常见脂肪酸英文对照

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脂肪酸命名对照表

脂肪酸命名对照表

脂肪酸命名对照表一、脂肪酸简介脂肪酸是构成人体脂肪组织的基本单元,是人体能量来源之一。

根据其结构,脂肪酸可以分为饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸两种。

饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸的主要区别在于其化学结构。

饱和脂肪酸中没有双键,而不饱和脂肪酸中有一个或多个双键。

二、常用脂肪酸名称及缩写对照2.1 饱和脂肪酸2.1.1 肉豆蔻酸(Myristic Acid)2.1.2 棕榈酸(Palmitic Acid)2.1.3 硬脂酸(Stearic Acid)2.1.4 月桂酸(Lauric Acid)2.2 不饱和脂肪酸2.2.1 油酸(Oleic Acid)2.2.2 亚油酸(Linoleic Acid)2.2.3 α-亚麻酸(α-Linolenic Acid)2.2.4 花生四烯酸(Arachidonic Acid)三、常见脂肪酸名称及缩写对照表3.1 常见饱和脂肪酸名称及缩写对照表3.1.1 肉豆蔻酸(Myristic Acid)3.1.2 棕榈酸(Palmitic Acid)3.1.3 硬脂酸(Stearic Acid)3.1.4 月桂酸(Lauric Acid)3.2 常见不饱和脂肪酸名称及缩写对照表3.2.1 油酸(Oleic Acid)3.2.2 亚油酸(Linoleic Acid)3.2.3 α-亚麻酸(α-Linolenic Acid)3.2.4 花生四烯酸(Arachidonic Acid)四、常见脂肪酸的生理功能及作用4.1 饱和脂肪酸的生理功能及作用4.1.1 肉豆蔻酸的生理功能及作用:肉豆蔻酸主要存在于动物性食品中,具有很好的抗氧化性,能够抑制自由基的产生,对人体皮肤和眼睛健康有保护作用。

此外,肉豆蔻酸还能抑制血小板凝集,降低血液黏度,对心血管系统有保护作用。

但是,过量摄入肉豆蔻酸可能会增加血胆固醇水平,对健康产生负面影响。

脂肪酸的分类与命名

脂肪酸的分类与命名

脂肪酸的分类与命名脂肪酸的化学式为R-C00H,式中的R 为由碳原子所组成的烷基链。

脂肪酸的分类方法之一是按其链的长短,即按链上所含碳原子数目来分类。

碳原子数2~5 为短链脂肪酸;6~12 为中链脂肪酸;14 以上为长链脂肪酸。

人体血液和组织中的脂肪酸大多数是各种长链脂肪酸。

自然界中的脂肪酸几乎都是含双数碳原子的脂肪酸。

脂肪酸从结构形式上可分为饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acid,SFA)和不饱和脂肪酸(unsaturated fatty acid,USFA),不饱和脂肪酸又分为单不饱和脂肪酸(monounsaturated fatty acid,MUFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acid,PUFA)。

饱和脂肪酸不含双键,即每个碳原子价数是满的,不饱和脂肪酸含有一个或多个双键,含有一个不饱和键的称为单不饱和脂肪酸,具有两个或多个不饱和键的称为多不饱和脂肪酸。

多不饱和脂肪酸的双键为每相隔三个碳原子一个双键,这使其对自动氧化作用或过氧化作用有较大的防护能力。

一般植物和鱼类的脂肪含多不饱和脂肪酸比畜、禽类脂肪含量高。

脂肪酸命名规则:脂肪酸分子上的碳原子用阿拉伯数字编号定位通常有两种系统。

△编号系统从羧基碳原子算起;n 或ω编号系统则从离羧基最远的碳原子算起。

示例:CH3 一CH2 一CH2 一CH2 一CH2 一CH2 一CH2 一CH2 一CH2—C00H△编号系统10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1n 或ω编号系统1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10不饱和脂肪酸按n 或ω编号系统分为四类每一类都是由一系列脂肪酸组成。

不饱和脂肪酸类别列的各个脂肪酸均能在生物体内从母体脂肪酸合成,例如花生四烯酸(C20:4,n-6)由n-6 类母体亚油酸(C18:2,n-6)合成。

然而生物体不能把某一类脂肪酸转变为另一类脂肪酸。

就是说,油酸类(n-9)的脂肪酸没有一个能够转变为亚油酸或n-6 类任何一种脂肪酸。

2.2 脂肪酸

2.2 脂肪酸
胆固醇值升高。已有报道称月桂酸(12:0)、豆蔻酸(14:0)和16:0对 人体血清胆固醇的升高特别强。
不饱和脂肪酸
一烯酸:一烯酸指脂肪酸碳链中含一个双键的脂肪酸。
一、通式 CnH2n-2O2表示 二、结构和命名
1.结构:以油酸为例,其结构及命名如下:
CH3(CH2)7CH C CH(CH2)7COOH HH
人体内主要含有长链脂肪酸组 成的脂类。
2. 根据碳氢链饱和与不饱和的不同可分为3类,即:
饱和脂肪酸(Saturated fatty acids,SFA),碳氢上没有不饱和键; 单不饱和脂肪酸(Monounsaturated fatty acids,MUFA),其碳氢链有一个不饱和 键; 多不饱和脂肪酸(Polyunsaturated fatty acids,PUFA),其碳氢链有二个或二个以 上不饱和键。
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3. 根据营养角度可分为2类,即: 非必需脂肪酸:是机体可以自行合成,不必依靠食物供应的脂肪酸,它包括饱和 脂肪酸和一些单不饱和脂肪酸。 必需脂肪酸:为人体健康和生命所必需,但机体自己不能合成,必须依赖食物供 应,它们都是不饱和脂肪酸,均属于ω-3族和ω-6族多不饱和脂肪酸。
3.速记表示法
CH3(CH2)4CH C CHCH2CH C CH(CH2)7COOH 顺-9,顺-12-十八碳二烯酸或9c,12c-18:2
9C,12C-18:2 4. n、ω速记法表示(限于在生物系统应用)
以离甲基端最近的双键第一个碳原子位置表示双键的位置:
18:2(n-6) 或18:2ω6。
n、ω速记法仅限于:
由于反式酸对动脉硬化和冠心病有促进作用,发达国家已严格限制用量。 近年来,油酸的营养与功能特性引起人们的关注,具有降低LDL(低密度胆固醇) 的作用,起预防动脉硬化的效果。

基础油 - 0 脂肪酸名称对照

基础油 - 0 脂肪酸名称对照

基础油– 0脂肪酸名称对照碳链中文名英文名无1C2:0 乙酸Acetic acidC3:0 丙酸Propionic acidC4:0 丁酸Butyric acidC5:0 戊酸Valeric acidC6:0 己酸Hexanoic acid无7C8:0 辛酸Octanoic acidC9:0 壬酸Nonanoic acidC10:0 葵酸/羊蜡酸Decanoic acidC11:0 十一烷酸Undecanoic acidC12:0 月桂酸Dodecanoic acidC13:0 十三烷酸Tridecanoic acidC14:0 肉豆蔻酸Myristic acidC15:0 十五烷酸Pentadecanoic acidC16:0 棕榈酸Palmitic acidC16:1 棕榈油酸Palmitoleic Acid无17C18:0 硬脂酸Stearic acidC18:1 油酸Oleic acidC18:1T 反油酸Elaidic acidC18:2 亚油酸Linoleic acidC18:2T 反亚油酸C18:3 亚麻酸Linolenic acidC18:3T 反亚麻酸C18:3 γ-亚麻酸gamma-Linolenic acidC19:0 十九烷酸Nonadecanoic acidC20:1 顺-11-二十碳烯酸cis-11-Eicosenoic acidC20:1 反-11-二十碳烯酸trans-11-Eicosenoic acidC20:5 二十碳五烯酸cis-5.8.11.14.17-Eicosapentaenoic acidC21:0 二十一烷酸Heneicosanoic acidC22:0 二碳烷酸Behenic acidC22:1 芥子酸Erucic acidC22:5 二十二碳五烯酸all-cis-7.10.13.16.19-Docosapentaenoic acid C22:6 二十二碳六烯酸cis-4.7-10.13.16.19-Docosahexaenoic acid 无23C24:1 神经酸Nervonic acid脂肪酸脂肪酸是由碳、氢、氧三种元素组成的一类化合物,是中性脂肪、磷脂和糖脂的主要成分。

英文版生物化学单词

英文版生物化学单词

12fatty acid脂肪酸phospholipid[,fɔsfə'lipid, -'lai-]n. [生化] 磷脂phosphoglyceride磷酸甘油sphingosine['sfiŋɡəsi:n, -sin]鞘胺醇,神经胺sphingomyelin[,sfinɡəu'maiəlin](神经)鞘磷脂glycolipid[,ɡlaikəu'lipid]糖脂类cerebroside['seribrəsaid]脑苷脂ganglioside ['ɡæŋɡliəsaid][生化]神经节苷脂cholesterol[kə'lestərɔl]胆固醇amphipathic molecule[,æmfi'pæθik, 'æmfipɑ:θ]两亲水脂分子lipid bilayer['baileiə]脂质二重层liposome ['lipəusəum, 'lai-]脂质体hydropathy plot[hai'drɔpəθi]水疗法integral membrane protein整合膜蛋白peripheral membrane protein外周膜蛋白lateral diffusion径向扩散fluid mosaic model流动镶嵌模型targeting sequence目标序列receptor-mediated endocytosis [,endəusai'təusis]受体介导的内吞作用14Phototroph['fəutəu,trɔf] (利用光作为代谢能源的)光养生物;[微] 光能利用菌Chemotrop化学营养生物catabolism[kə'tæbəlizəm]分解代谢metabolism or intermediary metabolism[,intə'mi:diəri]新陈代谢或中间代谢anabolism[ə'næbəulizəm] [生化] 合成代谢;同化作用amphibolic pathway[,æmfi'bɔlik][生化]两用代谢途径;[生化]无定向代谢途径coupled reaction偶联反应activated carrier活化载体oxidation-reduction reaction氧化还原反应phosphoryl transfer potential[,fɔs'fɔ:ril; fɔs'fɔ:ril]磷酰基转移电势oxidative phosphorylation['ɔksideitiv,fɔsfəri'leiʃən] 氧化磷酸化ligation reaction[lai'ɡeiʃən]结扎反应isomerization reaction[ai,sɔmərai'zeiʃən, -ri'z-]异构化反应group-transfer reaction基团转移反应hydrolytic reaction水解反应addition to or formation of double-bond reaction增加或形成双键反应energy charge能荷phosphorylation potential[fɔ,sfɔri'leiʃən][有化]磷酸化作用电势16glycolysis[ɡlai'kɔlisis]糖醇解lactic acid fermentation[,fə:men'teiʃən]乳酸发酵alcoholic fermentation酒精发酵gluconeogenesis['ɡlu:kəu,ni:əu'dʒenisis]糖质新生,糖异生ob ligate anaerobe[æ'nεərəub]专性厌氧微生物facultative anaerobe兼性厌氧菌hexokinase[,heksəu'kaineis][生化]己糖激酶kinase['kaineiz, 'ki-]激酶phosphofructokinase (PFK) ['fɔsfəu,frʌktəu'kai,neis, -neiz]磷酸果糖激酶thioester intermediate[,θaiəu'estə]硫代酸酯中间物substrate-level phosphorylation[fɔ,sfɔri'leiʃən]底物水平磷酸化mutase['mju:teis]变位酶enol phosphate['i:nɔl]烯醇磷酸pyruvate kinase[pai'ru:veit, pi-]丙酮酸激酶bifunctional enzyme双功能的酶,双官能团的酶feedforward stimulation正反馈激励committed step[生化]关键步骤pyruvate carboxylase[kɑ:'bɔksileis][生化]丙酮酸羧化酶biotin['baiətin]生物素,维生素H glucose 6-phosphatase 6-磷酸葡萄糖substrate cycle底物周期17citric acid (tricarboxylic acid, TCA; Krebs) cycle['sitrik]柠檬酸(三羧酸,三醋酸纤维素;克雷布斯(姓氏))循环oxidative phosphorylation['ɔksideitiv,fɔsfəri'leiʃən]氧化磷酸化acetyl CoA['æsitil, ə'si:til]乙酰辅酶A flavoprotein['fleivəu'prəuti:n]黄素蛋白pyruvate dehydrogenase complex[pai'ru:veit,pi-][di:'haidrədʒəneis]丙酮酸脱氢酶复合物citrate synthase['sitreit][生化]柠檬酸合成酶iron-sulfur (nonheme iron) protein铁硫蛋白isocitrate dehydrogenase[di:'haidrədʒəneis]异柠檬酸脱氢酶malate synthase['mæleit]苹果酸合成酶a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenas[,ki:təuɡlu:'tɑ:reit]酮戊二酸脱氢酶metabolonanaplerotic reaction[,ænəpli'rɔtik]补给反应glyoxylate cycle[glai'ɔksi,leit]乙醛酸循环glyoxysome [ɡlai'ɔksisəm]乙醛酸循环体beriberi[,beri'beri]脚气病isocitrate lyase['laieis]异柠檬酸裂合酶18oxidative phosphorylation ['ɔksideitiv,fɔsfəri'leiʃən]氧化磷酸化proton-motive force质子原动力cellular respiration [,respə'reiʃən]细胞呼吸作用electron-transport chain电子转移链reduction (redox, oxidation-reduction, E´ 0 ) potential还原(氧化还原剂,氧化还原作用,)电势inverted region反转区coenzyme Q (Q, ubiquinone)辅酶Q(Q,[ju:'bikwi,nəun] 泛醌;辅酶Q(等于coenzyme Q)NADH-Q oxidoreductase (Complex I)['ɔksidəuri'dʌkteis] 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸-Q氧化还原酶(复合物I)flavin mononucleotide (FMN)黄素单核苷酸iron-sulfur (nonheme iron) protein铁硫(非血红素)蛋白cytochrome c (cyt c)细胞色素C succinate-Q reductase (Complex II) ['sʌksineit]琥珀酸盐还原酶Q Q cycle Q周期Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (Complex III) ['saitəukrəum]细胞色素氧化还原酶QRieske centercytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV)细胞色素C氧化酶catalase ['kætəleis] 过氧化氢酶superoxide dismutase[dis'mju:teis]超氧化物歧化酶uncoupling protein (UCP)解偶联蛋白ATP synthase (Complex V, F 1 F 0 ATPase)A TP合成酶glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle3-磷酸甘油穿梭途径malate-aspartate shuttle苹果酸-天门冬氨酸穿梭途径ATP-ADP translocase(adenine nucleotide translocase, ANT)ATP-ADP移位酶(腺嘌呤核苷酸移位酶)respiratory (acceptor) control['respərətəri, ri'spaiə-]呼吸(受体)控制caspase半胱天冬酶;切冬酶(胱冬肽酶);细胞凋亡蛋白酶programmed cell death (apoptosis)程序化细胞死亡([,æpə'təusis; ,æpəp'təusis]细胞凋亡)20Calvin cycle (dark reactions)卡尔文循环(暗反应)Autotroph自养生物starch淀粉heterotroph ['hetərəutrɔf]异养生物peroxisome[pə'rɔksə,səm]过氧物酶体rubisco (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) 二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶photorespiration ['fəutəu,respə'reiʃən]光呼吸thioredoxin [,θaiəu'ri:dɔksin]硫氧还蛋白sucrose ['sju:krəuz, -krəus]蔗糖C 4 pathway C 4 plant C 3 plantCrassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)景天酸代谢pentose phosphate pathway磷酸戊糖途径glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase 6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glutathione[,ɡlu:tə'θaiəun]谷胱甘肽transketolase[træns'ki:təuleis, trænz-, trɑ:n-]转酮醇酶transaldolase醛羧移转酶21glycogen phosphorylase糖原磷酸化酶phosphorolysis[,fɔsfə'rɔlisis]磷酸解作用pyridoxal phosphate [,piri'dɔksəl, -æl]吡哆醛磷酸盐(维生素B6)protein kinase A蛋白激酶A phosphorylase kinase磷酸化酶激酶calmodulin ['kælmə,djulin]钙调蛋白epinephrine (adrenaline)肾上腺素glucagon['ɡlu:kəɡɔn]胰高血糖素insulin胰岛素uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPglucose)尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖glycogen synthase糖原合成酶glycogenin protein phosphatase 1蛋白质磷酸酶122triacylglycerol (neutral fat, triacylglyceride)三酰甘油(中性脂肪,三酸甘油酯)bile salt胆汁盐chylomicron [,kailəu'maikrɔn]乳糜微滴acyl adenylate酰基腺苷酸carnitine ['kɑ:niti:n]肉毒碱b-oxidation pathway b氧化途径vitamin B 12(cobalamin)维生素B12['kəubɔ:ləmin] peroxisome[pə'rɔksə,səm]过氧化物酶体ketone body酮体fatty acid synthase脂肪酸合成酶acyl carrier protein (ACP) 酰基载体蛋白质malonyl CoA ['mælənil]丙二酰辅酶Aacetyl CoA carboxylase乙酰辅酶A羧化酶megasynthase polyketide聚酮化合物nonribosomal peptideAMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK)腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶arachidonate[,ærə'kidəneit]花生四烯酸protein phosphatase 2A蛋白质磷酸酶2A prostaglandin[,prɔstə'ɡlændin]前列腺素eicosanoid [ai'kəusə,nɔid]类二十烷酸23ubiquitin [ju:'bikwitin]泛素,泛激酶proteasome蛋白酶体aminotransferase (transaminase)氨基转移酶(转氨酶) glutamate dehydrogenase谷氨酸脱氢酶pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)吡哆醛磷酸盐pyridoxamine phosphate (PMP) [piri'dɔksə,mi:n] 吡哆胺(维生素B6)磷酸盐alanine cycle丙氨酸循环urea cycle尿素循环N-acetylglutamate乙酰谷氨酸carbamoyl phosphate synthetase氨基甲酰磷酸盐合成酶ketogenic amino acid[,ki:təu'dʒenik]生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid[,ɡlu:kəu'dʒenik]生成葡萄糖的氨基酸biopterin [,baiəu'pterin]生物嘌呤phenylketonuria ['fenil,ki:tə'njuri:ə, 'fi:-]苯丙酮酸尿24nitrogen fixation固氮作用nitrogenase complex['naitrədʒəneis, nai'trɔdʒəneis]固氮酶复合物essential amino acids必需氨基酸nonessential amino acids非必需氨基酸pyridoxal phosphate[,piri'dɔksəl, -æl]吡哆醛磷酸盐tetrahydrofolate四氢叶酸盐S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) [ə,denəsilmə'θaiəni:n] S—腺苷甲硫胺酸activated methyl cycle活化甲基周期substrate channeling底物通道作用committed step关键步骤cumulative feedback inhibition累积反馈抑制作用enzyme multiplicity酶多样性25Nucleoside核苷nucleotide核苷酸pyrimidine嘧啶salvage pathway补救途径carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CSP) [kɑ:'bæmɔil] 氨甲酰磷酸合成酶purine嘌呤ATP-grasp fold orotidylate5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) [,paiərəu'fɔsfeit] 5-磷酸核糖-1-焦磷酸inosinate [i'nəusineit] 次黄甙酸盐;肌甙酸盐hypoxanthine[,haipəu'zænθi:n, -θin] 次黄嘌呤glutamine phosphoribosyl amidotransferase谷氨酸磷酸核糖氨基转移酶ribonucleotide reductase核苷酸还原酶thymidylate synthase胸苷酸合成酶dihydrofolate reductase [dai,haidrəu'fɔleit]二氢叶酸还原酶26Phosphatidate磷脂Triacylglycerol三酰甘油phospholipid[,fɔsfə'lipid, -'lai-]磷脂cytidine diphosphodiacylglycerol (CDP-diacylglycerol)glyceryl ether phospholipid ['i:θə]甘油乙醚磷脂sphingolipid [,sfinɡəu'lipid, -'laip-]鞘脂类ceramide (N-acyl sphingosine) ['serəmaid](['sfiŋɡəsi:n, -sin]N-酰基鞘氨醇)神经酰胺cerebroside['seribrəsaid]脑苷脂ganglioside['ɡæŋɡliəsaid]神经节苷脂cholesterol[kə'lestərɔl]胆固醇mevalonate [me'væləneit, -nət]甲羟戊醇3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase)3-羟基-5-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate3-煤焦磷酸lipoprotein particles脂蛋白微粒sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)胆固醇元件调节结合蛋白low-density lipoprotein (LDL)低密度脂蛋白high-density lipoprotein (HDL)高密度脂蛋白receptor-mediated endocytosis [,endəusai'təusis]受体调节内吞作用bile salts胆汁盐steroid hormones ['sterɔid, 'stiə-]甾类激素cytochrome P450 monooxygenase ['saitəukrəum][,mɔnəu'ɔksidʒineis,]细胞色素P450单氧酶pregnenolone [preɡ'nenələun] 孕烯醇酮27B-DNA helix B-脱氧核糖核酸螺旋A-DNA helix A-脱氧核糖核酸螺旋major groove【分子生物学】大沟minor groove[生化] 小沟Z-DNA helix Z-脱氧核糖核酸螺旋DNA polymerase DNA聚合酶Template模板Primer原始物helicase解旋酶exonuclease[,eksəu'nju:klieis] [生化] 核酸外切酶supercoil超螺旋linking number (Lk) 耦合数topoisomer拓扑异构体twist (Tw)扭曲writhe (Wr) [raið]翻滚origin of replication复制原点topoisomerase [tɔpɔi'sʌməreiz]拓扑异构酶primase引发酶replication fork复制叉Okazaki fragment [遗] 冈崎片段lagging strand [生化] 后随链leading strand引导链DNA ligase DNA连接酶processivity持续合成能力cell cycle细胞周期telomere ['teləmiə]端粒telomerase [te'lɔməreis]端粒酶recombinase [ri:'kɔmbə,neiz]重组酶Holliday junctionrecombination synapse ['sainæps, 'si-, si'næps]重组突触transition过渡transversion颠换mutagen ['mju:tədʒən] 诱导有机体突变的物质direct repair base-excision repair Ames tesnucleotide-excision repair核苷酸切补修复trinucleotide repeat三核苷酸复制28Transcription转录RNA polymeraseRNA聚合酶promoter sites起始位点transcription factor转录因子footprinting足迹法consensus sequence共有序列sigma subunit 亚组rho (r) protein transcription bubble转录泡TA TA box Enhancer强化剂pre-mRNA前信使RNA5 cap poly(A) tail RNA editingRNA剪接RNA splicingRNA拼接Spliceosome剪接体small nuclear RNA (snRNA)小核RNA alternative splicing可变剪接catalytic RNA催化剂RNA self-splicing自我拼接29Translation翻译Ribosome核糖体transfer RNA (tRNA)转运RNA codon密码子anticodon反密码子aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase氨酰基-转运RNA合成酶50S subunit 30S subunit Polysome多核糖体Shine-Dalgarno sequence peptidyl transferase center肽基转移酶中心wobble hypothesis['wɔbl][hai'pɔθisis]摆动假说,变偶假说initiation factor起始因子elongation factor延长因子elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu)elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts)elongation factor G (EF-G)molecular mimicry['mimikri]分子模拟release factor释放因子30allosteric interaction变构相互作用covalent modification共价修正glycolysis糖酵解phosphofructokinase ['fɔsfəu,frʌktəu'kai,neis, -neiz]磷酸果糖激酶citric acid cycle三羧酸循环oxidative phosphorylation氧化磷酸化pentose phosphate pathway磷酸戊糖途径gluconeogenesis ['ɡlu:kəu,ni:əu'dʒenisis]糖异生glycogen synthesis糖原合成glycogen degradation糖原降解glucose 6-phosphate 6-磷酸葡萄糖acetyl CoA乙酰辅酶A pyruvate [pai'ru:veit, pi-]丙酮酸ketone body酮体starved-fed cycle饥饿喂养的周期glucose homeostasis [,həumiəu'steisis]葡萄糖内稳态insulin胰岛素glucagon胰高血糖素caloric homeostasis热量内稳态leptin ['leptin]瘦蛋白creatine phosphate ['kri:əti:n]磷酸肌酸。

生物化学常用专业术语中英文对照汇编手册

生物化学常用专业术语中英文对照汇编手册

绪论(prelude)生物化学biochemistry 无机离子inorganic生物分子biomolecular 糖carbohydrate脂lipid核酸nucleic acid蛋白质protein维生素vitamin酶enzyme辅酶coenzyme 激素hormone核苷酸nucleotide氨基酸amino acid 葡萄糖glucose单糖monosaccharide 双糖disaccharide脂肪酸fatty acid克隆技术cloning克隆clone糖类(carbohydrate)糖carbohydrate/saccharide糖生物学glycobiology醛糖aldose酮糖ketose单糖monosaccharide寡/低聚糖oligosaccharide二糖disaccharide三糖trisaccharide多糖polysaccharide复合糖compoud/complex saccharide 链状结构chain structure构型configuration构象conformation异构isomerism 对映体enanthiomer果糖fructose半乳糖galactose甘露糖mannose环状结构ring structure异头物anomer不对称碳原子asymmetric carbon atom 投影式Fischer式透视式Haworth式椅式构象chain form船式构象boat form旋光性optical activity比旋光度specific rotation变旋性mutarotation甜度sweetness半缩醛hemiacetal醛糖酸aldonic acid还原糖reducing sugar醛糖二酸aldaric acid糖醛酸uronic acid糖苷glycoside糖脎osazone/phenylosazone 糠醛furfural蒽酮anthroneN—乙酰葡糖胺NAGN-乙酰—胞壁酸NAM蔗糖sucrose麦芽糖maltose乳糖lactose淀粉starch糖原glycogen纤维素cellulose壳多糖(几丁质)chitin琼脂agar支链淀粉amylopectin直链淀粉amylose肽聚糖peptidoglycan粘肽mucopeptide氨基糖肽glycoaminopeptide磷壁酸teichoic acid软骨素4-或6—硫chondroitin 4—or6-sulfate,CS脂多糖lipopolysaccharide糖蛋白glycoprotein透明质酸hyaluronic acid,HA肝素heparin,HP蛋白聚糖proteoglycan硫酸皮肤素dermatan sulfate,DS硫酸角质素keratan suIfate,KS核心蛋白core protein连接蛋白link protein糖胺聚糖/粘多糖glycosaminoglycan/mucopolysaccharide胞壁酸muramic acid神经氨酸neuraminic acid淀粉酶amylase糊精odextrin磷酸化酶phosphrylase糖肽键glycopeptide linkag脂质(lipid)单脂simple lipid复脂compound lipid 衍生脂质derived lipid 脂肪酸fatty acid,FA 饱和脂肪酸saturated FA不饱和脂肪unsaturated FA单不饱和脂肪酸monounsaturated FA 多不饱和脂肪酸polyunsaturated FA乳化emulsification微团micelle离子型去污剂(乳化剂)ionic detergent 三脂triester甘油glycerolSn命名法Stereospecific Numbering酰基甘油acylglycerol三酰甘油triacylglycerol,TG甘油三脂triglyceride命名法nomenclature乙酰(化)值/价acetylation value酸值/酸价acid value加成反应addition reaction碘值/碘价iodine number or value皂化值saponification value磷脂phospholipid甘油磷酯glycerophospholipid微囊vesicle 磷脂酶phospholipase磷酸甘油脂phosphoglyceride鞘氨醇sphingosine鞘(氨醇)磷脂sphingomyelin神经酰胺ceramide鞘磷脂sphingomyelin糖脂glucolipid/glycolipin鞘糖脂glycosphingolipid必需脂肪酸essential fatty acid蜡wax过氧化作用peroxidation磷脂酰胆碱/卵磷脂lecithin磷脂酰乙醇胺/脑磷脂cephalin 双磷脂酰甘油/心磷脂cardiolipin 萜terpene类固醇/甾醇steroid胆固醇cholesterol蛋白质(protein)化学蛋白质protein,pr蛋白水解酶proteolytic enzyme 蛋白酶proteinase胰蛋白酶trypsin糜蛋白酶chymotrypsin胃蛋白酶pepsin嗜热菌蛋白酶themolysin 氨基酸amino acid,AA等电点isoelectric point,pI标准氨基酸standard amino acid 甘氨酸glycine,Gly,G丙氨酸alanine,Ala,A缬氨酸valine,Val,V亮氨酸lucine,Leu,L异亮氨酸isoleucine,Ile,I丝氨酸serine,Ser,S苏氨酸threonine,Thr,T半胱氨酸cysteine,Cys,C甲硫/蛋氨酸methionine,Met,M 谷氨酸glutamic acid,Glu,E谷氨酰胺glutamine,Gln,Q天冬氨酸aspartic acid,Asp,D天冬酰胺asparagine,Asn,N赖氨酸lysine,Lys,K精氨酸arginine,Arg,R组氨酸histidine,His,H脯氨酸proline,Pro,P苯丙氨酸phenylalanine,Phe,F 色氨酸tryptophan,Trp,W酪氨酸tyrosine,Tyr,Y2,4一二硝基氟苯DNFB苯异硫氰酸酯PITC苯硫乙内酰脲AA PTH-AA苯氨基硫甲酰AA PTC-AA坂口反应Sakaguchi反应乙醛酸反应Hopking-Cole反应肽键peptide bond二硫硝基苯甲酸DTNB (Ellman试剂) 谷胱甘肽(GSH ,Glu-Cys—Gly)肽(链)peptide chain酚试剂反应Folin-Cioculteu反应氨肽酶amino peptidase羧肽酶carboxypeptidase真正单键pure single bond二面角dihedral angle帽化capping部分双键的性质partial double—bond character一级结构primary structure二级结构secondary structure三级结构tertiary structure四级结构quaternary structure二级结构元件secondary structrue element螺旋helixα—螺旋α-Helix氢键hydrogen bond疏水作用hydrophobic interaction范德华力van der Waals forceβ—折叠β—pleated sheet亚基/亚单位subunit自由回转/无规卷曲random coil结构域structural domain次级键(非共价键)noncovalent bond 肌红蛋白myoglobin,Mb对称性symmetry超二级结构(花式)Super-secondary structure肽链peptide chain多肽polypeptide活性肽active peptideα-角蛋白α—keratin丝心蛋白fibroin胶原蛋白collagen血红蛋白hemoglobin,Hb别构作用allosteric interaction别构效应allosteric effect别构蛋白allosteric protein协同效应cooperative effect二磷酸甘油酸BPG核糖核酸酶ribonuclease, RNaseβ-转角β—turn(β-弯曲β-bend,β-回折或发夹结构hairpin structure)纸层析filter—paper chromatography离子交换层析ion—exchange column chromatography简单/纯蛋白质simple protein缀合蛋白质conjugated protein纤维状蛋白质fibrous protein球状蛋白质globular protein二硫键disulfide bond对角线电泳diagonal electrophoresis氨基酸残基amino acid residues同源蛋白质homology protein二面角dihedral angle螺旋帽化helix capping肌球蛋白myosin膜周边蛋白peripheral protein膜内在蛋白antegral protein脂锚定蛋白Lipid-anchored protein变性denaturation变性剂denaturation agent十二烷基硫酸钠SDS复性renaturation珠蛋白globin血红素heme紧张态tense state弛态relaxed state镰刀状细胞贫血病sickle—cell anemia 免疫球蛋白IgG渗透压osmotic pressure沉降系数sedimentation coefficient沉降系数单位Svedberg unit,S凝胶过滤gel filtration聚丙烯酰胺凝胶ployacrylamide gel水化层hydration mantle亲水胶体hydrophilic colloid 双电层electric double layer纯化purification分离isolation透析dialysis密度梯度density gradient盐溶salting in盐析salting out电泳electrophoresis聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳ployacrylamide gel electrophoresis毛细管电泳capillary electrophoresis等电聚焦isoelectric focusing亲和层析affinity chromatography酶(enzyme)化学生物催化剂biocatalyst底物substrate单纯酶simple enzyme结合酶conjugated enzyme 全酶holienzyme辅因子cofactor辅酶coenzyme辅基prosthetic group 金属离子metal ion多酶复合体multienzyme system寡聚酶oligomeric enzyme单体酶monomeric enzyme习惯命名法recommended name国际系统命名法systematic name酶的专一性/特异性enzyme specificity 诱导契合学说induced—fit hypothesis氧化还原酶oxidoreductases转移酶transferases水解酶hydrolases裂合酶lyase异构酶isomerases合成/连接酶ligases酶促反应enzymatic reaction酶活力enzyme activity比活力specific activity核酶ribozyme抗体酶abzyme酶工程enzyme engineering固体化酶immobilized enzyme酶促反应动力学kinetics of enzyme—catalyzed reactions双倒数作图法Lineweaver-Burk作图法最适温度optimum temperature,Tm最适pHoptimum pH 活性部位active site必需基团essential group抑制剂inhibitor激活剂activator效应物effector别构酶allosteric enzyme别构调节allosteric regulation同促效应homotropic effect异促效应heterotropic effect天冬氨酸转氨甲酰酶ATCase酶原zymogen酶单位enzyme unit同工酶isoenzyme共价调节(修饰)酶covalent regulatory enzyme乳酸脱氢酶LDH可逆的共价修饰reversible covalent modification维生素(vitamin)与辅酶(coenzyme)视紫红质visual purple 视黄醇retinolβ-胡萝卜素β-carotine 夜盲症nyctalopia视黄醛retinene胆钙化醇(Vitamin D3)cholecalciferolV E(生育酚/抗不育维生素)tocopherol 麦角钙化醇(Vitamin D2)ergotcalciferol 凝血维生素Vitamin K抗神经炎/脚气病维生素,硫胺(素)Vitamin B1抗癞皮病维生素Vitamin PP硫胺素焦磷酸thiamine pyrophosphate,TPP尼克酸(烟酸)nicotinic acid尼克酰胺(烟酰胺) nicotinamide转钙化蛋白DBP维生素B2( VB2)/核黄素riboflavin黄素单核苷酸FMN ,flavin mononucleotide黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸FAD,flavin adenine dinucleotid泛酸,VB3(遍多酸)pantothenic acid辅酶A CoA-SH,coenzyme A酰基载体蛋白ACP, acyl carrier protein 维生素B6(吡哆素)Vitamin B6吡哆醇pyridoxine吡哆醛pyridoxal吡哆胺pyridoxamine磷酸吡哆醛PLP, pyridoxal—5—phosphate醛亚胺Schiff碱维生素B12(钴胺素)cobalamine维生素B7/H(生物素)biotin叶酸folic acid四氢叶酸(辅酶F)FH4/CoF/THF,tetrahydrofolate硫辛酸lipoic acid维生素C (抗坏血酸) ascorbic acid尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(辅酶Ⅰ)nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD+尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(辅酶Ⅱ)nicotinamide adeninedinucleotide phosphate,NADP+核酸(nucleic acid)化学DNA序列分析DNA Sequencing脱氧核糖核酸Deoxyribonucleic acid,DNA 核糖核酸Ribonucleic acid, RNA信使RNA (mRNA) messenger RNA转运RNA(tRNA) transfer RNA核糖体RNA (rRNA)ribosome RNA 小RNA sRNA反义RNA asRNA胞质小RNA sc RNA核不均一RNA hnRNA核内小RNA snRNA原核生物prokaryote真核生物eukaryote人类基因组计划Human Gene Project 质粒plasmid染色体chromosome染色质chromatin一磷酸腺苷(腺一磷)AMP,adenosine monophosphate二磷酸腺苷(腺二磷)ADP, adenosine diphosphate三磷酸腺苷(腺三磷)ATP,adenosine triphosphate复制replication转录transcription翻译translation逆转录reserve transcription 核苷酸nucleotide核苷nucleoside磷酸phosphate碱基base嘌呤碱purine base嘧啶碱pyrimidine base戊糖amyl sugar核糖ribose脱氧核糖deoxyribose腺嘌呤adenine,A鸟嘌呤guanine,G胞嘧cytosine,C胸腺嘧啶thymine,T尿嘧啶uracil,U二氢尿嘧啶DHU3’,5’-环化鸟苷酸cGMP3’,5’—环化腺苷酸cAMP顺反子cistron假尿嘧啶核苷pseudouridineDNA双螺旋结构DNA double-helical structure碱基对base pair,bp氢键hydrogen bond碱基堆积base stacking 组蛋白histone核小体nucleosome纤维fiber突环loop玫瑰花结rosette染色单体chromatid螺管/螺线圈coil 氨基酸臂amino acid armD环(二氢尿嘧啶环)diphydrouracil loop反密码子环anticodon loop可变环(额外环)extra loop核糖核酸酶ribonuclease, RNase牛胰核糖核酸酶RNaseI脱氧核糖核酸酶deoxyribonuclease,DNase牛胰脱氧核糖核酸酶DNaseI牛脾脱氧核糖核酸酶DNaseⅡ熔解温度melting temperature, Tm 变性denaturation 复性reassociation杂交hybridization原位杂交hybridization in situ激素(hormone)激素hormone生长激素growth hormone促甲状腺激素thyrotropic hormone催乳激素luteotropic促黄体生长激素luteinizing hormone 促卵泡激素follicle stimulating bormone脂肪酸释放激素lipotropin 催产素oxytocin加压素vasopressin促黑素细胞激素malanophore—stimulating hormone 胸腺素thymosin甲状腺激素thyroxine三碘甲状腺原氨酸triiodothyronine降钙素calcitonin甲状旁腺激素parathormone肾上腺素adrenaline去甲肾上腺素noradrenaline胰高血糖素glucagon胰岛素insulin促肠液激素enterocrinin肠促胰液素secretin肠抑胃素enterogastrone促肾上腺皮质激素adrenocorticotropic hormone促甲酸激素gastrin绒毛膜粗性腺激素chorionic gonadoreopin耻骨松弛激素relaxin瘦素leptin皮质酮corticosterone肾上腺雄酮androstenedione孕酮progesterone 原激素prohormone甲状腺过氧化物酶thyroid peroxidase 抗利尿激素antidiuretic hormone睾酮testosterone雄酮androsterone钙调蛋白calmodulin钙传感器calcium sensors磷脂酰肌醇phophatidyl inositol靶蛋白质target protein癌基因oncogenes植物生长素auxin赤霉素gibberellin细胞分裂素cytokinin保幼激素juvenile hormone激动素kinetin脱落酸abscisic acid性外激素sexpheromone蜕皮激素molting hormone生物膜(biomembrane)的组成与结构间体mesosome区域化compartmentation 鞘氨醇sphingosine 鞘磷脂sphingomyelin神经酰胺ceramide磷脂酸phosphatidic acid,PA多态性polymorphism双层bilayer溶血磷脂lysophospholipid两亲性分子amphipathic molecule核磁共振NMR脂质体liposome半乳糖脑苷脂galactocerebroside去垢剂detergent微团micelle非双层脂non—bilayer lipid非双层脂结构non—bilayer lipid structure磷脂酰乙醇胺phosphatidylethanolamine,PE磷脂酰胆碱phosphatidylcholine,PC 磷脂酰甘油phosphatidylglycerol,PG 磷脂酰丝氨酸phosphatidylserine,PS 膜骨架membrane skeleton 血影蛋白spectrin糖蛋白glycoprotein豆蔻酸myristic acid乙酰胆碱酯酶acetylcholinesterase蛋白质复合物glycocalyx细胞外壳cell coat单葡萄糖甘油二脂monoglucsyldiglyceride,MGDG运动性mobility胞吞/内吞endocytosis胞吐exocytosis偏转gauche全反式all trans分相phase separation荧光素fluorescein肌动蛋白actin单位膜unit membrance微区domain糖基磷脂酰肌醇glycosylphosphatidylinositol,GPI心磷脂(双磷脂酰甘油)cardiolipin(diphosphatidylglycerol)光致漂白荧光恢复法Fluorescence Photobleaching Recovery ,FPR生物氧化(Biological Oxidation)肌酸激酶Creatine kinase磷酸肌酸Creatine phosphofat e生物氧化Biological Oxidation氧化磷酸化oxidative phosphorylation 呼吸链respiratory chainNADH-Q还原酶NADH-Q reductase 琥珀酸—Q还原酶succinate-Q reductase细胞还原酶cytochrome reductase细胞色素氧化酶cytochrome oxidase 鱼藤酮rotenoneATP合酶ATPsynthase电动势electromotive force安密妥amytal解偶联剂uncouplers超氧化物歧化酶superoxide dismutase 过氧化氢酶catalase过氧化物酶peroxidase 高能键high—energy bond乙酰磷酸acetyl phosphate1,3-2磷酸甘油1,3—bisphosphoglycerate氨甲酰磷酸carbamyl phosphate酰基腺苷酸acyl adenylate氨酰腺苷酸aminoacyl adenylate焦磷酸Pyrophosphate二磷酸腺苷adenosine diphosphate磷酸烯醇式丙酮phosphoenolpyruvate 酰基辅酶A acyl coenzyme A果糖-6-磷酸fructose 6-phosphate辅酶Qcoenzyme-Q腺苷三磷酸adenosine triphosphate磷酸精氨酸phosphoarginine甘油-3磷酸glycerol 3—Phosphate腺苷酸激酶adenylate kinase糖代谢(glycometabolism)糖酵解glycolysis/Embden MeyerhofParnas葡糖—6-磷酸glucosamine-6-phosphate葡糖-6-磷酸内酯6-phosphogluconolactone内酯酶lactonase核酮糖-5-磷酸ribulose—5—diphophate葡糖—6-磷酸脱氢酶6—phosphogluconate dehydrogenase葡糖酸-6-磷酸6—phosphogluconate脱支酶debranching enzyme糖原合酶glycogen synthase糖原引物primer发酵fermentation己糖激酶hexokinase醛缩酶aldolase尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖( uridine diphosphate glucose , UDPG )磷酸葡萄糖异构酶glucosephosphate isomerase磷酸果糖激酶phosphofructokinase磷酸丙糖异构酶triosephosphofructokinase磷酸甘油酸激酶phosphoglycerate kinase磷酸甘油酸变位酶phosphoglyceromutase烯醇化酶enolase丙酮酸激酶pyruvate kinase乳酸脱氢酶lactate dehydrogenase丙酮酸脱羧酶pyruvate decaboxylase 乙醇脱氢酶alcohol dehydrogenase二羟丙酮磷酸dihydroxyacetone phosphate甘油醛—3—磷酸glyceraldehyde-3—phosphate3-磷酸甘油酸3—phosphoglycerate丙酮酸pyruvate果糖—2,6-二磷酸fructose2,6-bisphosphate五碳糖磷酸途径pentose phosphate pathway果糖激酶fructokinase果糖-1-磷酸醛缩酶fructose-1—phosphate aldolase甘油醛激酶glyceraldehyde kinase甘油激酶glycerol kinase半乳糖galactose半乳糖激酶galactolinase半乳糖出醇galactitol丙酮酸脱氢酶复合体pyruvatedehydrogenase complex磷酸甘露糖异构酶phosphomannose isomerase硫胺素焦磷酸thiamine pyrophosphate 硫辛酰胺lipoamide黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸flavin adenine dinucleotide二氢硫辛酰转乙酰基酶dihydrolipoyl transacetylase二氢硫辛酸脱氢酶dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase柠檬酸合酶citrate synthase乌头酸酶aconitase异柠檬酸脱氢酶isocitrate dehydrogenase琥珀酰-CoA合成酶succinyl—CoA synthetase琥珀酸脱氢酶succinate dehydrogenase 延胡索酸酶fumarase苹果酸脱氢酶malate dehydrogenase草酰乙酸oxaloacetate异柠檬酸裂解酶isocitate lyase 丙酮酸羧化酶pyruvate carboxylase戊糖磷酸途径pentose phosphate pathway己糖单磷酸途径hexose monophosphate pathway戊糖磷酸循环pentose phosphate cycle 磷酸戊糖酸phosphopentonic acid磷酸己糖酸phosphohexonic acid景天庚酮糖sedoheptulose核糖ribose脱氧核糖deoxyribose核酮糖ribulose磷酸葡糖酸氧化途径phosphogluconate oxidative pathway核酮糖-5-磷酸ribulose—5—phosphate 核糖—5-磷酸ribose-5—phosphate木酮糖—5—磷酸xylulose—5—phosphate转醛酶transaldolase葡糖异生gluconeogenesisUDP-葡糖焦磷酸化酶UDP—glucose pyrophosphorylase乙醛酸途径glyoxylate pathway异柠檬酸裂合酶isocitrate lyase苹果酸合酶malate synthase糖原的降解glycogen breakdown糖原磷酸化酶glycogen phosphorylase 糖原脱支酶glycogen debranching enzyme磷酸葡萄糖变位酶phosphoglucomutase 糖原合酶glycogen synthase糖原分支酶glycogen branching enzyme 丙酮酸脱氢酶组分pyruvate dehydrogenase component磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenaseα—酮戊二酸脱氢酶复合体α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex脂代谢(lipometabolism)硫酯键thioester link脂酰辅酶A合酶acyl—CoA脂肪酸硫激酶1 fatty acid thiokinase脂酰腺苷酸混合酸酐acyladenylate mixed andydride无机焦磷酸酶inorganic pyrophosphatase肉碱carnitine肉碱-脂酰转移酶Ιcaunitine acyltransferaseΙ肉碱移位酶carnitine translocaseN-苯乙酰甘氨酸phenylaceturic acid N—苯甲酰甘氨酸hippuric acidβ-羟酰—ACP脱水酶β—hydrdoxyacyl-ACP dehydraseβ-氧化β-oxidation活化activation氧化oxidation水合hydration断裂cleavage硫激酶thiokinase脂酰—CoA合酶acyl CoA synthase烯酰-CoA水合酶enoyl CoA hydratase β—酮硫解酶β-keto—thiolase电子传递黄素蛋白electron—transfer flavoprotein泛醌氧化还原酶ubiquinone oxidoreductase烯酰-CoA异构酶isomerase甲基丙二酰—CoA消旋酶methylmalonyl-CoA racemase甲基丙二酰-CoA变位酶methylmalonyl-CoA mutase单加氧酶monooxygenase酮体ketone body乙酰乙酸acetoacetateHMG—CoA裂解酶HMG—CoA lyase 丙二酰—CoA malonyl-CoA生物素羧化酶biotin carboxylase转羧酶trans carboxylase生物胞素biocytin酰基载体蛋白acyl carrier protein磷酸泛醌巯基乙胺phosphopantetheine 硫辛酰赖氨酸臂lipoyl lysine arm软脂酰-ACP硫脂酶palmitoy—ACP thioesteraseβ-酮酰—ACP合酶β-ACP—ketoacyl-ACP synthase缩合condensation还原reductionβ-酮酰ACP还原酶β—toacylACP reductase 脱水dehydration烯酰—ACP还原酶enyl-ACP reductase 软脂酰-ACP硫酯酶palmitoyl thioesterase脂肪酰—CoA去饱和酶fatty acyl-CoA desaturase亚油酸linoleic acid亚麻酸linoleuic acid必需脂肪酸essential fatty acid混合功能氧化酶mixed—function oxidase脂酰甘油acyl glycerols甘油—3-磷酸glucerol 3-phosphate磷脂酸phosphatidic甘油磷脂glycerophospholipids磷脂酰乙醇胺phosphatidylethanolamine磷脂酰甘油phosphatidyl glycerol二磷脂酰甘油diphosphatidyl glycerol CDP—二脂酰甘油CDP-diacylglycerol 5’—胞苷二磷酸cytidine diphosphate 尿苷二磷酸uridine diphosphate共底物cosubstrate二羟丙酮磷酸dihydroxyacetone phosphate鞘磷脂sphingolipids鞘糖脂glycosphingolipid缩醛磷脂plasmalogen胆固醇cholesterol类固醇steroids类固醇激素steroid hormines胆汁酸bile acids 麦角固醇ergosterol甲羟戊酸mevalonic acid蛋白磷酸酶proteinphosphatases三羧酸转运体系tricarboxylate transport systemD—β-羟丁酸脱氢酶D-β—hudoxybutyrate dehydogenase丙二酸单酰-CoA-ACP转酰酶malonyl—CoA—ACP transacetylase蛋白质代谢(protein metabolism)细胞溶胶cytosolically组织蛋白酶cathepsins抗蛋白酶antipain泛肽ubiguitin泛肽-蛋白连接酶ubiquitin-protein ligase多胺polyamine鸟氨酸脱羧酶ornithine decarboxylase丝氨酸脱氢酶serine dehydrogenase色氨酸氧化酶tryptophan oxygenase 酪氨酸氨基转移酶tyrosin aminotransferase 氨基转移酶aminotrandferase氧化脱氨基作用oxidative deamination 吡哆醛—5’-磷酸pyridoxal—5'—phosphate吡哆醇pyridoxine吡哆醛磷酸pyridoxal phosphate吡哆胺磷酸pyridoxamine phosphate 醛亚胺aldimine腺苷代琥珀酸adenylosuccinate转氨酶transaminase联合脱氨基作用transdeamination神经递质neurotransmitter酪胺tyramine谷氨酰胺合成酶glutamine synthetase 尿素循环urea cycle鸟氨酸ornithine瓜氨酸citrulline精氨酸酶arginase氨甲酰磷酸合成酶carbamoyl phosphate synthetase鸟氨酸转氨甲酰酶prnithine transcarbamoylase精氨琥珀酸酶argininosuccinase精氨琥珀酸合成酶argininosuccinate SynthetaseN-乙酰谷氨酸合酶N-acetylglutamate synthase丝氨酸转羟甲基酶serine transhydroxymethylase丝氨酸—苏氨酸脱水酶serine-threonine dehydratase苏氨酸醛缩酶threonine aldolase乙醛acetaldehyde氨基丙酮aminoacetone半光氨酸脱巯基酶cysteine desulfhydrase 苯丙氨酸氢化酶phenylalanine hydoxylase酵母氨酸sacharopine组氨酸氨裂合酶higtidine ammonia lyase尿苷酸水合酶urocanate hydratase谷氨酸转甲亚氨酶glutamate transformiminase天冬酰胺酶asparaginase天冬氨酸氨裂解酶aspartate ammonia lyase生酮氨基酸ketogenic amino acids生糖氨基酸glucogenic amino acids亚氨甲酰谷氨酸N—formimino glutamate酪氨酸酶tyrosinase多巴胺dopamine核糖体ribosome遗传密码genetic code三联体triplet染色体外基因extrachromosomal gene转录初产物primary transcript添加appending修饰modification异构化isomerization拼接splicing编辑editing再编码recoding断裂基因interrupted gene选择性拼接alternative splicing同源体isoform错义突变missense mutation无义突变mimsense mutation核糖体移码ribosomal frame shifting 移码突变frame—shift mutation重叠基因overlapping genes同义密码子syninymous codon反密码子anticodon密码子coden简并性degeneracy变偶性wobble蛋白质生物合成protein biosynthesis 无细胞体系cell-free system多聚核糖体polysome读码框架reading frame 起始密码start codon终止密码stop codon核糖体结合位点ribosome-binding site 核糖体进入部位ribosome entry site胸腺嘧啶核糖核苷ribothymidine假尿嘧啶核苷pseudouridine校正基因suppressor gene回复突变reverse mutation起始因子initiation factor延长因子dlongation factor肽酰转移酶peptidyl transferse转肽transpeptidation移位translocation释放因子release factors核糖体释放因子ribosome releasing factor位移translational frameshifting翻译跳跃translational jumping信号肽序列signal or leader sequence 信号肽signal sequence信号肽酶signal peptidase信号识别体signa recognition particle,SRP停泊蛋白docking protein翻译后运输posttranslationlal transport 多肽链结合蛋白polypeptide binding proteins 终止因子termination factor磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸所激酶phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase核酸代谢(nucleic acid metabolism)核酸内切酶endonuclease核酸外切酶exonuclease核苷酶nucleosidase核苷磷酸化酶nucleoside phosphorylase核苷水解酶nucleoside hydrolase腺嘌呤脱氨酶adenine deaminase腺嘌呤核苷脱氨酶adenosine deaminase鸟嘌呤脱氨酶guanine deaminase尿酸氧化酶utate oxidase5—磷酸核糖焦磷酸5—phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate磷酸核糖焦磷激酶phosphoribosyl pyrophosphokinase5-磷酸核糖胺5—phosphoribosylamine 5-氨基咪唑核苷酸5—aminoimidazole ribotide 磷酸核糖焦磷酸转酰氨酶phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate transamidase甘氨酰胺核苷酸glycinamide ribotide 甘氨酰胺核苷酸合成酶glycinamide rihotide synthetase甘氨酰胺核苷酸转甲酰基酶glycinamide ribotide transformylas甲酰甘氨脒核苷酸合成酶formylglycinamidine ribotide synthetase 氨基咪唑核苷酸合成酶aminoimidazole ribotide synthetase腺苷酸琥珀酸裂解酶adenylosuccinate lyase氨基咪唑核苷酸羧化酶aminoinidazole ribotide carboixylase腺苷酸琥珀酸合成酶adenylosuccinate synthetase次黄嘌呤核苷酸脱氢酶inosine—5—phosphate dehydrogenase 鸟嘌呤核苷酸合成酶guanylate synthetase磷酸核糖转移酶phosphoribosyl transferase乳清苷酸orotidine—5’-phoshate氨甲酰磷酸合成酶carbamyl phosphate synthetase全酶holoenzyme天冬氨酸转氨甲酰酶aspartate carbamyl transferase二氢乳清酸酶dihydroorotase二氢乳清酸脱氢酶dihydroorotate dehydrogenase乳清苷酸焦磷酸化酶orotidylic acid pyrophosphorylase乳清苷酸脱羧酶orotidylic acid decarboxylase尿嘧啶核苷酸激酶uridine-5'—phosphate kinase核苷二磷酸激酶mucleoside diphosphokinase复制replication转录transcription 翻译translation三联体密码triplet code模板template逆转录reverse transcription逆转录酶reverse transcriptase逆转录病毒retrovirus自我复制self—replication半保留复制semiconservative replication拓扑学topology复制子replicon起点origin终点terminus转化子transformant反向重复inverted repeatsDNA聚合酶DNA polymerase取代环displacement loop核小体nucleosome信息大分子informational macromolecule指令instruction促突变因子mutator抗突变因子antimutator修复机制reair mechanism复制酶replicase核心酶core enzymeDNA连接酶DNA ligase冈崎片断Okazaki fragment顺反子cistron半不连续复制semidisontinuous replication前导链leading strand滞后链lagging strand引物合成酶primase拓扑异构体topological isomers拓扑异构酶topoisomerase切口封闭酶nick—closing enzyme旋转酶gyrase连锁体catenane解螺旋酶helicase解链蛋白unwinding protein复制体replisome引发体primosome前引发体preprimosome终止区terminus region 自主复制序列autonomously replicating sequence起点识别复合物origin recognition complex端粒telomere端粒酶telomerase复制许可因子replication licensing factor错配修复mismatch repair直接修复direct repair切除修复excision repair易错修复error—prone repair光复活修复photoreactivation repair暗修复dark repair光复活修复酶photoreactivating enzyme碱基切除修复base-excision repair核苷酸切除修复mucleotide—excision repair切除酶excinuclease辅蛋白酶coprotease性导sexduction转导transduction接合conjugation转化transformation细胞融合cell fusion受体细胞recipient cell附加体episome转座因子transposable element 转座子transposon转座酶transposase解离酶resolvaseRNA聚合酶RNA polymerase 全保留方式conservative mode 时序调控temporal regulation 适应调控adaptive regulation 操纵子结构模型operon structural model调节基因regulatory gene操纵基因operator阻遏蛋白repressor protein内含子intron外显子extron调节子regulon协同调节cooperative regulation激活蛋白activator整合酶integrase增强子enhanser终止子terminator多聚腺苷酸聚合酶polyadenylation细胞代谢调节和基因表达调控(cellular metabolism regulation and gene expression regulation and control)构造单元buliding block前馈feedforward反馈feedback一价/单价反馈抑制monovalent feedback inhibition 二价或多价反馈抑制divalent or multivalent feedback inhibition管家基因housekeeping genes组成型表达constitutive expression可调型表达regulated expression乳糖操纵子模型lac operon model启动子premotor操纵基因operator酶诱导enzyme induction酶阻遏enzyme repression辅阻遏物corepressor阻遏物蛋白aporepressor降解物基因活化蛋白catabolite gene activation protein衰减子attenuator上游控制元件upstream control静默子silencer锌指zinc finger亮氨酸拉链leucine zipper重组体recombinant分子克隆molecular cloning蛋白质工程protein engineering限制性核酸内切酶restricton endonuclease同尾酶isocaudamers 同裂酶isoschizomers回文结构palindrome质粒plasmid载体vector分子重排rearrangement基因文库genomic library多联体concatemer脂质体liposome可调基因regulated genes基因枪gene gun菌落形成单位colony forming unit筛选screening原位杂交in situ bybridization基因组测序genomic sequencing基因定位诱变site—directed mutagenesis包涵体inclusion body整合质粒yeast integrating plasmid基因治疗gene therapy聚合酶链式反应polymerase chain reaction, PCR。

常用脂肪酸和氨基酸中英文名称对照

常用脂肪酸和氨基酸中英文名称对照
花生四烯酸甲酯(顺-5,8,11,14-二十碳四烯酸甲酯)
C23:0
二十三烷酸甲酯
C22:2
顺-13,16-二十二碳二烯酸甲酯
C24:0
木蜡酸甲酯(二十四烷酸甲酯)
C20:5
顺-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸甲酯
C24:1
神经酸甲酯(二十四碳烯酸甲酯)
C22:6ns
顺-4,7,10,13,16,1
C14:1
肉豆蔻脑酸甲酯(9-十四碳烯酸甲酯)
C15:0
十五烷酸甲酯
C15:1
顺-10-十五碳烯酸甲酯
C16:0
棕榈酸甲酯(十六烷酸甲酯)
C16:1
棕榈烯酸甲酯(9-十六碳烯酸甲酯)
C17:0
十七烷酸甲酯
C17:1
顺-10-十七碳烯酸甲酯
C18:0
十八烷酸甲酯硬脂酸甲酯
常用脂肪酸和氨基酸中英文名称对照
tyr
色氨酸
gly
甘氨酸
phe
苯丙氨酸
met
甲硫氨酸(蛋氨酸)
leu
亮氨酸
arg
精氨酸
pro
脯氨酸
lys
赖氨酸
gln
谷氨酰胺
glu
谷氨酸
asn
天门冬酰胺
ile
异亮氨酸
asp
天门冬氨酸
val
缬氨酸
his
组氨酸
ser
丝氨酸
ala
丙氨酸
thr
苏氨酸
cys
半胱氨酸
trp
色氨酸
C18:3n3
α-亚麻酸甲酯
C21:0
二十一烷酸甲酯
C20:2
顺-11,14-二十碳二烯酸甲酯

(整理)化学试剂英汉对照.

(整理)化学试剂英汉对照.

化学试剂中英文对照A abamectin 阿维菌素acarbose 阿卡(波)糖acetic acid 醋酸 , 乙酸acetic acid glacial 冰醋酸acetic anhydride 醋酸酐 , 无水醋酸N-acetoacetamide N-丁间酮酰苯胺aceto acet anilide N-乙酰乙酰苯胺aceto butyrolactone 乙酰丁内酯acetone 丙酮acetonitrile 乙腈acetophenone 乙酰苯 , 苯乙酮2-(acetoxymethyl)-4-(benzyloxy)butyl acetate 乙酰丁基乙酸酯acetyl chloride 乙酰氯acetyl choline Iodide 乙酰胆碱碘N-acetyl-L-glutamine N-乙酰基-L-谷氨酸acetyl hexapeptide-3 乙酰基六角缩氨酸-3, 六缩氨酸乙酸酯2-acetylthiophene 2-乙酰噻吩acid black 酸性黑acid blue 酸性蓝acid brown 酸性棕acid dyes 酸性染料acid green 酸性绿acidified copper sulphate 酸化硫酸铜acid orange 酸性橙acid red 酸性红acid yellow 酸性黄acrylamide 丙烯酰胺acrylate monomer 丙烯酸酯单体acrylic acid(esterification grade) 丙烯酸(酯化级)acrylic resin 丙烯酸树脂acrylonitrile 丙烯腈acryloyl chloride 烯丙酰氯activated carbon 活性炭acyclovir 阿昔洛韦adipic acid 脂肪酸Aectaminophin(Aspirin) 阿斯匹林agar 琼脂 D-alanine D-丙氨酸DL-alanine DL-丙氨酸albendazole 阿苯哒唑aldehyde 乙醛alkali refined linseed oil 精炼亚麻子油alkyd resin 醇酸树脂alkyl benzene 烷基苯alkyl bromide 烷基溴alkyl benzene sulfonic acid 烷基苯磺酸alkyl benzene sulphonic acid 线性苯磺酸allethrin 亚列宁/丙烯菊酯allyl alcohol 烯丙醇allyl bromide 烯丙基溴allyl chloride 烯丙基氯5-alpha androstenediol cypionate 5α-雄烯二醇环戊丙酸酯alpha cypermethrin a-氯氰菊酯alpha methyl furfuryl alcohol a-甲基糠醇alpha Naphthol a-萘酚alprazolam 阿普唑仑Aluminium chloride 氯化铝Aluminium chloride anhydrous 无水氯化铝Aluminium fluoride 氟化铝Aluminium foil 铝箔Aluminium hydroxide 氢氧化铝Aluminium ingot 铝锭Aluminium oxide 氧化铝Aluminium phosphide 磷酸铝Aluminium polychloride 多氯化铝Aluminium sulfate 硫酸铝Aluminium sulphate 硫酸铝Aluminium trichloride 三氯化铝Aluminium tristearate micronized sterile 三硬脂酸铝ametryn 莠灭净amiloride HCl 盐酸氨洛林amine corrosion inhibitors 胺阻蚀剂3-amino acetophenone 3-氨基苯乙酮amino acid 氨基酸2-amino benzaldehyde 2-氨基苯甲醛S-(+)-2-amino-1-butanol S-(+)-2-氨基-1-丁醇L(-)2-aminobutyric acid L(-)2-氨基丁酸L(+)-2-aminobutyric acid L(+)-2-氨基丁酸2-amino-4-chlorodiphenylamine 2-氨基-4-氯二苯胺3-amino-2-chloropyridine 3-氨-2-氯嘧啶5-amino-2-cyano benzotrifluoride 5-氨基-2-氰基三氟甲苯2-amino-3-cyano-5-methyl thiophene 2-氨基-3-氰基-5-甲基噻吩2-amino-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidine 2-氨基-4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil 6-氨基-1,3双甲基尿嘧啶o-amino diphenylsulfone 邻氨基二苯酚2-amino-5-fluorobenzoic acid 2-氨基-5-氟代甲基苯酸amino guandine HCl 盐酸氨基胍6-aminohexan -1-ol 6-氨基己烷-1-醇2-amino-2-(hydroxy methyl)-1,3,propane diol 噻苯咪唑5-amino isophthalic acid 5-氨基间苯二甲酸3-amino-4-methoxy acetanilide 3-氨基-4-甲氧基乙酰苯胺3-amino-5-methoxyisoxazole 3-氨基-5-甲氧基异恶唑2-amino -5-methyl pyridne 2-氨基-5-甲基吡啶3- amino- 4 -methyl pyridine 3-氨基-4-甲基吡啶2-amino-5-methyl thiazole 2-氨基5-甲基噻唑1- amino- 7- naphthol 1-氨基-7-萘酚2-amino-4-nitrophenol 2-氨基-4-硝基苯酚2-amino-5-nirto phenol 2-氨基-5-硝基苯酚4-amino phenol 4-氨基苯酚aminophylline anhydrous 无水氨茶碱2-amino-1,3-propanediol 2-氨基-1,3-丙二醇3-amino-1-pyrazole 3-氨基-1-吡唑4-amino pyridine 4-氨基吡啶3-aminoquinoline 氨基喹啉4- amino 1,2,4 –triazole 4-氨基苯三唑amitraz 双甲眯ammonium bicarbonate 碳酸氢铵 , 重碳酸铵ammonium bifluopide 氟化氢铵ammonium bi-fluoride 双氟化铵ammonium bisulfite 亚硫酸胺ammonium bisulfite 56% solution 亚硫酸铵56%溶液ammonium chloride 氯化铵ammonium chromate 鉻酸銨ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 磷酸二氢铵ammonium formate 甲酸铵ammonium heptamolybdate 铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵ammonium molybdate 钼酸铵ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵 , 硝铵ammonium nitrate prilled 颗粒状硝酸铵ammonium persulfate 过硫酸铵ammonium sulfate (fertilizer ) 硫酸铵(肥料)ammonium sulphate 硫酸铵ammonium thiocyanate 硫氰酸铵amoxicillin 羟氨苄青霉素amoxycillin 阿莫西林ampicillin 氨比西林,氨苄青霉素ampicillin trihydrate 三水苄青霉素ampicillin trihydrate micronized 微粉化三水苄青霉素amprolium HCl 盐酸安普罗铵amyl acetate 乙酸戊酯amyl alcohol 戊基analgin 安乃近anethole 茴香脑anhydride maleic 马来酸酐anhydrous Ferric chloride 无水氯化铁aniline oil 苯胺油anion exchange resin 阴离子交换树脂anionic softener 软化剂anthraquinone 蒽醌anthranilic acid 邻氨基苯甲酸antibiotics 抗生素anti foam 消泡剂antimony metal 金属锑antimony oxide 氧化锑antimony triacetate 三醋酸锑antimony trichloride 三氯化锑antimony trioxide 三氧化二锑antimony trisulfide 三硫化二锑antioxidant 硬化防止剂 , 抗氧化剂antipyrine 安替比林antistatic agent 抗静电剂6-APA 6-氨基头孢菌素arginine 精氨酸aromatic plasticizer 芳香型可塑剂Arsenic trioxide 三氧化二砷 , 砒霜artesunate 青蒿琥酯ascorbic acid (vitamin C) 抗坏血酸(维生素C) ascorbic acid plain 维C片ascorbyl palmitate 维生素C棕榈酸酯L-asparagine L-天冬酰胺aspartame powder 阿斯巴甜DL-aspartic acid Dl-天门冬氨酸Aspirin(Aectaminophin) 阿斯匹林atactic polypropylene 不规则聚丙烯Atenolol 阿替洛尔attapulgite 凹凸棒7-azaindole 7-吖吲哚azelaic acid 壬二酸azelastine HCl 盐酸氮斯汀Bbactericides 杀菌剂Barium carbonate 碳酸钡Barium carbonate precipitated 沉淀碳酸钡Barium chloride 氯化钡Barium hydroxide 氢氧化钡Barium nitrate 硝酸钡Barium sulfate 硫酸钡Barium sulpate precipitated 磺胺钡barite 重晶石barite coarse ground 重晶石粗矿basil oil 罗勒油benazepril hydrochloride 酸贝那普利bentonite 膨润土benzalacetone 苯亚甲基丙酮benzaldehyde 苯甲醛benzene 苯benzhexol HCl 盐酸苯海索benzoic acid 安息香酸 , 苯甲酸benzoin 安息香胶benzophenone 苯甲酮1,2,3-benzotriazole 1,2,3-苯并三唑benzyl acetate 醋酸苄酯benzyl alcohol 苄醇 , 苯甲醇benzylamine 苄胺benzyl benzoate 苯(甲)酸苄酯benzyl bromide 溴苄benzyl chloride 氯苄benzyl isocyanate 异氰酸苄酯N-benzyl maleimide N-苯基马来酰亚胺benzylpenicillin sodium 青霉素钠benzylpenicillin sodium salt 青霉素钠1-benzyl-4-piperidone 1-苯甲基-4-哌啶酮8-benzyl theophylline 8-苄基茶碱beta carotene ß-胡罗卜素beta carotene powder β-胡萝卜素粉末betaine 甜菜碱betamethasone base 倍他米松betamethasone 1,7-valerate 倍他米松戊酸盐beta naphthol β-萘酚 BHA 2,3-丁基-4-羟基茴香醚bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐bi-oriented polypropylene films 双取向聚丙烯薄膜biotin 生物素4,4' –biphenyldialdehyde 4,4'-二醛联苯bisacodyl 比沙可啶N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)methylamine N,N-二(3-氨丙基)甲胺bisphenol 双酚bisphenol A 双酚A bitumen 沥青bleaching powder 漂白粉blue Silica gel 蓝硅胶BOPP film BOPP薄膜borax 硼砂borax decahydrate 十水硼砂borax pentahydrate 五水硼砂boric acid 硼酸brass forge 黄铜锭brodifacoum 塔隆bromadiolone 溴敌鼠Bromine 溴4- bromo benzaldehyde 4-溴苯甲醛p-bromo benzonitrile 对溴氰苯1-bromo-3-chloropropane 1-溴-3-氯丙烷bromodi chloroacetic acid 溴氯乙酸2-bromo ethyl benzene 2-溴乙苯bromodiphenylmethane 溴联苯甲烷2-bromoethyl benzene 2-溴乙基苯1-bromohexane 1-溴己烷6-bromo-2-hydroxynaphthalene 6-溴-2-羟基萘4-bromo mandelic acid 4-溴扁桃酸3-bromo methyl heptane 3-溴甲基庚烷5-bromo-2-methyl pyridine 5-溴-2-甲基嘧啶2-bromopentane 2-溴戊酮4-bromophenol 4-溴苯酚4-bromo phenyl acetic acid 4-溴苯基乙酸4-bromo phenylphenol 4-溴苯基苯酚5-bromophthalide 三溴硝基甲烷2-bromopropionic acid 2-溴丙酸2-bromo propionic acid methyl ester 2-溴丙酸甲酯2-bromopyridine-n-oxide 溴安替比林4-bromo-styrene 4-溴苯乙烯N-bromosuccinimide N-溴琥珀酰亚胺3-bromo thiophene 3-溴噻吩3-bromotoluene 3-溴甲苯bronopol 溴硝丙二醇brown pigment 氧化铁棕butachlor technical 丁草胺1,4-butanediol 1,4-丁二醇1, 4-butanedisulfonic acid 1,4-丁二磺酰1,4-butane sultone 1,4-丁磺酸内酯butanol 丁醇 N-butanol 正丁醇N-butyl acetate N-丁基醋酸butyl acetate 丁基醋酸盐butyl acrylate 丙烯酸丁酯butyl acrylate monomer 丙烯酸丁酯单体n-butyl amine 正丁胺butyleacetate 醋酸丁酯2-butylphenyl-n-methylcarbamate 2-丁苯基-N-甲基氨基甲酸酯butyl rubber 丁基橡胶butyltin trichloride 三氯丁锡butyl triglycol ether 丁基三甘醇醚butynediol 丁炔二醇butyric acid 丁酸n-butyronitrile 正丁腈butyryl chloride 丁基氯CCaCl2-powder 氯化钙粉calamine 炉甘石cacined petroleum coke 石油焦(炭)cadmium chloride 氯化镉cadmium chloride powder 氯化镉粉cadmium nitrate 硝酸镉cadmium oxide 氧化镉cadmium powder 镉粉cadmium sulfide powder 硫化镉粉cadmium sulphate 硫酸镉cadmium telluride powder 锑化镉粉cadmium metal 镉合金caffein anhydrous 无水咖啡因caffeine 咖啡因Calcium ascorbate 抗坏血酸钙Calcium carbide 碳化钙 , 电石Calcium carbonate 碳酸钙Calcium chloride 氯化钙Calcium chloride anhydrous 无水氯化钙Calcium cyanide 氰化钙Calcium gluconate 葡萄糖酸钙Calcium hydroxide 氢氧化钙Calcium hypochlorite 次氯酸钙Calcium lactate 乳酸钙Calcium metal 金属钙Calcium nitrate 硝酸钙Calcium resinate 树脂酸钙Calcium stearate 硬脂酸钙Calcium thiocyanate 硫代硫酸钙camphor 樟脑camphoric aldehyde 樟脑醛ca. phosphate dibasic 二盐基磷酸钙captan 克菌丹Captopril 卡托普利 , 巯甲丙脯氨酸的商品名carbadox 卡巴多司carbamzepine 卡马西平carbaryl 甲萘威carbendazim 多菌灵carbidopa 卡比多巴carbofuran 呋喃丹carboplatin 卡铂carbon black 碳黑carbon disulphide 二硫化碳carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳carbosulfan 丁硫克百威carboxin 萎锈灵carboxymethyl cellulose 羧甲基纤维素car paints 车用油漆carvacrol 香芹酚D- carvone D-香芹酮cascorbic acid 抗坏血酸维生素casein 干酪素castor oil 蓖麻油castor oil refined grade 精练蓖麻油catalyst 催化剂catharanthine 长春碱cationic dyes 阳离子染料cationic green melachite 碱性孔雀绿cationic softner 酸性柔软剂caustic soda 苛性钠 , 烧碱 , 苛性苏打 , 固碱 , 氢氧化钠caustic soda flakes 苛性苏打薄片 , 片碱caustic soda liquid 液碱caustic soda prills 苛性碱颗粒cefixime micronized 头孢克肟cefoperazone 头孢哌酮钠cefoxitin sodium salt 头孢西丁钠盐cefprozil 头孢丙烯ceftazidime 头孢他啶ceftriaxone 头孢曲松cellulose 纤维素α-cellulose α-纤维素cellulose acetate 醋酸纤维素cellulose acetate soluble 可溶性醋酸纤维素centrifugal pumps 离心泵cephalexin 头孢氨苄cephalexin monohydrate 头孢氨苄cerium oxide 氧化铈cesium carbonate 碳酸锶cetrimide 溴棕三甲胺cetyl alcohol 十六烷醇chitosan 壳聚糖chloral hydrate 水合氯醛chloramphenicol 氯霉素chloramphenicol levo 左旋氯霉素chloramphenicol palmitate 氯霉素棕榈酸酯 , 棕榈酸氯霉素chlordiazepoxide(base) fine powder 利眠宁chlorhexadine 双氯苯双胍己烷葡(萄)糖酸盐chlorinated paraffin 氯化石蜡chlorinated polypropylene 氯化聚丙烯chlorine 液氯chloro alkyl phenyl urea condensate 氯化甲基苯基尿素m-chloro aniline 间氯苯胺 4-chloroaniline 4-氯苯胺 4-chloro benzotrifluoride 4-氯三氟甲苯 p-chloro benzo trifluoride 对氯三氟甲苯 3-chloro benzyl cyanide 3-氯苯甲基氰化物 4-chloro butyryl chloride 4-氯丁基氯 chlorocyclohexane 氯基环己烷2-chloro-4,6-dimethyl pyrimidine 2-氯-4,6-二甲基吡啶 2-chloroethano 2-氯乙醇 2- chloroethyl amine hydrochloride 2-氯乙烯盐酸胺 2-chloro ethyl benzene 2-氯乙苯N-(2-chloroethyl)-methanesulfonamide N-(2-氯乙烯)-甲烷磺胺 2-chloro-6-fluoro benzaldehyde 2-氯-6-氟苯甲醛 5-chloro-2-fluorobenzoic acid 5-氯-2-氟苯甲酸chloroform 氯仿 4-chloro metanilic acid 对氯间氨基苯磺酸 chloro methyl pivalate 新戊酸氯甲酯 4-(chloromethyl) pyridine hydrochloride 4-(氯甲基)盐酸吡啶1-(chloromethyl) naphthalene 1-(氯甲基)萘 2-chloro nicotinic acid 2-氯烟酸5-chloro nicotinic acid 5-氯烟酸 p-chloro-o-nitroaniline p-氯-0-硝基苯胺2-chloro-4-nitroaniline 2-氯-4硝基苯胺 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzene sulfonyl chloride 4-氯-3-硝基苯磺酰氯 4-chloro-2-nitro phenol 4-氯-2-硝基苯酚 2-chloro-5-nitro pyridine 2-氯-5-硝基吡啶 3-chloro ortho xylene 3-氯邻二甲苯 chlorophacinone 氯鼠酮 4-chloro phenacyl bromide 4-氯苯酰甲基溴 4-chloro-1,2-phenylene diamine 4-氯-1,2-苯二胺 2-chlorophenyl glycine 2-氯苯基氨基乙酸 3-chlorophthalic anhydride3-氯邻苯二甲酸酐 4-chlorophthalic anhydride 4-氯邻苯二甲酸酐3-chloro-1,2-propanediol 3-氯-1,2-丙二醇 2-chloro pyridine 2-氯吡啶 chloroquine phosphate 磷酸氯喹 chlorotetracyaline HCl 盐酸金霉素 chlorothalonil 百菌清3-chlorotoluene 3-氯甲苯 4-chlorotoluene 对氯甲苯 chloroxylenol 氯二甲苯酚4-chloro-3,5-xylenol 4-氯-3,5-二甲苯酚 chlorpheniramine maleate 扑尔敏chlorpyrifos 毒死蜱 chlorquine phosphate 磷酸氯代对苯二酚 chlortetracycline HCl 氯四环素盐酸 , 氯四环素 , 金霉素盐酸盐 cholic acid 胆酸 choline chloride 氯化胆碱 chondroitin sulfate (Bovine) 硫酸软骨素 , 软骨素 Chrome flour 铬粉 Chrome green 铅铬绿 Chrome metal powder 铬合金 Chrome oxide green 氧化铬绿 Chromic acid 三价铬酸 , 铬酸 Chromium oxide gree 氧化铬绿 Chromyl chloride 铬酰氯 cilastatin 西司他丁 cimetidine 甲氰咪胍 , 甲腈咪胍 cimitidine 西米替丁 ciprofloxacin 环丙沙星 ciprofloxacin base 环丙沙星 ciprofloxacin HCl 环丙沙星盐酸 ciprofloxacin lactate 乳酸环丙沙星注射液 cis -2,6-dimethyl morpholine 反-2,6-二甲基吗啉cisplatin 顺铂 C.I. Sulphur Blue 7 硫化兰7号 , 硫磺 C.I. Sulphur Brown 10 硫化褐 10号 citicoline sodium 胞(二)磷胆碱钠 citral 柠檬醛 citric acid 柠檬酸citric acid anhydrous 无水柠檬酸 citric acid monohydrate 一水柠檬酸 citronella oil 香茅油 clarithromycin 克拉霉素 clavulanic potassium 克拉维酸钾 clidinium bromide 溴奎环二苯酯 clindamycin HCl 盐酸氯洁霉素 closantel base 氯氰柳胺 clove oil 丁香油 cloxacillin 邻氯青霉素 CMC 羧甲基纤维素 cnidium monnier 蛇床 coaltar 煤焦油 cobalt acetate 醋酸钴 cobalt carbonate 碳酸钴 cobalt chloride 氯化钴cobalt hydroxide 氢氧化钴 cobalt nitrate 硝酸钴 cobalt nitrate crystals/flakes 硝酸钴晶体/薄片 cobalt oxide 氧化钴 cobaltpowder 钴粉 cobalt salts 金属钴盐cobalt sulphate 硫酸钴 cocoa powder 可可粉 coconut fatty oil 椰子油 coenzyme Q10 辅酶 Q10 colistine sulfate 硫酸粘杆菌素 2,3,5-collidine 2,3,5-三甲基吡啶 copper carbonate 碳酸铜 copper oxide(black) 氧化铜(黑色) copper oxychloride 氧氯化铜copper pipe 铜管 copper powder 铜粉 copper sulphate (feed grade) 硫酸铜(食品级)corn starch 玉米淀粉 corrosion and scale inhibitor 腐蚀和污垢沉淀抑制剂cotrimoxazole 复方新诺明 cotton cellulose 棉纤维素 creatinine 肌氨酸酐P-cresidine P- 3-氨基对甲苯甲醚 m-cresol 间甲酚 o-cresol 邻甲酚 p-cresol 对甲酚O-cresolphthaleine O-甲酚酞 crude iodide 粗碘 crude naphthalene 粗萘 cryolite 冰晶石 crystal violite 结晶紫 cumene 枯烯 cupric oxide 氧化铜 cyanamide 氨腈cyanocobalamin 氰钴维生素, 维生素B12 cyanogens bromide 溴化氰 5-cyano indole 5-氰基吲哚 2-cyano-4-nitro aniline 2-氰基-4-硝基苯胺 2- cyano toluene 2-氰基甲苯Cyanox 1790 杀螟晴 cyanuric chloride 氰尿酰氯 cycloheptanone 环庚酮 cyclohexane 环己烷 1,3-cyclohexanedione 1,3-环己二酮 cyclohexanone 环己酮 cycloheximide 环己酰亚胺 cyclo hexyle amine 环己胺 cyclo hexyl mandelic acid 环己基扁桃酸cyclopentadiene 环戊二烯 cyclopentanemethanol 环戊醇 cyclopentolate HCl 盐酸环戊酮 cyclopropanoyl chloride 氯环丙烷 cyclopropylmetyl bromide 环丙基溴甲烷 , 环丙基溴 cyclopropyl methyl ketone 环丙基甲基酮 cycloserine 环丝氨酸cypermethrin 氯氰菊酯 cystamine HCl 盐酸半胱胺 D-cysteine D-半胱氨酸 L-cysteine L-半胱氨酸 L-cysteine HCl anhydrous 半胱氨酸蛋白酶 L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate L-一水一羟基巯基丙氨酸 cytochrome C 细胞色素C cytosine 阿糖胞苷 , 胞嘧啶 D DAA 双丙酮丙烯酰胺 DAP 邻苯二甲酸二烷酯 DBDPO 十溴代二苯醚 DBP 二丁基邻苯二甲酸盐 d.calcium pantothenate usp/ip 泛酸钙 DCDA 双氰胺 D.D.V.P 敌敌畏 DEA 二乙醇胺 decabromodiphynly oxide 十溴二苯醚 N-decylamine hydrochloride 盐酸正癸胺 DEET 避蚊胺 defoamer 消泡剂 deltamethrin 溴氰菊酯 dense soda ash 重质苏打灰deodorized ethanol 乙醇 dessicated coconut powder 干椰子粉 detergents 清洁剂dethanolomine 二乙醇胺 dexamethasone 地塞米松 dexamethasone base 地塞米松 , 氟美松 dextrose 葡萄糖 , 右旋糖 dextrose anhydrous 无水葡萄糖 dextrose monmhydrate 水合葡萄糖 , 一水葡萄糖 N.N'-diacetyl benzidine 联乙醯对二氨基联苯3,4-diamino benzenemethanol 3,4-二氨基苯甲醇 2,5-diamino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine 2,5-二氨基-4,6-二氯嘧啶 4,4'-diamino diphenyl ether 4,4’-二氨基二苯醚diaminomaleonitrile 二氨基马来腈 1,3-diaminopyridine 1,3-二氨基嘧啶2,3-diaminopyridine 2,3-二氨基嘧啶 , 2,3-二氨基吡啶 2,3-diamino toluene 2,3-二氨基甲苯 2,5-diamino toluene sulfate 2,5-二胺苯磺酸 diaveridine 二甲氧苄啶diazinon 二嗪农 di-basic calcium phosphate anhydrous 无水二盐基磷酸钙 dibenzoyl peroxide paste 过氧化双苯甲酰 L-(-) di benzoyl tartaric acid L-(-) 二苯甲酰酒石酸 dibenzyl disulfide 二苄(化)二硫 9,10- dibromo anthracene 9,10-二溴蒽2,3-dibromopropionaldehyde 2,3-二溴丙醛 2,6-dibromo pyridine 2,6-二溴吡啶dibucaine 辛*** dibutyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 , 邻苯二甲酸盐 dicalcium phosphate ( feed grade) DCP 磷酸二钙(饲料等级) dichlone 三氯萘醌 dichloride normal butanol 二氯丁醇 3,5-dichloro-4-amino acetophenone 3,5-二氯-4-氨基苯甲酮 3,5-dichloro-3-aminopyridine 3,5-二氯-3-氨基嘧啶 2,4-dichloro aniline 2,4-二氯苯胺 dichloro benzene 二氯苯 o- dichlorobenzene 邻二氯苯 P-dichlorobenzene 对二氯苯 2,3-dichloro benzoic acid 2,3-二氯苯甲酸 2,6-dichloro benzonitrile 2,6-二氯氰苯 3,5-dichloro benzoyl chloride 3,5-二氯苯甲酰氯 2,4-dichloro benzyl chloride 2,4-二氯氯苄 1,2-dichloro ethane 1,2-二氯乙烷 dichloroisocyanuric acid 二氯异氰尿酸 2,4- dichloro phenol 2,4-二氯苯酚 2,3-dichloro-1-propanol 2,3-二氯-1-丙醇 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoro acetophenone 2,4-二氯-5-氟苯乙酮 dichloro meta xylenol(DCMX) 二氯间二甲苯酚 2,3-dichloro nitro benzene 2,3-二氯硝基苯2,6-dichloro-3-nitropyridine 2,6-二氯-3-硝基吡啶 2,5- dichloro phenol 2,5-二氯苯酚 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸 dichloro tetrafluoroethane 二氯五氟乙烷 2,4-dichloro tolune 2,4-二氯甲苯 3,4-dichloro trifluoro methyl benzene 3,4-二氯三氟甲基苯 diclofenac potassium 双氯芬酸钾 diclofenac sodium 双氯芬酸钠 diclofop-methyl 禾草灵 dicumyl peroxide 过氧化二枯基 , 过氧化双苯异丙基 dicyandiamide (DCDA) 双氰胺 , 氰基胍 , 二氰二胺 , 二氨腈4,5-dicyanoimidazole 4,5-二氰基咪唑 dicyclo hexyl keton 双环己基dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) 二环戊二烯 didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 二癸基二甲基氯化铵 diesel 柴油机 diethanolamine(DEA) 二乙醇胺 diethyl aniline 二乙基苯胺 N,N-diethyl benzamide N,N-二乙基苯甲酰胺 1,2-diethoxy benzene 1,2-双乙氧基苯 2,6- diethylaniline (DEA) 2,6-二乙基苯胺 2-diethylaminoethane thiol 2-二乙基氨基乙基硫醇 3-diethylamino-propane-1,2-diol 3-乙氨基-丙烷-1,2醇 2,6- diethyl aniline 2,6-二乙基苯胺 diethyl chloro phosphate 氯代磷酸二甲酯 diethylene glycol 二甘醇 , 二乙二醇 diethylene triamine 二次乙基三胺 diethyl ethylmalonate 二乙基丙二酸乙酯 diethyl malonate 二乙基丙二酸 di ethyl oxalate 草酸二乙酯 diethyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二乙酯 o,o-diethylthiophosphoryl chloride 二乙基硫代磷酰氯3,4-difluoro benzonitrile 3,4-二氟苯腈 2,6-difluoro benzyl alcohol 2,6-二氟苄醇 3,4-difluorobromobenzene 3,4-二氟溴苯 4-difluoromethoxy benzoic acid 4-二氟甲氧基安息香酸 2,4-difluoro nitrobenzene 2,4-二氟硝基苯 2,2-difluoro nitrophenol 2,2-二氟硝基酚 2,6-difluorophenol 2,6-二氟苯酚 2,3-dihydrofuran 2,3-二羟基呋喃 3,5-dihydroxy acetophenone 3,5-二羟基苯乙酮 dihydroxy benzaldehyde 二羟基苯甲醛 3,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid 3,5-二羟基苯甲酸 dihydroxyflavone 二羟黄酮2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene 2,6-二羟基萘 dihydroxyrcene 二羟基月桂烯dihydroxyrcenol 二羟基月桂烯醇 2, 6-dihydroxytoluene 2,6-二羟基甲苯 1,3- di imino iso indoline 1,3-二亚氨基异吲哚 1,4-diiodobenzene 1,4-二碘苯 4,4-diiodo biphenyl 联苯 diisobutylene 二异丁烯 diisobutyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) 酞酸二异癸酯 diisonoyl phthalate (DINP) 邻苯二甲酸di-isopropyl amine 二异丙胺 diisopropyl azodicarboxylate 偶氮二异丁腈2,6-diisopropylphenol 2,6-二异丙基苯酚 2,4- dinitrophenol 2,4-二硝基酚dimethenamid-P 噻吩草胺-P dimethoate 乐果 dimethomorph 烯酰吗啉 2,5-dimethoxy aniline 2,5-二甲氧基苯胺 1,2-dimethoxybenzene 1,2-二甲氧基苯 2,5- dimethoxy- 4- chloro aniline 2,5-二羟基对氯苯胺 1,2- dimethoxy ethane 1,2-二甲氧基乙烷2,6-dimethoxynaphthalene 2,6-二甲氧基萘 4,4- dimethoxy trityl chloride 4,4-二甲氧基三苯甲基氯 N,N-dimethyl acetamide N,N-二甲基乙酰胺 3-dimethylaminobenzoic acid 3-二甲基氨基安息香酸 di methyl amino cinnamaldehyde 二甲基氨基肉桂醛dimethylamino pyridine 二甲氨基吡啶 dimethyl aniline 二甲基苯胺 N,N-dimethyl aniline N,N-二甲基苯胺 dimethyl carbonate 碳酸二甲酯 dimethyl carbonyl chloride 二甲基碳酰氯 1,2-dimethyl cyclohexane 1,2-二甲基环己烷 dimethyl cyclohexyl amine二甲基环己胺 1,3-dimethyl -4,5-diamino uracil 1,3-二甲基-4,5-二氨基尿嘧啶dimethyl dichloro Silane 硅烷 dimethyl disulfide 二甲基二硫醚 dimethyl formamide(DMF) 二甲基甲酰胺 N, N-dimethylglycine N,N-二甲基糖胶 , N,N-二甲基氨基乙酸 dimethyl malonate 丙二酸二甲酯 dimethyl phosphite 亚磷酸二甲酯2,6-dimethylpiperazine 2,6-二甲基哌嗪 dimethyl-p-toluidine 二甲基对甲苯胺2,3-dimethyl pyridine 2,3-二甲基吡啶 dimethyl sulphide 二甲基硫 , 硫酸二甲酯dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) 二甲基亚砜 dimethyl terephthalate 对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯dimth acrylic acid 二甲基丙二烯 2,6-dinitroaniline 2,6-二硝基苯胺 2,4 –dinitro- 6- bromo aniline 2,4-二硝基-6-溴苯胺 dinitro salicylic acid 亚乙基二硝胺2,6-dinitro toluene 2,6-二硝基甲苯 di octyle phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二辛酯dipentene 二戊烯 dipentine 松油精 diphacinone 敌鼠 diphenhydramine 苯海拉明diphenhydramine HCl 盐酸苯海拉明 diphenylamine 二苯胺 diphenyl oxide 二苯醚dipyridamole 双嘧达莫 direct black 直接黑 direct black dyes 直接黑染料 direct blue 直接蓝 direct red 直接红 disodium salt 二钠盐 dispersant 分散剂 disperse black 分散黑 disperse blue 分散蓝 disperse brown 分散棕 disperse dyes 分散染料disperse green 分散绿 disperse navy blue 分散深蓝 disperse orange 分散橘红 , 分散橙 disperse red 分散红 disperse violet 分散紫 disperse yellow 分散黄dispersing agent for printing inks 印刷油墨分散剂 dispersing agents 分散剂disulfuram 二硫龙 di-tert-butyl dicarbonate 二碳酸二叔丁酯3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene 3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基甲苯 2,6-di-tert-butyl phenol 2,6-二叔丁基苯酚 di-tert butyl pyrocarbonate 焦碳酸二叔丁酯2,2'-dithiobis(benzothiazole) 苯并噻唑 diuron 敌草隆 diverdine 敌菌净diverdine HCl 盐酸敌菌净 DL tartaric acid DL酒石酸 dmpat 精酰胺 docusate sodium 多库脂钠/琥珀辛酯钠 dodemorph acetate 吗菌灵醋酸盐 domperidone maleate 马来酸多潘立酮 DOP 邻苯二甲酸二辛酯 dopamine HCl 盐酸多巴胺 dopamine hydrochloride 盐酸多巴胺 doxepin intermediates 多虑平中间体 doxorubicin 阿霉素 doxorubicin HCl 盐酸阿霉素 doxycycline 强力霉素 doxycycline HCl 盐酸强力霉素 doxycycline hydrochloride 盐酸强力霉素 d.panthenol usp/ip 泛酰醇 drilling detergent 钻井清洗剂 drous calcium chloride 氯化钙 dydrogesterone 炔诺酮 dyes and intermediates 染料和中间体 dyes yellow X-GL 染料黄X-GL E ebastine 依巴斯汀 EDC hydrochloride 盐酸二氯乙烷 edible lactose 食用乳糖 EDTA disodium 乙二胺四乙酸二钠 EDTA tetra sodium EDTA四钠盐 epichlorohydine 表氯醇 epoxy resin 环氧树脂 epoxy resin for powder coatings 粉末涂料用环氧树脂 EPS 可发性聚苯乙烯 emery grains 金刚玉 EMME 乙氧基亚甲基丙二酸酯 emuisifier 乳化剂 endosulfan 硫丹 enrofloxacin base 恩诺沙星 , 恩诺沙星碱 enzyme 酶 EPDM rubber 三元乙丙橡胶 eplerenone 依普利酮 erbium oxide 氧化铒 ergocalciferol 钙化醇 erythromycin estolate 酸酐 erythromycinstearate 硬脂酸盐 erythormycin thiocyanate 硫氰酸盐 esbiothrin 菊酯 ethambutol 乙胺丁醇 ethanol 乙醇 ethene diamine 乙二胺 ethionamide 乙硫异烟胺 ethisterone 脱水羟基孕酮 ethoxy benzene 乙氧基苯 2 -ethoxy benzoic acid 2-乙氧基安息香酸1-ethoxy-2-propanol 1-乙氧基-2-丙醇 ethyl acetate 乙酸乙酯 , 醋酸乙酯 ethyl acetoacetate 乙基乙酰乙酸 ethyl acrylate 丙烯酸乙脂 ethyl-3-amino crotonate 3-氨基巴豆酸乙酯 ethyl benzene 乙苯 ethyl benzoate 苯甲酸乙酯 ethyl-4-bromo butyrate 4-溴丁酸乙酯 ethyl -4-bromo crotonate 溴碳酸乙酯 2-ethyl-1-bromo hexane 2-乙基-1-溴-乙烷 ethyl cellulose 乙基纤维素 ethyl chloro acetate 氯乙酸乙酯ethyl-2-chloro propionate 2-氯丙酸乙酯 ethyl cyano acetate 乙烷深蓝醋酸盐ethyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzoate 3,4-二羟基苯甲酸乙酯 ethylene 乙烯 ethylene dibromide 二溴乙烯 ethylene dichloride 二氯乙烯 ethylene glycol 乙二醇乙醚ethylene vinyl acetate 乙烯乙烯醋酸共聚物 , 乙烯醋酸乙烯酯 2-ethyl haxanol 2-乙基己醇 2 –ethyl hexylacetate 2-乙基乙酸己酯 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate 2-乙基丙烯酸己酯 2- ethyl hexylamine 2-乙基己胺 ethyl indole-2-carboxylate 吲哚-2-羧酸乙酯 ethyl mercaptan 乙硫醇 1-ethyl-2-mercapto benzimidazole 1-乙基-2巯基苯噻唑N-ethyl methylamine N-乙基甲胺 N-ethyl-N-methyl carbamoyl chloride N-乙基-N-甲基氨基甲酰氯 ethyl oleate 油酸乙酯 2-ethyl phenyl hydrazine 2-乙基苯肼 ethyl silicate 硅酸乙酯 ethyl succinyl chloride 乙基琥珀酰氯 ethylthio chloroformate 乙基硫代氯甲酸酯 ethyl thio phenol 乙二醇 etracycline HCl 四环素 etoposide 依托泊苷 eucalyptol 桉油精 eucalyptus oil 桉树油 eugenol 丁子香酚 EVA 乙烯乙烯醋酸共聚物 EVA copolymer 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物 F famotidine 法莫替丁 feldspar 长石felodipine 非洛地平 fenitrothion 杀螟硫磷 fennel terpene 小茴香萜烯 fenoxycarb 苯醚威 fenpropathrin 甲氰菊酯 fenthion 倍硫磷 Ferrochrome lignosulphonate 木素磺化铬铁 Ferrous bromide 溴化铁 Ferric ammonium citrate 柠檬酸胺铁 Ferric chloride 氯化铁 Ferric chloride solution 氯化铁溶液 Ferrosilicon 硅铁(合金) Ferrous fumerate 丁烯二酸铁 Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 七水硫酸亚铁 Ferrous sulphate 硫酸亚铁 fertilizer 肥料 fine naphthalene 萘 flame retardants 阻燃剂flow improvers 流动改进剂 fludarabine 氟达拉滨 flumazenil 氟马西尼 flumequin 氟甲喹 9-fluorenone-2-carboxylic acid 2-羧基-9-芴酮 2-fluoro aniline 2-氟苯胺fluorobenzen 氟苯 3-fluorobenzoic acid 3-氟安息香酸 p-fluoro bromo benzene 对氟溴苯 4-fluoro-4-chlror benzophenone 4-氟-4-氯苯甲酮 fluorometholone 氟米龙5-fluoro-2-methylindole 5-氟-2-甲基吲哚 1-fluoronaphthalene 氟萘 fluorspar acid 氟酸 fluorspar powder 氟石粉 flush pigment 发光颜料 flutamide 氟他胺fluvoxamine maleate 马来酸氟伏沙明 fmoc-osu 9-芴甲基-N-琥珀酰亚胺基碳酸酯foaming agent 发泡剂 folic acid 叶酸 food additives 食品添加剂 foots oil 脚子油formaldehyde 甲醛 formamide 甲酰胺 formic acid 蚁酸 , 甲酸 fosfomycin calcium磷霉素钙 Freon 氟利昂 fructose 果糖 fuel 燃料 fuel oil 燃料油 fully & semi refined paraffin wax 全精炼/半精炼石蜡 fumaric acid 反丁烯二酸 furaltadone 呋喃他酮 furan-2-boronic acid 呋喃-2-硼酸 furazolidone 呋喃唑酮 furfural 糠醛furfuryl alcohol 糠醇 2-furoyl chloride 2-呋喃甲酰氯 fusidc acid 梭链孢酸fusidic acid sodium (sodium fusidate) 梭链孢酸钠 G gallium metal pure 金属镓gamma-butyrolactone 丁内酯 gas / liquid chlorinator 加氯器 gatifloxacin 加替沙星 gelatin 凝胶 gelatin powder 凝胶粉末 gelatine(bovine)白明胶 gentamicn sulphate 硫酸庆大霉素 , 硫酸金他霉素 gentamycin sulphate sterile 硫酸庆大霉素geraniol 香叶醇 geranium oil 天竺葵油 geranyl acetate 乙酸香叶酯 geranyl formate 甲酸香叶酯 gibberellic acid 赤霉酸 glacial acetic acid 冰醋酸 gliclazide 格列齐特 D-glucamine D-葡萄胺 gluconic acid 葡(萄)糖酸 glucono delta lactone 葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯 glucosamine HCL 氨基葡(萄)糖盐酸 glucosamine sulfate potassium 氨基葡萄糖硫酸钾 glucosamine sulphate 硫酸葡糖胺 glucose 葡萄糖 glufosinate ammonium 草胺磷 L-glutamic acid 谷氨酸 L-glutamic acid sodium salt 谷氨酸钠L-glutamine L-谷酰胺 , L-谷氨酸 glutaraldehyde(Pharm. grade) 戊二醛(医药级) glutaric acid 戊二酸 glutaric dialdehyde 戊二醛 glycerine 甘油 glycerine crude 甘油 glycerol 甘油 glyceryl monostearate 单硬脂酸甘油酯 R-glycidol R-缩水甘油R(-)glycidyl butyrate 缩水丁酸甘油 glycinamide 甘氨酰胺 glycine 氨基乙酸 , 甘氨酸 glycol 乙二醇 glycolic acid 乙醇酸 glyoxal 乙二醛 glyoxal bis (2-hydroxyanil) 乙二醛-双(2-羟基缩苯胺) glyoxylic acid 乙醛酸 glyphosate 草甘磷 grapefruit extract 柚子树挤出液 graphite 石墨 graphite powder 石墨粉 griseofulvin 灰黄霉素guanidine carbonate 碳酸胍 guanidine sulfamate 氨基磺酸胍 guar gum 瓜尔胶 gum rosin 松香树脂 , 松香 gutaldehyde 戊二醛 gum turpentine oil 松节油 H H acid H酸HDPE 高密度聚乙烯 HDPE film HDPE薄膜 heliotropin 洋茉莉醛 hematite (Fe203) 赤铁 , 赤铁矿 hesperidin 橘皮苷 hexachlorobenzene (C6Cl6) 六氯苯hexachlorobutadiene 六氯丁二烯 hexachloro-1,3-butadiene 1,3-丁二烯 hexa methylene diamine 六亚甲基二胺 hexamethyleneimine 环已亚胺 hexamine 四氮六甲圜 , 乌洛托品,环六亚甲基四胺 hexane 己烷 1,6-hexanediol 1,6-己二醇 N-hexanol 正己醇 hexyl bromide 1-溴己烷 N- hexyl bromide 正溴己烷 hexythiazox 尼索朗 hi temp mud stabiliser 高温泥浆稳定剂 homatropine methylbromide 二氧化钛homoharringtonine 高三尖杉酯碱 homomorpholine hydrochloride 氢氯化物 horse chestnut extr act 七叶树挤出液 H2S scavenger 硫化氢吸收剂 human insulin 胰岛素hyaluronic acid 质酸 hydrate Alumina 氢氧化铝 hydrated lime 熟石灰 phenobarpital 苯巴比通 phenol 苯酚 phenylacetic acid 苯乙酸 (S)-4-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone (S)-4-苯基-2-噁唑烷酮 phenyl propanolamine 苯基丙醇胺 phenol ice crystal 苯酚冰晶 phenol crystal 苯酚晶体 phenolic modified rosin ester 酚醛改性松香树脂phenolic resin 酚醛树脂 phenolphthalein 酚酞 phenol solid 固体苯酚 phenramine maleate 马来酸盐 D-phenyl alanine D-苯基丙氨酸 4-phenyl-1-butanol 4-苯基-1-丁醇4- phenyl butyric acid 4-苯基丁酸 phenyl chloro formate 氯甲酸苯酯 , 苯基氯甲酸酯 phenylephrine hydrochloride 盐酸去氧肾上腺素 O-phenylene diamine 邻苯二胺phenylhydrazine 苯肼 2- phenyl indole 2-苯基吲哚 (2r,3s)-3-phenylisoserine.HCl salt (2r,3s)-3-苯基异色氨酸盐酸盐 1-phenyl-5-mercapto tetrazole (PMT) 1-苯基-巯基四唑 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone 1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮 phloroglucinol 间苯三酚 phosphorescent pigment 磷光颜料 phosphoric acid 磷酸 phosphorus oxychloride 磷酰氯 phosphorous tribromide 三溴化磷 phosphorous trichloride 三氯化磷 phosphotungstate 磷钨酸盐酸 photosensitizers 光敏剂 o-phthalaldehyde 邻苯二醛 phthalamide 邻苯二酰胺 phthalic anhydride 邻苯二甲酸酐 phthalocyanine 酞化青染料 , 苯二甲蓝染料 phthalocyanine blue 酞菁蓝 phytic acid 肌醇六磷酸 picric acid 苦味酸 pig iron scrap 生铁片 pigment 颜料 pigment blue 颜料蓝 pigment brown 颜料棕 pigment green 颜料绿 pigment red 颜料红 pigment violet 颜料紫 pigment yellow 颜料黄β-pinene β-蒎烯 pipenzolate methyl bromide 溴化甲基哌羟苯酯piperazine 哌嗪 piperazine anhydrous 无水哌嗪 piperazine citrate 柠檬酸哌嗪piperazine hexahydrate 六水哌嗪 1-piperdino ethanol 乙醇 piperidine 派盯 2- piperidine carboxylic acid 2-哌啶羧酸 piperonyl butoxide 增效醚 pirimicarb 抗蚜威 piroxicam 吡罗昔康 pivalic acid 戊醛酸 , 三甲基乙酸 pivaloyl chloride 新戊酰氯 pivalyl chloride 新戊酰 plasticizers for printing inks 增塑剂 plastic pellet 塑料小球 plastic resin 塑料树脂 platinum oxide 氧化铂 PMIDA 双甘膦 PNT 对硝基甲苯 POE 聚氧化乙烯 polyacrylamide 聚丙烯酰胺 polyacrylate thickeners 聚丙烯酸增稠剂 poly alpha olefins (PAO) 聚a-烯烃 polyamide 聚酰胺 poly anionic cellulose 聚阴离子纤维素 poly anionic cellulose for oil drilling 多阴离子纤维素 poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride 二甲基聚乙烯 polyester chips 聚酯片 polyester fibres 聚酯纤维 polyester resin 聚酯 polyester staple fiber 聚酯短纤维 polyether polyol 多羟基聚醚 polyether PU and MDI 聚醚 poly ethylene 聚乙烯 polyethylene glycol-600 聚乙二醇600 polyethylene granules (LDPE & HDPE) 聚乙烯 polyethylene wax 聚乙烯蜡 polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate 聚甲烯化合物 poly mono alkyl ether 单烷基醚聚乙烯 polyol 多元醇 polypropylene (PP) 聚丙烯 poly urethane 聚氨酯poly-urethane foam agent 多聚氨酯泡沫 polyurethane resin 聚氨酯树脂 polyvidone 聚维酮 poly vinyl alcohol 聚乙烯醇 polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) floccule 聚乙烯醇絮状物 potash alum 碳酸钾铝 potassium acetate 醋酸钾 potassium borohydride 硼氢化钾potassium bromide 溴化钾 potassium carbonate 碳酸钾 potassium carbonate granules 粒状碳酸钾 potassium chlorate 氯酸钾 potassium chloride 氯化钾 potassium cyanate 氰酸钾 potassium ethoxide 乙醇钾 potassium ferrocyanide 氰亚铁酸钾 potassiumfluoride 氟化钾 potassium hexacyanoferrate 六氰高铁酸钾 potassium hexafluorophosphate 六氟磷酸钾 potassium hydroxide 氢氧化钾 potassium hydroquinone monosulphate 对苯二酚一硫酸钾 potassium iodine 碘化钾 potassium metal 金属钾 potassium nitrate 硝酸钾 potassium perchlorate 高氯酸钾 potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾 potassium perrhenate 高铼酸钾 potassium persulfate 过(二)硫酸钾 potassium phosphate 亚磷酸钾 potassium selenocyanate 硒氰酸钾 potassium sorbate 山梨酸钾 potassium sorbate granular white 山梨酸钾 potassium succinate 琥珀酸钾 potassium sulphate 硫酸钾 potassium thiotosylate 硫氰酸钾 potato starch 土豆淀粉 povidone(USP)聚乙烯吡咯酮,聚烯吡酮 povidone iodine 聚乙烯吡咯酮碘powdered graphite 石墨粉末 PP lamination 聚丙烯片 PP sheet for opp tape 聚丙烯薄膜 praseodimium oxide 氧化镨 praziquantel 吡喹酮 prednisolone 泼尼松prednisolone acetate 氢化泼尼松 procymidone 腐霉剂 progesterone 黄体酮proguanil hydrochloride 氯胍 L-proline L-脯氨酸 propamocarb 霜霉威 1,3–propanediamine 1,3-丙二胺 1,3-propane sultone 1,3-丙磺内酯 propanil 敌稗2-propanol 异丙醇 n-propanol 正丙醇 propargyl alcohol (PA) 炔丙醇 propionic acid 丙酸 propionyl chloride 丙酰氯 propiophenone 苯丙酮 propofol 丙泊酚 propoxur 残杀威 N-propyle bromide 溴丙烷 propylene 丙烯 propylene glycol 丙二醇 propylene oxide 氧化丙烯 protamine sulfate 硫酸鱼精蛋白 pure alcohol 纯酒精 pure aluminium silicate 硅酸铝 pure Silicon metal 金属硅 PVA 聚乙烯醇 PVA (PVOH) film 聚乙烯醇薄膜 PVA for sizing 胶料用聚乙烯醇 PVC compound 聚氯乙烯混合物 PVC paste 聚氯乙烯糊 PVC poweder & PVC scraps 聚氯乙烯粉状/废料 PVC resin 聚氯乙烯树脂 PVC resins for cable manufacturing 电缆用聚氯乙烯树脂 PVC resin (suspension) PVC树脂(悬浮)PVC sheets 聚氯乙烯片 PVP 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 pypogallol 焦棓酸 pyridaben 哒螨灵pyridine 吡啶 pyridine 2- aldehyde 嘧啶-2-乙醛 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid 2,3-吡啶二羧酸 pyridine N-oxide 氮-氧化吡啶 hydrazine dihydrochloride 盐酸肼hydrazine hydrate 水合肼 , 联氨 hydrobromic acid 氢溴酸 hydrochloride acid 盐酸hydrocortisone butyrate 氢化可的松丁酸盐 hydrofluoric acid 氢氟酸 hydrogenated bisphenol A 氢化双酚 A hydrogenated castor oil 氢化蓖麻油 hydrogen peroxide 双氧水 , 过氧化氢 hydrolyzed collagen powder 水解胶原质粉末 hydroquinone 对苯二酚hydro sulphite of soda 元明粉 1- hydroxy benzotriazole 羟基苯并三唑, 羟基连三氮茚 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole anhydrous 无水1-羟基-1,2,3-苯并三唑 3-hydroxy benzotrifluoride 3-羟基三氟甲苯 3-hydroxy butyric acid ethyl ester 3-羟基丁酸乙酯 4-hydroxy carbazole 对羟基咔唑 4-hydroxy coumarin 4-羟基香豆素 1-hydroxy cyclohexyl phenyl ketone 1-羟基环己基苯基酮 hydroxyethylcellulose 羟乙基纤维素5-hydroxy isophthalic acid 5-羟基间苯二甲酸 hydroxyl amine HCl 盐酸羟胺hydroxylamine hydrochloride 盐酸羟胺 hydroxylamine sulphate 硫酸羟胺 2-。

37种脂肪酸中英文对照

37种脂肪酸中英文对照

脂肪酸序号结构英文名中文名1 C4:0 Butryic acid 丁酸2 C6:0 Caproic acid 己酸3 C8:0 Caprylic acid 辛酸4 C10:0 Capric acid 癸酸5 C11:0 Undecanoic acid 十一烷酸6 C12:0 Lauric acid 月桂酸7 C13:0 Tridecanoic acid 十三烷酸8 C14:0 Myristic acid 肉豆蔻酸9 C14:1 Myristoleic acid 肉豆蔻烯酸10 C15:0 Pentadecanoic acid 十五烷酸11 C15:1 cis-10-Pentadecenoic acid 顺-10-十五烯酸12 C16:0 Palmitic acid (Hexadacanoic acid) 棕榈酸13 C16:1 Palmitoleic acid 棕榈油酸14 C17:0 Heptadecanoic acid 十七烷酸15 C17:1 cis-10-Heptadecenoic acid 顺-10-十七烯酸16 C18:0 Stearic acid (Octadecanoic acid) 硬脂酸17 C18:1n9c Oleic acid (Octadecenoic acid) 油酸18 C18:1n9t Elaidic acid 反油酸19 C18:2n6c Linoleic acid 亚油酸20 C18:2n6t Linolelaidic acid 反亚油酸21 C18:3n6 γ-Linolenic acid γ-亚油酸22 C18:3n3 α-Linolenic acid α-亚油酸23 C20:0 Arachidic acid 花生酸24 C20:1n9 cis-11-Eicosenoic acid 顺-11-二十烯酸25 C20:2 cis-11,14-Eicosadienoic acid 顺-11,,14-二十碳二烯酸26 C20:3n6 cis-8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid 顺-8,11,14-二十碳三烯酸27 C20:3n3 cis-11,14,17-Eicosatrienoic acid 顺-11,14,17-二十碳三烯酸28 C20:4n6 Arachidonic acid 花生四烯酸29 C20:5n3 cis-5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid 顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸30 C21:0 Henicosanoic acid 二十一碳酸31 C22:0 Behenic acid 山萮酸(二十二烷酸)32 C22:1n9 Erucic acid 芥酸33 C22:2 cis-13,16-Docosadienoic acid 顺-13,16-二十二碳二烯酸34 C22:6n3 cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic acid 顺式-4,7,10,13,16,19-二十二碳六烯酸35 C23:0 Tricosanoic acid 二十三酸36 C24:0 Lignoceric acid 二十四酸37 C24:1n9 Nervonic acid 神经酸。

常见营养词汇中英文对照表

常见营养词汇中英文对照表

中英文名词对照A烟曲霉A.fumigatus构巢曲霉A.nidulans模式曲霉A.nominus赭曲霉A.ochraceus寄生曲霉A.parasiticus杂色曲霉A.versicolor吸收剂量absorbed dose每日允许摄入量acceptable daily intake,ADI乙酰磺胺酸钾acesuffate potassium乙酰CoA acetyl CoA酸价acid value,AV酸度调节剂acidulating agent苯乙烯-丙烯腈-丁二烯共聚物acrylonitrile butadiene styrene,ABS苯乙烯与丙烯腈的共聚物acrylonitrile styrene,AS活性系数activity coefficient,AC急性爆发性脚气病acute beriberi生热作用adaptive thermogenesis腺苷酸环化酶adenylate cyclase适宜摄入量adequate intake,AI脂联素adiponectin青春发育期adolescence黄曲霉毒素B l Aflatoxin B l,AFB l丙氨酸alanine(Ala)白蛋白albumin尿黑酸尿症alcaptonuria酒精滥用alcohol abuse酒精依赖alcohol dependence,alcoholism糊粉层aleurone layer白细胞缺乏症alimentary toxic aleukia,ATA阿力甜alitame蒜素allicin蒜苷alliin蒜氨酸酶allinase全反式视黄醛all-trans retinalα-胡萝卜素alpha-carotene交链孢霉属Alternaria苋菜红amaranth美国糖尿病协会American Diabetes Association,ADA氨基酸amino acid氨基酸模式amino acid pattern氨基酸池amino acid pool氨基酸评分amino acid score,AAS氨基酸评分模式amino acid scoring pattern氨基咪唑氮杂芳烃ammo-imidazoaza-arenes,AIAs氨基咔啉amino-carbolines2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉2-amino-3-methylimidazo-[4,5-f]quinoline,IQ2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹噁啉2-amino-3- methylimidazo-[4,5-f]quinoxaline,IQx 支链淀粉amylopectin直链淀粉amylose抗神经炎素aneurin血管紧素原angiotensinogen抗生酮作用antiketogenesis抗氧化剂antioxidant口蹄疫aphtae epizooticae载脂蛋白E apolipoprotein E,ApoE表观消化率apparent digestibility阿拉伯胶arabic gum阿拉伯糖arabinose花生酸arachidic acid花生四烯酸arachidonic acid精氨酸arginine(Arg)节菱孢霉arthrinium芳烃羟化酶aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase,AHH抗坏血酸ascorbic acid,ascorbate天门冬酰胺asparagine(Asn)天门冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯(阿斯帕坦) aspartame天门冬氨酸aspartic acid(Asp)黄曲霉Aspergillus flavus黄曲霉毒素aspergillus flavus toxin,aflatoxin曲霉菌属Aspergillus Micheli动脉粥样硬化atherosclerosis,AS三磷酸腺苷adenosine triphosphate,ATP2-氨基芴2-aminofluoreneB芽胞杆菌属Bacillus蜡样芽胞杆菌bacillus cereus根底代率basal metabolic rate,BMR根底代basal metabolism,BM根底能量消耗basic energy expenditure,BEE贝可勒尔becquerel甜菜红beet red苯甲酸benzoic acid苯并芘benzopyrene脚气病Beriberiβ-胡萝卜素beta-caroteneβ-隐黄素beta-cryptoxanthin双黄酮类biflavonoids生物富集作用bioconcentration生物电阻抗分析bioelectrical impendence analysis生物价biological value,BV生物标志物biomarker生物素biotin眼结膜毕脱氏斑Bitot’s spots黑豆红black bean red漂白剂bleaching agent体质指数body mass index,BMI谷皮bran母乳breast milk布氏杆菌病brucellosis布鲁塞尔芽甘蓝Brussels sprouts奶油butter丁基羟基茴香醚butylated hydroxyanisole,BHA二丁基羟基甲苯butylated hydroxytoluene,BHT丁酸butyric acidC大肠弯曲菌C.coli胎儿弯曲菌胎儿亚种C.fetus,subsp fetus空肠弯曲菌C.jejuni降钙素calcitonin钙calcium钙结合蛋白质calcium-binding protein卡calorie,cal环磷酸腺苷cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP 菜油固醇campesterol弯曲菌campylobacter癌cancer罐头食品canned food斑蝥黄canthaxanthin癸酸capric acid己酸caproic acid辛酸caprylic acid辣椒红素capsanthin焦糖caramel缕子种籽caraway seeds碳水化合物carbohydrate碳水化合物反响元件carbohydrate response element 二氧化碳carbon dioxide羰基价carbonyl group value,CGV类胡萝卜素carotenoids红花黄carthamin yellow香芹酮carvone酪蛋白casein儿茶素catechin细胞视黄醛结合蛋白Ⅱcellular retinal binding protein typeⅡ,CRBP-Ⅱ纤维素cellulose环磷酸鸟苷cyclic guanosine monophosphate,cGMP化学评分chemical score叶绿素chlorophyll胆钙化醇cholecalciferol胆固醇cholesterol胆固醇酯cholesterol ester铬chromium乳糜微粒chylomicron,CM糜蛋白酶chymotrypsin顺式调控元件cis-acting element顺式脂肪酸cis-fatty acid柠檬酸循环citric acid cycle柑桔油citrus oil芽枝霉属Cladosporium梭状芽孢杆菌属Clostridium肉毒梭菌clostridium botulinum产气荚膜梭菌clostridium perfringens二十二碳五烯酸(鲦鱼酸) clupanodonic acid钴cobalt操作规codes of practice食品法典codex食品法典委员会Codex Alimentarius mission,CAC食品添加剂和污染物法典委员会Codex mittee on Food Additives and Contaminants,CCFAC 冷链cold chain大肠菌群coliform group菌落形成单位colony forming unit,cfu着色剂colour护色剂colour fixative商业杀菌mercial sterilization膳食和安康委员会mittee on Diet and Health食品化学品法典委员会mittee on Food Chemicals Codex社区营养munity nutrition竞争受体结合试验petitive receptor binding assay蛋白质互补作用plementary action成分混合ponent blending计算机控制的断层扫描puterized tomographic scans炼乳condensed milk条件必需氨基酸conditionally essential amino acid先天畸形congenital malformation眼结膜印迹细胞学法conjunctival impression cytology,CIC方便食品convenience food铜copper纠偏措施corrective action皮质醇cortisol库仑coulomb越桔红cowberry red关键控制措施critical control measure关键控制点critical control point,CCP关键限值critical limits酸奶cultured milk氰化甙cyanogenic glycosides环磷酰胺cyclophosphamide半胱氨酸cysteine(Cys)胱氨酸cystine细胞色素P450酶系cytochrome P450s,CYPβ-胡萝卜素-15,15′-二加氧酶β-carotene-15,15′-dioxygenase D大豆甙daidzein7,4′-二羟基异黄酮daidzin暗适应dark adaptationD值decimal reduction time脱氢醋酸dehydroacetic acid痴呆dementia脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇deoxynivalenol,DON脱氧核糖deoxyribose皮炎dermatitis糊精dextrin糖尿病diabetes mellitus,DM二醋酸藨草镰刀菌烯醇diacetoxyscirpenol,DAS二烯丙基-硫化物diallyl sulfide腹泻diarrhea双对氯苯基二氯乙烷dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane,DDD双对氯苯基乙烯dichlorodiphenyl ethylene,DDE双对氯苯基三氯乙烷dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane,DDT膳食纤维dietary fiber膳食叶酸当量dietary folate equivalence,DFE膳食指南或称膳食指导方针dietary guideline膳食营养素参考摄入量dietary reference intakes,DRIs消化率digestibility二甲基苯并蒽dimethylbenzanthracene二噁偀dioxin2肽dipeptide直接测热法direct calorimetry直接重复序列1 direct repeat-1,Dr-1双糖disaccharide5′-鸟苷酸二钠disodium-5'-guanylate5′-肌苷酸二钠disodium-5'-inosinate二萜烯diterpene肠憩室病diverticulosisDL-丙氨酸DL-alanine脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid,DNADNA结合构造域DNA-binding domainDNA结合蛋白DNA-binding protein二十二碳六烯酸docosahexenoic acid,DHA基因供体donor organism剂量当量dose equivalent干性脚气病dry beriberi干浸dry infusion双能X线dual-energy X-ray2,4-二氯酚2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid,2,4-D8-氧-7,8-二氢-2-脱氧鸟苷8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-desoxyguanosineE大肠埃希菌E.coli反油酸elaidic acid元素elements胚芽embryo肽链切酶endopeptidase胚乳endosperm增强子enhancer肠杆菌属Enterobacter肠抑胃素enterogestrone肠出血性大肠埃希菌Enterohemorrhagic E.coli,EHEC肠侵袭性大肠埃希菌Enteroinvasive E.coli,EJEC肠致病性大肠埃希菌Enteropathogenic E.coli,EPEC肠产毒性大肠埃希菌Enterotoxigenic E.coli,TEC酶制剂enzyme preparation麦角钙化醇ergocalciferol麦角固醇ergosterol芥子酸erucic acid猪丹毒erysipelas suum红细胞谷胱甘肽复原酶活性系数erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient,EGRAC 红细胞转酮酶活性系数erythrocyte transketolase activity coefficient,E-TKAC赤鲜糖醇erythtitol埃希菌属Escherichia必需氨基酸essential amino acid必需脂肪酸essential fatty acid,EFA估计平均需要量estimated average requirement,EAR雌激素estrogen真菌Eumycetes淡炼乳evaporated milk猪水泡病exanthema vesiculosa suum摄入量评估exposure assessment照射量exposure dose12,13-环氧单端孢霉烯族化合物12,13-epoxytrichothecenesF禾谷镰刀菌F.graminearum雪腐镰刀菌F.nivale粉红镰刀菌F.roseum拟枝孢镰刀菌F.sporotrichioides三线镰刀菌F.tricinctum要因加算法factorial method去脂体质fat free mass,FFM脂肪替代产品fat substitutes脂肪酸fatty acid脂肪酸合成酶fatty acid synthetase,FAS脂肪酸结合蛋白fatty acid-binding protein,FABP铁蛋白ferritin纤维fiber平酸腐败flat-sour spoilage胀气因子flatus-producing factor黄烷醇类flavanols二氢黄酮及二氢黄酮醇类flavanones and flavanonols黄酮类化合物flavonoids黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸flavin adenine dinucleotide,FAD黄素单核苷酸flavin mononucleotide,FMN黄杆菌属Flavobacterium黄素激酶flavokinase黄酮及黄酮醇类flavones and flavonols黄素蛋白flavoprotein增味剂flavour enhancer亚麻flax氟fluorine叶酸folic acid食品添加剂food additives世界粮农组织Food and Agriculture Organization,FAO食品药品管理局Food and Drug Administration,FDA食品化学品法典Food Chemicals Codex,FCC食品药品化装品法Food Drug and Cosmetic Act食品强化food fortification食品辐照food irradiation食物中毒food poisioning食品腐败变质food spoilage食源性疾病foodborne disease转基因食品food from genetically modified organisms,GMO food 污染食品的杂物foreign material亚胺甲基谷氨酸formiminoglutamic acid,FIGLU调制奶粉formula milk powder游离脂肪酸free fatty acid自由基free radicals果糖fructose伏马菌素fumonisin半知菌纲Fungi imperfecti杀(真)菌剂fungicide镰刀菌属Fusarium link梨孢镰刀菌Fusarium poaeG半乳聚糖galactosan半乳糖galactose半乳糖醛酸galacturonic acidγ-胡萝卜素gamma-carotene基因工程技术gene engineering基因多态性gene polymorphismGRAS物质general recognized as safe染料木黄酮genistein5,7,4'-三羟基异黄酮genistin鼻疽glanders河豚globefish球蛋白globulin葡萄糖二胺glucarates糖原异生作用gluconeogenesis葡萄糖glucose葡萄糖耐量因子glucose tolerance factor,GTF葡萄糖/胰岛素反响元件glucose/insulin response element,GIRE 芥子油甙glucosinolates葡萄糖醛酸glucuronic acid葡萄糖苷酸glucuronide谷氨酸glutamic acid(Glu)谷氨酰胺glutamine(Gln)谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶glutathione peroxidase,GSH—Px谷胱甘肽-S转移酶glutathione S-transferase,GST谷蛋白glutelin血糖指数glycemic index,GI甘油单月桂酸酯glycerol monolaurate氨基乙酸glycin甘氨酸glycine(Gly)配糖碱glycoalkaloids糖原glycogen甘油水解酶glycohydrolase甘草glycyrrhiza良好农业生产工艺good agricultural practice良好卫生规good hygienic practice,GHP良好生产规good manufacturing practice,GMP棉酚gossypol戈瑞gray,Gy鸟苷酸环化酶guanylate cyclase瓜拉胶guar gum污染物指导性水平guideline levels for contaminants指南guidelines树胶gumγ-谷氨酰羧基肽酶γ-glutamyl carboxypeptidase半乳糖醛酸多聚体β-1,4-D-galacturonic acid polymersH嗜盐杆菌属Halobacterium嗜盐球菌属Halococcus皮褶卡钳Harpenden危害hazard危害分析关键控制点hazard analysis critical control points,HACCP危害特征的描述hazard characterization危害的识别hazard identification年龄别身高height for age半纤维素hemicellulose含铁血黄素hemosiderin肝增强因子hepatic enriched factor,HNF-4肝核因子hepatic nuclear factor肝α-生育酚转移蛋白hepatic α-tocopherol transfer Protein,α-TTP除草剂herbicide杂环胺heterocyclic amines高密度脂蛋白high-density lipoprotein,HDL组胺histamine组氨酸histidine(His)基因受体host organism,host recipient人绒毛膜促性腺激素human chorionic gonadotropin,HCG人绒毛膜生长素human chorionic somatomammotropin,HCS囊虫病hydatid disease欧共体儿童保护组织hyperactive children’s support group,HACSG 高胡萝卜素血症hyper-carotenemia高脂血症hyperlipidemia3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A,HMG-CoAI理想体重ideal weightIGF结合蛋白3 IGF binding protein 3,IGFBP3先天代性缺陷inborn errors of metabolism收入弹性ine elasticity营养质量指数index of nutrition quality,INQ靛蓝indigo carmine间接测热法indirect calorimetry吲哚-3-甲醇indole-3-carbinol吲哚indole肌醇inositol杀(昆)虫剂insecticide不溶性纤维insoluble fiber快速食品instant food胰岛素依赖型糖尿病insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,IDDM胰岛素样生长因子insulin-like growth factor,IGF个体间差异inter-individual variability白细胞介素-6 interleukin-6,IL-6白细胞介素-8 interleukin-8,IL-8细胞融合internalization国际辐射单位测量委员会International mission of Radiation Units and Measurements,ICRU国际数据系统international numbering system,INS碘iodine喹啉类IQ喹噁啉类IQx铁iron缺铁性贫血期iron deficiency anemia,IDA 红细胞生成缺铁期iron deficiency erythropoiesis,IDE铁减少期iron deficiency store,ID铁调节蛋白iron regulatory protein,IRP 铁反响元件iron responsive element,IRE辐照食品irradiated food异黄酮isoflavones异黄酮及二氢异黄酮类isoflavones and isoflavanones异亮氨酸isoleucine(Ile)异麦芽醇isomaltitol异硫氰酸盐isothiocyanates同位素isotopeJ焦耳joule,J少年期juvenileK神奈川Kanagawa酮血症ketosis千卡kilocalorie,kcalorie,kcal千焦耳kilojoule,kJ微量凯氏定氮法KjeldahlL乳糖醇lactitol乳白蛋白lactoalbumin乳杆菌属Lactobacillus乳铁蛋白lactoferrin乳糖lactose乳糖不耐受性lactose intolerance月桂酸laurie acid瘦体质量lean body mass,LBM瘦组织lean tissue卵磷脂lecithin乳素lectcynin植物凝血素lectins瘦素leptin亮氨酸leucine(Leu)木聚素lignans木质素lignin限制氨基酸limiting amino acid农药残留限量limits for pesticide residues柠檬油精limonene亚油酸linoleic acid脂类lipids斯特菌属Listeria罗汉果素lou han guo extract低出生体重low birth weight,LBW低密度脂蛋白胆固醇low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,LDL-C 低级脂肪酸单甘油酯low fatty acid simple glyceride低密度脂蛋白low-density lipoprotein,LDLL-丙酮酸激酶L-pyruvate kinase,L-PK光黄素lumiflavin黄体素lutein番茄红素lycopene赖氨酸lysine(Lys)溶菌酶lysozymeα-亚麻酸α-linolenic acidγ-亚麻酸γ-1inolenic acidM摩氏摩根菌M.morganii常量元素macroelement,major element宏量营养素macronutrient美拉德反响maillard reaction丙二醛malondialdehyde,MDA麦芽糖醇maltitol麦芽糖maltose锰manganese甘露醇mannitol甘露糖-糖蛋白mannosylated glycoprotein边缘缺乏marginal deficiency最大无作用剂量maximal non-effect level,MNL大肠菌群最近似数maximum probable number,MPN最大残留限量maximum residue limits三聚氰胺甲醛melamine-formaldehyde,MF薄荷醇menthol蛋氨酸methionine(Met)亚甲基四氢叶酸复原酶methylene tetrahydrofolate reducase,MTHFR 胶团micelles微球菌属Micrococcus微量元素microelement,trace element微量营养素micronutrient奶粉milk powder矿物质mineral奇异果素miracle混溶钙池miscible calcium pool丝裂霉素mitomycin复合奶mixture milk锰-超氧化物歧化酶Mn-SOD改良的相对剂量反响试验modified relative dose response test,MRDR 湿浸moist infusion霉菌molds分子营养学molecular nutrition钼molybdenum紫红曲霉monascaus purpureus红曲红素monascorubrin监控monitor单糖monosaccharide谷氨酸钠monosodium L-glutamate单萜类monoterpenes单不饱和脂肪酸monounsaturated fatty acid摩根菌属Morganella粘胶mucilage毛霉属Mucor簟类mushroom霉菌毒素mycotoxin肉豆蔻酸myristic acid葡糖硫苷酶myrosinase漆斑菌属Myrothecium toda4-甲基咪唑4-methylimidazoleN色甙nasunin天然等同色素nature-identical colours负氮平衡negative nitrogen balance新糖(果糖低聚糖) neosugar二十四碳单烯酸(神经酸) nervonic acid净蛋白质比值net protein ratio,NPR蛋白质净利用率net protein utilization,NPU尼克酸niacin烟酸又名尼克酸niacin,nicotinic acid镍nickel辅酶I nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD辅酶II nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosophate,NADP烟酸当量nicotinic equivalence,NE乳酸链球菌素nisin亚硝酸盐nitrite氮平衡nitrogen balance氮平衡指数nitrogen balance index,NBI雪腐镰刀菌烯醇nivalenol,NIV甲基硝基亚硝基胍N-methyl—N’nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine,MNNGN-亚硝酰胺N-nitrosamideN-亚硝基化合物N-nitroso pounds无明显作用水平no observed effect level,NOEL非必需氨基酸nonessential amino acid非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus,NIDDM 元明显损害水平non-observed adverse effect level,NOAEL核因子K B nuclear factor K B,NF K B磁共振扫描nuclear magnetic resonance scans核素nuclein营养素nutrient营养nutrition营养生理需要量nutritional requirement营养监测nutritional surveillance营养调查nutritional survey营养价值nutritional value尼龙nylonβ-硝基丙酸β-nitropropionic acidO燕麦素oatrim肥胖obesity必要的氮损失obligatory nitrogen losses赭曲霉毒素ochratoxin油酸oleic acid低聚原花青素oligomeric proanthocyanidins,OPCs寡肽oligopeptide寡糖oligosaccharide高赖氨酸玉米Opaque-2和Floury-2口服葡萄糖耐量试验oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT有机食品organic food鸟氨酸脱羧酶ornithine decarboxylase,ODC渗透枯燥osmotic drying破骨细胞osteoclasts骨质软化症osteomalacia骨质疏松症osteoporosis过营养状况over nutrition氧化型谷胱甘肽oxidized glutathione,GSSG含氧oxygen-containing无氧oxygen-freeP黄绿青霉P.citreoviride桔青霉P.citrinum圆弧青霉P.cyclopium扩展青霉P.expansum奇异变形杆菌P.mirabikis雷氏普罗威登斯菌P.rettgeri皱褶青霉P.rugulosum荨麻青霉P.urticae普通变形杆菌P.vulgaris异麦芽酮糖醇(又称帕拉金糖)palatinose棕榈酸palmitic acid棕榈油酸palmitoleic acid辣椒红paprika orange麻痹性贝类paralysis shell巴氏消毒法pasteurization巴氏杀菌乳pasteurized milk展青霉素patulin果胶pectin癞皮病pellagra青霉Penicillium islandicum青霉菌属Penicillium link戊聚糖pentosan薄荷peppermint肽peptide过氧化值peroxide value,POV过氧化物酶体增殖剂激活受体peroxisome proliferator activated receptor,PPAR 农药pesticide农药残留pesticide residue猪瘟pestis suum酚酸phenolic acid苯丙氨酸phenylaIanine(Phe)苯丙酮酸尿症phenylketonuria,PKU磷脂phospholipids磷phosphorus苯酞phthalides体力活动水平physical activity level,PAL物理性污染物physical contaminant植酸phytic acid植物化学物phytochemicals植物红细胞凝集素phytohematoagglutinin,PHA植物雌激素phyto-oestrogens植物固醇phytosterols空斑形成细胞plaque forming cell,PFC纤维蛋白溶酶原激活因子抑制物plasminogen activator inhibitor,PAI聚碳酸酯polycarbonate,PC氯代二苯并呋喃polychloro-dibenzofurans,PCDFs氯代二苯并-对-二噁偀polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins,PCDDs 多环芳烃polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAH聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯polyethylene terephthalate,PET聚乙烯polyethylene,PE多肽polypeptide多酚polyphenols聚丙烯polypropylene,PP多糖polysaccharide聚苯乙烯polystyrene,PS多不饱和脂肪酸polyunsaturated fatty acid,PUFA聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride,PVC群体倍增population doublings,PDs正氮平衡positive nitrogen balancePPAR-结合蛋白PPAR-binding protein,PBP已形成的维生素Apreformed vitamin A妊娠pregnancy学龄前儿童pre-school children防腐剂preservative抗癞皮病因子preventive pellagra,PP初级代产物primary metabolites孕酮progesterone激素原prohormone醇溶蛋白prolamin脯氨酸proline(Pro)启动子promoter基因启动子区域promoter region of gene丙酸propanoic acid没食子酸丙酯propyl gallate,PG前列腺素prostaglandins蛋白酶protease蛋白酶抑制剂protease inhibitors蛋白质protein经消化率修正的氨基酸评分protein digestibility corrected amino acid score.PDCAAS 蛋白质成效比值protein effciency ratio,PER蛋白质-能量营养不良protein-energy malnutrition,PEM变形杆菌proteus..普罗威登斯菌属Providencid暂定每日最大耐受摄入量provisional maximum tolerable daily intake.PMTDI暂定每周耐受摄入量provisional tolerable Weeklv intake,PTWI维生素A原provitamin A假单胞菌属Pseudomonas椰毒假单胞菌酵米面亚种Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp.Farinofermentans嗜冷菌psychrophile蝶酰谷氨酸,叶酸pteroylglutamic acid,PGA腐败putrefaction吡哆醛pyridoxal,PL吡哆胺pyridoxamine,PM吡哆醇pyridoxin,PN4-吡哆酸4-pyridoxic acid,4-PA5'-磷酸吡哆醛5'-pyridoxal phosphate,PLPQ槲皮素quercetin快餐食品quick serve-meal苯醌复原酶quinone reductaseR拉德rad放射性活度radiation activity放射性污染物radioactive contaminant放射性核素radionuclide萝卜红radish red氡radon,Rn棉子糖raffinose备餐食品ready to eat foods隐性高铁血红蛋白血症recessive methemoglobinemia膳食供应量remended dietary allowance,RDA推荐摄入量remended nutrient intake,RNI复原型谷胱甘肽reduced glutathione,GSH参考蛋白reference protein相对生物活性relative biologic activities相对剂量反响试验relative dose response test,RDR相对蛋白质值relative protein value,RPV伦琴当量rem肾溶质负荷renal solute load抵抗素resistin妊娠吸收实验resorption-gestation test静息代率resting metabolic rate,RMR视黄醛retinal视黄酸retinoic acid视黄酸受体/类维生素AX受体retinoic acid receptor/retinoid X receptor,RAR/RXR 类维生素A的X受体retinoid X receptor,RXR类维生素A retmoids视黄醇retinol视黄醇当量retmol equivalent,RE视黄醇结合蛋白retmol-binding protein,RBP视黄基磷酸酯retmyl phosphate视黄基酯retmyleasters视黄醇-磷酸-甘露醇的糖酯retinyl-phosphomannose根霉属Rhizopus核黄素riboflavin核糖ribose佝偻病rickets危险性分析risk analysis危险性评估risk assessment危险性特征的描述risk characterization危险性信息交流risk munication危险性管理risk management核糖核酸ribonucleic acid,RNARNA聚合酶RNApolymerase,RNA Pol玫瑰茄红roselle red红斑素rubropunctationS鲍氏志贺菌群S.boydii痢疾志贺菌S.dysenterine福氏志贺菌群S.flexneri宋志贺菌群S.sonnei糖精saccharin沙门菌属salmonella猪霍乱沙门菌salmonella cholera suis肠炎沙门菌salmonella enteritidis鼠伤寒沙门菌salmonella typhimurium卫生和植物卫生应用措施协定sanitary and phytosanitary,SPS协定皂甙saponins饱和脂肪酸saturated fatty acid学龄儿童school children调味品seasonings仲丁胺sec-butylamine次级代产物secondary metabolites硒selenium半必需氨基酸semiessential amino acid丝氨酸serine(Ser)性激素结合球蛋白sex hormone binding globulin,SHBG羊红细胞sheep red blood cell,SRBC虫胶红(紫胶红) shellac red志贺菌属Shigella唾液酸sialic acid,SA希沃特sievert寂静子silencer单线态氧single oxygen,1 O2脱脂奶粉skimmed milk powder环己基氨基磺酸钠sodium cyclamates双乙酸钠sodium diacetate低亚硫酸钠sodium hydrosulfite焦亚硫酸钠sodium pyrosulfite无酒精饮料soft drinks龙葵素solanine可溶性纤维soluble fiber山梨酸sorbic acid山梨醇sorbitol高梁红sorghum red大豆皂甙soya saponin,SS节约蛋白质作用sparing protein action食物特殊动力作用specific dynamic action,SDA河豚毒素spheroidine拼接splicing原发性高血压大鼠spotaneous hypertension rat,SHR固醇调节元件结合蛋白激活蛋白SREBP cleavage-activating protein,SCAP 黑色葡萄状穗霉Stachybotus corda水糖stachyose标准standard装量规定standards of fill of container特征性规定standards of identity质量规定standards of quality葡萄球菌属Staphylococcus金黄色葡萄球菌staphylococcus aureus淀粉starch硬脂酸stearic acid类固醇受体辅助激活剂-1 steroid receptor CO-activator-1,SRC-1固醇调节(或反响)元件-1 sterol regulatory element-1,SRE-1固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1 sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1,SREBP-1 固醇类sterols甜菊糖甙stevioside豆固醇stigmasterol链脲霉素streptozocin,STZ“实质等同〞原那么substantial equivalence琥珀酰CoA succinyl CoA三氯蔗糖sucralose蔗糖sucrose蔗糖聚酯sucrose polyester萝卜硫素sufforaphane硫化物sulphides超氧化物歧化酶superoxide dismutase,SOD甜炼乳sweetened condensed milk甜味剂sweetener猪出血性败血症swine hemorrhagic septicaemiaβ-谷固醇β-sitosterolT柠檬黄tartrazine茶多酚tea polyphenols贸易技术壁垒协议technical barriers to trade,TBT协议叔丁基对苯二酚tertiary butylhydroquinone,TBHQ睾酮testosterone索马甜thaumates国际癌症研究机构The International Agency for Research on Cancer,IARC 热力致死时间曲线thermal death time curve热力致死时间thermal death time,TDT食物热效应thermic effect of food,TEF硫胺素酶thiaminase硫胺素thiamine二磷酸硫胺素thiamine diphosphate,TDP一磷酸硫胺素thiamine monophosphate,TMP硫胺素焦磷酸thiamine pyrophosphate,TPP三磷酸硫胺素thiamine triphosphate,TTP匹格列酮thiazolidinediones,TZD硫氰酸盐thiocyanates钍射气thoron,Tn氨酸threonine(Thr)促甲状腺激素thyrotropic stimulating hormone,TSH二十碳五烯酸timnodonic acid,EPA生育酚tocopherols生育酚羟自由基tocopheroxyl redical生育三烯酚tocotrienols可耐受最高摄入量tolerable upper intake level,UL全身电传导total body electrical conductivity挥发性盐基总氮total volatile basic nitrogen,TVBN毒簟toxic mushroom反式作用因子trans-acting factor反式脂肪酸trans-fatty acid转铁蛋白transferrin转铁蛋白受体transferrin receptor,TIR谷氨酰胺转氨酶transglutaminase,TG转酮醇作用transketolation转甲状腺蛋白transthyretin,TTR海藻糖trehalose旋毛虫病trichinosis木霉属Trichoderma绿色木霉Trichoderma viride单端孢霉烯族化合物trichothecenes甘油三酯triglycerides3肽tripeptide真消化率true digestibility胰蛋白酶trypsin色氨酸tryptophan(Trp)结核病tuberculosis肿瘤坏死因子tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α黄turmeric yellow酪氨酸tyrosine(Tyr)2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并-对-二恶偀2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins,TCDD 2,4,5-三氯苯氧乙酸2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid,2,4,5-Tα-生育酚当量α-tocopherol equivalenceU超高温ultra high temperature,UHT解偶联蛋白-3 uncoupling protein-3,UCP-3不饱和聚酯树脂及其玻璃钢unsaturated polyester resin and glassfibre reinforced plastics 上游启动子元件upstream promoter element上游刺激因子upstream stimulating factor,USFV缬氨酸valine(Val)验证verification极低密度脂蛋白very-low-density lipoprotein,VLDL兽药veterinary drugs弧菌属Vibrio副溶血性弧菌Vibrio parahemolyticus维生素vitamin维生素A vitamin A维生素D结合蛋白vitamin D binding protein,DBP维生素D受体vitamin D receptor,VDR维生素D反响元件vitamin D response elements,VDRE维生素E琥珀酸酯vitamin E succinate,VES致呕毒素vomitoxin奇尔克症Von Gierkes diseaseW水分活性water activity,a w身高别体重weight for height湿性脚气病wet beriberi全脂奶粉whole milk powder世界卫生组织World Health Organization,WHOX叶黄素xanthophyll..木聚糖xylan木糖醇xylitol木糖xyloseY小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌Yersinia enterocoliticaZ玉米赤霉烯酮zearalenone玉米黄素zeaxanthin零氮平衡zero nitrogen balance锌zinc. .word.zl.。

有机化学药物英文名词

有机化学药物英文名词

有机化学中常见名词中英文对照英中对照abietic acid (松香酸)acetal(缩醛)acid anhydride(酸酐)A.Couper(古柏尔)acridine(吖啶)acronycine (山油柑碱)acidylating reaction(酰化反应)acyl group(酰基)acyl halide (酰卤)adenine(腺嘌呤)adrenal cortex hormone (肾上腺皮质激素) A.Kekule(开库勒)alanine(丙氨酸)alcoholysis(醇解)aldehyde(醛)alicyclic hydrocarbon(脂环烃)alizarin(茜草素)alizarin-type(茜素型)alkane(烷烃)alkene(烯烃)alkylation(傅-克烷基化反应)alkyne(炔烃)aloeemodin (芦荟大黄素)amines(胺类)amide(酰胺)amidino(脒基)amino acid(氨基酸)β-aminobutyric acid(β-氨基丁酸)ammonolysis(氨解)andiron formula(锯架式)andrographolide (穿心莲内酯)anisodine (樟柳碱)annulene(轮烯)anomer(异头物)anomeric effect(异头效应)anthocyanidin (花色素)anthraquinone (蒽醌)anthrol (蒽酚)anthrone (蒽酮)anthracene(蒽)antiaromaticity or antiaromatic compound(反芳香性化合物)apigenin (芹菜素)apple polyphenols (苹果多酚)aromatic compound(芳香性化合物)aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃)aromaticity(芳香性)aromatization(芳构化)arecoline (槟榔碱)arginine(精氨酸)aspartic acid(天冬氨酸)asymmetric carbon atom (手性碳原子)atomic orbital(原子轨道)A.Wurtz reaction(武兹反应)axial bond(直立键,a键)azulene)Baeyerbaicalein (黄芩素)baicalin (黄芩苷)barbital(巴比妥)barbituric acid(巴比妥酸)base complementary(碱基配对) benzoimidazole(苯并咪唑)benzothiazole(苯并噻唑)benzene(苯)berberine (小檗碱)Berzelius(伯察留史)beta-pleated sheet( -折叠)bi-anthracene nucleus (双蒽核) biological methylate(生物甲基化)biuret reaction(缩二脲反应)σbond (σ键)πbond (π键)borneol (龙脑)Braun reaction (布朗反应)bridged hydrocarbon(桥环烃)bytrepob(布特力洛夫)camphor(樟脑)cardiac glycosides(强心苷) camptothecine (喜树碱)carotene (胡萝卜素)carthamin (红花苷)carbene(卡宾;碳烯)carbohydrate(碳水化合物)carbonyl (羰基)carboxyl(羧基)carboxylic acid(羧酸)cassiamine (山扁豆双醌)catechin (儿茶素)cellobiose(纤维二糖)cellulose(纤维素)cephalin(脑磷脂)chain carbon constitution(链状碳架)chain initiation step(链引发阶段)chain propagation step(链增长阶段)chain termination step(链终止阶段)chalcone (查尔酮)charge-transfer complex(电荷转移络合物)chemical bond(化学键)chemocholic acid(鹅去氧胆酸)chirality(手性)chitin(甲壳质)chitosamine(壳糖胺)chlorophyll(叶绿素)cholalic acid (胆甾酸)cholestane (胆甾烷)cholesterol (胆甾醇)chromatography(色谱法)chrysophanol 9-anthrone (9-蒽酮大黄酚)chrysarobin (柯桠素)cinchonine(金鸡宁)cis-trans isomer(顺反异构体)cistrans isomerism(顺反异构)citral(柠檬醛)Claisen rearrangement(克莱森重排)Claisen-Schmidt reaction(克莱森-斯密特反应)cocaine (古柯碱)codonopsine (党参碱)concerted reaction(协同反应)condensed nuclei hydrocarbon(稠环烃)conformation(构象)conformational isomerism(构象异构)coniine (毒芹碱)conjugated diene(共轭二烯烃)conjugation system (共轭体系)conjugative effect(共轭效应)conservation of orbital symmetry(分子轨道对称性守恒理论)constitutional isomerism (构造异构)coprostane (粪甾烷)cortisone (可的松)crown ether(冠醚)cumulative diene(聚集二烯烃)curcumenol (莪术醇)cyanidin (矢车菊素)cyclic carbon constitution(环状碳架)cycloaddition recation(环加成反应)cycloalkane (脂环烃)cyclodextrin(环糊精)cysteine(半胱氨酸)daidzein (大豆黄素)Darzens reaction(达尔森反应) decarboxylation(脱羧反应)delocaization(离域)delocalization energy(离域能)delocalized electron(离域电子)delocalized energy(离域能)delphinidin(飞燕草素)denature(变性)deoxyribonucleic acid(脱氧核糖核酸) derivative of carboxylic acid (羧酸衍生物) diastereoisomer(非对映体)diazotization reaction(重氮化反应)diazonium salt(重氮盐)diborane(乙硼烷)dichlorocarbene(二氯卡宾)β-dichroine (β-常山碱)Diels—Alder reaction(狄尔斯—阿尔德反应)diene(双烯体,二烯烃)dienophile(亲双烯体)dihydrochalcone (二氢查尔酮) β—dihydrotheelin (β—雌二醇)distillation(蒸馏法)diterpenoids (二萜类)effective atomic number(有效原子序数)E.J.Cory—H.House reaction(科瑞—郝思反应)electric field scan(电场扫描)18-electron rule(18电子规则)electromeric effect(电性效应)electrophilic addition(亲电加成反应)electrophilic substitution(亲电取代)electrophile(亲电性试剂)elimination reaction(消除反应)Emde degradation (埃姆德降解)1- emetine(1-吐根碱)emodin-type (大黄素型)enantiomerism (对映异构)enantiomer(对映体)end -group effect (端基效应)entgegen (E,相反之意)energy of activation (活化能)enzyme (酶)ephedrine (麻黄碱)epicatechin (表儿茶素)epicatechin gallate(表儿茶素没食子酸酯)epigallocatechin (表没食子儿茶素)epigallocatechin gallate (表没食子儿茶素,没食子酸酯)epimer(差向异构体)epoxidation (环氧化反应)equatorial bond(平伏键,e 键)ergometrine(麦角新碱)ergostenol (麦角甾醇)essential amino acid (必需氨基酸)essential fatty acid(必需脂肪酸)ester(酯)esterification(酯化反应)extraction (萃取法)farnesol (金合欢醇)fatty acid(脂肪酸)Fischer projection formula(费歇尔投影式)flavanol (黄烷醇)flavanone (二氢黄酮)flavanonol (二氢黄酮醇)flavonoid (黄酮)flavonol (黄酮醇)formalin(福尔马林)free radical (自由基)free radical chain reaction (自由基链反应)Freon (氟利昂)Friedel-Crafts reaction (傅瑞德尔-克拉夫兹反应)reagent ( 试剂 ) frontier orbital (前线轨道理论)fructose (果糖)fucose (海藻糖)furan (呋喃)fused ring carbon constitution (稠环碳架)F.Wohler (武勒)Gabreil reaction (盖布瑞尔合成法)..Frohde ..Frohdegalactose(半乳糖)gallocatechin (没食子儿茶素)gallocatechin gallate (没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯)Gattermann-Koch reaction(盖特曼-科希反应)geometricalisomer(几何异构体)germacrone (杜鹃酮)glucose(葡萄糖)glutamic acid(谷氨酸)glutamine(谷酰胺)glycerol(甘油)glycocholic acid (甘氨胆酸)glycogen(糖原)glycoside(糖苷)glycyrrhizic acid (甘草酸)glycyrrhetinicacid (甘草次酸)Gmelin(哥美林)green tea polyphenols(绿茶多酚)Grignard Reaction(格氏反应)Grignard Reagent(格林那试剂,格氏试剂)G.Schiemann reaction(希曼反应)guaiazulene (愈创木奥)guanidine(胍)guanidino (胍基)guanine(鸟嘌呤)guanyl (脒基)haloform(卤仿)halogenation(卤代反应)halogenation reaction(卤化反应)Haworth(哈沃斯)heat of hydrogenation(氢化热)heat of reaction(反应热)hemiacetal(半缩醛)hesperetin (橙皮素)Hinsberg reaction(兴斯堡反应)histidine(组氨酸)H.Kolbe(科尔贝)Hoffmann degradation(霍夫曼降解反应)Hoffmann elimination(霍夫曼消除)Hoffmann exhaustive methylation(霍夫曼彻底甲基化反应)HOMO(Highest Occupied Molecnlar Orbital,最高被占用分子轨道) homolog(同系物)homologous series(同系列)hormone (激素)Hückel rule(休克尔规则)hybrid orbital(杂化轨道)hydroboration(硼氢化反应)hydrocortisone (氢化可的松)hydrogen bond(氢键)hydrolysis(水解)hyoscyamine (莨菪碱)hyperconjugation effect(超共轭效应)imidazole(咪唑)inclusion compound(包含物)indole(吲哚)inductive effect(诱导效应)infrared spectroscopy(红外光谱)insulin(胰岛素)invert sugar(转化糖)iodine number(碘值)tectoridin (鸢尾苷)isoelectric point(PI,等电点)isoflavanone (二氢异黄酮)isoflavone (异黄酮)isolated diene(隔离二烯烃)isoleucine(异亮氨酸)isoliquiritigenin (异甘草素)isomer(同分异构体)isoquinoline(异喹啉)isorhamnetin (异鼠李素) isorhynchophylline (异钩藤碱)isothiazole(异噻唑)isoxazole(异噁唑)Jones reagent(琼斯试剂)ketal(缩酮)ketone(酮)K.fries rearrangement(傅瑞斯重排)K.Fukui (福井谦一)Knoevenagel reaction(克脑文盖尔反应)Kolbe-Schmidt reaction(柯尔柏-施密特反应)Kutchcrov reaction(库切洛夫反应)lactose(乳糖)lecithin(卵磷脂)leptosidin (莱普西汀)leucine(亮氨酸)leucocyanidin (无色矢车菊素)limonene (苧烯)Lindlar(林德拉)liquiritin (甘草苷)lithium methide(甲基锂)lobeline (山梗菜碱)Lucas reagent(卢卡斯试剂)LUMO(Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital)最低空余分子轨道lupinine (羽扇豆碱)lycopene (番茄红素)lycopodine (石松碱)lysine(赖氨酸)maackiain (高丽槐素)Macquis reagent (Macquis试剂)macrophylline (大叶千里光碱)magnesium acetate reaction (醋酸镁反应)magnetic field scan(磁场扫描)malonyl urea(丙二酰脲)maltose(麦芽糖)Mannich reaction(满尼希反应)mannose(甘露糖)mass spectroscopy(质谱)matrine (苦参碱)M. Besthelot(佰赛儒)Mclafferty(麦可拉费蒂重排)(-)-melacacidin [(-)黑金合欢素]menthol(薄荷醇)(±)-menthol [(±)-薄荷醇]menthone (薄荷酮)mesomer (内消旋体)methionine(蛋氨酸)methylporgestin (甲孕酮)provera(甲孕酮)methyltestosterone (甲基睾丸素)molecular orbital(分子轨道)molecular orbital theory(分子轨道理论)monoanthracene nucleus (单蒽核)monocrotaline (一野百合碱)monomer(单体)monoterpenoids (单萜)monosaccharide(单糖)morphine (吗啡)mutarotation(变旋光现象)naphthalene(萘)narcotine (那可汀)natrium amalgam reaction (钠汞齐反应)(±)-neomenthol [(±)-新薄荷醇]nerol (橙花醇)Newman projection (纽曼投影式)Newman projection formula(纽曼投影式)Nicol prism(尼科尔棱镜)nicotine (烟碱)ninhydrin(茚三酮)nitration (硝化反应)nitro compound (硝基化合物)nonaromatic compound (非芳香性化合物) nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon (非苯芳烃)nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (核磁共振谱) nucleic acid(核酸)nucleophilic addition(亲核加成反应)nucleophilic reagent (亲核试剂)nucleoside(核苷)nucleotide(核苷酸)ocimene (罗勒烯)oligosaccharide (寡糖)frontier orbital (前线轨道理论)Oppenaner oxidizing reaction (欧芬脑尔氧化) optical isomer (旋光异构体)optical rotation instrument(旋光仪)organometallic compound (有机金属化合物) organometallics (金属有机化合物)orientation rule (定位规则)oxanthranol (氧化蒽酚)oxazole (噁唑)oxidation number (氧化值)oxidation state (氧化态)盐)oxonium salt oxymatrine (氧化苦参碱)palmatine (巴马汀)papaverine (罂粟碱)paraffin (烷烃)pelargonidin(天竺葵素)peptide (肽)peptide bond (肽键)peptide linkage(肽键)pericyclic reaction (周环反应)Perkin reaction (柏金反应)permeation (透析法)peroxide (过氧化物)peroxide effect (过氧化物效应)phellamurin (黄柏素-7-O-葡萄糖苷)phenanthrene (菲)phenylalanine(苯丙氨酸)phosphorus ylide(膦叶立德)phylloxanthin (叶黄素)physostigmine (毒扁豆碱)pinacol(频哪醇)pinene (蒎烯)piperine (胡椒碱)plane polarized light (平面偏振光)polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(多环芳烃)polymer(聚合物)polynuclear aromatic compound(稠环芳烃)polypeptide(多肽)polyreaction(聚合反应)polysaccharide(多糖)polytetrafluroethyleney(泰氟隆)unsaturated fatty acid(不饱和脂肪酸) precipitation(沉淀法)primary structure(一级结构)proanthocyanidin (原花色素)progesterone (黄体酮)protein(蛋白质)pseudoephedrine (伪麻黄碱)pteridine(蝶啶)purine(嘌呤)pyran(吡喃)pyrazine(吡嗪)pyrazole(吡唑)pyridazine(哒嗪)pyridine(吡啶)pyrimidine(嘧啶)pyrrole(吡咯)quaternary structure(四级结构)quercetin (槲皮素)quinine (奎宁)quinoline(喹啉)quinones(醌)racemic mixture(外消旋体)racemization(外消旋化)rancidity(酸败)Raney Ni(兰尼镍)reaction mechanism(反应历程)Reimer-Tiemann reaction(瑞穆尔-蒂曼反应)reserpine (利血平)residue(残基)resonance energy(共振能)resonance hybrid(共振杂化体)resonance theory(共振论)resonating structure(共振结构式)resveratrol (白藜芦醇)R.B.Woodward(伍德沃德)rhein (大黄酸)R.Hoffmann (霍夫曼)rhynchophylline (钩藤碱)ribonucleic acid(核糖核酸)ribose(核糖)rotation (旋光度)rutin (芦丁)saccharide(糖类)Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction(桑得迈尔—盖特曼反应)Sandmeyer reaction(桑得迈尔反应)saponification(皂化)saponification number(皂化值)Sarrett reagent(沙瑞特试剂)Sawhares projection(萨哈斯投影式)sawhorse projection formula(锯架式)Schiff’s base(西佛碱)secondary structure(二级结构)securinine (一叶萩碱)sennoside A、B、C、D (番泻苷A、B、C、D)serine(丝氨酸)sesquiterpenoids (倍半萜)sigmatropic reaction(σ键迁移反应)silane(硅烷)single bond(单键)sinoacutine (清风藤碱)β—sitosterol (β—谷甾醇)skyrin (天精,醌茜素)S N(Nucleophilic substitution)(亲核取代)S N1(单分子亲核取代反应)S N2 (双分子亲核取代反sodium borohydride reaction (四氢硼钠反应)sparteine (金雀花碱)specific rotation (比旋光度)sphingomyelin(鞘磷脂)spiro hydrocarbon(螺环烃)squalene (鲨烯)stachydrine (水苏碱)starch(淀粉)stereochemistry (立体化学)stereoisomer(立体异构)stereocpecificity (立体专一性)steroidal compound (甾体化合物)Stevens rearrangement(史蒂文斯重排)stigmastane (豆甾烷)strychnine (士的宁)sucrose(蔗糖)sulfonation(磺化反应)systematic nomenclature(系统命名法)taurocholic acid (牛磺胆酸)tautomer(互变异构体)tautomerism(互变异构现象)taxifolin (黄杉素)tea polyphenols(茶多酚)Teflon (泰氟隆)terpenoid (萜类化合物)tertiary structure(三级结构)testosterone (睾丸素)tetrahydropalmatine (延胡索乙素, 四氢巴马汀) tetramethyl silane(四甲基硅烷)tetraterpenoid(四萜类)thiazole(噻唑)thiophene(噻吩)threonine(苏氨酸)torsional energy(扭转能)torsional strain(扭转张力)transition sate(过渡态)triglyceride(甘油三酯)trimethyl aluminium(三甲基铝)triptolide (雷公藤甲素)triterpenoid(三萜类)tryptophan(色氨酸)tylophorinine (娃儿藤定碱)tyrosine(酪氨酸)uridine(尿嘧啶)urea(脲)urotropine(乌洛托品)valence bond method(价键学说)valine(缬氨酸)visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy(可见-紫外光谱)vitamin A(维生素A)vitamin B12(维生素B12)Wilkinson (威尔克森)Williamson synthesis(威廉森合成法)Wittig reaction(维蒂希反应)zingiberene (姜烯)Zusammen(Z,德文,在一起之意)中英对照1 A1A 反应历程(1A1Areaction mechanism )吖啶(acridine)埃姆德降解(Emde degradation)安息香缩合反应(benzoic condensation reaction)氨基酸(amino acid)β-氨基丁酸(β-aminobutyric acid)氨解(ammonolysis)胺(amines)azulene)2反应历程(2BACreaction mechanism )巴比妥(barbital)巴马汀(palmatine)白藜芦醇(resveratrol)拜耳(Baeyer)佰赛儒(M. Besthelot)半缩醛(semiacetal )半胱氨酸(cysteine)半乳糖(galactose)包含物(inclusion compound)苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine)苯(benzene)苯甲酸(benzoic acid)苯二甲酸(benzene dicarboxylic acid)苯并咪唑(benzimidazole)苯并噻唑(benzothiazole)倍半萜(sesquiterpenoid)比旋光度(specific rotation)必需氨基酸(essential amino acid)变性(denature)变旋光现象(mutarotation)表儿茶素(epicatechin)表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate)表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin)表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate) 表面活性剂(surface active agent )槟榔碱(arecoline)丙氨酸(alanine)丙氨酸乙硫酯(ethyl alanine sulfide)丙二酰脲 (malonyl urea)伯察留史(Berzelius)柏金(Perkin)反应薄荷醇(menthol)(±)—薄荷醇((±)—menthol)薄荷酮(menthone)布特力洛夫(Bytrepob)布朗反应(Braun reaction)残基(residue)草酸(oxalic acid)超共轭效应(hyperconjugation effect)差向异构体(epimer)查尔酮(chalcone)茶多酚(tea polyphenols)β-常山碱(β-dichroine)沉淀法(precipitation)橙皮素(hesperetin)橙花醇(nerol)稠环芳烃(polynuclear aromatic compound)稠环碳架(fused ring carbon constitution)醇钠(sodium alcohols)醇解(alcoholysis)穿心莲内酯(andrographolide)磁场扫描(magnetic field scan)β—雌二醇(β—dihydrotheelin)醋酸镁反应(magnesium acetate reaction )萃取法(extraction)DDQ(2,3-二氯-5,6-氰基-1,4-苯醌)大黄素型(emodin-type)大黄酸(rhein)大豆黄素(daidzein)大叶千里光碱(macrophylline)达尔森(Darzen)反应哒嗪(pyridazine)单键(single bond)单体(monomer)单蒽核(monoanthracene nucleus)单萜(monoterpenoids)单糖(monosaccharide)单线态(singlet)蛋氨酸(methionine)蛋白质(protein)胆甾烷(cholestane)胆甾醇(cholesterol)胆甾酸(cholalic acid)胆甾烷(cholestane)胆甾醇(cholesterol)党参碱(codonopsine)等电点(isoelectric point ,PI)迪克曼反应(Dieckmann reaction )狄尔斯-阿尔德(Diels-Alher)电场扫描(electric field scan)电性效应(electromeric effect)电荷转移络合物(charge-transfer complex)碘仿试验(iodoform test)碘值( iodine number )淀粉(starch)敌敌畏(dichlorovos)蝶啶(pteridine)丁烯二酸(butene dioic acid)定位规则(orientationg rule)动力学概念(dynamical concept)豆甾烷(stigmastane)毒芹碱(coniine)毒扁豆碱(physostigmine)杜鹃酮 (germacrone)端基效应(end-group effect)对映异构(enantiomerism)对映体(enantiomers)对氨基苯磺酰胺(sulfanilamide)多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon)多糖(polysaccharide)多肽(polypeptide)多磷酸酯(polyphosphate ester)E(entgegen,德文,相反之意)EAN规则(EAN rule)莪术醇(curcumenol)鹅去氧胆酸(chemocholic acid)噁唑(oxazole)蒽(anthracene)蒽酚(anthrol)蒽醌(anthraquinones)蒽酮(anthrone)9-蒽酮大黄酚(chrysophanol 9-anthrone)儿茶素(catechin)二烯烃(diene)二氯卡宾(dichlorocarbene)二甲亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide)二巯基丙醇(dimercaptopropanol )二级结构(secondary structure)二氢黄酮(flavanone)二氢黄酮醇(flavanonol)二氢异黄酮(isoflavanone)二氢查尔酮(dihydrochalcone)二萜类(diterpenoids)番泻苷A、B、C、D(sennoside A、B、C、D)番茄红素(lycopene)反芳香性化合物(antiaromatic compound)反应历程(reaction mechanism)反应热(heat of reaction)芳香烃(aromatic hydrocarbon)芳香性(aromaticity)芳香性化合物(aromatic compound)芳构化(aromatization)放氮反应(denitrification)飞燕草素(delphinidin)非芳香性化合物(nonaromatic compound)非离子表面活性剂(nonionic)非对映体(diasteroisomer)非质子性溶剂(nonprotonic solvent )非苯芳烃(nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon)菲(phenanthrene)斐林溶液( Fehting solution )费歇尔(E.Fischer)费歇尔投影式(Fischer projection formula)分子轨道(molecular orbital)分子轨道对称性守恒理论(conservation of orbital symmetry theory)分子轨道理论(molecular orbital theory)酚苄明(Phenoxybenzamine)芬克尔斯坦(Finkelstein)芬氟拉明(fenfluramine)粪甾烷(coprostane)氟芬那酸(flufenamic Acid)福井谦一(K.Fukui)傅-克反应(Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction)傅瑞斯重排(K.fries rearrangement)傅瑞德-克拉天茨反应(Friedel-Crafts reaction)辅酶Q10(coenzyme Q10)呋喃(furan)盖布瑞尔合成法(Gabreil reaction)盖特曼-科希(Gattermann-Koch)反应甘露糖(mannose)甘氨酸(glycine)甘油(glycerol)甘氨胆酸(glycocholic acid)甘草酸(glycyrrhizic acid)甘草次酸(glycyrrhetinic acid)甘草苷(liquiritin)高丽槐素(maackiain)睾丸素(testosterone)隔离二烯烃(isolated diene)格林那试剂(Grignard reagent)哥美林(Gmelin)共振能(resonance energy)共振论(resonance theory)共振杂化体(resonance hybrid)共振结构式(resonating structure)共轭效应(conjugative effect)共轭体系(conjugation system)共轭二烯烃(conjugated diene)构象(conformation)构象异构(conformational isomerism)构造异构(constitutional isomerism)构型保持(configuration conservation)构型转化(configuration inversion)钩藤碱(rhynchophylline)β—谷甾醇(β—sitosterol)谷氨酸(glutamic acid)谷酰胺(glutamine)古柏尔(A. Couper)古柯碱(cocaine)胍(guanidine )寡糖(oligasaccharide)冠醚(crown ether)光学异构体(optical isomer)硅烷(silane)硅油(silicon oil)过氧化物(peroxide)过氧化物效应(peroxide effect)过渡态(transition state)果糖(fructose)哈沃斯(Haworth)海藻糖(fucose)核磁共振谱(nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy)核苷酸(nucleotide)核苷(nucleoside)核酸(nucleic acid)核糖(ribose)(-)-黑金合欢素[(-)melacacidin)]红古豆碱(cuskohygrine)红花苷(carthamin)红外光谱(infrared spectroscopy)互变异构现象(tautomerism)互变异构体(tautomer)胡萝卜素(carotene)胡椒碱(piperine)槲皮素(quercetin)化学键(chemical bond)花色素(anthocyanidin)环烃(cyclic hydrocarbon)环氧化反应(epoxidation)环加成反应(cycloaddition recation)环状碳架(cyclic carbon constitution)环己二酮(cyclic hexanedione)环糊精(cyclodextrin)α,β-环氧酸酯(α,β-cycloxacid ester)黄柏素-7-O-葡萄糖苷(phellamurin)黄芩素(baicalein)黄芩苷(baicalin)黄杉素(taxifolin)黄酮(flavonoid)黄酮醇(flavonol)黄烷醇(flavanol)黄体酮(progesterone)磺胺(sulfanilamide)磺化反应(sulfonation)活化能(energy of activation)霍夫曼(R.Hofmann)霍夫曼降解反应(Hoffmann degradation)霍夫曼消除(Hoffmann elimination)霍夫曼彻底甲基化反应(Hoffmann exhaustive methylation)几何异构体(geometricalisomer)己二胺(hexanediamine)季铵盐(quaternary ammonium salt)季铵碱(quaternnary ammonium hydrate )季膦盐( quaternary phosphonium salt )激素(hormone)甲孕酮(methporgestin)甲基睾丸素(methyl testosterone)甲基锂(lithium methlde)甲壳质(chitin)价键学说(valence bond method)假酸式(pseudo-acid form )σ键(σbond)σ键迁移反应(sigmatropic reaction)π键(πbond)碱基配对规律(base pairing rule)姜烯(zingiberene)胶束(micelle)交叉醇醛缩合反应(crossed aldol reaction)金合欢醇(farnesol)金属有机化合物(metalloorganic compound)金雀花碱(sparteine)金鸡宁(cinchonine)金刚烷胺(symmetrel)紧密离子对(tightness ionpair )精氨酸(arginine)竞争反应(competing reaction )聚合物(polymer)聚合反应(polyreaction)聚集二烯烃(cumulative diene)锯架式(andiron formula ; sawhorse projection formula)卡宾(碳烯)(Carbene)开息纳尔-武尔夫(Kishner-Wolff)-黄鸣龙法凯库勒(A. Kekule)康尼查罗(Cannizzaro ) 反应科尔贝(H. Kolbe)科瑞—郝思反应(E.J.Cory—H.House reaction)可的松(cortisone)可见-紫外光谱(visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy)克莱森-斯密特(Claisen-Schmidt)反应克脑文盖尔(Knoevenagel)反应克莱门森(Clemmensen)还原反应克莱森重排(Claisen rearrangement)克莱森缩合反应(Claisen condensation reaction ) 柯尔柏-施密特反应(Kolbe-schmidt reaction)柯亚素(chrysarobin)壳糖胺(chitosamine)苦参碱(matrine)库切洛夫反应(Kutchcrov reaction)奎宁(quinine)喹啉(quinoline)醌(quinones)醌氢醌(quinhydrone)莱普西汀(leptosidin)赖氨酸(lysine)兰尼镍(Raney Ni)莨菪碱(hyoscyamine)雷公藤甲素(triptolide)利血平(reserpine)立体选择性(stereoselective)立体专一性(stereospecific)立体异构(stereoisomer)离域(delocalization)离域能(delocalization energy ;delocalized energy)离域电子(delocalized electron)离去基团(leaving group )链引发阶段(chain initiation step)链增长阶段(chain propagation step)链终止阶段(chain termination step)链状碳架(chain carbon constitution)亮氨酸(leucine)林德拉(Lindlar)膦叶立德(phosphorus ylide)膦(phosphureted hydrogen)鏻盐(phosphorate)膦酸(phosphonic acid )硫脲(thiourea )硫醇(thioalcohol )硫醚(thioether )硫酚(phenylsulfhydryl )留氮反应(reaction of nitrogen retention)龙脑(borneol)卤代反应(halogenation)卤仿(haloform)卤仿反应(haloform reaction )卢卡斯试剂(Lucas reagent)芦荟大黄素(aloe-emodin)芦丁(rutin)α-卵磷脂(α-lecithine )轮烯(annulene)酪氨酸(tyrosine)罗勒烯(ocimene)罗森孟德(Rosenmund)还原法螺环烃(spiro hydrocarbon)氯乙酸甲酯(methyl chloroacetate) (chloro acetyl formate) 绿茶多酚(green tea polyphenols)马尔可夫尼可夫(Markovnikov)规则麻黄碱(ephedrine)吗啡(morphine)麦可拉费蒂(Mclafferty)麦芽糖(maltose)麦角甾醇(ergostenol)麦角新碱(ergometrine)麦克尔加成(Michael addition)满尼希(Mannich)反应梅尔外英-彭多夫(Meerwein-Poundorf)还原反应酶(enzyme)没食子儿茶素(gallocatechin)没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(gallocatechin gallate)脒基(amidino)嘧啶(pyrimidine)咪唑(imidazole)那可汀(narcotine)钠汞齐反应(natrium amalgam reaction)萘(naphthalene)脑磷脂(cephalin)内消旋体(meso-form)尼科尔棱镜(Nicol prism)脲(尿素) (urea)鸟嘌呤(guanine)尿嘧啶(uracil)柠檬醛(citral)苧烯(limonene)牛磺胆酸(taurocholic acid)纽曼投影式(Newmans projection formular)扭转能(torsional energy)扭转张力(torsional strain)欧芬脑尔氧化反应(Oppenaner oxidizing reaction)偶氮基(azo)偶合(偶联)反应(coupling reaction)偶合组分(或偶合剂)(coupling agent )偶极-离子键(dipolar-ionic bond )蒎烯(pinene)硼氢化反应(hydroboration))硼氢化钠(NaBH4吡哆醛(pyridoxal)吡咯(pyrrole)吡喃(pyran)吡嗪(pyrazine)吡唑(pyrazole)吡啶(pyridine)嘌呤(purine)频哪醇(pinacol)平面偏振光(plane polarized light)平伏键(e键,equatorial bonds)苹果多酚(apple polyphenols)普鲁卡因(procaine )葡萄糖(glucose)歧化反应(disproportionation reaction )前列腺素( prostaglandin)前线轨道(frontier orbital)理论茜草素(alizarin)茜素型(alizarin-type)强心苷(cardiac glycosides)羟肟酸(hydroximic acid )β-羟基醛(β-hydroxy aldehyde )桥环烃(bridged hydrocarbon)鞘磷脂(sphingomyelinicacid)亲电性试剂(electrophile)亲电加成反应(electrophilic addition)亲电取代(electrophilic substitution)亲核试剂(nucleophilic reagent)亲核加成反应(nucleophilic addition)亲核取代(nucleophilic substitution)亲核取代反应历程(nucleophilic substitution reavtion mechanism) 亲双烯体(dienophile)芹菜素(apigenin)氢解( hydrogenolysis)氢化苯基锡(hydrogenation benztin)氢化正丁基锡( hydrogenation butyltin )氢化油(hydrogenated oil )氢化可的松(hydrocortisone)氢化热(heat of hydrogenation)氢甲酰化法(hydroformylation)氢键(hydrogen bond)清风藤碱(sinoacutine)琼斯试剂(Jones reagent)炔烃(alkyne)热力学概念(thermodynamic conception )溶剂化效应(solvating effect)乳糖(lactose)瑞穆尔-蒂曼反应(Reamer-Timann reaction)萨哈斯投影式(Sawhares projection)噻吩(thiophene)噻唑(thiazole)三萜(triterpenoids)三甲基铝(trimethyl aluminium)三级结构(tertiary structure)三线态(triplet state)三苯基膦(triphenyl phosphine)三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate)桑得迈尔反应(Sandmeyer reaction)桑得迈尔—盖特曼反应(Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction)色氨酸(tryptophan)色谱法(chromatography)沙瑞特试剂(Sarrett reagent)鲨烯(squalene)山油柑碱(acronycine)山扁豆双醌(cassiamine)山梗菜碱(lobeline)肾上腺皮质激素(adrenal cortex hormone)生物甲基化(biological methylate)18电子规则(18- electron rule)史蒂文斯重排(Stevens rearrangement)石松碱(lycopodine)士的宁(strychnine)矢车菊素(cyanidin)手性(chirality)水苏碱(stachydrine)双蒽核(bi-anthracene nucleus)双烯体(diene)顺反异构(cistrans isomerism)顺反异构体(cis-trans isomer)四氢巴马汀(tetrahydropalmatine)四级结构(quaternary structure)四氢硼钠反应(sodium borohydride reaction)四萜(quadruterpene)四甲基硅烷(tetramethylsilane)丝氨酸(serine)松香酸(abietic acid)苏氨酸(threonine)酸败(rancidity )缩醛(acetal)缩二脲反应(biuret reaction)肽(peptide)肽键(peptide bond)碳水化合物(carbohydrate)碳酰氯(carbonyl chloride ;phosgene )糖类(saccharide)糖苷(glycoside)糖原(glycogen)天冬氨酸(aspartic acid)天精(skyrin)天竺葵素(pelargonidin)萜类化合物(terpenoids)同系列(homologous series)同系物(homolog)同分异构体(isomer)酮(ketone)透析法(permeation)1-吐根碱(1-emetine)脱羧反应(decarboxylic reaction)娃儿藤定碱(tylophorinine)瓦尔登转化(Walden inversion)外消旋体(racemic mixture)外消旋化(racemization)烷烃(alkane)维生素A(vitamin A)维生素B12(vitamin B12)维生素K1、K2(vitamin K1、K2)维蒂希反应(Wittig reaction)伪麻黄碱(pseudoephedrine)威尔克森(wilkinson)威廉森合成法(Williamson synthesis)武勒(F. Wohler)无色矢车菊素(leucocyanidin)伍德沃德(R.B.Woodward)武兹反应(A.Wurtz reaction)烯烃(alkene)系统命名法(systematic nomenclature)西佛碱(Schiff ’s base)希夫(schiff)试剂吸电子共轭效应(electronwithdrawing conjugative effect) 喜树碱(camptothecine)西佛碱(schiff base)希曼反应(G.Schiemann reaction)纤维二糖(cellobiose)纤维素(cellulose)腺嘌呤(adenine)硝化反应(nitration)消除反应(elimination reaction)小檗碱(berberine)硝基化合物(nitro compounds)协同反应(concerted reaction)缬氨酸(valine)(±)—新薄荷醇[(±)—neomenthol]兴斯堡反应(Hinsberg reaction)胸腺嘧啶(thymine)12-15休克尔规则(Hückel rule)比旋光度(specific rotatory power)旋光仪(optical rotation instrument)旋光异构体(optical isomer)血红素(haemachrome)亚硝酸(nitrous acid)烟碱(nicotine)延胡索乙素(tetrahydropalmatine)盐酸-镁粉反应(HCl-Mg powder reaction)盐酸-锌粉反应(HCl-Zn powder reaction)盐(oxonium salt)氧化苦参碱(oxymatrine)氧化蒽酚(oxanthranol)氧化态(oxidation state)氧化值(oxidation number)阳离子表面活性剂(cationic surface active agent)叶黄素(phylloxanthin)叶绿素(chlorophyll)一叶萩碱(securinine)一野百合碱(monocrotaline)一级结构(primary structure)乙硼烷(diborane)1-乙炔基环戊醇(1-ethynyl cyclopentanol )乙二胺(ethylene diamine)乙烯酮(ethenone ;ketene )乙酸(acetic acid)乙二酸(ethanedioic acid )异甘草素(isoliquiritigenin)异黄酮(isoflavone)异鼠李素(isorhamnetin)异钩藤碱(isorhynchophylline)异亮氨酸(isoleucine)异头物(anomer)异头效应(anomeric effect)异噁唑(isoxazole)异噻唑(isothiazole)异腈(胩)(isonitrile)异喹啉(isoquinoline)胰岛素(insulin)阴离子表面活性剂(anionic surface active agent)茚三酮(ninhydrin )吲哚(indole)罂粟碱(papaverine)油脂(axunge;grease;lipin;)有效原子序数(effective atomic number)有机金属化合物(organometallic compound)有机锂(organic-Li) (organic lithium ) (organolithium compound) 诱导效应(inductive effect)羽扇豆碱(lupinine)愈创木奥(guaiazulene)原花色素(proanthocyanidin)鸢尾苷(iridin)原子轨道(atomic orbital)Z(Zusammen,德文,在一起之意)杂化轨道(hybrid orbital)杂环碳架(heterocycle carbon constitution)甾体化合物(steroidal compound)皂化反应(saponification reaction)皂化值(saponification value)扎依采夫(Saytzeff)规则樟柳碱(anisodine)樟脑(camphor)蔗糖(sucrose)-折叠(beta-pleated sheet)蒸馏法(distillation)质谱(mass spectroscopy)质子性溶剂(protonic solvent)脂环烃(alicyclic hydrocarbon;cycloalkane)直立键(a键,axial bond)重氮化反应(diazotization reaction)重氮盐(diazonium salt)重氮组分(diazocomponent)重氮甲烷(diazomethane)周环反应(pericyclic reaction)转化糖(invert sugar)自由基(free radical)自由基链反应(free radical chain reaction)β-紫罗兰酮(β-ionone )组氨酸(histidine)。

有机化学中常见名词中英文对照

有机化学中常见名词中英文对照

学疏专业班级有机化学中常见名词中英文对照英中对照abietic acid (松香酸)acetal (缩醛)acid anhydride(酸Sf)A. Couper (古柏尔)acridine (卩丫唏)acronycine (山油柑碱)acidylating reaction(酰化反应)acyl group (酰基)acyl halide (酰卤)adenine (腺嚓吟)adrenal cortex hormone (肾上腺皮质激素)A. Kekule (开库勒)alanine (丙氨酸)alcoholysis (醇解)aldehyde (醛)alicyclic hydrocarbon(脂环炷)alizarin(茜草素)alizarin-type (茜素型)alkane (烷桂)alkene (烯桂)alkylation (傅-克烷基化反应)alkyne (烘炷)aloeemodin (芦荟大黃素)amines (胺类)amide (酰胺)amidino (腺基)amino acid (氨基酸)-aminobutyric acid (-氨基丁酸)ammonolysis (氨解)andiron formula (锯架式)andrographo 1 ide (穿心莲内酯)anisodine (樟柳碱)annulene (轮烯)anomer (异头物)anomeric effect (异头效应)anthocyanidin (花色素)anthraquinone (蔥醍)anthrol (蔥酚)anthrone (蔥酮)anthracene (蔥)anti aromaticity or anti aromatic compound (反芳香性化合物)apigenin (芹菜素)apple polyphenols (苹果多酚)aromatic compound (芳香性化合物)aromatic hydrocarbon (芳香绘)aromaticity (芳香性)aromatization (芳构化)arecoline (槟榔碱)arginine (精氨酸)aspartic acid (天冬氨酸)asymmetric carbon atom (手性碳原子)atomic orbital (原子轨道)A. Wurtz reaction (武兹反应)axial bond (直立键,& 键)azul 奥!()Baeyer (拜耳)baicalein (黃苓素)baicalin (黃苓昔)barbital (巴比妥)barbituric acid(巴比妥酸)base complementary (碱基配对)benzoimidazole (苯并咪醴)benzothiazole (苯并唾I坐)学疏专业班级学号benzene (苯)berberine (小漿碱)Berzelius (伯察留史)beta-pleated sheet (-折叠)bi-anthracene nucleus (双蔥核)biological methylate (生物甲基化)biuret reaction(缩二服反应)□ bond (o 键)n bond (兀键)borneol (龙脑)Braun reaction (布朗反应)bridged hydrocarbon (桥环绘)bytrepob (布特力洛夫)camphor (樟脑)cardiac glycosides (强心昔)camptothecine (喜树碱)carotene (胡萝卜素)carthamin (红花昔)carbene (卡宾;碳烯)carbohydrate (碳水化合物)carbonyl 俄基)carboxyl (竣基)carboxylic acid(竣酸)cassiamine (山扁豆双醍)catechin (儿茶素)cellobiose (纤维二糖)cellulose (纤维素)cephalin(脑磷脂)chain carbon constitution (链状碳架)chain initiation step (链引发阶段)chain propagation step (链增长阶段)chain termination step (链终止阶段)chaicone (查尔酮)charge-transfer complex (电荷转移络合物)chemical bond (化学键)chemocholic acid(鹅去氧胆酸)chirality (手性)chitin (甲壳质)chitosamine (壳糖胺)chlorophyll (叶绿素)cholalic acid (胆笛酸)cholestane (胆縉烷)cholesterol (胆笛醇)chromatography (色谱法)chrysophanol 9-anthrone (9-蔥酮大黃酚)chrysarobin (柯械素)cinchonine (金鸡宁)cis-trans isomer (顺反异构体)cistrans isomerism (顺反异构)citral (柠檬醛)Claisen rearrangement (克莱森重排)Claisen-Schmidt reaction (克莱森一斯密特反应)cocaine (古柯碱)codonopsine (党参碱)concerted reaction (协同反应)condensed nuclei hydrocarbon (稠环坯)conformation (构象)conformational isomerism (构象异构)coniine (毒芹碱)conjugated diene (共辘二烯桂)conjugation system (共轨体系)conjugative effect (共轨效应)conservation of orbital symmetry (分子轨道对称性守恒理论)constitutional isomerism (构造异构)coprostane (粪笛烷)学疏专业班级学号cortisone (可的松)crown ether (冠瞇)cumulative diene (聚集二烯婭)curcumenol (莪术醇)cyanidin (矢车菊素)cyclic carbon constitution (环状碳架)cycloaddition recation (环力口成反应)cycloalkane (脂环桂)cyclodextrin (环糊精)cysteine (半胱氨酸)daidzein (大豆黃素)Darzens reaction(达尔森反应)decarboxylation (脱竣反应)delocaization(离域)delocalization energy(离域能)delocalized electron (离域电子)delocalized energy(离域能)delphinidin(飞燕草素)denature (变性)deoxyribonuc 1 eic acid(脱氧核糖核酸)derivative of carboxylic acid (竣酸衍生物)diastereoisomer (非对映体)学疏专业班级学号diazonium salt (重氮盐)chborane (乙硼烷)dichlorocarbene (•二氯卡宾)P -dichroine ( P -常山碱)Diels一Alder reaction (狄尔斯一阿尔德反应)diene (双烯体,二烯婭)dienophile (亲双烯体)dihydrochalcone (.:氢查尔酮)B —dihydrotheelin ( B —雌二醇)distillation (蒸镭法)diterpenoids (二?£类)effective atomic number (有效原子序数)E.J. Cory—H. House reaction (科瑞一郝思反应)electric field scan (电场扫描)18-electron rule (18 电子规则)electromeric effect (电性效应)electrophilic addition (亲电加成反应)electrophilic substitution (亲电取代)electrophile (亲电性试剂)elimination reaction (消除反应)Emde degradation (埃姆徳降解)1- emetine(1-吐根碱)emodin-type (大黄素型)enantiomerism (对映异构)enantiomer (对映体)end—group effect (端基效应)entgegen (E,相反之意)energy of activation (活化能)enzyme (酶)ephedrine (麻黃碱)epicatechin (表儿茶素)epicatechin gallate(表儿茶素没食子酸酯)epigallocatechin (表没食子儿茶素)epigallocatechin gallate (表没食子儿茶素,没食子酸酯)epimer (差向异构体)epoxidation (环氧化反应)equatorial bond(平伏键,e 键)ergometrine (麦角新碱)ergostenol (麦角笛醇)essential amino acid (必需氨基酸)essential fatty acid(必需脂肪酸)ester (酯)ester辻ication(酯化反应)farnesol (金合欢醇)fatty acid(脂肪酸)Fischer projection formula(费歇尔投影式)flavanol(黃烷醇)flavanone (_.氢黄酮)flavanonol (二氢黃酮醇)flavonoid (黃酮)flavonol (黄酮醇)f ormal in (福尔马林)free radical (自由基)free radical chain reaction (自山基链反应)Freon (氟利昂)Friedel-Crafts reaction (傅瑞德尔一克拉夫兹反应)Frohde reageProhde 试剂)frontier orbital (前线轨道理论)fructose (果糖)fucose (海藻糖)furan (咲喃)fused ring carbon constitution (稠环碳架)F.Wohler (武勒)galactose (半乳糖)Gabreil reaction (盖布瑞尔合成法)gallocatechin (没食子儿茶素)gallocatechin gallate (没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯)Ga11ermann-Koch reaction (盖特曼一科希反应)geometricalisomer (儿何异构体)germacrone (杜鹃酮)glucose (葡萄糖)glutamic acid (谷氨酸)glutamine (谷酰胺)glycerol (甘油)glycocholic acid (甘氨胆酸)glycogen (糖原)glycoside (糖昔)glycyrrhizic acid (甘草酸)g 1 y c yr rhe t i n i c ac i d (甘草次酸)Gmelin (哥美林)green tea polyphenols (绿茶多酚)Grignard Reaction (格氏反应)Grignard Reagent (格林那试剂,格氏试剂)G.Schiemann reac tion (希曼反应)guaiazulene (愈创木奥)guanidine (K)guan i di no ()1瓜基)guanine (鸟卩票吟)guanyl (眯基)haloform (卤仿)halogenation (卤代反应)halogenation reaction (卤化反应)Haworth (哈沃斯)heat of hydrogenation (氢化热)学疏专业班级学号heat of reaction (反应热)hemiacetal (半缩醛)hesperetin (橙皮素)Hinsberg reaction (兴斯堡反应)histidine (组氨酸)H.Kolbe (科尔贝)Hoffmann degradation (霍夫曼降解反应)Hoffmann elimination (霍夫曼消除)Hoffmann exhaustive methylation (霍夫曼彻底屮基化反应)HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecnlar Orbital,最高被占用分子轨道)homolog (同系物)homologous series (同系列)hormone (激素)HUckel rule (休克尔规则)hybrid orbital (杂化轨道)hydroboration (硼氢化反应)hydrocortisone (氢化可的松)hydrogen bond (氢键)hydrolysis (水解)hyoscyamine (產若碱)hyper con jugat i on effect (超共辄效应)imidazole (咪醴)inclusion compound (包含物)indole (口引嗥)inductive effect (诱导效应)infrared spectroscopy (红夕卜光谱)insulin (胰岛素)invert sugar (转化糖)iodine number (碘值)tectoridin (莺尾学疏专业班级学号昔)isoelectric point (PI,等电点)isoflavanone (〔氢异黃酮)isoflavone (异黄酮)isolated diene (隔离:烯桂)isoleucine (异亮氨酸)isoliquiri tigenin(异甘草素)isomer (同分异构体)isoquinoline (异卩奎卩林)isorhamnetin (异鼠李素)isorhynchophylline (异钩藤碱)isothiazole (异嚏醴)isoxazole (异噁醴)Jones reagent (琼斯试剂)ketal (缩酮)ketone (酮)K. fries rearrangement (傅瑞斯重排)K. Fukui (福井谦一)Knoevenagel reaction (克脑文盖尔反应)Kolbe-Schmidt reaction (柯尔柏-施密特反应)Kutchcrov reaction (库切洛夫反应)lactose (乳糖)lecithin(卵磷脂)leptosidin (莱普西汀)leucine (壳氨酸)leucocyanidin (无色矢车菊素)limonene (苧烯)Lindlar (林德拉)liquiritin (甘草昔)lithium methide (甲基锂)lobeline (山梗菜碱)Lucas reagent (卢卡斯试剂)LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbita 1)最低空余分子轨道lupinine (羽扇豆碱)lycopene (番茄红素)lycopodine (石松碱)lysine (赖氨酸)maackiain (高丽槐素)Macquis reagent (Macquis 试剂)macrophylline (大叶千里光碱)magnesium acetate reaction (酉昔酸镁反应)magnetic field scan (磁场扫描)malonyl urea(丙二酰SR)maltose (麦芽糖)Mannich reaction (满尼希反应)mannose (甘露糖)mass spectroscopy (质谱)matrine (苦参碱)M. Besthelot (佰赛儒)Mclafferty (麦可拉费蒂重排)(-)-melacacidin [(-)黑金合欢素]menthol (薄荷醇)学疏专业班级学号()-menthol [()-薄荷醇]menthone (薄荷酮)mesomer (内消旋体)methionine (蛋氨酸)methylporgestin (屮孕酮)provera (¥ 孕酮)methyl testosterone (屮基睾丸素)molecular orbital (分子轨道)molecular orbital theory (分子轨道理论)monoanthracene nucleus (单蔥核)monocrotaline (一野白合碱)monomer (单体)monoterpenoids (单菇)monosaccharide (单糖)morphine (吗啡)mutarotation (变旋光现象)naphthalene (荼)narcotine (那可汀)natrium amalgam reaction (钠汞齐反应)()-neomenthol [()-新薄荷醇]nerol (橙花醇)Newman projection (纽曼投影式)Newman projection formula(纽曼投影式)Nicol prism(尼科尔棱镜)nicotine (烟碱)ninhydrin (E 卩三酮)nitration (硝化反应)nitro compound (硝基化合物)nonaromatic compound (非芳香性化合物)nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon (非苯芳绘)nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (核磁共振谱)nucleic acid(核酸)nucleophilic addition(亲核加成反应)nucleophilic reagent (亲核试剂)nucleoside (核昔)nucleotide (核昔酸)ocimene (罗勒烯)oligosaccharide (寡糖)frontier orbital (前线轨道理论)Oppenaner oxidizing reaction (欧芬脑尔氧化)optical isomer (旋光异构体)optical rotation instrument (旋光仪)organometallic compound (有机金属化合物)organometallics (金属有机化合物)orientation rule (定位规则)oxanthrano 1 (氧化恿酚)oxazole (噁醴)oxidation number (氧化值)oxidation state (氧化态)oxonium salt 盐)oxymatrine (氧化苦参碱)palmatine (巴马汀)papaverine (罂粟碱)paraffin (烷桂)pelargonidin (天竺葵素)peptide (肽)peptide bond (肽键)peptide linkage(肽键)pericyclic reaction (周环反应)Perkin reaction (柏金反应)permeation (透析法)peroxide (过氧化物)peroxide effect (过氧化物效应)phellamurin (黃柏素-7-0-葡萄糖昔)phenanthrene (菲)phenylalanine (苯丙氨酸)phosphorus ylide (麟叶立徳)phylloxanthin (叶黄素)physostigmine (毒扁豆碱)pinacol (频哪醇)pinene (菰烯)piperine (胡椒碱)plane polarized light (平面偏振光)polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (多环芳绘)polymer (聚合物)polynuclear aromatic compound (稠环芳绘)polypeptide (多肽)polyreaction (聚合反应)polysaccharide (多糖)polytetrafluroethyleney (泰氟隆)unsaturated fatty acid(不饱和脂肪酸)precipitation (沉淀法)primary structure (一级结构)proanthocyanidin (原花色素)progesterone (黃体酮)protein (蛋白质)pseudoephedrine (伪麻黄碱)pteridine (蝶唳)purine (卩票吟)pyran (毗喃)pyrazine (毗嗪)pyrazole (毗醴)pyridazine (哒嗪)pyridine (毗唏)pyrimidine (喘唳)pyrrole (毗咯)quaternary structure (四级结构)quercetin (榆I皮素)quinine (奎宁)quinoline (卩奎咻)quinones (醍)racemic mixture (外消旋体)racemization (外消旋化)rancidity (酸败)Raney Ni (兰尼線)reaction mechanism (反应历程)Reimer-Tiemann react ion (瑞穆尔一蒂曼反应)reserpine (利血平)residue (残基)resonance energy (共振能)resonance hybrid (共振杂化体)resonance theory (共振论)resonating structure (共振结构式)resveratrol (白藜芦醇)R. B. Woodward (伍徳沃德)rhe in (大黄酸)R. Hoffmann (霍夫曼)rhynchophylline (钩藤碱)ribonucleic acid(核糖核酸)ribose (核糖)rotation (旋光度)rutin (芦丁)saccharide (糖类)Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction (桑得迈尔一盖特曼反应)Sandmeyer reaction (桑得迈尔反应)saponification (皂化)saponification number (皂化值)Sarrett reagent (沙瑞特试剂)Sawhares projection (萨哈斯投影式)sawhorse projection formula(锯架式)Schiff* s base(西佛碱)secondary structure (二级结构)securinine (一叶萩碱)sennoside A、B、C、D (番泻昔A、B、C、D) serine(丝氨酸)sesquiterpenoids (倍半SS)sigmatropic reaction ( o 键迁移反应)silane (硅烷)single bond(单键)sinoacutine (清风藤碱)B—sitosterol (B一谷縉醇)skyrin (天精,酉昆茜素)S x(NucleophMie substitution)(亲核取代)S X1 (单分子亲核取代反应)S、・2 (双分子亲核取代反sodium borohydride reaction (四氢硼钠反应)sparteine (金雀花碱)specific rotation (比旋光度)sphingomyelin (鞘磷脂)spiro hydrocarbon (螺环坯)squalene (鲨烯)stachydrine (水苏碱)starch (淀粉)stereochemistry (立体化学)stereoisomer (立体异构)stereocpecificity (立体专一性)steroidal compound (笛体化合物)Stevens rearrangement (史蒂文斯重排)stigmastane (豆當烷)strychnine (士的F)sucrose (蔗糖)sulfonation (磺化反应)systematic nomenclature (系统命需法)taurocholic acid (牛磺胆酸)tautomer (互变异构体)tautomerism (互变异构现象)taxifolin (黄杉素)tea polyphenols (茶多酚)Teflon (泰氟隆)terpenoid (祜类化合物)tertiary structure (三级结构)testosterone (睾丸素)tetrahydropalmatine (延胡索乙素,四氢巴马汀)tetramethyl silane (四甲基硅烷)tetraterpenoid (四菇类)thiazole (噬醴)thiophene (卩塞吩)threonine (苏氨酸)torsional energy (扭转能)torsional strain (扭转张力)transition sate (过渡态)triglyceride (甘油三酯)trimethyl aluminium (三屮基铝)triptolide (雷公藤甲素)triterpenoid (三菇类)tryptophan (色氨酸)tylophorinine (娃儿藤定碱)tyrosine (酪氨酸)uridine (尿喀唏)urea (服)urotropine (乌洛托品)valence bond method (价键学说)valine (織氨酸)visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy (可见一紫外光谱)vitamin A(维生素A)vitamin B-(维生素BQWilkinson (威尔克森)Williamson synthesis (威廉森合成法)Wittig reaction (维蒂希反应)zingiberene (姜烯)Zusammen (Z,德文,在一起之意)中英对照A.J 反应历程(A J reaction mechanism )卩丫唳(acridine)埃姆德降解(Emde degradation)安息香缩合反应(benzoic condensation reaction) 氨基酸(amino acid)-氨基J 酸(-aminobutyric acid)氨解(ammonolysis)胺(amines)(azulene)B AC2反应历程(B AC2 reaction mechanism )巴比妥(barbital)巴马汀(palmatine)白藜芦醇(resveratrol)拜耳(Baeyer)佰赛儒(M. Besthelot)半缩醛(semiacetal )半胱氨酸(cysteine)半乳糖(galactose)包含物(inclusion compound)苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine)苯(benzene)苯甲酸(benzoic acid)班级学院苯二中酸(benzene dicarboxylic acid)苯并咪醴(benzimidazole)苯并U塞醴(benzothiazole)倍半?E (sesqui terpenoid)比旋光度(specific rotation)必需氨基酸(essential amino acid)变性(denature)变旋光现象(mutarotation)表儿茶素(epicatechin)表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate)表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin)表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate) 表面活性剂(surface active agent )槟榔碱(arecoline)丙氨酸(alanine)丙氨酸乙硫酯(ethyl alanine sulfide)丙二酰服(malonyl urea)伯察留史(Berzelius)柏金(Perkin)反应薄荷醇(menthol)()一薄荷醇(()一menthol)薄荷酮(menthone)布特力洛夫(Bytrepob)布朗反应(Braun reaction)残基(residue)草酸(oxalic acid)超共辘效应(hyperconjugation effect)差向异构体(epimer)查尔酮(chaicone)茶多酚(tea polyphenols)B -常山碱(B -dichroine)沉淀法(precipitation)橙皮素(hesperetin)橙花醇(nerol)稠环芳坯(polynuclear aromatic compound) 稠环碳架(fused ring carbon constitution) 醇钠(sodium alcohols)醇解(alcoholysis)穿心莲内酯(andrographo 1 i de)磁场扫描(magnetic field scan)B —雌二醇(B —dihydrotheelin)酉昔酸镁反应(magnesium acetate reaction ) 萃取法(extraction) DDQ (2, 3—二氯一5, 6—氛基一1, 4 —苯酉昆)大黃素型(emodin-type)大黄酸(rhein)大豆黄素(daidzein)大叶千里光碱(macrophyll ine)达尔森(Darzen)反应哒嗪(pyridazine)单键(single bond)单体(monomer)单蔥核(monoanthracene nucleus)单菇(monot erpeno i ds)单糖(monosaccha:ride)单线态(singlet)蛋氨酸(methionine)蛋白质(protein)胆當烷(cholestane)胆笛醇(cholesterol)胆笛酸(cholalic acid) 胆笛烷(cholestane) 胆笛醇(cholesterol)党参碱(codonopsine)等电点(isoelectric point , PI) 迪克曼反应(Dieckmann reaction ) 狄尔斯一阿尔德(Diels-Alher) 电场扫描(electric field scan) 电性效应(electromeric effect) 电荷转移络合物(charge-transfer complex) 碘仿试验(iodoform test) 碘值(iodine number )淀粉(starch)敌敌畏(dichlorovos)蝶唳(pteridine)丁烯二酸(butene dioic acid) 定位规则(orient at iong rule) 动力学概念(dynamical concept) 豆笛烷(stigmastane) 毒芹碱(coniine) 毒扁豆碱(physostigmine) 杜鹃酮(germacrone) 端基效应(end—group effect) 对映异构(enantiomerism) 对映体(enantiomers) 对氨基苯磺酰胺(sulfanilamide) 多环芳桂(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon)多糖(polysaccharide)多肽(polypeptide)多磷酸酯(polyphosphate ester)E (entgegen,德文,相反之意)EAN 规则(EAN rule)莪术醇(curcumenol)鹅去氧胆酸(chemocholic acid)噁醴(oxazole)蔥(anthracene)蔥酚(anthrol)蔥I® (anthraquinones)蔥酮(anthrone)9-蔥酮大黃酚(chrysophanol 9-anthrone)儿茶素(catechin)〔烯桂(diene)〔氯卡宾(dichlorocarbene)—.屮亚飒(dimethyl sulfoxide)—•硫基丙醇(dimercaptopropanol ):级结构(secondary structure):氢黃酮(flavanone)—.氢黃酮醇(flavanonol)"•氢异黄酮(isoflavanone)二氢查尔酮(dihydrochalcone)二桔类(diterpenoids)番泻昔A、B、C、D(sennoside A、B、C、D) 番茄红素(lycopene)反芳香性化合物(antiaromatic compound)反应历程(reaction mechanism)反应热(heat of reaction)芳香绘(aromatic hydrocarbon)芳香性(aromaticity)芳香性化合物(aroniatic compound)芳构化(aromatization)放氮反应(denitr辻ication)E 燕草素(delphinidin)非芳香性化合物(nonaromatic compound)非离子表面活性剂(nonionic)非对映体(diasteroisomer)非质子性溶剂(nonprotonic solvent )非苯芳坯(nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon)菲(phenanthrene)斐林溶液(Fehting solution )费歇尔(E. Fischer)费歇尔投影式(Fischer projection formula)分子轨道(molecular orbital)分子轨道对称性守恒理论(conservation of orbital symmetry theory)分子轨道理论(molecular orbital theory)酚节明(Phenoxybenzamine)芬克尔斯坦(Finkelstein)芬氟拉明(fenfluramine)粪笛烷(coprostane)氟芬那酸(flufenamic Acid)福井谦一(K. Fukui)傅-克反应(Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction)傅瑞斯重排(K. fries rearrangement)傅瑞德-克拉天茨反应(Friedel-Crafts reaction)辅酶Qw( coenzyme Q10)咲喃(furan)盖布瑞尔合成法(Gabreil reaction)盖特曼一科希(Gattermann-Koch)反应甘露糖(mannose)甘氨酸(glycine)甘油(glycerol)甘氨胆酸(glycocholic acid)甘草酸(glycyrrhizic acid)甘草次酸(glycyrrhetinic acid)甘草昔(liquiritin)高丽槐素(maackiain)睾丸素(testosterone)隔离—.烯桂(isolated diene) 格林那试剂(Grignard reagent) 哥美林(Gmelin)共振能(resonance energy)共振论(resonance theory) 共振杂化体(resonance hybrid) 共振结构式(resonating structure) 共轨效应(conjugative effect) 共辄体系(conjugation system) 共辄二烯烧(conjugated diene) 构象(conformation)构象异构(conformational isomerism) 构造异构(constitutional isomerism) 构型保持(configuration conservation) 构型转化(configuration inversion) 钩藤碱(rhynchophyll ine)B —谷笛醇(B —sitosterol)谷氨酸(glutamic acid)谷酰胺(glutamine)古柏尔(A. Couper)古柯碱(cocaine)M(guanidine )寡糖(o 1 igasaccharide)冠瞇(crown ether)光学异构体(optical isomer)硅烷(silane)硅油(silicon oil)过氧化物(peroxide)过氧化物效应(peroxide effect)过渡态(transition state)果糖(fructose)哈沃斯(Haworth)海藻糖(fucose)核磁共振谱(nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) 核昔酸(nucleotide)核甘(nucleoside)核酸(nucleic acid)核糖(ribose)(~) -黑金合欢素[(-)melacacidin)]红古豆碱(cuskohygrine)红花昔(carthamin)红夕卜光谱(infrared spectroscopy)互变异构现象(tautomerism)互变异构体(tautomer)胡萝卜素(carotene)胡椒碱(piperine)榊皮素(quercetin)化学键(chemical bond)花色素(anthocyanidin)环坯(cyclic hydrocarbon)环氧化反应(epoxidation)环力口成反应(cycloaddition recation)环状碳架(cyclic carbon constitution)环己—•酮(cyclic hexanedione)环糊精(cyclodextrin)a , B —环氧酸酯(a , B —cycloxacid ester)黄柏素-7-0-葡萄糖昔(phellamurin)黄苓素(baicalein)黄苓昔(baicalin)黃杉素(tax辻olin)黄酮(flavonoid)黃酮醇(flavonol)黃烷醇(flavanol)黃体酮(progesterone)磺胺(sulfan 订amide)磺化反应(sulfonation)活化能(energy of activation)霍夫曼(R. Hofmann)霍夫曼降解反应(Hoffmann degradation)霍夫曼消除(Hoffmann elimination)霍夫曼彻底甲基化反应(Hoffmann exhaustive methylation) 儿何异构体(geometrical isomer)己二胺(hexanediamine)(quaternary ammonium salt)W (quaternnary ammonium hydrate )季丿憐盐(quaternary phosphonium salt )激素(hormone)中孕酮(methporgestin)屮基睾丸素(methyl testosterone)屮基锂(lithium methide)甲壳质(chitin)价键学说(valence bond method)假酸式(pseudo-acid form )O 键(o bond)o 键迁移反应(sigma tropic reaction)兀键(Ji bond)碱基配对规律(base pairing rule)姜烯(zingiberene)胶束(micelle)交义醇醛缩合反应(crossed aldol reaction)金合欢醇(farnesol)金属有机化合物(metalloorganic compound)金雀花碱(sparteine)金鸡宇(cinchonine)金刚烷胺(symmetrel)紧密离子对(tightness ionpair )精氨酸(arginine)竞争反应(competing reaction )聚合物(polymer)聚合反应(polyreaction)聚集二烯桂(cumulative diene)锯架式(andiron formula ; sawhorse projection formula) 卡宾(碳烯)(Carbene)开息纳尔一武尔夫(Kishner-WoIff)—黃鸣龙法凯库勒(A. Kekule) 康尼查罗(Cannizzaro )反应科尔贝(H・Kolbe)科瑞一郝思反应(E.J.Cory—H. House reaction) 可的松(cortisone) 可见一紫外光谱(visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy)克莱森一斯密特(Claisen-Schmidt)反应克脑文盖尔(Knoevenagel)反应克莱门森(Clemmensen)还原反应克莱森重排(Claisen rearrangement)克莱森缩合反应(Claisen condensation reaction ) 柯尔柏-施密特反应(Kolbe-schmidt reaction) 柯亚素(chrysarobin)壳糖胺(chitos&mine)苦参碱(matrine)库切洛夫反应(Kutchcrov reaction)奎宇(quinine)卩奎卩林(quinoline)酉昆(quinones)醍氢酿(quinhydrone)莱普西汀(leptosidin)赖氨酸(lysine)兰尼银(Raney Ni )奁君碱(hyoscyamine)雷公藤屮素(triptolide)利血平(reserpine)立体选择性(stereoselective)立体专一性(stereospecific)立体异构(stereoisomer)离域(delocalization)离域能(delocalization energy ;delocalized energy) 离域电子(delocalized electron)离去基团(leaving group )链引发阶段(chain initiation step)链增长阶段(chain propagation step)链终止阶段(chain termination step) 链状碳架(chain carbon constitution) 亮氨酸(leucine)林德拉(Lindlar)麟叶立德(phosphorus ylide)0葬(phosphureted hydrogen)錢盐(phosphorate)麟酸(phosphonic acid )硫W(thiourea )硫醇(thioalcohol )硫® (thioether )硫酚(phenylsulfhydryl )留氮反应(reaction of nitrogen retention)龙脑(borneol)卤代反应(halogenation)卤仿(haloform)卤仿反应(haloform reaction )卢卡斯试剂(Lucas reagent)芦荟大黄素(aloe-emodin)芦丁(rutin)ci —卵磷脂(ci —lecithine )轮烯(annulene)酪氨酸(tyrosine)罗勒烯(ocimene)罗森孟德(Rosenmund)还原法螺环绘(spiro hydrocarbon)班级学院氯乙酸屮酯(methyl chloroacetate) (chloro acetyl formate) 绿茶多酚(green tea polyphenols)马尔可夫尼可夫(Markovnikov)规则麻黄碱(ephedrine)吗啡(morphine)麦可拉费蒂(Mclafferty)麦芽糖(maltose)麦角笛醇(ergostenol)麦角新碱(ergometrine)麦克尔加成(Michael addition)满尼希(Mannich)反应梅尔外英一彭多夫(Meerwein-Poundorf)还原反应酶(enzyme)没食子儿茶素(gallocatechin)没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(gallocatechin gallate)眯基(amidino)喘唳(pyrimidine)咪卩坐(imidazole)那可汀(narcotine)钠汞齐反应(natrium amalgam reaction)蔡(naphthalene)脑磷脂(cephalin)内消旋体(meso —form)尼科尔棱镜(Nicol prism)服(尿素)(urea)鸟嚓吟(guanine)尿喘唳(uracil)柠檬醛(citral)苧烯(limonene)牛磺胆酸(taurocholic acid)纽曼投影式(Newmans projection formular)扭转能(torsional energy)扭转张力(torsional strain)欧芬脑尔氧化反应(Oppenaner oxidizing reaction) 偶氮基(azo) 偶合(偶联)反应(coupling reaction)偶合组分(或偶合剂)(coupling agent )偶极-离子键(dipolar-ionic bond )浪烯(pinene)硼氢化反应(hydroboration)硼氢化钠("BHJ毗哆醛(pyridoxal)毗咯(pyrrole)毗喃(pyran)毗嗪(pyrazine)毗醴(pyrazole)毗唳(pyridine)嚓吟(purine)频哪醇(pinacol)平面偏振光(plane polarized light)平伏键(e 键,equatorial bonds)苹果多酚(apple polyphenols)普鲁卡因(procaine )葡萄糖(glucose)歧化反应(disproportionation reaction )前列腺素(prostaglandin)前线轨道(frontier orbital)理论茜草素(alizarin)茜素型(alizarin-type)强心昔(cardiac glycosides)疑月亏酸(hydroximic acid )B —羟基醛(B —hydroxy aldehyde )桥环绘(bridged hydrocarbon)鞘磷脂(sphingomyelinicacid)亲电性试剂(electrophile)亲电加成反应(electrophilic addition)亲电取代(electrophilic substitution)亲核试剂(nucleophilic reagent)亲核加成反应(nucleoph订ic addition)亲核取代(nucleophilic substitution)亲核取代反应历程(nucleophilic substitution reavtion mechanism) 亲双烯体(dienophile)芹菜素(apigenin)氢解(hydrogenolysis)氢化苯基锡(hydrogenation benztin)氢化正丁基锡(hydrogenation butyltin )氢化油(hydrogenated oil )氢化可的松(hydrocort i sone)氢化热(heat of hydrogenation)氢屮酰化法(hydroformylation)氢键(hydrogen bond)清风藤碱(sinoacutine)琼斯试剂(Jones reagent)块桂(alkyne)热力学概念(thermodynamic conception )溶剂化效应(solvating effect)乳糖(lactose)瑞穆尔-蒂曼反应(Reamer-Timann reaction)萨哈斯投影式(Sawhares projection)卩塞吩(thiophene)嚏醴(thiazole)三菇(triterpenoids)三屮基铝(trimethyl aluminium)三级结构(tertiary structure)三线态(triplet state)三苯基麟(triphenyl phosphine)三磷酸腺昔(adenosine triphosphate)桑得迈尔反应(Sandmeyer reaction)桑得迈尔一盖特曼反应(Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction) 色氨酸(tryptophan)色谱法(chromatography)沙瑞特试剂(Sarrett reagent)鲨烯(squalene)山油柑碱(acronyc ine)山扁豆双覘(cassiamine)山梗菜碱(lobeline)肾上腺皮质激素(adrenal cortex hormone)生物甲基化(biological methylate)18 电子规则(18- electron rule)史蒂文斯重排(Stevens rearrangement)石松碱(lycopodine)士的F (strychnine)矢车菊素(cyanidin)手性(chirality)水苏碱(stachydrine)双蔥核(bi-anthracene nucleus)双烯体(diene)J顺反异构(cistrans isomerism)顺反异构体(cis-trans isomer)四氢巴马汀(tetrahydropalmatine)四级结构(quaternary structure)四氢硼钠反应(sodium borohydride reaction) 四菇(quadruterpene)四屮基硅烷(tetramethylsilane)丝氨酸(serine)松香酸(abietic acid)苏氨酸(threonine)酸败(rancidity )缩醛(acetal)缩二腺反应(biuret reaction)肽(peptide)肽键(peptide bond)碳水化合物(carbohydrate)碳酰氯(carbonyl chloride :phosgene )糖类(saccharide)糖昔(glycoside)糖原(glycogen)天冬氨酸(aspartic acid)天精(skyrin)天竺葵素(pelargonidin)SE 类化合物(terpenoids)同系列(homologous series)同系物(homolog)同分异构体(isomer)酮(ketone)透析法(permeation)1- 吐根碱(1-emetine)脱竣反应(decarboxylic reaction)娃儿藤定碱(tylophorinine)瓦尔登转化(Walden inversion)外消旋体(racemic mixture)外消旋化(racemization)烷绘(alkane)维生素A (vitamin A)维生素By (vitamin B1:)维生素Ki、K: (vitamin K】、K2 )维蒂希反应(Wittig reaction)伪麻黃碱(pseudoephedrine)威尔克森(wilkinson)威廉森合成法(W订liamson synthesis)武勒(F. Wohler)无色矢车菊素(leucocyanidin)伍德沃德(R. B. Woodward)武兹反应(A. Wurtz reaction)烯怪(alkene)系统命名法(systematic nomenclature)西佛碱(Schiff ' s base)希夫(schiff)试剂吸电子共轨效应(electronwithdrawing conjugative effect) 喜树碱(camptothecine)西佛碱(schiff base)希曼反应(G・ Schiemann reaction)纤维二糖(cellobiose)纤维素(cellulose)腺U票吟(adenine)硝化反应(nitration)消除反应(elimination reaction)小漿碱(berberine)硝基化合物(nitro compounds)协同反应(concerted reaction)織氨酸(valine)()—新薄荷醇[()—neomentholJ兴斯堡反应(Hinsberg reaction)胸腺唏唳(thymine) 12-15休克尔规则(HUckel rule)比旋光度(specific rotatory power)旋光仪(optical rotation instrument)旋光异构体(optical isomer)血红素(haemachrome )亚硝酸(nitrous acid)烟碱(nicotine)延胡索乙素(tetrahydropalmatine)盐酸-镁粉反应(HCl-Mg powder reaction)盐酸-锌粉反应(HCl-Zn powder reaction)徉. 盐(oxonium salt)氧化苦参碱(oxymatrine)氧化蔥酚(oxanthranol)氧化态(oxidation state)氧化值(oxidation number)阳离子表面活性剂(cationic surface active agent)叶黄素(phylloxanthin)叶绿素(chlorophyll)一叶萩碱(securinine)—野白合碱(monocrotaline)一级结构(primary structure)乙硼烷(diborane)1 —乙烘基环戊醇(1 —ethynyl cyclopentanol )乙二胺(ethylene diamine)乙烯酮(ethenone ; ketene )乙酸(acetic acid)乙二酸(ethanedioic acid )异kT草素(isoliquiritigenin)异黄酮(isoflavone)异鼠李素(isorhamnetin)异钩藤碱(i s orhynchophy lline)异亮氨酸(isoleucine)异头物(anomer)异头效应(anomeric effect)异噁醴(isoxazole)异嚏醴(isothiazole)异月青(月卡)(isonitrile)异唾咻(isoquinoline)胰岛素(insulin)阴离子表面活性剂(anionic surface active agent)即三酮(ninhydrin )“引口朵(indole)罂粟碱(papaverine)油脂(axunge; grease; lipin;)有效原子序数(effective atomic number)有机金属化合物(organometallic compound)有机锂(organic-Li) (organic lithium ) (organolithium compound) 诱导效应(inductive effect)羽扇豆碱(lupinine)愈创木奥(guaiazulene)原花色素(proanthocyanidin)莺尾昔(iridin)原子轨道(atomic orbital)Z (Zusammen,德文,在一起之意)杂化轨道(hybrid orbital)杂环碳架(heterocycle carbon constitution)笛体化合物(steroidal compound)皂化反应(sapon辻ication reaction)皂化值(s&pon辻ication value)扎依采夫(Saytzeff)规则樟柳碱(anisodine)樟脑(camphor)蔗糖(sucrose)-折叠(beta-pleated sheet)蒸镭法(distillation)质谱(mass spectroscopy)质子性溶剂(protonic solvent)月旨环桂(alicyclic hydrocarbon: cycloalkane) 直立键(a 键,axial bond)重氮化反应(diazotization reaction)重氮盐(diazonium salt)重氮组分(diazocomponent)重氮中烷(diazomethane)周环反应(pericyclic reaction)转化糖(invert sugar)自由基(free radical)自山基链反应(free radical chain reaction)B —紫罗兰酮(P — ionone )组氨酸(histidine)。

脂肪酸各种命名对照表

脂肪酸各种命名对照表

脂肪酸各种命名对照表系统英文名称常见中文名称C4:0Butyric丁酸C6:0Caproic己酸羊油酸C8:0Caprylic辛酸羊脂酸C10:0Capric癸酸羊蜡酸、发酸C11:0Undecanoic十一(烷)酸C12:0Lauric十二(烷)酸月桂酸C13:0Tridecanoic十三(烷)酸C14:0Myristic肉蔻酸、肉豆蔻酸C14:1Myristoleic十四(碳)烯酸肉蔻油酸、肉豆蔻烯酸C14:1t trans-MyristelaidicC15:0Pentadecanoic十五(烷)酸C15:1PentadecenoicC16:0Palmitic十六(烷)酸软脂酸、棕榈酸C16:1t trans-PalmitelaidicC16:1Palmitoleic棕榈油酸、棕榈亚酸、肌肤软脂酸C17:0Margaric珍珠酸C17:1MargaroleicC18:0Stearic十八(烷)酸硬脂酸C18:1t trans6-PetroselenicC18:1t trans-Elaidic反十八碳烯酸反油酸C18:1t trabs11-VaccenicC18:1PetroselenicC18:1Oleic油酸C18:1Vaccenic十八烯酸C18:1Octadecenoic油脂酯酸C18:2t trans-Linolelaidic反亚油酸C18:2t trans9-Linolelaidic反亚油酸C18:2t trans12-Linolelaidic反亚油酸C18:2Linoleic亚油酸C20:0Arachidic二十(烷)酸花生酸C18:3g-linolenicC20:1Eicosenic cis 5C20:1t Eicosenic cis 11C20:1Eicosenic cis 8C20:1Eicosenic cis 11C20:1Eicosenic cis 13C18:3Linolenic亚麻酸C18:2Linolenic-conjugated共轭亚麻油酸C18:2Linolenic-conjugated共轭亚麻油酸C21:0Heneicosanoic二十一烷酸C18:2Linolenic-conjugated共轭亚麻油酸C18:4OctadectetraenoicC20:2Eicosadienoic二十碳二烯酸附子脂酸C22:0Behenic二十二碳烷酸山嵛酸、辣木子油酸、山酸C20:3g-Eicosatrienoic花生三烯酸廿碳三烯酸C22:1Cetoleic二十二烯酸鲸油酸、鲸蜡烯酸C22:1Erucic芥酸瓢儿菜油酸C20:3Eicosatrienoic花生三烯酸C20:4Arachidonic花生四烯酸C23:0Tricosanoic二十三碳酸C22:2DocosadienoicC24:0Lignoceric二十四烷酸廿四酸、木蜡酸C20:5Eicosapentaenoic廿碳五烯酸C24:1Nervonic二十四(碳)烯酸神经酸C22:3DocosatrienoicC22:4DocosatetraenoiocC22:5Docosapentaenoic二十二碳五烯酸C22:6Docosahexaenoic二十二碳六稀酸DHA。

表4饱和脂肪酸中文名英文名化学式碳数m.p.(℃)月桂酸肉豆蔻酸

表4饱和脂肪酸中文名英文名化学式碳数m.p.(℃)月桂酸肉豆蔻酸

表4飽和脂肪酸表5不飽和脂肪酸表6其他脂肪酸以上所列脂肪酸之來源為天然的油脂經過水反應而得到的產物,市售之脂肪酸多數為二種或二種以上脂肪酸之混合物。

脂肪酸為製造肥皂及各種界面活性劑、酯類等之原料;脂肪酸亦有潤滑之作用,常被用於口紅的配方。

表4中之飽和脂肪酸的熔點(m.p.)隨著碳數的增加而升高,其中硬脂酸是最早被用於化妝品中的脂肪酸,使用量亦最大,可賦予霜狀化妝品真珠光澤,而二十二酸之碳數較多,熔點較高,安定性及耐溫性較優越,常使用在含水量較高的乳化製品。

不飽和脂肪酸的熔點比飽和脂肪酸低,不飽和脂肪酸對髮膚有柔軟的作用,可直接用於化妝品中,其中油酸有防只配方中硬脂酸結晶之功效,而亞油酸是動物發育所必需的脂肪酸,在化妝品亦常用於營養製品。

另外表6的脂肪酸,有羥基油酸,其為透明皂的重要原料;而羊毛脂脂肪酸是一種複雜之混合脂肪酸,對皮膚之浸透性佳,並有抗菌性,乳化安定性優越,可改善乳化製品使用感。

乳化劑之性質(properties of musifiers)乳化劑的HLB(Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance)值係表示乳化劑對水及油之相對吸引力,若HLB值較低,則乳化劑之親油性(lipophilic)較親水性(hydrophilic)為大。

HLB值較高則乳化劑親水性較大。

一般HLB值範圍1~40,中點約在10。

二種或多種乳化劑混合,其HLB值有加成性。

例如A與B二種乳化劑混合,A 佔1/3且HLB值為8,而B之HLB值為16,則混合後之HLB值為10。

非離子界面活性劑之HLB值可由公式:HLB=20(1-S/A)計算或實驗測定而得。

S=皂化價,A=酸價。

若無皂化價,則代HLB=(E+P)/ 5公式計算,E=oxyethylene 含量的百分率,P=多元醇(甘油、己六醇)之百分率。

這些公式可滿足多數非離子界面活性劑。

但對離子界面活性劑則不適用,則需由實驗方法測得,如表3-3所示。

例如:配方(乳液)Beeswax 5%Mineral oil 26Hydrogenated vegetable oil 18Polyol 4Emulsifier 5~10Wate to make 100油相(5+26+18=49%)“所需的”HLB值計算如下:油或臘“所需的”HLBBeeswax(5/49)=10 x 15=1.5Mineral oil(26/49)=53 x 10=5.3Vegetable oil(18/49)=37 x 7.5=2.8油相“所需的”之HLB值約10(1.5+5.3+2.8),所以選擇二種或多種乳化劑以不同比例混合,使其混合後之HLB值接近10,則可得最好的乳液。

常见脂肪酸英文对照

常见脂肪酸英文对照

己酸(caproicacid)辛酸(caprylicacid)癸酸(capricacid)月桂酸(lauricacid)肉豆蔻酸(myristicacid)棕植]酸(palmiticacid)棕植]油酸(palmitoleicacid)硬月旨酸(stearicacid)油酸(oleicacid)反油酸(elaidicacid)亚油酸(linoleicacid)a-亚麻酸(a-1inolenicacid)Y-亚麻酸(Y-1inolenicacid)花生酸(arachidicacid)花生四烯酸(arachidonicacid)二十碳五烯酸(timnodonicacid,EPA)芥子酸(erucicacid)二十二碳五烯酸(鳏鱼酸)(clupanodonicacid) 二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexenoicacid,DHA)二十四碳单烯酸(神经酸)(nervonicacid)C4:0C6:0C8:0C10:0C12:0C14:0C16:0C16:1,n-7cisC18:0C18:1,n-9cisC18:1,n-9transC18:2,n-6,9,allcisC18:3,n-3,6,9,allcisC18:3,n-6,9,12allcisC20:0C20:4,n-6,9,12,15allcisC20:5,n-3,6,9,12,15allcisC22:1,n-9cisC22:5,n-3,6,9,12,15allcisC22:6,n-3,6,9,12,15,18allcis C24:1,n-9cis碳水化合物(carbohydrate)分类:单糖(monosaccharide)葡萄糖(glucose)果糖(fructose)半乳糖(galactose) 其它单糖:核糖(ribose)脱氧核糖(deoxyribose)阿拉伯糖(arabinose)木糖(xylose) 糖醇:山梨醇(sorbitol)甘露醇(mannitol)木糖醇(xylitol)麦芽糖醇(maltitol)肌醇(inositol)双糖(disaccharide)蔗糖(sucrose)孚L糖(lactose)麦芽糖(maltose)海藻糖(trehalose)寡糖(oligosaccharide)棉子糖(raffinose)水苏糖(stachyose)多糖(polysaccharide)直链淀粉(amylose)支链淀粉(amylopectin)不溶性纤维:(solublefiber)纤维素(cellulose)某些半纤维素(hemicellulose)木质素(lignin)可溶性纤维:(insolublefiber)果胶(pectin)树胶(gum)粘胶(mucilage)少数半纤维素蛋白质互补作用(complementaryaction)蛋白质消化率(digestibility)蛋白质利用率(utilization)真消化率(truedigestibility)表观消化率(apparentdigestibility)生物价(biologicalvalue,BV)蛋白质净利用率(netproteinutilization,NPU)蛋白质功效比值(proteineffciencyratio,PER)氨基酸评分(aminoacidscore,AAS)相对蛋白质值(relativeproteinvalue,RPV)净蛋白质比值(netproteinratio,NPR)氮平衡指数(nitrogenbalanceindex,NBI)氨基酸模式(aminoacidpattern)零氮平衡(zeronitrogenbalance)正氮平衡(positivenitrogenbalance)负氮平衡(negativenitrogenbalance)乳糜微粒(chylomicron,CM)异亮氨酸Isoleucine(lle)亮氨酸Leucine(Leu)赖氨酸Lysine(Lys) 蛋氨酸Methionine(Met)苯丙氨酸Phenylalanine(Phe)苏氨酸Threonine(Thr)色氨酸Tryptophan(Trp)缴氨酸Valine(Val)组氨酸Histidine(His)丙氨酸Alanine(Ala)精氨酸Arginine(Arg)天门冬氨酸Asparticacid(Asp)天门冬酰胺Asparagine(Asn)谷氨酸Glutamicacid(Glu)谷氨酰胺Glutamine(Gln)甘氨酸Glycine(Gly)脯氨酸Proline(Pro)丝氨酸Serine(Ser)半胱氨酸Cysteine(Cys)酪氨酸Tyrosine(Tyr)。

脂肪酸-fy

脂肪酸-fy

脂肪酸的组成 (1)
饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acid):不含 有—C=C—双键的脂肪酸。 不饱和脂肪酸(unsaturated fatty acid): 至少含有—C=C—双键的脂肪酸。 必需脂肪酸(essential fatty acid):维持哺 乳动物正常生长所必需的,而动物又不能合 成的脂肪酸,如亚油酸,亚麻酸。 三脂酰苷油(triacylglycerol):又称为甘油 三酯。一种含有与甘油脂化的三个脂酰基的 酯。脂肪和油是三脂酰甘油的混合物。 磷脂(phospholipid):含有磷酸成分的脂。 如卵磷脂,脑磷脂。
为人体营养所必亚麻酸简称lna属3系列多烯脂肪酸简写pufa为全顺式91215十八碳三烯酸它以甘油酯的形式存在于深绿色植物中是构成人体组织细胞的主要成分在体内不能合成代谢转化为机体必需的生命活性因子dha和epa
脂肪酸的概念
脂肪酸(fatty acid)是指一端含有 脂肪酸( ) 一个羧基的长的脂肪族碳氢链,是 有机物,通式是C(n)H(2n+1)COOH, 低级的脂肪酸是无色液体,有刺激 气味,高级的脂肪酸是蜡状固体。 脂肪酸是最简单的一种脂,它是许 多更复杂的脂的成分。可能呈饱和 (没有双键)或不饱和(携有双键)。一 般多为直链,有的亦会出现支链。 脂肪酸在有充足氧供给的情况 下,可氧化分解为CO2和H2O,释放 大量能量,因此脂肪酸是机体主要 能量来源之一。
肉豆蔻酸
学名十四酸 十四烷酸 十四酸(十四烷酸 十四酸 十四烷酸)。白色蜡 状结晶固体。相对密度0.8439 (80℃)。熔点58℃。沸点 250.5℃(13.3千帕,100毫米汞 柱)。折射率1.4305(60℃)。不溶 于水,溶于乙醇和乙醚。 分子式:C14H26O2 分子量:226.36 由椰子油的脂肪酸经分馏而制得。

一些食品中可能含有的脂肪酸翻译

一些食品中可能含有的脂肪酸翻译
Hexylacetic acid; Caprylic acid
(正)癸酸
羊蜡酸
decanoic acid;capric acid
(正)十二烷酸
月桂酸,存在于椰子油和月桂油等中。
lauric acid
(正)十四烷酸
豆蔻酸、肉豆蔻酸
Myristic acid, 1-tridecanecarboxylic acid
(正)庚酸
庚酸、葡萄花酸、毒水芹酸,用于生产庚酸酯类产品,作香料的原料。抗霉菌药。
Heptanoic acid; Enanthic acid; Oenanthic acid; Oenanthylic acid;
(正)辛酸
羊脂酸,天然品存在于肉豆蔻、柠檬草、苹果、椰子油、葡萄酒、酒花等中,可用作食用香料
十二碳烯酸,由于烯基位置不同而有多种异构体,需向下细分
dodecenoic acid
十二碳-5-烯酸
林德酸,多存在于鲸油和鲸及鲸脑油中
Linderic acid
十二碳-9-烯酸
月桂烯酸
lauoleic acid
顺-9-十四碳烯酸
肉蔻油酸、肉豆蔻烯酸
Myristoleic
顺-9-十六碳烯酸
鳖酸、棕榈油酸
palmitoleic acid, 9-hexadecenoic acid
正十七碳烯酸,由于烯基位置不同而有多种异构体,需向下细分
Margaroleic
顺-9-十八碳烯酸
油酸,油酸与硝酸作用,则异构化为反式异构体
oleic acid
顺-11-十八碳烯酸
顺式异油酸
vaccenic acid
12-羟-顺-9-十八碳烯酸
全顺式-5,8,11,14,17-二十碳五烯酸
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己酸(caproic acid) 辛酸(caprylic acid) 癸酸(capric acid)
月桂酸(1auric acid) 肉豆蔻酸(myristic acid) 棕榈酸(palmitic acid) 棕榈油酸(palmitoleic acid) 硬脂酸(stearic acid) 油酸(oleic acid) 反油酸(elaidic acid) 亚油酸(1inoleic acid) α-亚麻酸(α-1inolenic acid) γ-亚麻酸(γ-1inolenic acid) 花生酸(arachidic acid) 花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid) 二十碳五烯酸(timnodonic acid ,EPA ) 芥子酸(erucic acid) 二十二碳五烯酸(鰶鱼酸)(clupanodonic acid) 二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexenoic acid ,DHA)
二十四碳单烯酸(神经酸)(nervonic acid) C 4:0
C 6:0 C 8:0 C10:0 C12:0 C14:0 C16:0
C16:1,n-7 cis C18:0
C18:1,n-9 cis C18:1,n-9 trans C18:2,n-6,9,all cis C18:3,n-3,6,9,all cis C18:3,n-6,9,12 all cis C20:0
C20:4,n-6,9,12,15 all cis C20:5,n-3,6,9,12,15 all cis C22:1,n-9 cis
C22:5,n-3,6,9,12,15 all cis
C22:6,n-3,6,9,12,15,18 all cis
C24:1,n-9 cis
碳水化合物(carbohydrate) 分类:
单糖(monosaccharide)
葡萄糖(glucose)
果糖(fructose)
半乳糖(galactose)
其它单糖:
核糖(ribose)
脱氧核糖(deoxy ribose)
阿拉伯糖(arabinose)
木糖(xylose)
糖醇:
山梨醇(sorbitol)
甘露醇(mannitol)
木糖醇(xylitol)
麦芽糖醇(maltitol)
肌醇(inositol)
双糖(disaccharide)
蔗糖(sucrose)
乳糖(1actose)
麦芽糖(maltose)
海藻糖(trehalose)
寡糖(oligosaccharide)
棉子糖(raffinose)
水苏糖(stachyose)
多糖(polysaccharide)
直链淀粉(amylose)
支链淀粉(amylopectin)
不溶性纤维:(soluble fiber)
纤维素(cellulose)
某些半纤维素(hemicellulose)
木质素(1ignin)
可溶性纤维:(insoluble fiber)
果胶(pectin)
树胶(gum)
粘胶(mucilage)
少数半纤维素
蛋白质互补作用(complementary action)
蛋白质消化率(digestibility)
蛋白质利用率(utilization)
真消化率(true digestibility)
表观消化率(apparent digestibility)
生物价(biological value,BV)
蛋白质净利用率(net protein utilization,NPU) 蛋白质功效比值(protein effciency ratio,PER)氨基酸评分(amino acid score,AAS)
相对蛋白质值(relative protein value,RPV)
净蛋白质比值(net protein ratio,NPR)
氮平衡指数(nitrogen balance index,NBI)
氨基酸模式(amino acid pattern)
零氮平衡(zero nitrogen balance)
正氮平衡(positive nitrogen balance)
负氮平衡(negative nitrogen balance)
乳糜微粒(chylomicron,CM)
异亮氨酸 Isoleucine(Ile)亮氨酸 Leucine(Leu)
赖氨酸 Lysine(Lys)
蛋氨酸 Methionine(Met)
苯丙氨酸 Phenylalanine(Phe)苏氨酸 Threonine(Thr)
色氨酸 Tryptophan(Trp)
缬氨酸 Valine(Val)
组氨酸 Histidine(His)
丙氨酸 Alanine(Ala)
精氨酸 Arginine(Arg)
天门冬氨酸 Aspartic acid(Asp)天门冬酰胺 Asparagine(Asn)
谷氨酸 Glutamic acid(Glu)谷氨酰胺 Glutamine(Gln)
甘氨酸 Glycine(Gly)
脯氨酸 Proline(Pro)
丝氨酸 Serine(Ser)
半胱氨酸 Cysteine(Cys)
酪氨酸 Tyrosine(Tyr)。

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