Therebe句型详细讲解

T h e r e b e句型详细讲解 This manuscript was revised by the office on December 10, 2020.
There be 句型
一肯定句：“There be+主语（某人/某物）+介词短语”，表示“（在）某地有某人/某物”。

这里的be的单复数形式要采取“就近一致”原则，即合靠近be的主语保持一致。

具体地说，there后面第一个主语，若是单数时，be就用is/was;若是复数时be就用are/were。

如：There are three people in my family. 我家有三口人。

There is a pen and two books on the desk.书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。

二．否定式：“There be +not+主语+介词短语”。

如：
There isn’t a boy in the room.房间里没有一个男孩。

There aren’t any books on the desk.书桌上没有书。

注意：“There be句型”的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其他句型一样，在be后加not或no 即可。

注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，所以not a/an/any+n.相当于no+n.。

例如：There are some pictures on the wall.
There aren’t any pictures on the wall.
=There are no pictures on the wall.
There is a bike behind the tree.
There isn’t a bike behind the tree.
=There is no bike behind the tree.
三．疑问式：Be there+主语+介词短语”。

肯定回答是：“Yes, there be.”否定回答是：“No, there+be与not的缩写形式”。

如：—Is there a lamp in your bedroom在你的卧室里有台灯吗
—Yes, there is.是的，有。

—Are there any clock in the living room客厅里有钟吗
—No, there aren’t.不，没有。

四．特殊疑问句：“There be句型”的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：
1.对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Who+be+介词短语”；当主语是物时，用“What+be+介词短语”。

注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式（回答时却要根据实际情况来确定）。

如：
There are many things over there.
What’s over there
There was a little girl in the room
Who was in the room
2.对地点状语提问：提问地点用“Where+be+主语”。

例如：
There is a computer on the desk.
Where is the computer
There were four children on the playground.
Where were the four children
3.对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：
How many+复数名词+are/were (there)+介词短语例如：
There’re many children in the park.
How many children are(there)in the park
How much+不可数名词+is/was there+介词短语例如：
There was little rain around the year.
How much rain was (there)around the year
五．There be 的其他用法
be与have的替换。

there be表示所属关系时可与have替换。

There is nothing but a book in my bag.
=I have nothing but a book in my bag.我书包里只有一本书。

There are forty students in our class.
=Our class has forty students.我们班有四十名学生。

be后接表示物的主语时，后面常接不定式作定语，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。

There is a lot of work to do.有许多工作要做。

be后接表示人或动物的主语时，后面长接V-ing形式作定语。

There are some children playing downstairs.几个孩子在楼下玩呢。

4.与其他词连用，构成复合谓语。

如：
There may be a heavy rain this afternoon.今天下午可能有一场大雨。

There used to be a cinema here before the war.战前这里有一个电影院。

be结构中的be根据所表达的句意需要，可用live，stand，remain等代替。

如：Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else.从前有一个国王，他喜欢衣物胜过一切。

There stands a high mountain in the middle of the woods.丛林中叠立着一座高山。

be结构的反意疑问句应与there be对应，而不是依据主语。

如：
There is a radio on the table, isn’t there 桌上有台收音机，是吗
There aren’t any fish in the river, are there 河里没有鱼，是吧
7.习惯用语there’s no good/use…(没有好处/没有用的)后常接V-ing形式。

如：
There is no good making friends with the dishonest men.和不诚实的人交朋友是没有好处的。