高级笔译第八章作业

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专业英语-专业八级翻译分类题练习八.doc

专业八级翻译分类题练习八SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the underlined part of the following text into English.1、传道者感叹到： ''著书立说没有止境"，却没发觉他已高度评价了作家这一职业。

的确，写作、旅行、积聚财富都是没有终结的。

一个问题引发另外一个问题。

我们不断学习，且永远达不到心中所渴望的那般学识渊博。

我们永远雕刻不出自己心仪的塑像。

当发现一个新大陆，或翻过一座山脉时，我们总会看到远方还有未曾涉足的海洋与陆地。

宇宙浩渺，总会有供我们勤奋努力的东西，总会有供我们探索的空间。

它不像卡莱尔的著作，可以读完。

即使在其一角，在一个私人花园，或一个农庄附近，四季轮回，天气瞬息万变，哪怕在那里生活了一辈子，也总会有让我们惊喜的事情。

2、讲英语的人听到别人赞扬，一般说''谢谢"，表示接受，说明自己认为对方的赞扬是诚心诚意的，所赞扬的事是值得赞扬的。

因此不应''假装自卑"或''故作谦虚"。

但是，对于中国人来说，听到别人赞扬时，通常要表示受之有愧，做得很不够；或者说自己的成就不过是由于侥幸，或者说是客观条件造成的，等等，而接受赞扬则意味着有骄傲自满情绪或''缺乏教养"。

因此，上述两种回答引起不同反应是由于双方语言习惯不同。

他们都根据各自的风俗去理解别人所说的话。

3、''孔子曰：三人行，则必有我师。

是故弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子。

闻道有先后，术业有专攻，如是而已。

"韩愈的原意，是因为自己接受了门徒，为抵制当时舆论的非议，所以写这篇文章自解。

他的意思是说，自己虽然是作了先生，并不一定样样贤于弟子，从他学的人也不一定不如他，人们不必因此而大惊小怪。

本来，只要是一个人闻道在先，不管他是什么人，都可以拜他为师。

英语笔译实务 3级配套训练第八单元汉译英(一)新型工业化

笔译实务3级配套训练第七单元汉译英（一）英语笔译实务3级配套训练第八单元汉译英（一）新型工业化我们要推进产业结构优化升级，坚持走新型工业化道路。

依靠科技进步，围绕提高自主创新能力，推动产业结构调整。

加快开发对经济增长有重大带动作用的高新技术，以及能够推动传统产业升级的共性技术和关键技术。

抓紧制定若干重大领域关键技术创新的目标和措施，务求尽快取得新突破。

完善鼓励创新的体制和政策体系。

坚持引进先进技术和消化吸收创新相结合，增强自主开发能力。

大力发展高新技术产业，积极推进国民经济和社会信息化。

加快用高新技术改造提升传统产业。

以重大工程为依托，推动装备制造业振兴。

在专门项目指导下，继续加强能源、重要原材料等基础产业和水利、交通、通信等基础设施建设。

积极发展现代配送、旅游、社区服务等第三产业。

既要加快发展资金技术密集型产业，又要继续发展劳动密集型产业。

课文词汇产业结构industrial structure优化升级optimize and upgrade自主创新independent innovation共性技术broadly applicable technologies1 / 3Unit 8 汉译英（一）新型工业化信息化apply more information to; informize装备制造业the equipment-manufacturing industry配送distribution (services)第三产业tertiary industries资金技术密集型capital-and technology-intensive industries劳动密集型产业labor-intensive industries参考译文The New Road of IndustrializationWe must optimize and upgrade the industrial structure and stay on / adhere to the new road of industrialization. We will promote/spur/stimulate industrial restructuring by relying on (through) scientific and technological advances and focusing on becoming better able to make (developing the ability for) independent innovations. We will accelerate / quicken / expedite development of new and high technologies that can greatly stimulate/boost economic growth as well as broadly applicable and key technologies that can propel the upgrading of (upgrade) traditional industries. We will promptly formulate innovation targets and measures for achieving them in key technologies in a number of important fields and make breakthroughs as quickly as possible. We will improve the systems and politics that笔译实务3级配套训练第七单元汉译英（一）encourage innovation. We will continue to introduce advanced technologies, assimilate them, and make innovations in them, while concentrating on enhancing our own development capacity. We will energetically develop new and high technology industries and integrate information technology into the national economy and society. We will accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries through new and high technologies. We will revitalize / rehabilitate / invigorate the equipment -manufacturing industry, focusing on major projects. Guided by plans for specific projects, we will continue strengthening basic industries like the energy industry and important raw materials industries as well as infrastructure development in water conservancy, transport and communications. We will vigorously develop tertiary industries such as modern distribution services, tourism and community services. We need to accelerate the development of capital-and technology-intensive industries and continue to develop labor-intensive industries.3 / 3。

笔译天天练[第8篇]

笔译天天练[第8篇]原文：Thus I reflected and these views seem to have been confirmed by the inconsistencies of the Head Juries. For instance, all glassware items(drinking glasses, mirrors, chandeliers, vases, glass weavings, and glass periwigs) fell into one category because of their common material, although their motives were very different, while other objects related in motive were grouped according to their different materials. Many private exhibitors actually provided very instructive technological surveys of their industries that corresponded more to my views.参考答案：因此，我进行了反思，并且这种方式看起来好象已经被“首席评审委员会原则”中包含的矛盾所证实。

例如，所有的玻璃器皿（酒杯、镜子、吊灯、花瓶、玻璃织物、玻璃假发）由于使用了同样的材质而被归为一类，尽管他们的用途大相径庭。

而其他具有同样用途的物品却根据其不同的材质被归为一类。

事实上，许多私人展览为其所在行业的展品分类提供了很好的科学方法，这些方法更符合我的观点。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------这一期的讨论主要集中在两点：1、对while other objects related in motive were grouped according to their different materials这一句的理解，我想同学们的意思都能看明白，但就是不知道该怎么用词，我也是一样。

高级英语考试翻译练习

高级英语考试翻译练习第一篇：高级英语考试翻译练习由于缺少资金，整个计划失败了。

The whole plan fell through for want of fund牛顿被公认为是世界上最杰出的科学家之一。

Newtonis acknowledged as one of the world’s most eminent scientists他对生产成本的估算准确无误。

He calculates the cost of production with invariable accuracy 公司发言人的不负责任讲话收到了严厉指责。

The spokesman of the corporation was berated for his irresponsible words这名商业银行的年轻职员看出那张十英镑的假币。

The young clerk from the commercial bank spotted the counterfeit ten-pound note这个精干的经理立刻行动了起来。

The efficient manager acted promptly请把候补名单上她的名字换成你的名字。

Please substitute her name for yours on the waiting list她觉得她在当地综合医院任实习医师是一段宝贵的经历。

She found that her internship in the local general hospital was a rewarding experience富兰克林在他的自传里力劝读者要勤俭。

Franklin exhorted readers to be diligent and thrifty in his Autobiography谁能证实这签名无讹？Who can attest to the genuineness of the signature人们给他起了个小家伙的绰号，因为就他年龄而言，他看上去长得很小。

英语翻译高级口译-笔记题(八)

英语翻译高级口译-笔记题(八)(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Note-taking and Gap-Filling{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、{{B}}A{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：50.00)Lackner, a {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}energy expert at Columbia University, has designed an {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}tree that soaks up carbon dioxide from the air using "leaves" 1,000 times more efficient than true leaves. He explains: The leaves are {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}in a resin that contains sodium carbonate, which pulls carbon dioxide out of the air and stores it as a bicarbonate on the leaves. To remove the carbon dioxide, the leaves are {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}in water {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}and can dry naturally in the wind, soaking up more carbon dioxide. He {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}that our total {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}could be removed with 100 million trees. The removed carbon dioxide can be {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}and stored; however, there isn't enough space to store it. But {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}are coming up with {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}, for example, peridotite, which is a great {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}of carbon dioxide. Another {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}could be the basalt rock {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}, which contain {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}gas bubbles. {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}}{{/U}}carbon dioxide into these bubbles causes it to form {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}limestone. However, Lackner thinks the gas is very useful and it can be used to make {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}fuels for transport {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}. We have the technology to suck carbon dioxide out of the air, and keep it out, but whether it is economically {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}is a different question. We have to decide whether the cost of the technology is socially and economically {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}the price.Lackner, a {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}energy expert at Columbia University, has designed an {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}tree that soaks up carbon dioxide from the air using "leaves" 1,000 times more efficient than true leaves. He explains: The leaves are {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}in a resin that contains sodium carbonate, which pulls carbon dioxide out of the air and stores it as a bicarbonate on the leaves. To remove the carbon dioxide, the leaves are {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}in water {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}and can dry naturally in the wind, soaking up more carbon dioxide.He {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}that our total {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}could be removed with 100 million trees. The removed carbon dioxide can be {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}and stored; however, there isn't enough space to store it. But {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}are coming up with {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}, for example, peridotite, which is a great {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}of carbon dioxide. Another {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}could be the basalt rock {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}, which contain {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}gas bubbles. {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}}{{/U}}carbon dioxide into these bubbles causes it to form {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}limestone. However, Lackner thinks the gas is very useful and it can be used to make {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}fuels for transport {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}. We have the technology to suck carbon dioxide out of the air, and keep it out, but whether it is economically {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}is a different question. We have to decide whether the cost of the technology is socially and economically {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}the price.（分数：50.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：sustainable）解析：[听力原文] Klaus Lackner, director of the Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy at Columbia University, has come up with a technique that he thinks could solve the problem of carbon dioxide emissions. He has designed an artificial tree that passively soaks up carbon dioxide from the air using "leaves" that are 1,000 times more efficient than true leaves that use photosynthesis. "We don't need to expose the leaves to sunlight for photosynthesis like a real tree does," he explains. "So our leaves can be much more closely spaced and overlapped, even configured in a honeycomb formation to make them more efficient." The leaves look like sheets of papery plastic and are coated in a resin that contains sodium carbonate, which pulls carbon dioxide out of the air and stores it as a bicarbonate (baking soda) on the leaf. To remove the carbon dioxide, the leaves are rinsed in water vapor and can dry naturally in the wind, soaking up more carbon dioxide. He calculates that his tree can remove one ton of carbon dioxide a day. Ten million of these trees could remove 3.6 billion tons of carbon dioxide a year, equivalent to about 10% of our global annual carbon dioxide emissions. Our total emissions could be removed with 100 million trees, whereas we would need 1,000 times that in real trees to have the same effect. If the trees were mass-produced they would each initially cost around $20,000, just below the price of the average family car in the United States. And each would fit on a truck to be positioned at sites around the world. The great thing about the atmosphere is it's a good mixer, so carbon dioxide produced in an American city can be removed in Oman. The carbon dioxide from the process can be cooled and stored; however, many scientists are concerned that even if we did remove all our carbon dioxide, there isn't enough space to store it securely in saline aquifers or oil wells. But geologists are coming up with alternatives. For example, peridotite, which is a mixture of serpentine and olivine rock, is a great sucker of carbon dioxide, sealing the absorbed gas as stable magnesium carbonate mineral. In Oman alone, there is a mountain that contains some 30,000 cubic km of peridotite. Another option could be the basalt rock cliffs, which contain holes, solidified gas bubbles from the basalt's formation from volcanic lava flows millions of years ago. Pumping carbon dioxide into these ancient bubbles causes it to react to form stable limestone—calcium carbonate.These carbon dioxide absorption processes occur naturally, but on geological timescales. To speed up the reaction, scientists are experimenting with dissolving the gas in water first and then injecting it into the rocks under high pressures. However, Lackner thinks the gas is too useful to petrify. His idea is to use the carbon dioxide to make liquid fuels for transport vehicles. Carbon dioxide can react with water to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen—a combination known as syngas because it can be readily turned into hydrocarbon fuels such as methanol or diesel. The process requires an energy input, but this could be provided by renewable sources, such as wind energy. We have the technology to suck carbon dioxide out of the air, and keep it out, but whether it is economically viable is a different question. These trees would do the job for around $200 per ton of removed carbon dioxide, dropping to $30 a ton as the project is scaled up. At that price, which has been criticized as wildly optimistic, it starts to make economic sense for oil companies who would pay in the region of $100 per ton to use the gas in enhanced oil recovery. Ultimately, we have to decide whether the cost of the technology is socially worth the price, and that social price is likely to fall as climate change brings its own mounting costs. Economically too, if the price of carbon rises, then this could lead to two effects. Investing in air capture will likely be seen as an equivalent to "avoided emissions". And then it will become a worthy investment.填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：artificial）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：coated）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：rinsed）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：vapor）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：calculates）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：emissions）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：cooled）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：geologists）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：alternatives）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：sucker）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：option）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：cliffs）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：solidified）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Pumping）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：stable）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：liquid）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：vehicles）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：viable）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：worth）解析：三、{{B}}B{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：50.00)Today, I want to discuss underground water. We wouldn't like to take out more than naturally comes into it. The {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}is that if you only take as much out as comes in, you're not going to {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}the amount of water that stores {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}there. Right? Wrong. That's the {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}called safe yield. We can {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}as much water out as naturally flows back in. And the recharge {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}}{{/U}}doesn't change. So the {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}is we've reduced the amount of water that stores in the underground system. If you keep doing that long, if you {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}as much water out as naturally comes in, {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}the underground water level will {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In the underground systems there are natural discharge points. Well, a drop of water {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}can mean those discharge points will {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}dry up. Sustainability and safe yield are {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}, because what sustainability means is that it's sustainable for all systems that {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}on the water, for the people who use it, and for {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}water to the {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}, like some streams. So, if we are using a safe yield {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}, we're only {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}what we take out with what gets recharged, but don't forget water also flows out. Then the underground amount gradually gets reduced and that is going to lead to another problem, the {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}and streams are going to {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}up.Today, I want to discuss underground water. We wouldn't like to take out more than naturally comes into it. The {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}is that if you only take as much out as comes in, you're not going to {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}the amount of water that stores {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}there. Right? Wrong. That's the {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}called safe yield. We can {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}as much water out as naturally flows back in. And the recharge {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}}{{/U}}doesn't change. So the {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}is we've reduced the amount of water that stores in the underground system. If you keep doing that long, if you {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}as much water out as naturally comes in, {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}the underground water level will {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In the underground systems there are natural discharge points. Well, a drop of water {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}can mean those discharge points will {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}dry up. Sustainability and safe yield are {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}, because what sustainability means is that it's sustainable for all systems that {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}on the water, for the people who use it, and for {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}water to the {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}, like some streams. So, if we are using a safe yield {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}, we're only {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}what we take out with what gets recharged, but don't forget water also flows out. Then the underground amount gradually gets reduced and that is going to lead to another problem, the {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}and streams are going to {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}up.（分数：50.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：implication）解析：[听力原文] Last week we discussed some key terms widely used in dealing with environmental protection. I'm sure they are still fresh in your mind. Right? So in today's environmental science class, I want to discuss a few other terms here, actually some ideas about how we manage our resources. Let's talk about what that means. If we take resources like water, now maybe we should get a little bit more specific here, back from more general cases and talk about underground water in particular. So hydro geologists have tried to figure out how much water can we take out from underground sources. That has been an important question. Let me ask you guys, how much water, based on what you know so far, could you take out of, say, an aquifer under the city. As much as what gets recharged? OK. So we wouldn't like to take out more than naturally comes into it. The implication is that, well, if you only take as much out as comes in, you're not going to deplete the amount of water that stores in there. Right? Wrong. But that's the principle. That's the idea behind how we manage our water supplies. It's called safe yield. Basically what this message says is that you can pump as much water out of the system as naturally recharges, as naturally flows back in. So this principle of safe yield is based on balancing what we take out with what gets recharged. But what it does is it ignores how much water naturally comes out of the system. In a natural system a certain amount of recharge comes in and a certain amount of water naturally flows out through springs, streams and lakes, and over the long term the amount that's stored in the aquifer doesn't really change much. It's balanced. Now humans come in and start taking water out of the system. How have we changed the equation? It's not balanced any more? Right. We take water out but water also naturally flows out. And the recharge rate doesn't change. So the result is we've reduced the amount of water that stores in the underground system. If you keep doing that long enough, if you pump as much water out as naturally comes in, gradually the underground water level will drop. And when that happens, they can't fix service water. How? Well, in underground systems there are natural discharge points, places where the water flows out from the underground systems, out of lakes and streams. Well, a drop of water level can mean thosedischarge points will eventually dry up, and that means water's not getting to lakes and streams that depend on it. So we end up reducing the surface water supply, too. You know, in the state of Arizona, we're managing some major water supplies with the principle of safe yield and under this method they will eventually dry up the natural discharge points of those aquifer systems. Now, why is this issue? Well, aren't some of you going to want to live in the state for a while? Won't your kids grow up here, and your kids' kids? You may be concerned with "Does Arizona have water supply which is sustainable?" Key word here. What does "sustainable" mean? The general definition of "sustainable" is whether it is enough to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future to have the availability to have the same resources. Now, I hope you see these two ideas are incompatible: sustainability and safe yield. Because what sustainability means is that it's sustainable for all systems that depend on the water, for the people who use it, and for supplying water to the dependent, like some streams. So I'm going to repeat this. So, if we are using a safe yield method, we're only balancing what we take out with what gets recharged, but don't forget, water also flows out naturally. Then the amount stored underground gradually gets reduced, and that is going to lead to another problem: the lakes and streams are going to dry up. OK?填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：deplete）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：in）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：principle）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：take）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：rate）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：result）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：pump）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：gradually）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：drop）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：level）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：eventually）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：incompatible）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：depend）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：supplying）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：dependent）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：method）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：balancing）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：lakes）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：dry）解析：。

2020年英语高级翻译资格考试笔译试题及答案

2020年英语高级翻译资格考试笔译试题及答案The effect of governmental expenditures on the total economy varies with both the level of utilization of laborand capital in the economy at the time of the expenditure,and the segment of the economy which receives the expenditure. If the economy as a whole or the segment of the economy which is the focus of the expenditure is operating at capacity or close to capacity, then the expenditure’s major effects will tend to be inflationary, and will not generate much employment of capital and labor. If the economy or sector is operating at much less than full employment, the expenditure will produce a genuine (non-inflationary) rise in the GNP.A true measure of the effect of governmental increase in the amount of money made available, then, is not the simple dollar value of the initial injection but the cumulativeeffect of this injection through spending and re-spending. In the optimum case the initial expansion of income flow couldbe great enough to produce tax revenues in excess of the original "deficit spending" or the "tax cut", so thatdeficits are not only smaller than the increased GNP but are recouped. In Keynesian economics the fundamental point of government policy clearly is not budget-balancing butspending in the event of unused productive capacity and unemployment. Spending increases productivity. Thisproductivity resulting from federal spending has overwhelmed the older economic myths of the balanced budget where government is conceived of as just another business firm.参考译文：政府支出对于整个经济的影响作用，受到以下两个因素的制约。

《高级商务笔译》课后练习参考译文

商务笔译课后练习参考译文第1 章提升翻译能力的对策IV.句子翻译1.在21 世纪，商业环境极具竞争性，不断改进已经不再是一种选择，而是一种必要。

任何规模的机构都可以带来变化的一个领域就是人力资源的利用。

人是公司最大的财富。

2.改变过时的结构、打破陈旧的观念有利于企业吸引、激励、留任那些有远见、技能和决心去与时俱进的员工。

3.外部激励（如巨额奖金）可能会适得其反，因为这种奖金会滋生个人贪欲而非企业道德，助长竞争而非协同工作。

相比之下，内部激励则更持久，能引导员工去关注工作而非报酬。

4.领导艺术的精髓就是促使下属不断尽力而为，帮助他们最大限度地发掘潜力，激励他们为共同利益而努力。

5.如果领导者对机构内各级人员的工作、能力、希望与要求都给予尊重，他也会得到别人的尊重。

6.帮助员工学习新技能、在机构内部轮换岗位都可以作为内部激励的方式，也可以留住那些本想去别处寻找新挑战的员工。

7.亚伯拉罕•马斯洛提出的人类动机理论已广为人知。

在这一理论中，马斯洛将人类的需要分为五个按固定顺序逐级而上的层次。

人们只有在基础需求得到充分满足之后，才会努力满足更高的需求。

著名的马斯洛需求层次理论由以下五个方面构成：（1）生理需求，（2）安全需求，（3）爱与隶属需求，（4）尊严需求，（5）自我实现需求。

8.现代生活的负担加上工作的高要求会导致人们情绪失衡，即通称的压力。

但并非所有的压力都有害无益。

活着就意味着应对实现追求的压力和迎接挑战的兴奋。

其实，已有证据表明人需要适量的刺激，而单调乏味的工作和超负荷工作会带来同样的问题。

我们通常所说的压力指的是过大的压力。

9.出色的管理在于最大程度地提升绩效以实现特定的机构目标。

虽然许多管理者都非常明确他们的目标，也了解员工的不足之处，然而当涉及到如何改善员工行为以取得预期绩效这类问题时，这些管理者却往往手足无措。

10.从根本上讲, 工作满意感是一种源于对自己工作体验评价的积极情感。

如果人们对工作的期望无法实现，就会对工作产生不满。

高级英语unit8词汇,翻译,课后习题

Unit 8 An Interactive Lifecathedral ( n.) :any large，imposing church主教座堂，主教大堂；大教堂peak ( n.) :the highest or utmost point of anything；height；maximum最高点，顶点；最高值lucid (adj.) :clear to the mind；readily understood易懂的；明白的ulterior (adj.) :beyond what is exprssed，implied，or evident；undisclosed隐蔽的；秘而不宣的prosecution ( n.) :act of prosecuting彻底进行；执行；实行infuse ( v．) :．put(quality，idea，etc．)into，as if by pouring；instill；impart逐渐灌输(思想品德等)；把…传授给protestant (adj.) :of any of the Christian churches as a result of the Reformation新教(徒)的；基督教(徒)的obsess (v．) :haunt or trouble in mind，esp. to an abnormal degree；preoccupy deeply 使分心；使心神困扰(尤指精神反常，着迷)subdue ( v．) :bring into subjection；conquer；vanquish使屈服，征服asceticism ( n.) :the practice or way of life of an ascetic苦行(主义)；禁欲(主义) succinct ( adj.) :clearly and briefly stated；terse简明的；简短的stultify (v．) :make seem foolish，stupid，inconsistent，etc．；make absurd or ridiculous 使显得愚蠢(可笑)devoid (adj.) :completely not having；empty or destitute完全没有的；无(或缺乏的) premium ( n.) :a reward or prize，esp. one offered free or at a special。

高级笔译第八章作业

高级笔译第八章作业：文学原著翻译/英译汉：（1）And what a view it was! Or rather, what a succession of views. For it was different every day; and without stirring from the house one had the impression of an incessant change of scene: all the delights of travel without its fatigues. There were autumn days when all the valleys were filled with mist and the crests of Apennines rose darkly out of a flat white lake. There were days when the mist invaded even our hilltop and we were enveloped in a soft vapor in which the mist-colored olive trees, that sloped away below our windows towards the valley, disappeared as though into their own spiritual essence; and the only firm and definite things in the small, dim world within which we found ourselves confined were the two tall black cypresses growing on a little projecting terrace a hundred feet down the hill. Black, sharp, and solid, they stood there, twin pillars of Hercules at the extremity of the known universe; and beyond them there was only pale cloud and round them only the cloudy olive trees.（2）One of the pleasantest things in the world is going a journey; but I like to go by myself. I can enjoy society in a room; but out of doors, Nature is company enough for me. I am then never less alone than when alone."The fields his study, Nature was his book."I cannot see the wit of walking and talking at the same time. When I am in the country I wish to vegetate like the country. I am not for criticizing hedgerows and black cattle. I go out of town in order to forget the town and all that is in it. There are those who for this purpose go to watering-places, and carry the metropolis with them. I like more elbow-room and fewer encumbrances. I like solitude, when I give myself up to it for the sake of solitude; nor do I ask for a friend in my retreat,Whom I may whisper solitude is sweet.The soul of a journey is liberty, perfect liberty, to think, feel, do, just as one pleases. We go a journey chiefly to be free of all impediments and of all inconveniences; to leave ourselves behind much more than to get rid of others. It is because I want a little breathing-space to muse on indifferent matters, where ContemplationMay plume her feathers and let grow her wings,That in the various bustle of resortWere all too ruffled, and sometimes impair'd,That I absent myself from the town for a while, without feeling at a loss the moment I am left by myself.1。

英语专八高级翻译试题训练

英语专八高级翻译试题训练2018年英语专八高级翻译试题训练当你还不能对自己说今天学到了什么东西时，你就不要去睡觉。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2018年英语专八高级翻译试题训练，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!part 1有一种人我最不喜欢和他下棋，那便是太有涵养的人。

杀死他一大块，或是抽了他一个车，他神色自若，不动火，不生气，好像是无关痛痒，使得你觉得索然寡味。

君子无所争，下棋却是要争的。

当你给对方一个严重威胁的时候，对方的头上青筋暴露，黄豆般的汗珠一颗颗地在额上陈列出来，或哭丧着脸作惨笑，或咕嘟着嘴作吃屎状，或抓耳挠腮，或大叫一声，或长吁短叹，或自怨自艾口中念念有词，或一串串的噎嗝打个不休，或红头涨脸如关公，种种现象，不一而足，这时节你“行有余力”便可以点起一支烟，或啜一碗茶，静静地欣赏对方的苦闷的象征。

我想猎人困逐一只野兔的时候，其愉快大概略相仿佛。

因此我悟出一点道理，和人下棋的时候，如果有机会使对方受窘，当然无所不用其极，如果被对方所窘，便努力作出不介意状，因为既不能积极地给对方以烦恼，只好消极地减少对方的乐趣。

背景介绍《下棋》是梁实秋散文中较有代表性的一篇，其显著特点之一，就是细致入微地写出了下棋、观棋和悟棋的独到而深刻的'感受。

下棋的最大乐趣在于自己局势有利时，静静地欣赏对方痛苦不堪的种种窘态。

梁实秋先生一口气用了八个“或”字，把对方的窘态绘声绘色、惟妙惟肖地列举出来，使人如临其境，如闻其声。

而在自己处于下风时，也应不动声色，减少对方的乐趣。

难点解析1. 君子无所争：“君子”即“gentleman”，“争”即“竞争”(contest )，下棋也算是两人间的比赛，所以这里选用“contest”。

全句译为“A real gentleman seldom contests withothers.”。

2. “下棋却是要争的”：这里的“争”也有“竞争”的意思，但更含有一种想赢的心态，因此译为“do sb. down”，有“胜过某人”的意思。

【外语课件】笔译(电子教案)

【外语课件】笔译（电子教案）第一章：笔译概述1.1 笔译的定义与特点解释笔译的概念分析笔译与其他翻译形式的区别强调笔译的重要性和应用范围1.2 笔译的历史与发展介绍笔译的起源和发展过程分析重要历史事件对笔译的影响探讨现代科技对笔译的推动作用1.3 笔译的类型与功能区分不同类型的笔译（如文学翻译、商务翻译、科技翻译等）阐述各类型笔译的特点和应用场景探讨笔译在不同文化背景下的功能和作用第二章：笔译基本原则与策略2.1 笔译基本原则介绍忠实原则、达意原则、等效原则等分析这些原则在实际笔译中的应用和重要性2.2 笔译策略与技巧介绍直译、意译、归化、异化等翻译策略探讨这些策略在不同翻译场景中的运用和效果分析常见的笔译技巧（如词义选择、语义转换、修辞处理等）2.3 笔译过程中的注意事项强调语言准确性、文化适应性、保持原文风格等方面的注意事项探讨如何处理翻译中的模糊、双关、幽默等特殊问题分析解决翻译中可能遇到的困难和挑战的方法第三章：笔译实践与案例分析3.1 文学笔译实践选取文学作品的片段进行笔译练习分析文学翻译中的特殊问题和挑战讨论文学翻译中的艺术性和创造性3.2 商务笔译实践提供商务文本的笔译案例分析商务翻译中的专业术语、商业礼仪等方面的注意事项探讨商务翻译在跨文化交际中的作用和影响3.3 科技笔译实践选取科技文章的片段进行笔译练习分析科技翻译中的专业术语、技术描述等方面的特点探讨科技翻译在传播知识和信息中的重要性第四章：笔译质量评估与标准4.1 笔译质量评估的方法与指标介绍主观评估和客观评估等评估方法分析语言准确性、表达流畅性、文化适应性等评估指标4.2 笔译质量的标准与要求探讨笔译质量的高低标准分析不同类型笔译的质量要求和文化差异强调笔译中的常见错误和避免方法4.3 提高笔译质量的途径与建议介绍提高笔译质量的方法和技巧分析翻译实践、翻译批评、继续教育等方面的重要性提供实用的笔译建议和技巧第五章：笔译与跨文化交际5.1 笔译与跨文化交流的关系强调笔译在跨文化交流中的作用和重要性分析笔译在促进不同文化相互理解和交流中的贡献5.2 跨文化因素对笔译的影响探讨文化差异、语言障碍、思维方式等跨文化因素对笔译的影响分析这些因素在笔译过程中的应对策略和方法5.3 笔译中的跨文化适应与调整介绍如何在笔译中适应不同文化的特点和需求探讨笔译中的文化转换、文化注释、文化适应等技巧分析成功的跨文化笔译案例和经验第六章：笔译与语言学习6.1 笔译与外语学习的关系探讨笔译对外语学习的影响和贡献分析通过笔译实践提高外语水平的方法和技巧6.2 笔译在语言教学中的应用介绍笔译在外语教学中的作用和重要性分析如何将笔译练习融入外语教学课程探讨笔译教学对学生语言技能发展的影响6.3 提高笔译能力的语言学习策略强调词汇、语法、语篇等语言知识在笔译中的重要性介绍听力、口语、阅读、写作等语言技能在笔译中的应用分析通过语言学习提高笔译能力的方法和技巧第七章：笔译与职业发展7.1 笔译行业的现状与趋势分析笔译行业的就业前景和发展趋势探讨数字化、全球化等对笔译行业的影响7.2 笔译职业技能与素养介绍笔译人员的职业要求和技能素养分析笔译人员的专业知识、语言能力、翻译技巧等方面的要求7.3 笔译职业发展与规划探讨笔译人员的职业发展路径和机会分析如何进行职业规划以提升笔译人员的职业竞争力第八章：笔译与翻译研究8.1 笔译研究的重要性与意义强调笔译研究对翻译理论与实践的贡献探讨笔译研究对翻译教育和培训的影响8.2 笔译研究的方法与框架介绍翻译研究的方法和框架分析如何运用这些方法和框架进行笔译研究8.3 笔译研究的现状与趋势探讨当前笔译研究的主题和热点分析未来笔译研究的发展趋势和方向第九章：笔译与翻译技术9.1 翻译技术在笔译中的应用介绍计算机辅助翻译（CAT）、机器翻译（MT）、云翻译等翻译技术分析这些技术在笔译过程中的作用和优势9.2 翻译软件与工具的使用介绍常用的翻译软件和工具（如SDL Trados、MemoQ、DeepL等）分析如何有效地使用这些软件和工具提高笔译效率9.3 翻译技术的局限性与挑战探讨翻译技术在笔译中的局限性和挑战分析如何应对这些局限性和挑战，提高笔译质量第十章：笔译案例分析与实践10.1 笔译案例分析提供具有代表性的笔译案例分析这些案例中的翻译策略、技巧和难点10.2 笔译实践与反馈安排学生进行笔译实践提供反馈和建议，帮助学生提高笔译能力10.3 笔译案例库的构建与运用介绍如何构建笔译案例库分析如何运用案例库进行笔译教学与实践第十一章：笔译与版权问题11.1 笔译与版权法律的关系介绍版权法律的基本概念和原则分析版权法律对笔译活动的影响和限制11.2 笔译中的版权问题与案例探讨笔译中常见的版权问题（如授权、侵权、改编等）分析具体的版权案例，解释其法律依据和处理结果11.3 笔译人员与版权保护强调笔译人员在版权保护中的责任和义务介绍如何避免版权侵权行为，保护自己的翻译作品第十二章：笔译与全球化12.1 全球化背景下的笔译活动分析全球化对笔译活动的影响和挑战探讨笔译在全球化进程中扮演的角色12.2 跨文化笔译与全球化强调跨文化笔译在全球化中的重要性探讨如何通过笔译促进跨文化交流与理解12.3 全球化与笔译产业发展分析全球化对笔译产业的影响和推动作用探讨数字化、网络化等趋势对笔译产业的影响和发展机会第十三章：笔译与翻译批评13.1 翻译批评的定义与功能解释翻译批评的概念和目的强调翻译批评对提高笔译质量和翻译研究的重要性13.2 翻译批评的理论与方法介绍翻译批评的主要理论和方法分析如何运用这些理论和方法进行有效的翻译批评13.3 翻译批评的实践与案例分析提供具体的翻译批评案例分析这些案例中的评价标准、观点和结论第十四章：笔译与翻译伦理14.1 翻译伦理的基本原则与内容介绍翻译伦理的基本原则和价值观强调翻译人员在笔译活动中应遵循的道德规范14.2 笔译中的伦理问题与案例探讨笔译中常见的伦理问题（如忠实原意、尊重原作者、保护客户隐私等）分析具体的伦理案例，解释其道德依据和处理结果14.3 翻译伦理在笔译教学与实践中的应用强调翻译伦理在笔译教学和实践中的重要性介绍如何培养和强化翻译人员的伦理意识和责任感第十五章：笔译与未来挑战15.1 未来社会与笔译的挑战分析未来社会发展趋势对笔译活动的挑战和影响探讨数字化、自动化、等因素对笔译的影响和改变15.2 笔译教育的未来方向强调笔译教育在应对未来挑战中的作用和重要性探讨如何调整和改进笔译教育，以适应未来的需求和发展15.3 笔译人员的未来素养与职业发展强调笔译人员在未来所需的素养和技能分析笔译人员的职业发展趋势和机会，提供相应的建议和指导重点和难点解析本文主要介绍了笔译的概念、历史、原则、策略、实践、质量评估、跨文化交际、语言学习、职业发展、翻译研究、翻译技术、版权问题、全球化、翻译批评、翻译伦理和未来挑战等方面的内容。

高级笔译第八章作业

高级笔译第八章作业：文学原著翻译/1. 英译汉：And what a view it was! Or rather, what a succession of views. For it was different every day; and without stirring from the house one had the impression of an incessant change of scene: all the delights of travel without its fatigues. There were autumn days when all the valleys were filled with mist and the crests of Apennines rose darkly out of a flat white lake. There were days when the mist invaded even our hilltop and we were enveloped in a soft vapor in which the mist-colored olive trees, that sloped away below our windows towards the valley, disappeared as though into their own spiritual essence; and the only firm and definite things in the small, dim world within which we found ourselves confined were the two tall black cypresses growing on a little projecting terrace a hundred feet down the hill. Black, sharp, and solid, they stood there, twin pillars of Hercules at the extremity of the known universe; and beyond them there was only pale cloud and round them only the cloudy olive trees.多美的风景啊！或者说，多壮观的风景线啊！每一天都是不同的。

口译G8s

What is virtue?
Virtue is the basis of dignity(尊严的基础). Virtue is the source of esteem(尊敬的源泉). Virtue is honesty and diligence(诚实与勤奋). Virtue is modesty and temperance(谦虚与自制). Virtue is synonymous with charity(与慈善同义). Virtue is courage and perseverance(勇敢与坚毅). Virtue is what you feel good after(事后感觉良好之事). Virtue is following one's own conscience(按良心行事). Virtue is boundless power without abusing(权无限而不滥用).
Please watch and interpret:
我们听得见孩子们在外面玩耍. 这一罪行使世人感到震惊. 她责备她的孩子迟迟不回来. 解决这个问题时间是关键因素. 他们具备成功的一切条件. 跑步者用足力气做最后冲刺. 地下埋藏着大量的贵重金属. 我看不出有什么好忧虑的. 出国旅游已对她失去魅力. 大众媒体有时能左右局势. 读书是逃避现实的一种方式. We could hear the children at play outside. The outrage shocked the whole world. She reproached her child for staying out late. Time is the key factor in solving the problem. They had every qualification for success. The runners were rallying for a final sprint. Hidden underground is a wealth of precious metals. I have seen no reason to worry. Foreign travel has lost its glamour for her. The mass media sometimes manipulate events. Reading is an escape from reality.

自考英语二课文译文习题 Unit 8

Unit 8Text A Jet Lag: Prevention and Cure时差综合症的预防和治疗The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveller comes across at some time. But do you have to suffer? Understand what it is, and how a careful diet can minimize its worst effect s, and your flights will be less stressful.高速飞行时因时差而引起的生理节奏的推敲是每一个跨国旅行者有时会遇到的问题。

但你必须得忍受吗？如果你了解它是怎么回事，并且知道如何注意饮食才可以将其最坏影响减到最小程度，你的飞行就不会那么紧张了。

The effects of rapid travel on the body are actually far more disturbing than we realize. Jet La g is not a psychological consequence of having to readjust to a different time zone. It is due to ch anges in the body's physiological regulatory mechanisms, specifically the hormonal systems, in a di fferent environment.快速旅行对身体的影响实际上比我们所意识到的更加令人不安。

调整的习行因时差而引起的生理节奏的破坏不是必须重新调整去适合不同时区的心理影响。

它是由人体内的生理调节结构，特别是荷尔蒙系统在不同环境的变化引起的。

Confused? So was John Foster Dulles, the American Secretary of State, when he flew to Egyp t to conduct negotiations on the Aswan Dam. He later blamed his poor judgement on Jet Lag.感到困惑了吗？美国国务卿约翰·福斯·特杜勒斯飞往埃及进行关于阿斯旺大坝的谈判时也是这样。

翻译考试高级笔译模拟试题8

翻译考试高级笔译模拟试题8互助L君跻身文坛，盖有年矣，但总是红不起来，颇感寂寞。

于是，他找到了各种关系，以盛宴重礼把著名的评论家J君招待了一次。

J君有感于其情之盛，慨然允诺说：“现在他们对你太冷落了，就是不公平!我一定要写一篇推荐你的作品的文章，登到大报上，你的作品的优点是……”L君不等I君说完，慌忙摆手摇头，他说：“千万不必!千万不必!我只乞求您写一篇义正词严的文章把我批一个狗血淋头!积数十年之经验，我深知凡被您批了的，都可以风行全国，名震环球!而您也可以获得另一方面的美誉和利益，那才叫相反相成，相得益彰!”Helping Each OtherMr. L. had been a member of the literary circles for years without attracti ng any public attention. He felt rather deserted, and so he managed through var ious personal connections to invite Mr. J., a famous literary critic, to an ela borate dinner besides presenting him with expensive gifts. Mr. J. was quite mov ed by Mr. L.’s hospitality and promised right away, "It's not fair that you ha ve been so ignored! I must write an article for a key newspaper to recommend yo ur works. The merits of your works are...Mr. L. hastily cut in, shaking his head and waving his hands," No! No! I on ly beg you to write a very severe criticism against me. From my years of experi ence, I have come to the conclusion that all articles you criticize mill become popular not only in our country but also in the world. Meanwhile, you gain gre ater fame and interests through your criticism. Ibis is indeed `extremes meet' and hill only end up with mutual help and benefit!"。

MTI高级翻译课程练习(政治文体汉译英)

MTI高级翻译课程练习（政治文体汉译英）（朱健平设计）练习1（汉译英）：(1)思想战线上的战士，都应当是人类灵魂工程师。

(2)在当前这个转变时期，在社会主义精神文明建设【1】和整个社会主义建设事业中【2】，他们在思想教育方面的责任尤其重大【3】。

(3)十年内乱的消极后果和历史遗留的种种因素，新形势下出现的新的复杂问题，在人们的思想上引起各种反映，包括一部分模糊和错误的认识。

(4)作为灵魂工程师，应当高举马克思主义的、社会主义的旗帜，用自己的文章、作品、教学、讲演、表演，教育和引导人民正确地对待历史，认识现实，坚信社会主义和党的领导，鼓舞人民奋发努力，积极向上，真正做到有理想、有道德、有文化、守纪律，为伟大壮丽的社会主义现代化建设事业而英勇奋斗【4】【5】。

(5)大多数人【6】正是在不同程度上这样做的。

(6)但是，一些人却同时代和人民对他们的要求背道而驰，用他们的不健康思想、不健康作品、不健康表演【7】，来污染人们的灵魂【8】【9】。

(7)精神污染【10】的实质是散布形形色色的资产阶级和其他剥削阶级腐朽没落的思想，散布对于社会主义、共产主义事业和对于共产党领导的不信任情绪【11】。

(8)前年党中央召开了思想战线问题的座谈会，批评了某些资产阶级自由化倾向和领导上的软弱涣散现象【13】，那个会收到了一些效果，但没有完全解决问题【12】【14】。

(9)领导上的软弱涣散状态仍然存在；资产阶级自由化倾向有的有所克服，有的没有克服，有的发展得更严重了【15】【16】。

All the soldiers fighting on the ideological front should be engineers of the soul. They have heavy responsibility of educating people not only in the present of change, not only in building a socialist society of advanced culture and ethics, but in the whole process of the effort to build our country as well.附：难点提示本文选自1983年邓小平题为《党在组织战线和思想战线上的迫切任务》的讲话。

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