解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分)19.解:原式=2)1()1)(1(111)1(2-+--+⋅-+a a a a a a ··········································· (7分) =1112-+--a a a ······································································· (1分) =11--a a·············································································· (1分)=1-. ················································································ (1分) 20.解:由方程①得1+=x y , ③ ························································ (1分)将③代入②,得02)1(22=-+-x x x , ·········································· (1分) 整理,得022=--x x , ······························································ (2分)解得1221x x ==-,, ·································································· (3分) 分别将1221x x ==-,代入③,得1230y y ==,, ·························· (2分)所以,原方程组的解为1123x y =⎧⎨=⎩,; 2210.x y =-⎧⎨=⎩,····································· (1分) 21.解:(1) 过点A 作BC AE ⊥,垂足为E . ··········································· (1分)在Rt △ABE 中,∵︒=∠60B ,8=AB , ∴460cos 8cos =︒⨯=⋅=B AB BE , ·············································· (1 分)3460sin 8sin =︒⨯=⋅=B AB AE . ·················································· (1分)∵12=BC ,∴8=EC . ······························································· (1 分) 在Rt △AEC 中,23834tan ===∠EC AE ACB . ··································· (1分)(2) 在梯形ABCD 中,∵DC AB =,︒=∠60B , ∴︒=∠=∠60B DCB . ········································································ (1分) 过点D 作BC DF ⊥,垂足为F ,∵︒=∠=∠90AEC DFC ,∴DF AE //. ∵BC AD //,∴四边形AEFD 是平行四边形.∴EF AD =. ···················· (1分) 在Rt △DCF 中, 460cos 8cos =︒⨯=∠⋅=DCF DC FC , ···················· (1分) ∴4=-=FC EC EF .∴4=AD . ∵M 、N 分别是AB 、DC 的中点,∴821242=+=+=BC AD MN . ······· (2分)22.(1) %20; ················································································· (2分) (2) 6; ··················································································· (3分) (3) %35; ················································································ (2分) (4) 5. ······················································································ (3分)23.(1) 证明:OFE OEF ∠=∠ ,∴OF OE =. ··································································· (1分) ∵E 为OB 的中点,F 为OC 的中点, ∴OE OB 2=,OF OC 2=. ············································· (1分) ∴OC OB =. ··································································· (1分) ∵D A ∠=∠,DOC AOB ∠=∠,∴△AOB ≌△DOC . ························································ (2分) DC AB =∴. ··································································· (1分) (2) 真; ························································································ (3分) 假. ··························································································· (3分)24.解:(1) ∵点A 的坐标为(10),,点B 与点A 关于原点对称,∴点B 的坐标为(10)-,. ································································· (1分) ∵直线b x y +=经过点B ,∴01=+-b ,得1=b . ··························· (1分) ∵点C 的坐标为(04),,直线x CM //轴,∴设点D 的坐标为(4)x ,. ······· (1分) ∵直线1+=x y 与直线CM 相交于点D ,∴3=x .∴D 的坐标为(34),.…(1分)(2) ∵D 的坐标为(34),,∴5=OD . ··············································· (1分) 当5==OD PD 时,点P 的坐标为(60),; ····································· (1分) 当5==OD PO 时,点P 的坐标为(50),, ····································· (1分) 当PD PO = 时,设点P 的坐标为(0)x ,)0(>x , ∴224)3(+-=x x ,得625=x ,∴点P 的坐标为25(0)6,. ··········· (1分) 综上所述,所求点P 的坐标是(60),、(50),或25(0)6,. (3) 当以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切时,若点P 的坐标为(60),,则圆P 的半径5=PD ,圆心距6=PO , ∴圆O 的半径1=r . ····································································· (2分)若点P 的坐标为(50),,则圆P 的半径52=PD ,圆心距5=PO , ∴圆O 的半径525-=r . ·························································· (2分) 综上所述,所求圆O 的半径等于1或525-.25.解:(1) ∵BC AD //, ∴DBC ADB ∠=∠.∵2==AB AD ,∴ADB ABD ∠=∠.∴ABD DBC ∠=∠. ∵︒=∠90ABC .∴︒=∠45PBC . ················································ (1分)∵ABADPC PQ =,AB AD =,点Q 与点B 重合,∴PC PQ PB ==. ∴︒=∠=∠45PBC PCB . ······························································ (1分) ∴︒=∠90BPC . ········································································· (1分)在Rt △BPC 中,22345cos 3cos =︒⨯=⋅=C BC PC . ···················· (1分)(2) 过点P 作BC PE ⊥,AB PF ⊥,垂足分别为E 、F . ···················· (1分)∴︒=∠=∠=∠90BEP FBE PFB .∴四边形FBEP 是矩形. ∴BC PF //,BF PE =.∵BC AD //,∴AD PF //.∴ABADBF PF =. ∵23=AD ,2=AB ,∴43=PE PF . ················································ (1分) ∵x QB AB AQ -=-=2,3=BC ,∴22APQ x S PF -=△,32PBC S PE =△.∴42x S S PBC APQ -=∆∆,即42x y -= . ················································· (2分) 函数的定义域是0≤x ≤87. ··························································· (1分)(3) 过点P 作BC PM ⊥,AB PN ⊥,垂足分别为M 、N .易得四边形PNBM 为矩形,∴BC PN //,BN PM =,︒=∠90MPN .∵BC AD //,∴AD PN //.∴AB AD BN PN =.∴ABADPM PN =. ·············· (1分) ∵AB AD PC PQ =,∴PCPQ PM PN =. ······················································ (1分) 又∵︒=∠=∠90PNQ PMC ,∴Rt △PCM ∽Rt △PQN . ··············· (1分) ∴QPN CPM ∠=∠. ··································································· (1分) ∵︒=∠90MPN ,∴︒=∠=∠+∠=∠+∠90MPN QPM QPN QPM CPM , 即︒=∠90QPC . ········································································· (1分)。

[天利38套]中考数学

[天利38套]中考数学

2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数 学 卷(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分) 【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的,选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.】 1.计算32()a 的结果是( ) A .5aB .6aC .8aD .9a2.不等式组1021x x +>⎧⎨-<⎩,的解集是( )A .1x >-B .3x <C .13x -<<D .31x -<<3.用换元法解分式方程13101x x xx --+=-时,如果设1x y x-=,将原方程化为关于y 的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( ) A .230y y +-= B .2310y y -+=C .2310y y -+=D .2310y y --=4.抛物线22()y x m n =++(m n ,是常数)的顶点坐标是( ) A .()m n ,B .()m n -,C .()m n -,D .()m n --,5.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( ) A .正六边形B .正五边形C .正四边形C .正三边形6.如图1,已知A B C D E F ∥∥,那么下列结论正确的是( ) A .A D B C D FC E = B .B CD F CE A D =C .C D B C E FB E=D .C D A D E FA F=二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分) 【请将结果直线填入答题纸的相应位置】 7.分母有理化:8.方程1=的根是 .9.如果关于x 的方程20x x k -+=(k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k = .10.已知函数1()1f x x=-,那么(3)f = .11.反比例函数2y x=图像的两支分别在第 象限.12.将抛物线2y x =向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是 .A B D C E F图1=13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 . 14.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m ,那么该商品现在的价格是 元(结果用含m 的代数式表示).15.如图2,在A B C △中,A D 是边B C 上的中线,设向量 , 如果用向量a ,b 表示向量AD ,那么AD=16.在圆O 中,弦A B 的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径O A = .17.在四边形A B C D 中,对角线A C 与B D 互相平分,交点为O .在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形A B C D 成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是 .18.在R t ABC △中,903B A C A B M ∠==°,,为边B C 上的点,联结A M (如图3所示).如果将A B M △沿直线A M 翻折后,点B 恰好落在边A C 的中点处,那么点M 到A C 的距离是 . 三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分) 计算:22221(1)121a a a a a a +-÷+---+.20.(本题满分10分) 解方程组:21220y x x xy -=⎧⎨--=⎩,①.②21.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)如图4,在梯形A B C D 中,86012A D B C A B D C B B C ==∠==∥,,°,,联结A C . (1)求tan A C B ∠的值;(2)若M N 、分别是A B D C 、的中点,联结M N ,求线段M N 的长.22.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分2分,第(2)小题满分3分,第(3)小题满分2分,第(4)小题满分3分)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).图2A图3B M CBC b= AB a =表一根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果):(1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是 ;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是 ; (3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是 ;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是 .23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)已知线段A C 与B D 相交于点O ,联结A B D C 、,E 为O B 的中点,F 为O C 的中点,联结E F (如图6所示).(1)添加条件A D ∠=∠,O E F O F E ∠=∠, 求证:A B D C =.(2)分别将“A D ∠=∠”记为①,“O E F O F E ∠=∠”记为②,“A B D C =”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 命题,命题2是 命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格). 24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)在直角坐标平面内,O 为原点,点A 的坐标为(10),,点C 的坐标为(04),,直线C M x ∥轴(如图7所示).点B 与点A 关于原点对称,直线y x b =+(b 为常数)经过点B ,且与直线C M 相交于点D ,联结O D .(1)求b 的值和点D 的坐标;(2)设点P 在x 轴的正半轴上,若PO D △是等腰三角形,求点P 的坐标;(3)在(2)的条件下,如果以P D 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切,求圆O 的半径.九年级八年级 七年级六年级25%30% 25% 图5图6ODCABEFxb25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分5分)已知9023A B C A B B C A D B C P ∠===°,,,∥,为线段B D 上的动点,点Q 在射线A B 上,且满足P Q A D P CA B=(如图8所示).(1)当2AD =,且点Q 与点B 重合时(如图9所示),求线段P C 的长;(2)在图8中,联结A P .当32A D =,且点Q 在线段AB 上时,设点B Q 、之间的距离为x ,A P Q PB CS y S =△△,其中A P Q S △表示APQ △的面积,P B C S △表示P B C △的面积,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当AD AB <,且点Q 在线段A B 的延长线上时(如图10所示),求QPC ∠的大小.ADPCBQ 图8DAPCB(Q ) 图9图10ADPBQ。

2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷及答案

2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷及答案

港中数学网2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数 学 卷(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)考生注意:1.本试卷含三个大题,共25题;2.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效.3.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤.一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的,选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.】 1.计算32()a 的结果是( ) A .5aB .6aC .8aD .9a2.不等式组1021x x +>⎧⎨-<⎩,的解集是( )A .1x >-B .3x <C .13x -<<D .31x -<<3.用换元法解分式方程13101x x x x --+=-时,如果设1x y x-=,将原方程化为关于y 的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( ) A .230y y +-= B .2310y y -+=C .2310y y -+=D .2310y y --=4.抛物线22()y x m n =++(m n ,是常数)的顶点坐标是( ) A .()m n ,B .()m n -,C .()m n -,D .()m n --,5.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( )A .正六边形B .正五边形C .正四边形 C .正三边形 6.如图1,已知AB CD EF ∥∥,那么下列结论正确的是( )A .AD BCDF CE = B .BC DFCE AD =C .CD BCEF BE= D .CD ADEF AF= 二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分) 【请将结果直线填入答题纸的相应位置】A B D C EF图1 港中数学网7= . 81=的根是 .9.如果关于x 的方程20x x k -+=(k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k = .10.已知函数1()1f x x =-,那么(3)f = . 11.反比例函数2y x=图像的两支分别在第 象限.12.将抛物线22y x =-向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是 .13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 .14.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m ,那么该商品现在的价格是 元(结果用含m 的代数式表示).15.如图2,在ABC △中,AD 是边BC 上的中线,设向量AB a =,BC b = ,如果用向量a ,b 表示向量AD ,那么AD= .16.在圆O 中,弦AB 的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA = .17.在四边形ABCD 中,对角线AC 与BD 互相平分,交点为O .在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是 .18.在Rt ABC △中,903BAC AB M ∠==°,,为边BC 上的点,联结AM (如图3所示).如果将ABM △沿直线AM 翻折后,点B 恰好落在边AC 的中点处,那么点M 到AC 的距离是 . 三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分)计算:22221(1)121a a a a a a +-÷+---+.20.(本题满分10分) 解方程组:21220y x x xy -=⎧⎨--=⎩,①.②图2A图3B M C 港中数学网21.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)如图4,在梯形ABCD 中,86012AD BC AB DC B BC ==∠==∥,,°,,联结AC .(1)求tan ACB ∠的值;(2)若M N 、分别是AB DC 、的中点,联结MN ,求线段MN 的长.22.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分2分,第(2)小题满分3分,第(3)小题满分2分,第(4)小题满分3分)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).表一根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果): (1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是 ;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是 ; (3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是 ;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是 .23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)已知线段AC 与BD 相交于点O ,联结AB DC 、,E 为OB的中点,F 为OC 的中点,联结EF (如图6所示).(1)添加条件A D ∠=∠,OEF OFE ∠=∠,求证:AB DC =. (2)分别将“A D ∠=∠”记为①,“OEF OFE ∠=∠”记为②,“AB DC =”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 命题,命题2是 命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格).A D C图4 B 九年级八年级 七年级六年级 25% 30%25% 图5 图6 O D CAB E F 港中数学网24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)在直角坐标平面内,O 为原点,点A 的坐标为(10),,点C 的坐标为(04),,直线CM x ∥轴(如图7所示).点B 与点A 关于原点对称,直线y x b =+(b 为常数)经过点B ,且与直线CM 相交于点D ,联结OD .(1)求b 的值和点D 的坐标; (2)设点P 在x 轴的正半轴上,若POD △是等腰三角形,求点P 的坐标; (3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切,求圆O 的半径.25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分5分)已知9023ABC AB BC AD BC P ∠===°,,,∥,为线段BD 上的动点,点Q 在射线AB 上,且满足PQ AD PC AB=(如图8所示). (1)当2AD =,且点Q 与点B 重合时(如图9所示),求线段PC 的长; (2)在图8中,联结AP .当32AD =,且点Q 在线段AB 上时,设点B Q 、之间的距离为x ,APQ PBCS y S =△△,其中APQ S △表示APQ △的面积,PBC S △表示PBC △的面积,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当AD AB <,且点Q 在线段AB 的延长线上时(如图10所示),求QPC ∠的大小.ADPCBQ 图8DAPCB(Q ) 图9图10CADPBQx b 港中数学网2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷答案要点与评分标准说明:1. 解答只列出试题的一种或几种解法.如果考生的解法与所列解法不同,可参照解答中评分标准相应评分;2. 第一、二大题若无特别说明,每题评分只有满分或零分;3. 第三大题中各题右端所注分数,表示考生正确做对这一步应得分数;4. 评阅试卷,要坚持每题评阅到底,不能因考生解答中出现错误而中断对本题的评阅.如果考生的解答在某一步出现错误,影响后继部分而未改变本题的内容和难度,视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分,但原则上不超过后继部分应得分数的一半; 5. 评分时,给分或扣分均以1分为基本单位.一.选择题:(本大题共6题,满分24分)1. B ; 2.C ; 3.A; 4.B; 5.C; 6.A . 二.填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分)7.55; 8.2=x ; 9.14; 10.-12; 11.一、三;12.21y x =-; 13.16; 14.2)1(100m -; 15.b a 21+;16.5; 17.AC BD =(或︒=∠90ABC 等); 18. 2.三.解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分)19.解:原式=2)1()1)(1(111)1(2-+--+⋅-+a a a a a a ······················································ (7分) =1112-+--a a a ·························································································· (1分) =11--a a··································································································· (1分)=1-. ····································································································· (1分) 20.解:由方程①得1+=x y , ③ ······································································· (1分)将③代入②,得02)1(22=-+-x x x , ····················································· (1分) 整理,得022=--x x , ·············································································· (2分)解得1221x x ==-,, ··················································································· (3分) 分别将1221x x ==-,代入③,得1230y y ==,, ································· (2分)所以,原方程组的解为1123x y =⎧⎨=⎩,; 2210.x y =-⎧⎨=⎩, ·············································· (1分)21.解:(1) 过点A 作BC AE ⊥,垂足为E .······················································· (1分)在Rt △ABE 中,∵︒=∠60B ,8=AB , ∴460cos 8cos =︒⨯=⋅=B AB BE , ··························································· (1 分)3460sin 8sin =︒⨯=⋅=B AB AE . ······························································· (1分) ∵12=BC ,∴8=EC . ················································································ (1 分) 在Rt △AEC 中,23834tan ===∠EC AE ACB .············································· (1分) 港中数学网(2) 在梯形ABCD 中,∵DC AB =,︒=∠60B , ∴︒=∠=∠60B DCB . ··························································································· (1分) 过点D 作BC DF ⊥,垂足为F ,∵︒=∠=∠90AEC DFC ,∴DF AE //. ∵BC AD //,∴四边形AEFD 是平行四边形.∴EF AD =. ·························· (1分) 在Rt △DCF 中, 460cos 8cos =︒⨯=∠⋅=DCF DC FC , ························· (1分) ∴4=-=FC EC EF .∴4=AD . ∵M 、N 分别是AB 、DC 的中点,∴821242=+=+=BC AD MN . ········· (2分)22.(1) %20; ······································································································· (2分) (2) 6; ········································································································· (3分) (3) %35; ····································································································· (2分) (4) 5. ············································································································· (3分)23.(1) 证明:OFE OEF ∠=∠ ,∴OF OE =. ····················································································· (1分) ∵E 为OB 的中点,F 为OC 的中点, ∴OE OB 2=,OF OC 2=. ························································ (1分) ∴OC OB =. ····················································································· (1分) ∵D A ∠=∠,DOC AOB ∠=∠,∴△AOB ≌△DOC . ······································································ (2分) DC AB =∴. ····················································································· (1分) (2) 真; ·············································································································· (3分) 假. ··················································································································· (3分)24.解:(1) ∵点A 的坐标为(10),,点B 与点A 关于原点对称, ∴点B 的坐标为(10)-,. ··················································································· (1分)∵直线b x y +=经过点B ,∴01=+-b ,得1=b . ···································· (1分)∵点C 的坐标为(04),,直线x CM //轴,∴设点D 的坐标为(4)x ,. ·········· (1分) ∵直线1+=x y 与直线CM 相交于点D ,∴3=x .∴D 的坐标为(34),.…(1分) (2) ∵D 的坐标为(34),,∴5=OD . ····························································· (1分)当5==OD PD 时,点P 的坐标为(60),; ·············································· (1分) 当5==OD PO 时,点P 的坐标为(50),, ··············································· (1分) 当PD PO = 时,设点P 的坐标为(0)x ,)0(>x , ∴224)3(+-=x x ,得625=x ,∴点P 的坐标为25(0)6,. ················ (1分)综上所述,所求点P 的坐标是(60),、(50),或25(0)6,. (3) 当以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切时,若点P 的坐标为(60),,则圆P 的半径5=PD ,圆心距6=PO , ∴圆O 的半径1=r .························································································ (2分) 若点P 的坐标为(50),,则圆P 的半径52=PD ,圆心距5=PO , ∴圆O 的半径525-=r . ·········································································· (2分) 综上所述,所求圆O 的半径等于1或525-. 港中数学网25.解:(1) ∵BC AD //, ∴DBC ADB ∠=∠.∵2==AB AD ,∴ADB ABD ∠=∠.∴ABD DBC ∠=∠. ∵︒=∠90ABC .∴︒=∠45PBC . ······························································· (1分)∵ABADPC PQ =,AB AD =,点Q 与点B 重合,∴PC PQ PB ==. ∴︒=∠=∠45PBC PCB . ··············································································· (1分) ∴︒=∠90BPC . ····························································································· (1分)在Rt △BPC 中,22345cos 3cos =︒⨯=⋅=C BC PC . ·························· (1分) (2) 过点P 作BC PE ⊥,AB PF ⊥,垂足分别为E 、F . ························· (1分)∴︒=∠=∠=∠90BEP FBE PFB .∴四边形FBEP 是矩形. ∴BC PF //,BF PE =.∵BC AD //,∴AD PF //.∴ABADBF PF =. ∵23=AD ,2=AB ,∴43=PE PF . ······························································ (1分)∵x QB AB AQ -=-=2,3=BC ,∴22APQ x S PF -=△,32PBC S PE =△. ∴42x S S PBC APQ -=∆∆,即42x y -= . ······························································ (2分) 函数的定义域是0≤x ≤87. ·········································································· (1分)(3) 过点P 作BC PM ⊥,AB PN ⊥,垂足分别为M 、N .易得四边形PNBM 为矩形,∴BC PN //,BN PM =,︒=∠90MPN .∵BC AD //,∴AD PN //.∴AB AD BN PN =.∴ABADPM PN =. ····················· (1分) ∵AB AD PC PQ =,∴PCPQPM PN =. ······································································ (1分) 又∵︒=∠=∠90PNQ PMC ,∴Rt △PCM ∽Rt △PQN . ···················· (1分) ∴QPN CPM ∠=∠. ····················································································· (1分) ∵︒=∠90MPN ,∴︒=∠=∠+∠=∠+∠90MPN QPM QPN QPM CPM , 即︒=∠90QPC . ···························································································· (1分)。

2009年上海市中考数学及答案

2009年上海市中考数学及答案

1 / 82009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)考生注意:1.本试卷含三个大题,共25题;2.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效.3.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤.一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的,选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.】1.计算32()a的结果是()A.5a B.6a C.8a D.9a2.不等式组1021xx???????,的解集是()A.1x?? B.3x? C.13x??? D.31x???3.用换元法解分式方程13101xxxx?????时,如果设1xyx??,将原方程化为关于y的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是()A.230yy??? B.2310yy???C.2310yy??? D.2310yy???4.抛物线22()yxmn???(mn,是常数)的顶点坐标是()A.()mn, B.()mn?, C.()mn?, D.()mn??,5.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是()A.正六边形 B.正五边形 C.正四边形 C.正三边形6.如图1,已知ABCDEF∥∥,那么下列结论正确的是()A.ADBCDFCE? B.BCDFCEAD?C.CDBCEFBE? D.CDADEFAF?二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)【请将结果直线填入答题纸的相应位置】7.分母有理化:.8.方程11x??的根是 A B D C E F图115?.2 / 89.如果关于x的方程20xxk???(k为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k?10.已知函数1()1fxx??,那么(3)f?11.反比例函数2yx?图像的两支分别在第象限.12.将抛物线2yx?向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是14.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m,那么该商品现在的价格是元(结果用含m的代数式表示).15.如图2,在ABC△中,AD是边BC上的中线,设向量,如果用向量a,b表示向量AD,那么AD= 16.在圆O中,弦AB的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA?17.在四边形ABCD中,对角线AC与BD互相平分,交点为O.在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是18.在RtABC△中,903BACABM???°,,为边BC上的点,联结AM(如图3所示).如果将ABM△沿直线AM翻折后,点B恰好落在边AC的中点处,那么点M到AC的距离是三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分)19.(本题满分10分)计算:22221(1)121aaaaaa????????.20.(本题满分10分)解方程组:21220yxxxy????????,①.②21.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)如图4,在梯形ABCD中,86012ADBCABDCBBC?????∥,,°,,联结AC.(1)求tanACB?的值;(2)若MN、分别是ABDC、的中点,联结MN,求线段MN的长.22.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分2分,第(2)小题满分3分,第(3)小题满分2分,第(4)小题满分3分)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).图2ACDBA 图3B M CA D C图4 B BCb?ABa?.3 / 8数1表一根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果):(1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是;(3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)已知线段AC与BD相交于点O,联结ABDC、,E为OB的中点,F为OC的中点,联结EF(如图6所示).(1)添加条件AD???,OEFOFE???,求证:ABDC?.(2)分别将“AD???”记为①,“OEFOFE???”记为②,“ABDC?”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是命题,命题2是命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格).24(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)在直角坐标平面内,O为原点,点A的坐标为(10),,点C的坐标为(04),,直线CMx∥轴(如图7所示).点B与点A关于原点对称,直线yxb??(b为常数)经过点B,且与直线CM相交于点D,联结OD.(1)求b的值和点D的坐标;(2)设点P在x轴的正半轴上,若POD△是等腰三角形,求点P的坐标;(3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD为半径的圆P与圆O外切,求圆O的半径.25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分5分)已知9ABC??°,,,∥,为线段BD上的动点,点Q在射线AB上,且满足PQADPCAB?(如图8所示).(1)当2AD?,且点Q与点B重合时(如图9所示),求线段PC的长;(2)在图8中,联结AP.当32AD?,且点Q在线段AB上时,设点BQ、之间的距离九年级八年级七年级六年级 25%30%25% 图5 图6 O D CAB E FC MOxy 12 34 1?图7A 1B Dyxb??4 / 8为x,APQPBC SyS?△△,其中APQS△表示APQ△的面积,PBC S△表示PBC△的面积,求y关于x的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当ADAB?,且点Q在线段AB的延长线上时(如图10所示),求QPC?的大小.2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数学卷答案要点与评分标准说明:1.解答只列出试题的一种或几种解法.如果考生的解法与所列解法不同,可参照解答中评分标准相应评分;2.第一、二大题若无特别说明,每题评分只有满分或零分;3.第三大题中各题右端所注分数,表示考生正确做对这一步应得分数;4.评阅试卷,要坚持每题评阅到底,不能因考生解答中出现错误而中断对本题的评阅.如果考生的解答在某一步出现错误,影响后继部分而未改变本题的内容和难度,视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分,但原则上不超过后继部分应得分数的一半;5.评分时,给分或扣分均以1分为基本单位.一.选择题:(本大题共6题,满分24分)1. B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B; 5.C; 6.A.1、2、解:解不等式①,得x>-1,解不等式②,得x<3,所以不等式组的解集为-1<x<3,故选C.3、4、5、6、二.填空题:(本大题共12题,满分48分)7.; ADPC B Q 图8 DAP C B(Q)图9 图10C ADPB Q5 / 88.2?x;解:由题意知x-1=1,解得x=2.9.14;10.?12;11.一、三;12.21yx??;解:由“上加下减”的原则可知,将抛物线y=x2-2向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是,y=x2-2+1,即y=x2-1.故答案为:y=x2-1.1316;解:因为从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,可能出现的结果有6种,选中小明的可能性有一种,所以小明被选中的概率是1/ 6.14.2)1(100m?;解:第一次降价后价格为100(1-m),第二次降价是在第一次降价后完成的,所以应为100(1-m)(1-m),即100(1-m)2.15.ba??21?;解:因为向量 AB = a , BC = b ,根据平行四边形法则,可得: AB = a , BC = b , AC = AB + BC =a+b,又因为在△ABC中,AD是BC边上的中线,所以16.5;17.ACBD?(或???90ABC等);解:∵对角线AC与BD互相平分,∴四边形ABCD是平行四边形,要使四边形ABCD成为矩形,需添加一个条件是:AC=BD或有个内角等于90度.18. 2.6 / 8三.解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分)19.解:原式=2)1()1)(1(111)1(2????????aaaaaa···········································(7分)=1112????aaa·······································································(1分)=11??aa··············································································(1分)=1?.················································································(1分)20.解:由方程①得1??xy,③························································(1分)将③代入②,得02)1(22????xxx,··········································(1分)整理,得022???xx,······························································(2分)解得1221xx???,,··································································(3分)分别将1221xx???,代入③,得1230yy??,,··························(2分)所以,原方程组的解为1123xy?????,;2210.xy??????,·····································(1分)21.解:(1)过点A作BCAE?,垂足为E.···········································(1分)在Rt△ABE中,∵???60B,8?AB,∴460cos8cos??????BABBE,··············································(1 分)3460sin8sin??????BABAE.··················································(1分)∵12?BC,∴8?EC.·······························································(1 分)在Rt△AEC中,23834tan????ECAEACB.···································(1分)(2)在梯形ABCD中,∵DCAB?,???60B,∴··············(1分)过点D作BCDF?,垂足为F,∵?????90AECDFC,∴DFAE//..∵BCAD//,∴四边形AEFD是平行四边形.∴EFAD?.····················(1分)在Rt△DCF中,460cos8cos???????DCFDCFC,····················(1分)∴4???FCECEF.∴4?AD.∵M、N分别是AB、DC的中点,∴821242?????BCADMN.·······(2分)22.(1)%20;·················································································(2分)(2)6;···················································································(3分)7 / 8(3)%35;················································································(2分)(4)5.······················································································(3分)23.(1)证明:OFEOEF??? ,∴OFOE?.···································································(1∵E为OB的中点,F为OC的中∴OEOB2?,OFOC2?. (1)OCOB?.···································································(1∵DA???,DOCAOB???,∴△AOB≌△DCAB??.···································································(1分)(2)真;························································································(3分)假.···························································································(3分)24.解:(1)∵点A的坐标为(10),,点B与点A关于原点对称,∴点B的坐标为(10)?,.·································································(1分)∵直线bxy??经过点B,∴01???b,得1?b.···························(1分)∵点C的坐标为(04),,直线xCM//轴,∴设点D的坐标为(4)x,.·······(1分)∵直线1??xy与直线CM相交于点D,∴3?x.∴D的坐标为(34),.…(1分)(2)∵D的坐标为(34),,∴5?OD.···············································(1分)当5??ODPD时,点P的坐标为(60),;·····································(1分)当5??ODPO时,点P的坐标为(50),,·····································(1分)当PDPO?时,设点P的坐标为(0)x,)0(?x,∴224)3(???xx,得625?x,∴点P的坐标为25(0)6,.···········(1分)综上所述,所求点P的坐标是(60),、(50),或25(0)6,.(3)当以PD为半径的圆P与圆O外切时,若点P的坐标为(60),,则圆P的半径5?PD,圆心距6?PO,∴圆O的半径1?r.·····································································(2分)若点P的坐标为(50),,则圆P的半径52?PD,圆心距5?PO,∴圆O的半径525??r.··························································(2分)综上所述,所求圆O的半径等于1或525?.25.解:(1)∵BCAD//,∴DBCADB???.∵2??ABAD,∴ADBABD???.∴ABDDBC???.∵???90ABC.∴???45PBC.················································(1分)∵ABADPCPQ?,ABAD?,点Q与点B重合,∴PCPQPB??.∴?????45PBCPCB.······························································(1分)∴???90BPC.·········································································(1分)在Rt△BPC中,22345cos3cos??????CBCPC.····················(1分)(2)过点P作BCPE?,ABPF?,垂足分别为E、F.····················(1分)∴???????90BEPFBEPFB.∴四边形FBEP是矩形.∴BCPF//,BFPE?.∵BCAD//,∴ADPF//.∴ABADBFPF?.8 / 8∵23?AD,2?AB,∴43?PEPF.················································(1分)∵xQBABAQ????2,3?BC,∴22APQ xSPF??△,32PBC SPE?△.∴42xSS PBCAPQ????,即42xy??·················································(2分)函数的定义域是0≤x≤87.···························································(1分)(3)过点P作BCPM?,ABPN?,垂足分别为M、N.易得四边形PNBM为矩形,∴BCPN//,BNPM?,???90MPN.∵BCAD//,∴ADPN//.∴ABADBNPN?.∴ABADPMPN?.··············(1分)∵ABADPCPQ?,∴PCPQPMPN?.······················································(1分)又∵?????90PNQPMC,∴Rt△PCM∽Rt△PQN.···············(1分)∴QPNCPM???.···································································(1分)∵???90MPN,∴???????????90MPNQPMQPNQPMCPM,即???90QPC.·········································································(1分)。

2009年上海中考试卷(答案)

2009年上海中考试卷(答案)

2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数 学 卷(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分) 1.计算32()a 的结果是( B ) A .5aB .6aC .8aD .9a2.不等式组1021x x +>⎧⎨-<⎩,的解集是( C )A .1x >-B .3x <C .13x -<<D .31x -<<3.用换元法解分式方程13101x x x x --+=-时,如果设1x y x-=,将原方程化为关于y 的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( A ) A .230y y +-= B .2310y y -+=C .2310y y -+=D .2310y y --=4.抛物线22()y x m n =++(m n ,是常数)的顶点坐标是( B ) A .()m n ,B .()m n -,C .()m n -,D .()m n --,5.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( C )A .正六边形B .正五边形C .正四边形 C .正三边形6.如图1,已知AB CD EF ∥∥,那么下列结论正确的是(A )A .AD BCDF CE = B .BC DFCE AD =C .CD BCEF BE= D .CD ADEF AF= 二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分) 7.分母有理化:81=的根是 x=2 .9.如果关于x 的方程20x x k -+=(k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k =.10.已知函数1()1f x x =-,那么(3)f = —1/2 .11.反比例函数2y x=图像的两支分别在第 I III 象限.A B D C E F图1=14512.将抛物线2y x =-2向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是 2y x =-1 .13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 1/6 .14.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m ,那么该商品现在的价格是100*(1—m)^2 元(结果用含m 的代数式表示).15.如图2,在ABC △中,AD 是边BC 上的中线,设向量 , 如果用向量a ,b 表示向量AD ,那么AD =a +(b/2).16.在圆O 中,弦AB 的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA = 5 .17.在四边形ABCD 中,对角线AC 与BD 互相平分,交点为O .在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是AC=BD 或者有个内角等于90度 .18.在Rt ABC △中,903BAC AB M ∠==°,,为边BC 上的点,联结AM (如图3所示).如果将ABM △沿直线AM 翻折后,点B 恰好落在边AC 的中点处,那么点M 到AC 的距离是 2 .三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分)计算:22221(1)121a a a a a a +-÷+---+. = —120.(本题满分10分) 解方程组:21220y x x xy -=⎧⎨--=⎩,①.②(X=2 y=3 ) (x=-1 y=0) 21.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)如图4,在梯形ABCD 中,86012AD BC AB DC B BC ==∠==∥,,°,,联结AC .(1)求tan ACB ∠的值;(2)若M N 、分别是AB DC 、的中点,联结MN ,求线段MN 的长. (1) 二分之根号3 (2)8图2A 图3B M CA D C图4 B AB a =22.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分2分,第(2)小题满分3分,第(3)小题满分2分,第(4)小题满分3分)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).表一根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果): (1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是 20% ;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是 6 ; (3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是 35% ;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是 5 .23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)已知线段AC 与BD 相交于点O ,联结AB DC 、,E 为OB的中点,F 为OC 的中点,联结EF (如图6所示).(1)添加条件A D ∠=∠,OEF OFE ∠=∠,求证:AB DC =. 证明:由已知条件得:2OE=2OC OB=OC 又 A D ∠=∠角AOB=角DOC 所以三角形ABO 全等于三角形DOC 所以AB DC =(2)分别将“A D ∠=∠”记为①,“OEF OFE ∠=∠”记为②,“AB DC =”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 真 命题,命题2是 假 命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格).九年级 八年级 七年级六年级 25%30%25% 图5 图6 O D CAB E F24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)在直角坐标平面内,O 为原点,点A 的坐标为(10),,点C 的坐标为(04),,直线CM x ∥轴(如图7所示).点B 与点A 关于原点对称,直线y x b =+(b 为常数)经过点B ,且与直线CM 相交于点D ,联结OD . (1)求b 的值和点D 的坐标; (2)设点P 在x 轴的正半轴上,若POD △是等腰三角形,求点P 的坐标; (3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切,求圆O 的半径.解:(1)点B (—1,0),代入得到 b=1 直线BD : y=x+1 Y=4代入 x=3 点D (3,4) (2)1、PO=OD=5 则P (5,0)2、PD=OD=5 则PO=2*3=6 则点P (6,0)3、PD=PO 设P (x ,0) D (3,4)则由勾股定理 解得 x=25/6 则点P (25/6,0)(3)由P ,D 两点坐标可以算出:1、r=5—2、PD=5 r=13、PD=25/6 r=0(网上答案保留,但是我建议舍掉)xb25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分5分)已知9023ABC AB BC AD BC P ∠===°,,,∥,为线段BD 上的动点,点Q 在射线AB 上,且满足PQ AD PC AB=(如图8所示). (1)当2AD =,且点Q 与点B 重合时(如图9所示),求线段PC 的长; (2)在图8中,联结AP .当32AD =,且点Q 在线段AB 上时,设点B Q 、之间的距离为x ,APQ PBCS y S =△△,其中APQ S △表示APQ △的面积,PBC S △表示PBC △的面积,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当AD AB <,且点Q 在线段AB 的延长线上时(如图10所示),求QPC ∠的大小.解:(1)AD=2,且Q 点与B 点重合,根据题意,∠PBC=∠PDA ,因为∠A=90。

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2009年上海市初中毕业统一学业考试数 学 卷(满分150分,考试时间100分钟)考生注意:1.本试卷含三个大题,共25题;2.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效.3.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤.一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的,选择正确项的代号并填涂在答题纸的相应位置上.】 1.计算32()a 的结果是(B ) A .5aB .6aC .8aD .9a2.不等式组1021x x +>⎧⎨-<⎩,的解集是( C )A .1x >-B .3x <C .13x -<<D .31x -<<3.用换元法解分式方程13101x x x x --+=-时,如果设1x y x-=,将原方程化为关于y 的整式方程,那么这个整式方程是( A ) A .230y y +-= B .2310y y -+=C .2310y y -+=D .2310y y --=4.抛物线22()y x m n =++(m n ,是常数)的顶点坐标是( B ) A .()m n ,B .()m n -,C .()m n -,D .()m n --,5.下列正多边形中,中心角等于内角的是( C )A .正六边形B .正五边形C .正四边形 C .正三边形6.如图1,已知AB CD EF ∥∥,那么下列结论正确的是(A)A .AD BCDF CE = B .BC DFCE AD =C .CD BCEF BE= D .CD ADEF AF= 二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分) 7.分母有理化:81=的根是 x=2 .A B D C E F图1=9.如果关于x 的方程20x x k -+=(k 为常数)有两个相等的实数根,那么k =.10.已知函数1()1f x x =-,那么(3)f = —1/2 . 11.反比例函数2y x=图像的两支分别在第 I III 象限.12.将抛物线2y x =向上平移一个单位后,得以新的抛物线,那么新的抛物线的表达式是 .13.如果从小明等6名学生中任选1名作为“世博会”志愿者,那么小明被选中的概率是 1/6 .14.某商品的原价为100元,如果经过两次降价,且每次降价的百分率都是m ,那么该商品现在的价格是100*(1—m)^2 元(结果用含m 的代数式表示).15.如图2,在ABC △中,AD 是边BC 上的中线,设向量 , 如果用向量a ,b 表示向量AD ,那么AD =a +(b /2).16.在圆O 中,弦AB 的长为6,它所对应的弦心距为4,那么半径OA = 5 .17.在四边形ABCD 中,对角线AC 与BD 互相平分,交点为O .在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使四边形ABCD 成为矩形,还需添加一个条件,这个条件可以是AC=BD 或者有个内角等于90度 .18.在Rt ABC △中,903BAC AB M ∠==°,,为边BC 上的点,联结AM (如图3所示).如果将ABM △沿直线AM 翻折后,点B 恰好落在边AC 的中点处,那么点M 到AC 的距离是 2 .三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分) 19.(本题满分10分)计算:22221(1)121a a a a a a +-÷+---+. = —120.(本题满分10分) 解方程组:21220y x x xy -=⎧⎨--=⎩,①.②(X=2 y=3 ) (x=-1 y=0) 21.(本题满分10分,每小题满分各5分)如图4,在梯形ABCD 中,86012AD BC AB DC B BC ==∠==∥,,°,,联结AC . (1)求tan ACB ∠的值;图2AA 图3B M C142y x =BC b =AB a =(2)若M N 、分别是AB DC 、的中点,联结MN ,求线段MN 的长. (1) 二分之根号3 (2)822.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分2分,第(2)小题满分3分,第(3)小题满分2分,第(4)小题满分3分)为了了解某校初中男生的身体素质状况,在该校六年级至九年级共四个年级的男生中,分别抽取部分学生进行“引体向上”测试.所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数情况如表一所示;各年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率如图5所示(其中六年级相关数据未标出).表一根据上述信息,回答下列问题(直接写出结果): (1)六年级的被测试人数占所有被测试人数的百分率是20% ;(2)在所有被测试者中,九年级的人数是 6 ; (3)在所有被测试者中,“引体向上”次数不小于6的人数所占的百分率是 35% ;(4)在所有被测试者的“引体向上”次数中,众数是 5 .23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)已知线段AC 与BD 相交于点O ,联结AB DC 、,E 为OB的中点,F 为OC 的中点,联结EF (如图6所示).(1)添加条件A D ∠=∠,OEF OFE ∠=∠,求证:AB DC =. 证明:由已知条件得:2OE=2OC OB=OC 又 A D ∠=∠角AOB=角DOC 所以三角形ABO 全等于三角形DOC 所以AB DC =(2)分别将“A D ∠=∠”记为①,“OEF OFE ∠=∠”记为②,“AB DC =”记为③,添加条件①、③,以②为结论构成命题1,添加条件②、③,以①为结论构成命题2.命题1是 真 命题,命题2是 假 命题(选择“真”或“假”填入空格). 24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分)A DC图4 B 九年级八年级 七年级六年级 25% 30%25% 图5 图6 O D CAB E F在直角坐标平面内,O 为原点,点A 的坐标为(10),,点C 的坐标为(04),,直线CM x ∥轴(如图7所示).点B 与点A 关于原点对称,直线y x b =+(b 为常数)经过点B ,且与直线CM 相交于点D ,联结OD . (1)求b 的值和点D 的坐标; (2)设点P 在x 轴的正半轴上,若POD △是等腰三角形,求点P 的坐标; (3)在(2)的条件下,如果以PD 为半径的圆P 与圆O 外切,求圆O 的半径. 解:(1)点B (—1,0),代入得到 b=1 直线BD : y=x+1 Y=4代入 x=3 点D (3,1)(2)1、PO=OD=5 则P (5,0)2、PD=OD=5 则PO=2*3=6 则点P (6,0)3、PD=PO 设P (x ,0) D (3,4)则由勾股定理 解得 x=25/6 则点P (25/6,0)(3)由P ,D 两点坐标可以算出:1、r=5—2、PD=5 r=13、PD=25/6 r=025.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2)小题满分5分,第(3)小题满分5分)已知9023ABC AB BC AD BC P∠===°,,,∥,为线段BD 上的动点,点Q 在射线AB 上,且满足PQ ADPC AB=(如图8所示). (1)当2AD =,且点Q 与点B 重合时(如图9所示),求线段PC 的长; (2)在图8中,联结AP .当32AD =,且点Q 在线段AB 上时,设点B Q 、之间的距离为x ,APQ PBCS y S =△△,其中APQ S △表示APQ △的面积,PBC S △表示PBC △的面积,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出函数定义域;(3)当AD AB <,且点Q 在线段AB 的延长线上时(如图10所示),求QPC ∠的大小.解:(1)AD=2,且Q 点与B 点重合,根据题意,∠PBC=∠PDA ,因为∠A=90。

PQ/PC=AD/AB=1,ADPC B Q 图8 DAPC B(Q ) 图9 图10C ADPB Qxb所以:△PQC 为等腰直角三角形,BC=3,所以:(2)如图:添加辅助线,根据题意,两个三角形的面积可以分别表示成S1,S2, 高分别是H ,h ,则:S1=(2-x )H/2=(2*3/2)/2-(x*H/2)-(3/2)*(2-h)/2 S2=3*h/2 因为两S1/S2=y ,消去H,h,得: Y=-(1/4)*x+(1/2),定义域:当点P 运动到与D 点重合时,X 的取值就是最大值,当PC 垂直BD 时,这时X=0,连接DC,作QD 垂直DC ,由已知条件得:B 、Q 、D 、C 四点共圆,则由圆周角定理可以推知:三角形QDC 相似于三角形ABDQD/DC=AD/AB=3/4,令QD=3t,DC=4t,则:QC=5t ,由勾股定理得: 直角三角形AQD 中:(3/2)^2+(2-x)^2=(3t)^2 直角三角形QBC 中:3^2+x^2=(5t)^2整理得:64x^2-400x+301=0 (8x-7)(8x-43)=0 得 x1=7/8 x2=(43/8)>2(舍去) 所以函数: Y=-(1/4)*x+1/2的定义域为[0,7/8] (3)因为:PQ/PC=AD/AB,假设PQ 不垂直PC ,则可以作一条直线PQ ′垂直于PC ,与AB 交于Q ′点,则:B ,Q ′,P ,C 四点共圆,由圆周角定理,以及相似三角形的性质得:PQ ′/PC=AD/AB,又由于PQ/PC=AD/AB 所以,点Q ′与点Q 重合,所以角∠QPC=90。

AD P CBQ 图8D A PCB(Q ) 图9图10CA D PBQ。

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