非谓语动词语法(热门5篇)
非谓语动词用法精讲(完整版)
表按计划要做的事情.
4.不定式作定语
不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词、代词之后, 与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、 同位关系或修饰关系。 1 主谓关系 The future to greet us will be bright. 我们的未来会十分美好的。 The next train to arrive was from New York. 下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。
4 修饰关系 Now it is time to begin our class. 现在是上课的时间了。
注意: ①、不定式作定语要考虑与主语的关系,主语是不定 式的逻辑主语,不定式要用主动式;反之用被动式。 He has many things to do . He wants his bike to be repaired right now.
非谓语动词的句法功能
语法特征:在句子中充当谓语以外的各种句子成分的动 词叫非谓语动词,包括不定式、动名词、分词(现在分词和过 去分词),他们没有人称和数的变化,但保留动词的某些特征: 有时态和语态的变化,有否定式,可以带宾语、状语和补语; 又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句子中可充当主语、宾 语、表语、定语和状语等成分。
如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁 做的,可以在不定式前加一个由for 引起 的短语。 It is easy for the students to read. It will be a mistake for us to help you.
It is + 形容词 + for / of sb + 不定式结构 在“It is + 形容词 + of sb + 不定式”结构中, 形容词往往表示人物的性格和特征,
非谓语动词:to动词原形动词原形ing,英语语言最爱的表达形式
非谓语动词:to动词原形动词原形ing,英语语言最爱的表达形式一、【非谓语动词】:表示动作或者动词词组,不做谓语。
今天主讲非谓语动词形式:to + 动词动词原形,动词原形+ing (V-ing)。
1.动词不定式:由to+动词原形构成。
可以做主语,宾语,定语,表语和状语。
(1)做主语To get there by bikewill take us an hour.解析:译文:骑自行车到达那里将会需要1个小时。
非谓语动词不定式词组做主语:toget there by bike谓语:will take宾语1:us(直接宾语)宾语2:an hour(间接宾语)(2)做宾语The driver failed to see the car in time.解析:译文:这个司机没有及时看到这个小轿车。
主语:The driver谓语:failed宾语:to see the car (非谓语不定式词组做宾语)状语(时间):in time(3)宾补We believe him to be guilty.解析:译文:我们相信他是无罪的。
主语:We谓语:believe宾语:him宾补:to beguilty(对宾语的补充说明)(4) 定语The next train to arrive is from Seoul.解析:译文:马上即将到达的列车是来自首尔的。
主语:The next train谓语:is from宾语:Seoul定语:to arrive(定语是修饰主语的,这里to arrive “即将到达”,修饰 thenext train“下一趟列车”)(5) 表语My suggestion is to put offthe meeting.解析:译文:我的建议是推迟这次会议。
主语:My suggestion谓语:is宾语:themeeting表语:to put off(主系表,在is后面为表语)(7) 状语I come here only to say goodbye to you.解析:译文:我来到这只想跟你告别。
非谓语动词(不定式)的用法
非谓语动词(不定式)的用法非谓语动词(动词不定式的具体用法)动词不定式有三大语法功能:1.充当名词,可作主语、宾语或表语;2.充当形容词,可作后置定语或宾语补足语;3.充当副词,可作状语。
构成不定式需要使用“to+动词原形”的形式,否定式则在不定式符号之前加入否定词“not/never”。
一、不定式作主语的用法不定式作主语的特点是具有名词的功能,可表示意愿或未完成的事情,谓语动词要用单数。
常见的此类名词有:plan(计划)、purpose(目的)、attempt(企图)、goal(目标)、aim(目的)、n(雄心)、dream(梦想)、ideal(理想)、wish(希望/愿望)、hope(希望)、n(决定)、n(决定)、proposal(提议/建议)等。
为了避免主语过长,不定式短语可放在句末,用形式主语“it”代替原来的主语位置,不定式则成为真正的主语。
例如:___.(赢得冠军是我的雄心。
)To master a foreign language is necessary.(掌握一门外语是有必要的。
)To e President of the United States used to be my goal.(过去我的梦想是成为美国总统。
)Speaking perfect English is always my dream.(说一口流利的英语一直是我的梦想。
)It is ___.(保护环境是有必要的。
)There are two special ___:1) It is + adj + of sb + to do sth.2) It is + adj + for sb + to do sth.___ characteristics and differences are:1) If ___ characteristics or traits。
the logical subject of the ___ "of."Examples:It is very affable of you to help me。
英语语法:非谓语动词用法
【导语】⾮谓语动词,⼜叫⾮限定动词,⾮谓语动词是指在句⼦中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的⾮谓语形式。
⾮谓语动词除了不能独⽴作谓语外,可以承担句⼦的其他成分。
整理了⾮谓语动词⽤法,快来看看吧!希望能帮助到你~更多相关讯息请关注! 概述 在⼤学英语四六级考试的词汇和语法部分中,年年必考的⼀项语法就是⾮谓语动词(Non-finite Verb)。
⾮谓语动词分为三类:不定式(infinitive)、动名词(gerund)和分词(participle)。
其特点是: 1.不定式、动名词和分词可以做很多句⼦成分,但就是不能单独做谓语,这也是它们被称为"⾮谓语动词"的原因。
2.它们具有各种形态:原形、主动态、被动态、进⾏态和完成态。
3.不定式和动名词可以做主语、宾语、表语、补语等。
但不管起什么作⽤,它们都具有动词的功能,但⽆语法上的动词性质,这⼀点可以通过它们不受主语的⼈称和数的限制体现出来。
4.分词起形容词和副词作⽤,可做表语、定语、状语和复合结构中的复合宾语,但不能做主语和宾语。
它也不受主语⼈称和数的限制。
不定式 1.结构 不定式的主动态是to do,其否定式是not to do,被动态是to be done,进⾏态是to be doing,完成态是to have done. 例:1996年6⽉四级第24题 Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection ______ to the nation. A) has left B) is to leave C) leaves D) is to be left 结合选项来看,全句的意思:"78岁的丹尼斯爵⼠已经向众⼈宣布他的许多收藏品将留给国家".收藏品是"被留给国家",因此需要⼀个被动式做宾语,所以答案是D) is to be left. 2.不定式做主语 例:1995年1⽉四级第55题 It is not unusual for workers in that region _________. A) to be paid more than a month later B) to be paid later than more a month C) to pay later than a month more D) to pay later more than a month it 在句中作形式主语。
最新英语语法非谓语动词归纳总结
最新英语语法非谓语动词归纳总结一、单项选择非谓语动词1.New York is the fashion capital of the world, says a new study on Feb 4. 2014 by the Global Language Monitor (GLM), Pairs ____ second, with Shanghai ______10th while Hongkong 20th. A.coming, ranks B.come, ranked C.comes, ranking D.coming, ranking【答案】D【解析】D考查非谓语动词。
句意:2月4日的一项新研究表明,纽约是世界的时尚之都。
2014年全球语言监测机构(GLM)排名第二,上海排名第10,香港排名第20。
Come和Pair是主动关系用动词ing形式,rank与Shanghai是主动关系,用动词ing形式,故选D。
2.——Can I smoke here? ——Sorry. We don’t allow _______here.A.people smoking B.people smoke C.to smoke D.smoking【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:--我可以在这里吸烟吗?---对不起,我们不允许在这里吸烟。
allow sb to do 允许某人做某事;allow doing允许做某事。
根据句意故选D。
考点:考查冠词的用法。
3.________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again.A.Having eaten B.To eatC.Eat D.Eating【答案】A【解析】试题分析:分析句子结构可知,主句主语为Tina,前半句为从句,应该用非谓语动词作状语,故排除C。
不定与主要表目的和将来,故排除B。
高中英语语法总结非谓语动词
非谓语动词在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词..非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式、动名词和分词分词包括现在分词和过去分词不定式一、不定式的作用1、作主语不定式作主语时;谓语用单数..往往用it 作形式主语;把不定式放在谓语后面..如:It took us two hours to finish the job.It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.注意:1其他系动词如look; appear等也可用于此句型..2当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时;不能用It is …to…的句型..试比较:It is to negate my own idea to believe him.错To believe him is to negate my own idea .对3It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中;当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时;用of; 否则用 for.2、作宾语(1)动词+不定式..如:He managed to escape from the fire.I find it hard to get along with him.it 作形式宾语注:下列动词通常用不定式作宾语:want; try; hope; wish; need; forget; know;promise; refuse; help; decide; begin; start; learn; agree; choose; get等(2)动词+疑问词+to ; “特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词;作宾语..如:I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.I can’t decide when to go there.注意:不定式短语作宾语时;如果还带有宾语补足语;往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后;用it 作形式宾语..如:I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.3、作宾语补足语(1)动词+宾语+不定式to do ..如:He warned me to be careful.I want you to speak to Tom.What makes you think so 不带to的不定式注:可以用动词不定式做宾补的动词有:ask; tell; order ;want ;get; would like; like;advise; invite; allow; help; wish;warn; expect; prefer; encourage (2)表见解、看法的动词结构可为:动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式结构..如:We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.The book is believed to be useful.被动语态3 There +不定式..如:We didn’t expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在那里..注意:1有些动词需用 as 短语作补语;像regard; think; believe; take; consider..如:We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师..Mary took him as her father. 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲..2在动词feel 一感;hear; listen to二听;have; let; make三让;notice; see; watch; observe; look at五看即:吾看三室两厅一感觉等后面的补足语中;不定式不带to;但变为被动语态后;必须带to..如:They saw the boy fall off the tree. The boy was seen to fall off the tree. 3help后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to;也可以不带to.I often help him toclean the room.I helped him to find his things.4、作定语不定式作定语;修饰名词或代词;不定式和它所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系、动状关系、同位关系或动宾关系..不定式通常要放在这些被修饰的词后..如:I have a lot of work to do.动宾关系He is looking for a room to live in.动状关系He is the first person to think of the idea.主谓关系He has got a chance to go abroad.同位关系注意:1.不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时;不定式用主动形式表被动..如:Do you have anything else to say2.如果作定语的不定式是一个短语;则要保留不定时短语中的副词或介词..如:I need a pen to write with . I will wirte with the pen 我需要一直钢笔写字I have a little baby to look after .I must look after the little baby 我有一个婴儿要照看作状语;表示目的、结果、原因等;有时还有一些固定搭配的不定式短语;如in order to ; so as to; so…as to; such …as to; ….enough to; too…to等..(1)做目的状语;to; only to 仅仅为了; in order to; so as to; sosuch….as to…如此···以便···如:He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车..He came to the school to see his son.(2)作结果状语;表事先没有预料到的;要放在句子后面..如:He hurried to the post office only to find it was closed.He searched the room only to find nothing.(3)做原因状语..如:We were very excited to hear the news.I’m glad to see you.(4)做条件状语..如:To turn to the left ; you could find a post office.5、作表语不定式可放在be动词后面;构成表语..如:The question is how to put it into practice.My question is when to leave.His dream is to be a doctor.Her work is to look after the babies.注意:1.不定式在句中作表语时;对应的谓语动词用单数..2.当助于是不定式时;表语不能用Ving形式;可用不定式..如:To see is to believe. 眼见为实6、独立结构..如:To tell you the truth; I don’t agree with you.To make matters worse; it began to rain.二、不定式的时态和语态1、不定式的时态(1)现在时:有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生;有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后..如:He seems to know this. I hope to see you again.(2)完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前..如:I’m sorry to have gi ven you so much trouble.He seems to have caught a cold.(3)进行时:表示动作正在进行;与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生..如:He seems to be eating something.(4)完成进行时:表示动作从过去某个时间开始;一直延续到现在;并有可能持续下去..如:She is known to have been working on the problem for many years.2、不定式的语态当不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时;就用被动式..如:He was seen to enter the hall. He asked to be sent to work in Tibet.三、省to 的动词不定式1、情态动词除ought 外;ought to2、Would rather; had better.3、感官动词 see; watch; look at; notice; observe; hear; listen to; smell; feel 等后作宾补;省略 to.注意:在被动语态中 to 不能省略掉..如:I saw him dance. He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the wholenight.They were made to work the whole night.4、使役动词 let; have; make.5、由 and; or 和 than 连接的两个不定式;第二个 to 可以省去..如:He wants to move toFrance and marry the girl.6、Help 可带 to ;也可不带to; help sb. to do sth.7、Why…/Why not…8、But 和 except 前是动词 do 时;后面出现的动词用不带 to 的动词不定式..试比较:He wants to do nothing but go out.He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.9、通常在discover; imagine; suppose; think; understand 等词后;可以省去 to be .如:He is supposed to be nice. 他应该是个好人..——I usually go there by train.——Why not ______ by boat for a changeA to try goingB trying to goC to try and goD try goingPaul doesn’t have to be made ______ . He always works hard.A learnB to learnC learnedD learning四、动词不定式的否定式..如:Tell him not to shut the window. She pretended not to see me when I passed by.Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ______ after drinking.A never to driveB to never driveC never drivingD never driveThe boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street; but his mother told him ______.A not toB not to doC not do itD do not do The patient was warned ______ food before the operation.A to eat noB eating notC not to eatD not eating动名词动名词具有动词和名词的特征;在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语一、动名词的作用1、作主语谓语用单数..It代替动名词作主语;常用于如下结构:It’s no good/use doing···如:Seeing is believing.Playing with fire is dangerous.It’s no good waiting here.2、作宾语I enjoy listening to music.He often practices playing the piano in the evening.He is fond of playing basketball.He has given up smoking.Would you mind turning down your radio a little; please(1)只能接动名词作宾语的动词:admit;advise建议;risk;appreciate;envy嫉妒;avoid避免;consider考虑;delay延迟;deny否认;dislike不喜欢;enjoy;escape逃避;excuse原谅、宽恕;finish完成;forgive原谅;understand理解;give up放弃;imagine想象;keep保持;mind介意、在乎;miss未达到;practise训练;put off推迟;resist抵抗;suggest建议、暗示can’t help 禁不住;can’t stand无法忍受;devote toto为介词致力于···;look forward to 期望、盼望;stick to坚持;be used to习惯于;object to反对;be busy忙于···;fee like想要···be surprised at 对……感到惊讶 be proud of 以……为骄傲 succeed in 在某方面成功be afraid of害怕 give up 放弃(2)只能接不定式作宾语的动词:happen 碰巧;offer 主动提出;promise 答应;agree 同意;refuse拒绝;decide 决定;determine 决定、决心;pretend 假装;fail 未能够;learn;wish希望;hope;expect;afford 负担得起..(3)接动名词、不定式均可;意义相同的动词:like;love;dislike;hate;begin;star;continue;prefer;can’t bear/endure无法忍受;cease停止(4)下列词接动名词和不定式均可;但意义不同的动词:forget;goon;mean;regret;remember;stop;try等Stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing 停止做Forget to do 忘记要做 forget doing 忘记做过Remember to do 记得要做 remember doing 记得做过Regret to do 遗憾要做 regret doing 后悔做过Try to do 企图做;尽力做 try doing 试着做Go on to do 继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做同一件事Mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味做In some parts of London; missing a bus means _______ for another hour.A waitingB to waitingC waitD to be waiting(5)Need; require; want作“需要”讲;其后用动名词的主动式表示被动意义;be worth也有类似用法..如:The flowers need watering/to be watered.The problem is worth discussing.3、作表语此时的动名词可以和主语调换位置..如:My hobby is collecting stamps.Her job is washing; cleaning and taking care of the child4、作定语动名词作定语;一般表示用途..如:a waiting room;a diving board;a reading room;a dining hallthere are a lot of swimming pools in the city.注:1现在分词作定语表动作;它与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系;可改写成一个定语从句..如果为单词;放在被修饰n之前;为短语;放在被修饰n之后..如:a sleeping boy =a boy who is sleepinga developing country =a country which is developing2动名词作定语通常表示它所修饰的名词的用途或性质;可改写成一个for的短语;两者不存在逻辑上的主谓关系..如:a washing machine = a machine for washinga swimming pool = a pool for swimming二、动名词的时态和语态动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前;通常要用完成式;否则都用一般式..如:We are interested in playing chess.He was praised for having finished the work ahead of time.I’m sorry for not having kept my promise.若主语是动名词所表示的动作的对象;动名词用被动语态..如:We must do something to prevent water from being polluted.I remember having been told a story.He was afraid of being scolded by the teacher.分词分词分为现在分词和过去分词..在句中作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语..现在分词和过去分词的区别:在语态上;现在分词表示主动意义;过去分词表示被动意义;在时间上;现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生;过去分词表示的动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性..如:falling leaves 正在下落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶一、分词的作用1、作定语(1)单个分词作定语;分词前置..如:The sleeping boy is my son.The excited people rushed into the building.A lost opportunity never returns.He is a retired worker.(2)分词短语作定语;分词后置;分词修饰不定代词something等要后置;个别分词如give;left等作定语也后置..如:The girl standing under the tree is my niece.The building built last year is our library.This is the question given.There is nothing interesting.(3)过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系;相当于一个被动语态的定语从句..如:Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientistsThe first textbook ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A have writtenB to be writtenC being writtenD writtenWhat’s the language ______ in GermanyA speakingB spokenC be spokenD to speakPrices of daily goods ______ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A are boughtB boughtC been boughtD buying.When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”A readB readsC to readD reading2、作状语现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语..Not receiving any letter from him; I gave him a call.As I didn’t receive any letter from him; I gave him a call.Given more attention; the trees could have grown better.If more attention was given; the trees could have grown better.条件Walking along the street; I ran across my old friend.Bitten by a snake; he was taken to hospital原因.Though defeated; he didn’t lose heart.让步He lay on the grass; looking into the sky.伴随He came running to tell me the good news.方式______ some officials; Napoleon inspected his army.A FollowedB Followed byC Being followedD Having been followed答案:BThere was a terrible noise______ the sudden burst of light.A followedB followingC to be followedD being followed答案:B______ ; liquids can be changed into gases.A HeatingB To be heatedC HeatedD Heat答案:C注意:(1)选择现在分词还是过去分词;关键看主句的主语..如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出;分词就用现在分词;反之就用过去分词..试比较:BeingUsed for a long time; the book looks old.由于用了很长时间;这本书看上去很旧..Using the book; I find it useful.在使用的过程中;我发现这本书很有用..(2)分词作状语时;其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致;如果不一致;就用独立主格结构;即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语..现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语;一般不用作定语..When______; the museum will be open to the public next year.A completedB completingC being completedD to be completed______ such heavy pollution already; it may now be too late to clean up the river.A Having sufferedB SufferingC To sufferD Suffered3、作表语现在分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征;过去分词作表语多指主语所处的状态..如:The film is touching.The glass is broken.She looked tired with cooking.He remained standing beside the table.—I’m very______ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.—Mm; it does have a ______ smell.A pleasant; pleasedB pleased; pleasedC pleasant; pleasantD pleased;pleasant4、作宾语补足语分词和不定式一样;在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语..如:I smell something burning.I heard him singing the song.I heard my name called.I can’t make myself understood in English.I found my car missing.I’ll have my watch repaired.我想把我的手表修一下..The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.A carry outB carrying outC carried outD to carry out5、作插入语其结构是固定的;意思上的主语并不是句子的主语..generally speaking 一般说来 talking of speaking of 说到strictly speaking 严格地说 judging from 从···判断all things considered 从整体来看 taking all things into consideration 全面看来..如:Judging from his face; he must be ill.从他的脸色看;他一定是病了..Generally speaking; dogs can run faster than pigs.总的来说;狗比猪跑得快..一、分词的时态1、与主语动词同时..如:Arriving there; they found the boy dead.刚一到那儿;他们就发现那男孩死了..The secretary worked late into the night; ______ a long speech for the president.A to prepareB preparingC preparedD was preparing2、先于主语动词分词作时间状语;如果先于主动词的动作;且强调先后;要用having done..如:Having finished his homework; he went out for a walk.After he had finished his homework; he went out for a walk.做完作业;他出去散步..______ a reply; he decided to write again.A Not receivingB Receiving notC Not having receivedD Having not received二、分词的语态1、通常情况下;现在分词表示主动;过去分词表示被动..如:He is the man giving you/who gave you the book他就是给你书的那个人She is the girl stopped by/who was stopped by the car.她就是那个被车拦住的女孩..2、不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生..像:gone; fallen; retired; grown-up;escaped; faded; returned等词..如:a retired person 一个退休的人 a fallen ball 一个落下来的球 a burnt-outmatch 烧完了的火柴。
全)英语语法--非谓语动词
英语语法――非谓语动词第一部分:动词-ing形式(现在分词和动名词)1.动词-ing形式的构成:动词-ing形式是由动词原形词尾加-ing构成。
动词-ing形式同样有时态和语态变化,通常有下表几种Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.不知道他的地址,我只好在家里等着。
His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。
2。
动词-ing形式的一般式和完成式:一般式(doing)表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作,特别要注意对同时性的理解;完成式(having done)表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。
如:eg. Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生,他对书本很感兴趣。
Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课,他考试不及格。
3. 动词-ing形式的被动式:动词-ing形式的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing动作的承受者。
根据V-ing动作发生的时间,V-ing的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。
如:eg. The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter.他从来没谈起过他被记者采访的事情。
Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后,他把烟戒了。
(完整版)非谓语动词作宾语语法讲解和练习
非谓语动词作宾语的讲解和练习定义:在句子中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式,叫做非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs)。
非谓语动词也是动词的一种,他们有着动词的其他特点,可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。
非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。
主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。
一.动名词做宾语的口诀 : 即动词+v.ing考虑建议盼原谅,承认推迟没得想避免错过继续练,否认完成就欣赏禁止想象才冒险,不禁介意准逃亡难以忍受始反对,想要成功坚持忙习惯放弃有困难,导致专心防道歉。
解析:(记住口诀中对应的动词,)第一句包含的动词有:consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon,第二节包含的动词有:admit, delay/put off, fancy(想像,想要),第三句包含的动词有:avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice,第四句句包含的动词有:deny(否认,拒绝), finish, enjoy/appreciate(欣赏),第五句包含的动词有:forbid, imagine, risk(冒险)第六句包含的动词有:can't help, mind, allow/permit, escape.第七句包含的动词有:can't stand(难以忍受),set about 开始,着手,object to(反对),第八句包含动词有:feel like(想要),succeed in (成功),stick to(坚持) ,insist on(坚持,强调,坚决要求),be busy (in)(忙于做某事)第九句包含的动词有:be used/accustomed to(习惯于…),give up(放弃), have difficulty/trouble (in), (做某事有困难)第十句包含的动词有:lead to(导致), devote to(将…奉献给;把…专用于),prevent…… from……(预防,防止),apologize for(为……道歉),此外,have a good/wonderful/hard time (in), spend time (in),thank you for, pay attention to, aim at 目的在于,旨在;瞄准;企图,accuse…of… 控告;谴责,get down to(开始认真处理,对待), etc.二、通常只能接不定式作宾语的动词:(即:动词+to do) 记忆口诀如下:同意提出做计划,要求答应来帮忙。
英语语法之非谓语动词
英语语法之非谓语动词非谓语动词,顾名思义就是在句子中不能充当谓语的动词,但是,可以充当发句子的其他成分,也有时态和语态的变化。
这类动词包括不定式(to do),动词的-ing形式(分为动名词和动词的现在分词两种形式,书写形式都是doing)和过去分词(done)。
1. 做主语不定式和动名词形式都可以做主语,但过去分词不可以。
如:To do such thing is foolish. Seeing is believing.在这一用法中,需要注意的是:1)动名词可做主语,但动词现在分词不可以做主语。
2)不定式和动名词做主语时,谓语动词要用三单。
3)不定式做主语时,如主语长,为了避免头重脚轻,往往用it 做形式主语,把真正的不定式主语放在句子后头。
2. 做表语非谓语动词的这三种形式都可以用作表语。
如:Her job is to clean the hall. Her job is cleaning the hall. His good day is gone. 过去分词做表语时,要注意和句子的被动语态区分。
过去分词做表语表示主语的状态,而被动语态强调动作。
例如:The glass is broken. Broken做句子的表语,表示玻璃杯的状态。
The glass is broken by me.这个句子属于被动语态,强调动作“被打碎了”。
3. 做定语不定式,动词的ing形式,过去分词都可以做定语,但所表示的意义并不相同。
例如:I have a lot of work to do. She is a sleeping beauty. He takes sleeping pills every day. The stolen book is as same as his.1)不定式做定语表示将来的动作。
例句中的不定式表明将要做的工作还有很多。
2)动名词做定语时,表示作用和用途,如例句中的“sleeping pill”, pill的作用是to sleep。
非谓语动词的用法总结
非谓语动词的用法总结非谓语动词是英语中一种特殊的动词形式,它不具备时态和人称的变化,常用的非谓语动词有动词不定式、动名词和分词。
非谓语动词在句子中可以作多种不同的成分,包括主语、宾语、定语等,下面将详细总结非谓语动词的用法。
动词不定式1.作主语:–To work is important for everyone.–To study every day is necessary.2.作宾语:–She wants to learn Mandarin.–He decided to visit his parents.3.作定语:–This is a book to read.–I need a pen to write with.动名词1.作主语:–Reading is my favorite hobby.–Swimming is good for health.2.作宾语:–She enjoys listening to music.–He avoids eating fast food.3.作定语:–She bought a dress made of silk.–They prefer a hotel offering free breakfast.分词1.现在分词作定语:–The falling leaves covered the ground.–The crying baby needs attention.2.过去分词作定语:–The broken window was fixed.–The written report was submitted.总的来说,非谓语动词在句子中具有多种用法,能够起到不同的语法成分作用,灵活运用非谓语动词可以使句子更加简洁明了,提高语言表达的质量。
希望以上总结对理解和运用非谓语动词有所帮助。
非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)
非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)大家好,今天我们来聊聊非谓语动词的用法。
非谓语动词就是不直接跟在主语后面的动词,它们可以表示动作的状态、时间、原因、目的等等。
那么,非谓语动词有哪些用法呢?我们一起来看看吧!1. 动词不定式动词不定式是最常见的非谓语动词形式,它由“to”加上动词原形构成。
例如:I want to go home.(我想回家。
)She likes to read books.(她喜欢读书。
)They need to finish their homework.(他们需要完成作业。
)2. 动名词动名词是由动词加上“-ing”构成的名词,它可以表示动作的状态或者作为主语、宾语等。
例如:Swimming is my favorite sport.(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
)I enjoy reading books in my spare time.(我喜欢在业余时间看书。
)He suggested having a picnic in the park.(他建议在公园里野餐。
)3. 过去分词过去分词是由动词加上“-ed”构成的形容词,它可以表示动作的完成或者作为定语、状语等。
例如:The movie was interesting.(这部电影很有趣。
)He has finished his work.(他已经完成了工作。
)The broken vase should be thrown away.(那个打破的花瓶应该扔掉。
)4. 现在分词现在分词是由动词加上“-ing”构成的形容词,它可以表示动作正在进行或者作为定语、状语等。
例如:Walking in the park is good for your health.(在公园里散步对身体有好处。
)She is studying English at the moment.(她现在正在学英语。
)The running water sounds very soothing.(流水声听起来很舒缓。
非谓语动词例句解析
非谓语动词例句解析非谓语动词是英语语言中重要的一部分,它们能够表达诸多不同的意思,使句子更加生动、精彩,为英语表达带来更多可能性。
本文将来自现代英语中常见的非谓语动词例句做出解析,以作为学习英语的参考。
首先,非谓语动词可以分为三类:动词不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)、动词过去分词(done)。
动词不定式(to do)一般可以表示动作或行为的目的,使句子更具有目的性和目标性,如:He came here to find a job. 他来这里是找工作的。
I need to finish my homework on time.需要按时完成我的作业。
动名词(doing)表示正在发生的或正在进行的动作,如:He enjoys singing. 他喜欢唱歌。
She hates waiting.讨厌等待。
动词过去分词(done)可以表示一个已经完成的动作或行为,如: She has finished reading the book.已经读完了这本书。
He has done his homework. 他已经做完了作业。
除此之外,非谓语动词还可以用来构成一些特殊句式,如:Some people like going out for a walk. 一些人喜欢出去散步。
They enjoy watching movies. 他们喜欢看电影。
He likes playing chess. 他喜欢下棋。
这些句式表示的意思都是乐于做某件事的意思,可以表达一种积极的心态。
另外,非谓语动词也可以和其他一些短语一起组成一个短语,从而可以表达某种特殊的意思,如:He spent the whole day writing letters. 他花了整天时间写信。
She finished washing the dishes.洗完了碗。
They stopped talking. 他们停止了谈话。
这些短语表达的意思是把动作做完或停止的意思,而不仅仅是表示动作的发生。
非谓语动词的语法详解
非谓语动词的语法总结1. 英语句子呈「树」状辅排,即以主语与谓语动词搭配形成形式主轴,即句子的主干成分。
2. 然后利用各种关联词和介词等把句中的各种短语(介词短语,名词短语),附加成分(同位语,插入语),分词(现在分词分句,独立成分)和从句(定语从句,状语从句,同位语从句)往这根主干上钩搭。
犹如一棵枝叶横生的大树,盘根错节。
任何完整的一个英语句子,无论长短复杂,本质就是一棵树,它有且必有一个主干,即主语+谓语+(宾语)。
英语句子的树形结构说的通俗一点,如果把谓语动词比作老虎,那么英语句子就是【一山不容二虎】,绝对不允许两个(或更多)谓语动词同时存在。
这时候,问题就来了:如果表达的意思比较复杂,涉及到了多个动作(动词),那英语是不是就要用多个完整独立的句子来分别表达了?当然不需要,英语没有这么白痴。
谓语动词是老虎,一山不容二虎。
这时候如果句子中需要出现其它动词,这个动词必须被【降级】,才能和谓语动词同时存在。
通常来讲,有以下几种被降级的方式:降为非谓语动词形态(不定式,现在式,过去式)从句形态从属连词,例如because,although等(注意:这里不包括并列连词and,but和or。
)对应到第一个图,上面1,2,3种办法都让动词变成了树枝的形式,钩搭在【主谓宾】主干上。
比如2,定语从句和状语从句的关系连词(which,that,when,whatever等)都是降级的标志,其后的从句虽然拥有自己的主谓宾结构,但这个谓语已经被关系连词降级了,例如定语从句:The boy who is crying said this.定语从句我们学从句的时候被关系连词搞的晕头转向,不过从树形结构上来看,却很容易理解。
你可以把他们理解为一种降级标记:从句中的谓语动词被降级,以树枝的形式存在,关系连词是将树枝钩搭在主干上的钩子。
这时候如果漏了关系连词who,句子就会有两个谓语动词同时存在(said和is),违反了一个句子有且仅有一个谓语动词的规则,语法上句子就是错的。
非谓语动词用法总结大全
非谓语动词用法总结大全非谓语动词是历年的热点、难点和重点。
在学习非谓语动词时,好多同学感到剪不断,理还乱。
所以在复习中,特别有必要通过视察、比拟,归纳驾驭其用法,并总结其用法。
下面是学习啦我整理的非谓语动词用法总结大全,盼望对大家的英语学习有所协助。
最全面的非谓语动词用法总结1 .不定式和动名词作主语的区分(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示详细动作。
Smoking is prohibited(制止)here.这里制止抽烟。
(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。
(详细)(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件确定的事或经历。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很好玩。
(经历)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在顶峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
(经历)(3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.2 .不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区分(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示详细动作,特殊是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是马上起先干。
2)假如主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。
3)假如主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等为中心的名词,或以what 引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)
非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)一、非谓语动词的定义与分类在我们的日常生活和工作中,非谓语动词无处不在。
它们是指在句子中不作主语、宾语、表语或补足语等成分,但却对句子的意义起着重要作用的动词形式。
非谓语动词分为动词不定式、动名词和过去分词三种形式。
下面我们分别来了解一下这三种非谓语动词的特点和用法。
1.1 动词不定式动词不定式是非谓语动词中最常用的一种形式,它由“to+动词原形”构成,例如:to eat、to play、to study等。
动词不定式可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等成分。
下面我们通过一些例子来具体了解一下动词不定式的用法。
例1:我喜欢吃苹果。
在这个句子中,“吃苹果”是一个动作,而“喜欢”是对这个动作的态度,所以“吃苹果”用动词不定式“to eat apples”表示。
例2:我明天要去上学。
在这个句子中,“去上学”是一个动作,而“明天”表示时间,所以“去上学”用动词不定式“to go to school”表示。
1.2 动名词动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,它由动词原形加上-ing构成,例如:eating、playing、studying等。
动名词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等成分。
下面我们通过一些例子来具体了解一下动名词的用法。
例3:我喜欢吃水果。
在这个句子中,“吃水果”是一个动作,而“喜欢”是对这个动作的态度,所以“吃水果”用动名词“eating fruits”表示。
例4:她正在学习汉语。
在这个句子中,“学习汉语”是一个动作,而“正在”表示进行时态,所以“学习汉语”用动名词“studying Chinese”表示。
1.3 过去分词过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,它由动词原形加上-ed构成,例如:eaten、played、studied等。
过去分词可以作定语、表语和状语等成分。
下面我们通过一些例子来具体了解一下过去分词的用法。
例5:我喜欢吃的水果有苹果、香蕉和橙子。
在这个句子中,“吃的水果”是一个名词短语,而“喜欢的”表示这个名词短语的特征,所以“吃的水果”用过去分词形式的名词“eating fruits”表示。
非谓语动词用法归纳(语法
精心整理非谓语动词用法归纳/Youshouldtrytoavoidmakingmistakes. Thebookisworthreading.Thebookdeservesreading.(2)表进行Walkingonthegrassland,Isawasnake.=WhenIwaswalkingonthegr assland,Isawasnake.ThemanspeakingEnglishisTom.=ThemanwhoisspeakingEnglishis Tom.(3)表主动ThemanspeakingEnglishisTom=ThemanwhospeaksEnglishisTom.=ThemanwhospokeEnglishisTo m.Nobodydinksboilingwaterbutboiledwater.=Nobodydinkswatert hatisboilingbutthewaterthathasboiled.(4)表伴随IstandoutsidewaitingforMr.Chen. Ilieinbedreadinganovel.(5)表性质;特点((词Havingdonethework,Ihadashortrest.=AfterIhaddonethework,I hadashortrest.Havingdonethework,Iwentbackhome.Havingbeendone,theworkwascheckedbytheleaders.4.havingbeendone用于句首;有先后动作表完成有先后动作表完成,(有过去时间或过去动作)Iappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroad twoyearsago.(要求动词后)=IappreciatethatIwasgiventheopportunitytostudyabroadt woyearsago.Havingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago ,Istillappreciateyourhelpthen.=BecauseIwasgiventheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsa go,IstillappreciateyourhelpthenIappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroad twoyearsago.IenjoygivingtheopportunitytostudyabroadtoMr.Wang.Iappreciatebeinggiventheopportunitytostudyabroadnow.得请求注定能够碰巧long忽视计划/允许try想要始干。
常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结[推荐5篇]
常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结[推荐5篇]第一篇:常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结.固定用法(非谓语动词):以下是带to的动词不定式常见搭配1.希望做某事hope to do sth.2.决定做某事decide to do sth3.同意做某事agree to do sth.4.需要某人做某事need to do sth..5.使用某物做某事use sth to do sth6.计划做某事plan to do sth.It’s +adj.for/of sb.to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是……(当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of)例句: It is easy for me to learn it well.It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.★find/think/feel it +adj.to do sth.发现/认为/感到做某事是… 例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well.★序数词+to do 第…..个做某事例句:Who is the first to get there?★我不知/忘记了怎么办。
I didn't know/forgot what to do.★ 离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯例句:Don’t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法★ let sb.do sth让某人做某事★ make do sth使得某人做某事★ hear do sth do sth听见某人做某事why not 或why don’t you +动词原形?为什么不….?(表示建议)例:Why not/Why don’t you take a walk?★ 某人+had better(not)do 某人最好(不)做某事★ 情态动词can/may /must /should+ 动词原形(包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形)★ 助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即don’t/doesn’t /didn’t/will not/would not+ 动词原形★ be going to + 动词原形(表示“即将”“打算”15.动词+to(19)1)add to增添2)agree to同意3)attend to处理4)belong to属于5)devote to贡献给6)get to到达7)lead to导致,通向8)object to反对9)point to指向10)reply to答复做某事)第二篇:动词不定式用法小结动词不定式用法小结动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
语法专题之非谓语动词
语法专题之非谓语动词不定式、动名词和分词。
一、动词不定式的常考考点:1.不定式的结构:肯定to do否定not to do特殊疑问词+to do (what sb can do sth)Cathy doesn’t know where to go tomorrow=Cathy doesn’t know where she can go tomorrow.2.不定式的用法:(1)做主语To learn English is not easy for Chinese students .=It’s not easy for Chinese students to learn English.(2) 做表语The teacher’s job is to teach the students.(3)做宾语.常见的动词有:ask, decide, know, want, try, need等We like to fight for our future.(4)做宾补。
常见的有:ask /tell/order sb. to do sthask /tell/order sb. not to do sthThe teacher asks us not to speak in class .注意:make /let /have +sb+do.(必须省to )The boy often makes his little sister laugh.(5)做定语。
常见的有:have sth to do 有-----要做a good place /time to do sth 做----的好地方/时间the first/second /third to do sth 第一个/二个做----的---I have nothing to say.注意:不定式做定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,所以如果不定式是不及物动词,则要加上相对应的介词。
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非谓语动词语法(热门5篇)1.非谓语动词语法第1篇须用省去to 的不定式(do)作宾补的11个动词。
五看(see、watch、notice、observe、look at)两听(hear、listen to)三使(make、let、have)一感觉(feel)根据谐音记忆法,我们可以记做“吾看两厅三室一感觉”。
I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the house昨天,我看到一只大鸟飞过了屋顶。
注意:以上11个动词,也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补,但在时间和语态上会有变化,我们以see为例来区分一下。
see do 看到某人做了某事see doing 看到某人正在做某事see done 看到某人/某物被I see him make the phone 我看到他打了。
(他打的整个动作我都看见了)I see him making a phone 我看到他正在打。
(强调看到他正在打,并没有看见全过程.)We often see him surrounded by much 我们常常看见他被大量的工作包围着.只接不定式(不能接动名词)作宾语的25个常用动词want、would like、wish、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、afford、agree、arrange、ask、beg、care、choose、decide、demand、determine、expect、fear、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse只接动名词(不能接不定式)作宾语的28个常用动词practice、consider、enjoy、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、admit、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excuse、fancy、forbid、mention、 mind、miss、permit、prohibit既可接不定式也可接动名词,但含义完全不同的8个动词remember to do 记住要做某事(未做)remember doing 记得做过某事(已做)forget to do 忘记去做某事(未做)forget doing 忘记做过某事(已做)regret to do 遗憾要做某事(未做)regret doing 后悔/抱歉做过某事(已做)try to do 努力做某事try doing 尝试做某事mean to do 计划做某事mean doing 意味着做某事can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事go on to do 继续做另一件事go on doing 继续做同一件事stop to do 停下来去做另一件事stop doing 停下正在做的事情所有非谓语动词的完成形式都不能做定语,如to have done、to have been done、to have been doing、having done 和 having been done。
2.非谓语动词语法第2篇①基本形式:doing (表示主动)②被动式:being done(表示被动)③完成式:having done(表示主动和完成)④完成被动式:having been done(表示被动和完成)Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the 在未来,普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。
Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their Freddy和他的乐队到哪里都被他们的粉丝跟着。
I have no idea of his having done such a thing against 我不知道他做过这样一件违背你的事情。
Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that 很多顾客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少两过。
3.非谓语动词语法第3篇①基本形式:to do(表示主动,并且一般表示将来)②被动式:to be done(表示被动,并且一般表示将来)③进行式:to be doing (表示主动和进行)④完成时:to have done(表示主动和完成)⑤完成被动式:to have been done(表示被动和完成)⑥完成进行式:to have been doing (表示主动和完成进行)The teacher told us to do morning 老师让我们做早操。
The car to be bought is for his 要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。
She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the 老师进来时,她假装正在读书。
The thief is said to have 据说小偷已经逃跑了。
The thief is said to have been 据说小偷已经被抓住了。
She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 据说在过去的20年里,她一直在这家工厂工作。
4.非谓语动词语法第4篇一、动词不定式1、构成:动词不定式基本形式为: to+动词原形。
有些动词不定式不带to。
否定形式为:not (to)+动词原形。
2、功能及用法:(1)、用作主语多数情况用it作形式主语,把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末,特别是不定式短语较长时。
动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
如:For him, to talk with his mother is is necessary for him to talk with his(2)、用作表语动词不定式作表语,常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。
常可转换成主语。
如:The best way to improve your English is to join an English join an English club is the best way to improve your(3)、用作宾语★可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有:要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree),期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn),宁可拒绝假装知道(prefer, refuse, pretend, know),希望想要愿意(wish, want/need, would like / love)等。
如:We decided to talk to someHe prefers to eat white bread and★动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell…后可用“疑问词+to的不定式短语”作宾语,但why后面的不定式不带to。
如:Could you please tell me where to park my car?★动词feel, find, make, think等后面,可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语—动词不定式,句子结构是feel / find / make / …+ it+ / +to do…如:I find it difficult to remember★既可接动词不定式又可接v-ing形式作宾语,意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love等。
如:Then I started to watch English-languageI like to eat★后接动词不定式或v-ing形式作宾语,意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。
后接不定式作宾语,表动作尚未发生;后接ving形式作宾语,表动作已经发生。
stop to do停下来做另外一件事;stop doing停止做、不做当前这件事。
try to do尽力做,try doing试试看;go on to do接着做另外的事,go on doing继续做原来的事。
如:When I left home, I had forgotten to bring it withI stopped using them last(4)、用作定语★句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语,不定式与其所修饰的名词、代词等存在逻辑的动宾关系时,用动词不定式的主动式。
如:I have so much homework to doIt’s a good place to★作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,要在不定式后加适当的介词。
如:I need a room to live(5)、用作补语★在主、被动语态句里用带to的动词不定式作补语的动词主要有:要求允许提议(ask, allow, advise),期望邀请鼓励(expect, suppose, invite, encourage),教导告诉想要(teach, tell, want),等待希望愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。
如:She asked me not to speak Chinese in English★下列动词,多数动词是感官动词和使役动词,当动词不定式作补语时,在主动语态句里不带to,被动语态句里要将省略的to补上。
包括四“看”:look at, observe, see, watch,三“让”:have, let, make,二“听”:hear, listen to,一“感觉”:feel,一“注意”:notice。
如:This picture makes me feel tense! I was made to say sorry to★help后接动词不定式作补语,to可带可不带。
如:Using email English helps you write★be said, be sure, happen, seem等后面可以接带to的动词不定式作主语的补语。
如:He doesn’t seem to have manyBe sure not to miss them if they come to a city near(6)、用作状语,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。