基英翻译unit5
Unit 5 参考译文
Translation of Text A (for reference only)Text A手机：你未来的个人电脑１119小时41分16秒——这个数字是生活在费城的一个叫亚当·拉波波特的高中生在上个光明节期间受到了一部银色的LG Verizon手机的礼物后，用手机打电话所花费的谈话时间。
然而，这还仅仅是他爱好的一小部分。
他还花费了不知多少时间用手机上网察看体育比赛的得分、下载新的铃声（每条收费1美元）和向朋友的手机发短信。
甚至连上课时他也照玩不误。
他说：“我对电话的按钮式拨号键盘比对电脑键盘还熟。
我是手机迷。
”２在地球另一端的东京，小矶哲（音）也紧盯着他的手机。
小矶哲正在读大学三年级。
他住在全球各种新鲜玩意儿齐聚的首都—东京。
在这里，有20%的手机连接到了全球最快的移动网络上。
东经人用手机看电视，阅读书刊，外加玩游戏。
但是小矶哲也使用电话做一些较为简单且较有意义的事儿：每天早上，他的手机小屏幕上会弹出一条反吸烟的消息，这是一个旨在帮助学生戒烟的活动的一部分。
某天的信息这样写道：“教师们也在竭力反对吸烟，并且会一直这么做。
”３在某个欧洲机场，彼得·希尔唐恩正在等下一个航班。
他是芬兰一家公司的电脑销售经理，1994年曾曾经获得芬兰业余汽车拉力赛冠军。
不过年届32的他对于这项爱好有些力不从心了，而且他每星期都的出差。
为了打发时间，他时常把《Riento!》体育杂志下载到自己的手机上阅读。
花2欧元，出版商Sendandsee就可以为他提供8业的体育赛事和运动员的图文信息。
４科技革命常以两种特色出现：或是惊人的迅速，或是难以觉察的迟缓。
迅速的一类，如各种数字式音乐播放器突然遍地开花，或是音乐共享网站大量出现，似乎都是转瞬间即改变了文化的面貌。
而那些较缓慢发生的变化则往往持续数十年，以渐进、微妙的方式改变我们的生活和工作方式。
世界各地手机的涌现是缓慢的，但却势如破竹，不可阻挡。
1977年AT&T在芝加哥为2，000用户首推出了蜂窝网系统，那时手机的外形及重量几乎相当于一块砖头。
基英课文概述summary(第三册)
Unit 1 Fresh StartI first began to wonder what I was doing on a college compus anyway when my parents drove off . My plan was to keep my ears open and my mouth shut .The next morning , I found my first class and marched in . But I was in the wrong building . After class , I went to the cafeteria , I stepped in a large puddle of ketchup and my rear end met the floor . It ended with my first day of college class . I was very frustrated . But later , a composed and very confident football player let me realized I had been taking myself far too seriously .So I gave up trying to act my way through college and began not acting at all . Three years after graduation , I’m still making mistakes , and I’m even being forgiven for a few .Unit 2 Tranny of the UrgentHave you ever wished for a thirty-hour gay ? We seemed have a lot of things undone . But would a thirty-hour day really solve the problem ? Prolongation of time doesn’t really solve the problem . We find ourselves working more and enjoying it less . Our dilemma goes deeper , it’s basically the problem of priorities . Sometimes we have left undone and we have done those things which we shouldn’t have done . It’s the problem of priorities . Some urgent things devour our energy . Then we recall the important tasks pushed aside . We realize we’ve become slaves to the “ tyranny of the urgent ” .Unit 3 Chinese FoodChinese and Western have the different attitudes toward food . Most of chinese pay more attention to the food , but the western is different . For them , food is quite simply a fuel . Chinese think the eating is one of the most important things in life : to eat with the capital E . In fact , chinese food is the only truly international food . How did this come about ? The reasons included that the chinese went to work in North America , and the population pressure in HongKong . But root is that the western are interested in chinese food . There is no doubt that the traditional high-quality chinese meal is a serous matter , the preparation is detailed , and the enjoyment must therefore match it . Chinese food is an expression of basic assumptions about life itself .Unit 4 Why I Want a WifeI’m a wife , but I want a wife . With a wife , I can go back to college , leaving my wife to take care of the house and my children . I want a wife who will take care of my physical needs . She is supposed to the house clean , cook the meals every day , and do the grocery shopping . I want a wife who will take care of the details of my social life . When my friends are invited to our home , she should prepare a special meal and make them feel comfortable . I want a wife who will satisfy my sexual needs , of course , she will not demand sexual attention when I don’t feel like it . And I want the liberty to replace my present wife with another one . A wife can do so many things , who wouldn’t want a wife ?Unit 5 The Company ManPhil was a company man , a workaholic , a prefect tape A . He worked himself to death at 3:00 am Sunda y morning . He worked six days a week , over ten hours a day . He didn’t like to exercise , so he was overweight . He was too busy to share any time with his wife and children . As a result , he was very distant from them . One of his sons said : “ my fath er and I only boardhere .” Most company loved him and they thought that if he could have lived for another five years , he would have been naturally moved to the top spot . Phil was dead , his company could run without him , but he left his wife and children behind , and threw them into a helpless condition .Unit 7 The ChaserAlan Austen wanted to buy some love portion from the old man to win a girl's heart . In the very beginning , he is very nervous . The old man showed him a portion called a life-cleaner , however , it's very expensive . But the old man told him the love portion is not as expensive as that . If the girl drinks it , she will be changed altogether , she will want to be everything to him . She will take care of him , and she will worry about him . Alan is very happy to hear that , because that is what he wants . Finally , Alan thanks the old man and leaves here .Unit 8 Fun , Oh Boy . Fun . You Could Die from ItFun is hard to have , fun is a rare jewel . As a matter o f fact : “ is it fun ?” becomes the questions that overshadows all other questions . When the pleasures got to be the main things , the fun fetish was sure to follow . Everything is supposed to be fun in their eyes . In order to have fun , they start to look for more and more thrilling ways to supply it . Big occasions were supposed to be fun . The correct way is to treat fun reverently , so you may have some fresh fun now and then .Unit 9 One Becoming a Better StudentAs students , we expect a great deal from our teachers . As a teacher , I begun to see that is really impossible to teach by these expectations . Many factors come together to make a fine student . Such people are tremendously curious , and they have the better discipline . To be a student is to take risks . Successful students don't expect to be spoon-fed , but take their own initiative . To learn , is to open oneself . There are several advice to the good students : Be attentive ; Be seen ; Be on time ; Be consistent ; Listen with your whole body ; you have the right to disagree ; and last , let your teacher know much you appreciate him or her .。
基英翻译
基英翻译Unit 11.我安排他们在小酒吧见面，但那个小伙子一直都没有来。
I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub, but the young man never turned up.2.你无法仅凭表象判断形势是否会变得对我们不利。
You cannot tell merely from appearance whether things will turn out unfavorable to us or not.3.那个士兵每次打仗都冲锋在前，从而赢得了国家的最高荣誉。
The soldier, who stood in the gap in every battle, gained the highest honors of the country.4.主席讲话很有说服力，委员会其他成员都听从他的意见。
The chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest of the committee yielded to his opinion.5.他们的现在生活富裕了，但也曾经历坎坷They are well-to-do now, but along the way they had their ups and downs.6.这次演讲我讲说明两个问题。
There are two questions to which I will address myself in this lecture.7.我们正筹划为你举办一次盛大的圣诞聚会。
We are planning a big Christmas party in your honor.8.听到那个曲子，我回想起了儿童时代。
Hearing that tune threw my mind back to my childhoodUnit 21.那只鸽子被卡在树杈里，一会儿就跌落下来。
基英3.翻译
Unit 1.1.听到他屡遭失败的消息，我感到很难过。
（distress）2.他虽然失去了老板的欢心，但仍装出一副高兴的样子。
(assume)3.格列佛(Gulliver)经历了冒险奇遇，见到了各色各异的人物。
(assortment)4.如果你再犯同样的错误，他会很生你气的。
（furious）5.我们都被他坦率的观点、幽默的语言和亲切的态度所深深吸引。
(draw)6.等到欢呼的掌声平息下来，那位诺贝尔奖获得者开始演讲。
(die down)7.他天生有一种特别的洞察力和预见力，因此，他很少随大流。
（run with the crowd）8.我发现现实毕竟是非常严酷的，一个人难以完全按照自己的理想去生活。
（live up to）Unit 2.1.我的顶头上司是典型的工作狂，一年365天每天工作十个小时以上。
（workaholic）2.校长十分重视课外活动，他认为课外活动有助于培养学生对外部世界的浓厚兴趣。
（extracurricular）3.星期一早上，他总是快速冲个澡，胡乱吃块三明治，拦辆出租车去上班。
（grab）4.既然你要离开公司了，你要在本周内算清账目。
(straighten out)5.为了按时完成博士论文，他经常熬夜。
（stay up）6.没有什么能够取代内心深处最深切的爱。
（replace）7.他被认为是总裁职位的当然人选，因为他已经出色地做了近十年副总裁。
（natural n.）8.他实在太普通了，丢人堆里根本找不着。
（pick out）Unit 3.1.这所大学是世界上历史最悠久的高等学府之一。
（venerable）2.如果一个人缺乏实践经验，仅凭课堂里学的东西是难以成功的。
（deficient）3.我火冒三丈，这篇专题文章本周内必须写完，但老是被打断。
（exasperate）4.他认为用旧文体来写一个当代的主题是滑稽可笑的。
（ludicrous）5.上海的外滩在上世纪七八十年代是年轻情侣喜欢来的谈情说爱之地。
高二英语必修五第5单元课文翻译
高二英语必修五Unit 5课文翻译Unit 5 First aidReadingFIRST AID FOR BURNS烧伤的急救The skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the sun's harmful rays. The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of bums.皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体的最大器官。
皮肤有三层，它们是防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线侵害的一道屏障。
皮肤的功能十分复杂。
皮肤可以保暖或御寒，保持体内水分。
正是皮肤使你感到冷热、疼痛，它还使你有触觉。
因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。
在治疗烧伤的过程中，紧急处理是非常重要的第一步。
Causes of burnsYou can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.烧伤的原因：你可能由于各种原因而烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火)、阳光、电和化学物品。
高中英语必修五课文与其翻译
必修5Unit 1 Great scientistsReadingJOHH SHOW DEFEATS“ KING CHOLERA”John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame.Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated.Using LanguageCOPERNICUS' REVOLUTION RRY THEORYNicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confused. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea. They believed God had made the world and for that reason the earth was special and must be the centre of the solar system.The problem arose because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others. This was very strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it.Copernicus had thought long and hard about these problems and tried to find an answer. He had collected observations of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. But only his new theory could do that. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.In 1514 he showed it privately to his friends. The changes he made to the old theory were revolutionary. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round the sun and this explained changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars. His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was cautious. He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay dying in 1543.Certainly he was right to be careful. The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against God's idea and people who supported it would be attacked. Yet Copernicus' theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe. Copernicus showed this was obviously wrong. Now people can see that there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.Unit 2 The United Kingdom Reading PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history.First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture.The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national government and its administration. It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066. There has been four sets of invaders of England. The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns and roads. The second, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government. The third, the Vikings, influenced the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castles and introduced new words for food.If you look around the British countryside you will find evidence of all these invaders. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.Using LanguageSIGHTSEEING IN LONDONWorried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. Her first delight was going to the Tower. It was built long ago by the Norman invaders of AD 1066. Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had remained standing for one thousand years.Although the buildings had expanded around it, it remained part of a royal palace and prison combined. To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.There followed St Paul's Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. It looked splendid when first built! Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting. It contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare. Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour. She finished the day by looking at the outside of Buckingham Palace, the Queen's house in London. Oh, she had so much to tell her friends!The second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock that sets the world time. What interested her most was the longitude line. It is an imaginary line dividing the eastern and western halves of the world and is very useful for navigation. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. Not only that, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building and the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country.The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle. "Perhaps I will see the Queen?" she wondered as she fell asleep.Unit 3 Life in the futureReadingFIRST IMPRESSIONSSpacemall: liqiang299A@ 15/11/3008 (Earthtime)Dear Mum and Dad,I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. As a result, I suffered from “ Time lag ” . This is similar to the “ jet lag ” you get from flyieneg,pbguettittinsgeeflamsshyboauckks from your previous time period. So I was very nervous and uncertain at first. However, my friend and guide, Wang Ping, was very understanding and gave me some green tablets which helped a lot. Well-known for their expertise, his parents' company, called "Future Tours", transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule and we climbed in through a small opening. The seats were comfortable and after a calming drink, we felt sleepy and closed our eyes. The capsule began swinging gently sideways as we lay relaxed and dreaming. A few minutes later, the journey was completed and we had arrived. I was still on the earth but one thousand years in the future. What would I find?At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation, Wang Ping appeared. "Put on this mask," he advised. "It'll make you feel much better." He handed it to me and immediately hurried me through to a small room nearby for a rest. I felt better in no time. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer. These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly. Wang Ping fastened my safety belt and showed me how to use it. Soon I could fly as fast as him. However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. He was swept up into the centre of them. Just at that moment I had a "time lag" flashback and saw the area again as it had been in the year AD 2008. I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown! Then I caught sight of Wang Ping again and flew after him.Arriving at a strange-looking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room. It had a green wall, a brown floor and soft lighting. Suddenly the wall moved - it was made of trees! I found later that their leaves provided the room with much-needed oxygen. Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. "Why not sit down and eat a little?" he said. "You may find this difficult as it is your first time travel trip. Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today. Tomorrow you'll be ready for some visits." Having said this, he spread some food on the table, and produced a bed from the floor. After he left, I had a brief meal and a hot bath. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.More news later from your loving son,Li QiangUsing LanguageI HA VE SEEN AMAZING THINGSMy first visit was to a space station considered the most modem in space. Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly inspace to imitate the pull of the earth's gravity. Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31 st century. A guide (G) showed us around along a moveable path.G: Good morning to all our visitors from 2008. First we're going to examine one of the latest forms of communication among our space citizens. No more typists working on a typewriter or computer! No more postage or postcodes! Messages can now be sent using a "thoughtpad". You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button, think your message and the next instant it's sent. It's stored on the "thoughtpad" of the receiver. It's quick, efficient and environmentally friendly. The only limitation is if the user does not think his or her message clearly, an unclear message may be sent. But we cannot blame the tools for the faults of the user, can we?During the explanation I looked at the pair of small objects called "thoughtpads" on a table. They just looked like metal ribbons. So ordinary but so powerful! While I was observing them, the path moved us on.G: And now ladies and gentlemen, we are in the "environment area". People used to collect waste in dustbins. Then the rubbish was sent to be buried or burned, am I fight? (We nodded.) Well, now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available. The rubbish is turned into several grades of useful material, such as "fertilizer" for the fields and "soil" for deserts. Nothing is wasted, andeverything, even plastic bags, is recycled. A great idea, isn't' it?I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency. But again we moved on.G: Our third stop shows the changes that have happened to work practices. Manufacturing no longer takes place on the earth but on space stations like this one. A group of engineers programme robots to perform tasks in space. The robots produce goods such as drugs, clothes, furniture, hovering carriages, etc. There is no waste, no pollution and no environmentaldamage! However, the companies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements. They have to monitor the robots and the production. When the goods are ready they're transported by industrial spaceship back to earth. My mind began to wander. What job would I do? My motivation increased as I thought of the wonderful world of the future.Unit 4 Making the newsReadingMY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT"Unforgettable", says new journalistNever will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.HX: Welcome. We're delighted you're coming to work with us. Your first job here will be an assistant journalist. Do you have any questions?ZY: Can I go out on a story immediately?HX: (laughing) That' s admirable, but I' m afraid it would be unusual ! Wait till you' re more experienced. First we'll put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist. Later you can cover a story and submit the articleyourself.ZY: Wonderful. What do I need to take with me? I already have a notebook and camera.HX: No need for a camera. You'll have a professional photographer with you to take photographs. You'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you' reinterested.ZY: Thank you. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.HX: Good.ZY: What do I need to remember when I go out to cover a story?HX: You need to be curious. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. We say a good journalist must have a good "nose" for a story. That means you must be able toassess when people are not telling the whole troth and then try to discover it. They must use research toinform themselves of the missing parts of the story.ZY: What should I keep in mind?HX: Here comes my list of dos and don'ts: don't miss your deadline, don't be rode, don't talk too much, but make sure you listen to the interviewee carefully.ZY: Why is listening so important?HX: Well, you have to listen for detailed facts. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.ZY: But how can I listen carefully while taking notes?HX: This is a trick of the trade, If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight. It's also useful if a person wants to challenge you. You have the evidence to support your story.ZY: I see! Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?HX: Yes, but it was a long time ago. This is how the story goes. A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win. We went to interview him. He denied takingmoney but we were sceptical. So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed tobribe him. When we saw them together we guessed from the footballer's body language that he was nottelling the truth. So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty. It was a dilemma because the footballercould have demanded damages if we were wrong. He tried to stop us publishing it but later we were provedright.ZY:Wow! That was a real "scoop". I'm looking forward to my first assignment now. Perhaps I'll get a scoop too!HX: Perhaps you will. You never know.Using LanguageGETTING THE "SCOOP""Quick," said the editor. "Get that story ready. We need it in this edition to be ahead of the other newspapers.This is a scoop." Zhou Yang had just come back into the office after an interview with a famous film star. "Did he really do that?" asked someone from the International News Department. "Yes, I' m afraid he did," Zhou Yanganswered. He set to work.His first task was to write his story, but he had to do it carefully. Although he realized the man had been lying, Zhou Yang knew he must not accuse him directly. He would have to be accurate. Concise too! He knew how to do that. Months of training had taught him to write with no wasted words or phrases. He sat down at his computer and began to work.The first person who saw his article was a senior editor from his department. He checked the evidence, read the article and passed it on to the copy-editor. She began to edit the piece and design the main headline and smaller heading. “ This will look very good on the page, ” she said. "Where is a good picture of this man?" Then as the article was going to be written in English Zhou Yang also took a copy to the native speaker employed by the newspaper to polish the style. She was also very happy with Zhou Yang's story. "You are really able to write a good front page article," she said. Zhou Yang smiled with happiness. Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it. "Well done," he said to Zhou Yang. "But please show me your evidence so we're sure we've got our facts straight. ” “ I ' ll bring it to you immediately," said Zhou Yang excitedly.The news desk editor took the story and began to work on all the stories and photos until all the pages were set.All the information was then ready to be processed into film negatives. This was the first stage of the printing process. They needed four negatives, as several colours were going to be used on the story. Each of the main colours had one negative sheet and when they were combined they made a coloured page for the newspaper. After one last check the page was ready to be printed. Zhou Yang waited excitedly for the first copies to be ready. "Wait 611 tonight," his friend whispered. "I expect there will be something about this on the television news. A real scoop!"Unit 5 First aidReadingFIRST AID FOR BURNSThe skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the sun's harmful rays. The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of bums. Causes of burnsYou can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.Types of burnsThere are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned.◎ First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan,stove or iron for a mordent.◎ Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. These bums are serious and take a few weeks to heal. Examples include severe sunburn and bums caused by hot liquids.◎ Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.Characteristics of burnsFirst degree burns◎ dry, red and mildly swollen◎ mildly painful◎ turn white when pressedSecond degree burns◎ rough, red and swollen◎ blisters◎ watery surface◎ extremely painfulThird degree burns◎ black and white and charred◎ swollen; often tissue under them can be seen◎ little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be pain around edge of injured area.First aid treatment 1 Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.2 Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water. It is best to place burns under gently running water forabout 10 minutes. (The cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming unbearable and reduces swelling.) Do not put cold water on third degree burns.3 For first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad. For second degreeburns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.4 Dry the burned area gently. Do not rob, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.5 Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin. Hold the bandage in place with tape. Never put butter, oil or ointment on bums as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.6 If bums are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. If bums are on the face, the victim should sit up.7 If the injuries are second or third degree bums, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.Using LanguageHEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVES AW ARDSeventeen-year-old teenager, John Janson, was honoured at the Lifesaver Awards last night in Rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife attack.John was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who had saved the life of another.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. When he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene. They discovered that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off.It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life. He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house. John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade's hands. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived."I'm proud of what I did but I was just doing what I'd been taught," John said.John had taken part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high school. When congratulating John, Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said, "There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference."Before receiving their awards last night, John and the nine other Life Savers attended a special reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister.Translation ofttw reading texts课文译文第一单元伟大的科学家READING的输•斯诺击欢•專礼王-约翰斯诺址伦敦付斤名的医4——他的确快术怖M•因向成为照料燈#利亚女*的私人决生•但 r他w«n i> \ IKALW ftifinn.时.他秋憋到很按荷•科机任時时她帰纹侖的咲辆.人们既《WC的机!•也價亡的治疗力滋・帀次■发WAlnj. 林 Mftm的“诃：編死.约輪斯诺想闵对这个桃乩■决这个剛他知ML mi阑澹2他・「.址情址无法悴制的・听诺忤肌致人死堆的曲种推测晶很膿兴趣.一种行法圧循乱嘀梅住空"（屮繁殖忆偸一股危险的久体到处次沢"列找何病恋的哽寓忙为止.第一种（iffMi吃饭的时候人们把这种敬帘引人体内的.蔽从IV也发作iWiBiE欣及金专•处打血介很快地*EA.•HSttMm 种说法黑正确的・0 H他flfBfiEW.因此.隹］«4年IfettMAMSM的时俟• hlfl 忻诺『匸怡备对此连行调研.当用乩4贫民区迅速卷延的时趴约翰斯诺沈开冶收処衣札也发规特别企两条街也MR乱廉杼得很严币.在10天Z内就死去了500#人•他决心要竇崛其原闪.n先.他在・覧地用I休明厂"比/ 的地方.这枫供了«9豪有价值的线诡iT步死甘見住在霓畅的水*用近«恃別堆这茨街上血37. 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高中英语必修五课文及其翻译
必修5之答禄夫天创作Unit 1 Great scientistsReadingJOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame.Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated.Using LanguageCOPERNICUS’ REVOLU TIONRRY THEORY Nicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confused. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea. They believed God had made the world and for that reason the earth was special and must be the centre of the solar system.The problem arose because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others. This was very strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it.Copernicus had thought long and hard about these problems and tried to find an answer. He had collected observations of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. But only his new theory could do that. So between 1510 and 1514 heworked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.In 1514 he showed it privately to his friends. The changes he made to the old theory were revolutionary. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round the sun and this explained changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars. His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was cautious. He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay dying in 1543.Certainly he was right to be careful. The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against God's idea and people who supported it would be attacked. Yet Copernicus' theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory WordStrd the Christian idea of gravity, which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe. Copernicus showed this was obviously wrong. Now people can see that there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.Unit 2 The United KingdomReadingPUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history.First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So onlyNorthern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture.The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national government and its administration. It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066. There has been four sets of invaders of England. The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns and roads. The second, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government. The third, the Vikings, influenced the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castles and introduced new words for food.If you look around the British countryside you will find evidence of all these invaders. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyableand worthwhile.Using LanguageSIGHTSEEING IN LONDONWorried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. Her first delight was going to the Tower. It was built long ago by the Norman invaders of AD 1066. Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had remained standing for one thousand years.Although the buildings had expanded around it, it remained part of a royal palace and prison combined. To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.There followed St Paul's Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. It looked splendid when first built! Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting. It contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare. Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour. She finished the day by looking at the outside of Buckingham Palace, the Queen's house in London. Oh, she had so much to tell her friends!The second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock that sets the world time. What interested her most was the longitude line. It is an imaginary line dividing the eastern and western halves of the world and is very useful for navigation. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. Not only that, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building and the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country.The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle. "Perhaps I will see the Queen?" she wondered as she fell asleep.Unit 3 Life in the futureReadingFIRST IMPRESSIONSSpacemall: liqiang299A@ 15/11/3008 (Earthtime)Dear Mum and Dad,I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. As a result, I suffered from “Time lag”. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period. So I was very nervous and uncertain at first. However, my friend and guide, Wang Ping, was very understanding and gave me some green tablets which helped a lot. Well-known for their expertise, his parents' company, called "Future Tours", transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule and we climbed in through a small opening. The seats were comfortable and after a calming drink, we felt sleepy and closed our eyes. The capsule began swinging gently sideways as we lay relaxed and dreaming. A few minutes later, the journey was completed and we had arrived. I was still on the earth but one thousand years in the future. What would I find?At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation, Wang Ping appeared. "Put on this mask," he advised. "It'll make you feel much better." He handed it to me and immediately hurried me through to a small room nearby for a rest. I felt better in no time. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer. These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly. Wang Ping fastened my safety belt andshowed me how to use it. Soon I could fly as fast as him. However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. He was swept up into the centre of them. Just at that moment I had a "time lag" flashback and saw the area again as it had been in the year AD 2008. I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown! Then I caught sight of Wang Ping again and flew after him.Arriving at a strange-looking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room. It had a green wall, a brown floor and soft lighting. Suddenly the wall moved - it was made of trees! I found later that their leaves provided the room with much-needed oxygen. Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. "Why not sit down and eat a little?" he said. "You may find this difficult as it is your first time travel trip. Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today. Tomorrow you'll be ready for some visits." Having said this, he spread some food on the table, and produced a bed from the floor. After he left, I had a brief meal and a hot bath. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.More news later from your loving son,Li QiangUsing LanguageI HAVE SEEN AMAZING THINGSMy first visit was to a space station considered the most modem in space. Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth's gravity. Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31 st century.A guide (G) showed us around along a moveable path.G: Good morning to all our visitors from 2008. First we're going to examine one of the latest forms of communication among our space citizens. No more typists working on a typewriter or computer! No more postage or postcodes! Messages can now be sent using a "thoughtpad". You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button, think your message and the next instant it's sent. It's stored on the"thoughtpad" of the receiver. It's quick, efficient and environmentally friendly. The only limitation is if the user does not think his or her message clearly, an unclear message may be sent. But we cannot blame the tools for the faults of the user, can we?During the explanation I looked at the pair of small objects called "thoughtpads" on a table. They just looked like metal ribbons. So ordinary but so powerful! While I was observing them, the path moved us on.G: And now ladies and gentlemen, we are in the "environment area".People used to collect waste in dustbins. Then the rubbish was sent to be buried or burned, am I fight? (We nodded.) Well, now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available. The rubbish is turned into several grades of useful material, such as "fertilizer" for the fields and "soil" for deserts.Nothing is wasted, and everything, even plastic bags, is recycled. A great idea, isn't' it?I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency. But again we moved on.G: Our third stop shows the changes that have happened to work practices. Manufacturing no longer takes place on the earth but on space stations like this one. A group of engineers programme robots to perform tasks in space. The robots produce goods such as drugs, clothes, furniture, hovering carriages, etc. There is no waste, no pollution and no environmental damage! However, the companies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements.They have to monitor the robots and the production. When the goods are ready they're transported by industrial spaceship back to earth.My mind began to wander. What job would I do? My motivation increased as I thought of the wonderful world of the future.Unit 4 Making the newsReadingMY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT"Unforgettable", says new journalistNever will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.HX: Welcome. We're delighted you're coming to work with us. Your first job here will be an assistant journalist. Do you have any questions?ZY: Can I go out on a story immediately?HX: (laughing) That' s admirable, but I' m afraid it would be unusual ! Wait till you' re more experienced. First we'll put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist.Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself. ZY: Wonderful. What do I need to take with me? I already have a notebook and camera.HX: No need for a camera. You'll have a professional photographer with you to take photographs. You'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you' re interested.ZY: Thank you. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills. HX: Good.ZY: What do I need to remember when I go out to cover a story? HX: You need to be curious. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. We say a good journalist must have a good "nose" for a story. That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole troth and then try to discover it.They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.ZY: What should I keep in mind?HX: Here comes my list of dos and don'ts: don't miss your deadline, don't be rode, don't talk too much, but make sureyou listen to the interviewee carefully.ZY: Why is listening so important?HX: Well, you have to listen for detailed facts. Meanwhile youhave to prepare the next question depending on what theperson says.ZY: But how can I listen carefully while taking notes?HX: This is a trick of the trade, If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight. It's alsouseful if a person wants to challenge you. You have theevidence to support your story.ZY: I see! Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?HX: Yes, but it was a long time ago. This is how the story goes.A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberatelynot scoring goals so as to let the other team win. We wentto interview him. He denied taking money but we weresceptical. So we arranged an interview between thefootballer and the man supposed to bribe him. When we sawthem together we guessed from the footballer's body languagethat he was not telling the truth. So we wrote an articlesuggesting he was guilty. It was a dilemma because thefootballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. Hetried to stop us publishing it but later we were provedright.ZY: Wow! That was a real "scoop". I'm looking forward to my first assignment now. Perhaps I'll get a scoop too!HX: Perhaps you will. You never know.Using LanguageGETTING THE "SCOOP""Quick," said the editor. "Get that story ready. We need it in this edition to be ahead of the other newspapers. This is a scoop." Zhou Yang had just come back into the office after an interview with a famous film star. "Did he really do that?" asked someone from the International News Department. "Yes, I' m afraid he did," Zhou Yang answered. He set to work.His first task was to write his story, but he had to do it carefully. Although he realized the man had been lying, Zhou Yang knew he must not accuse him directly. He would have to be accurate. Concise too! He knew how to do that. Months of training had taught him to write with no wasted words or phrases. He sat down at hiscomputer and began to work.The first person who saw his article was a senior editor from his department. He checked the evidence, read the article and passed it on to the copy-editor. She began to edit the piece and design the main headline and smaller heading. “This will look very good on the page,” she said. "Where is a good picture of this man?" Then as the article was going to be written in English Zhou Yang also took a copy to the native speaker employed by the newspaper to polish the style. She was also very happy with Zhou Yang's story. "You are really able to write a good front page article," she said. Zhou Yang smiled with happiness. Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it. "Well done," he said to Zhou Yang. "But please show me your evidence so we're sure we've got our facts straight.” “I’ll bring it to you immediately," said Zhou Yang excitedly.The news desk editor took the story and began to work on all the stories and photos until all the pages were set. All the information was then ready to be processed into film negatives. This was the first stage of the printing process. They needed four negatives, as several colours were going to be used on the story. Each of the main colours had one negative sheet and when they were combined they made a coloured page for the newspaper. After one last check the page was ready to be printed. Zhou Yang waited excitedly for the first copies to be ready. "Wait 611 tonight," his friend whispered. "I expect there will be something about this on the television news. A real scoop!"Unit 5 First aidReadingFIRST AID FOR BURNSThe skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the sun's harmful rays. The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of bums.Causes of burnsYou can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.Types of burnsThere are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending onwhich layers of the skin are burned.◎ First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a mordent.◎ Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. These bums are serious and take a few weeks to heal. Examples include severe sunburn and bums caused by hot liquids.◎ Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.Characteristics of burnsFirst degree burns◎ dry, red and mildly swollen◎ mildly painful◎ turn white when pressedSecond degree burns◎ rough, red and swollen◎ blisters◎ watery surface◎ extremely painfulThird degree burns◎ black and white and charred◎ swollen; often tissue under them can be seen◎little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be pain aroundedge of injured area.First aid treatment1 Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.2 Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water. It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes. (The cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming unbearable and reduces swelling.) Do not put cold water on third degree burns.3 For first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.4 Dry the burned area gently. Do not rob, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.5 Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin. Hold the bandage in place with tape. Never put butter, oil or ointment on bums as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.6 If bums are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. If bums are on the face, the victim should sit up.7 If the injuries are second or third degree bums, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.Using LanguageHEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVES AWARD Seventeen-year-old teenager, John Janson, was honoured at the Lifesaver Awards last night in Rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife attack.John was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who had saved the life of another.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. When he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene. They discovered that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off.It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life. He immediately asked a number of nearby peoplefor bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house. John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade's hands. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived."I'm proud of what I did but I was just doing what I'd been taught," John said.John had taken part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high school. When congratulating John, Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said, "There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference."Before receiving their awards last night, John and the nine other Life Savers attended a special reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister.。
单词解释 unit 5 英译英
启诺国际教育Chino International Education Group课文生词英译英解释Unit 1. ( High 1 --- Word Explanation )126. liquid --- A liquid is a substance such as water which is not solid and which can be poured.127. contract --- N-COUNT A contract is a legal agreement, usually between two companies or between an employer and employee, which involves doing work for a stated sum of money.contract --- VERB If you contract with someone to do something, you legally agree to do it for them or for them to do it for you. [FORMAL]contract --- VERB When something contracts, it becomes smaller or shorter.contract --- VERB If you contract a serious illness, you become ill with it. [FORMAL]128. mixture --- N-SING A mixture of things consists of several different things together.mixture --- N-COUNT A mixture is a substance that consists of other substances which have been stirred or shaken together.129. electricity --- Electricity is a form of energy used for heating and lighting, and to provide power for machines.130. stage --- N-COUNT A stage of an activity, process, or period is one part of it.stage --- N-COUNT In a theatre, the stage is an area where actors or entertainers perform.stage --- N-SING Y ou can refer to performing and the production of plays in a theatre as the stage.stage --- VERB If someone stages a play or other show, they organize and present a performance of it.stage --- VERB To stage an event or ceremony means to organize it.stage --- to set the stage: See set131. conclusion --- N-COUNT When you come to a conclusion, you decide that something is true after you have thought about it carefully.conclusion ---N-SING The conclusion of something is its ending.conclusion --- PHRASE Y ou can describe something that seems certain to happen as a foregone conclusion. conclusion --- PHRASE Y ou say `in conclusion' to introduce the last thing that you want to say.132. reaction --- N-V AR Y our reaction to something that has happened or something that you have experienced is what you feel, say, or do because of it.reaction --- N-COUNT A reaction against something is a way of behaving or doing something that is deliberately different from what has been done before.reaction --- N-COUNT If you have a reaction to a treatment or substance, you are affected unpleasantly or made ill by it. reaction --- N-PLURAL Y our reactions are your ability to move quickly in response to something.reaction --- N-COUNT The reaction between two chemical substances is what happens when they combine to form another substance.133. electrical --- ADJ BEFORE N Electrical devices work by means of electricity.electrical --- ADJ BEFORE N Electrical engineers and industries are involved in the production or maintenance of electricity or electrical goods.134. equipment ---．Equipment consists of the things such as tools or machines which are used for a particular purpose. 135. react --- VERB When you react to something that has happened to you, you behave in a particular way because of it.react --- VERB If you react against someone's way of behaving, you deliberately behave in a different way.react --- VERB If you react to a treatment or substance, you are affected unpleasantly or made ill by it.react --- VERB When one chemical substance reacts with another, they combine chemically to form another substance.136. sodium --- Sodium is a silvery-white chemical element which combines with other chemicals.137. magnesium138. aluminivm --- Aluminium is a lightweight metal used for making things such as cooking equipment and aircraft parts. 139. partial --- ADJ Y ou use partial to refer to something that is true or exists to some extent, but is not complete or total.partial --- ADJ AFTER LINK-V If you are partial to something, you like it.140. rust --- N-UNCOUNT Rust is a brown substance that forms on iron or steel when it comes into contact with water.rust --- VERB When a metal object rusts, it becomes covered in rust.141. ordinary --- ADJ Ordinary people or things are not special or different in any way.ordinary --- PHRASE Something that is out of the ordinary is unusual or different.142. steam --- N-UNCOUNT Steam is the hot mist that forms when water boils. Steam vehicles and machines are powered by steam.steam --- VERB If something steams, it gives off steam.steam --- VERB If you steam food, you cook it in steam.steam --- PHRASE If you run out of steam, you stop doing something because you have no more energy or enthusiasm left. [INFORMAL]143. dissolve --- VERB If a substance dissolves in liquid, or if you dissolve a substance, it mixes with the liquid, becoming weaker until it finally disappears.dissolve --- VERB When something is dissolved, it is officially ended. [FORMAL]144. balance --- VERB If something or someone balances somewhere, or if you balance them there, they remain steady and do not fall over.balance --- N-UNCOUNT Balance is the stability that someone or something has when they are balanced on something.balance --- N-SING A balance is a situation or combination of things in which all the different parts are equal or correct in strength or importance.balance --- VERB If you balance one thing with something different, or if one thing balances with another, each of the things has the same strength or importance.balance --- VERB To balance a budget or balance the books means to make sure that the amount of money that is spent is not greater than the amount that is received.balance --- N-COUNT The balance in your bank account is the amount of money in it.balance --- N-SING The balance to be paid on something is the amount of money which remains to be paid for it. 145.tongs --- A gong is a flat, circular piece of metal that you hit with a hammer to make a loud sound.146. facility --- N-COUNT Facilities are buildings, equipment, or services that are provided for a particular purpose.facility --- N-COUNT A facility is a useful service or feature provided by an organization or machine.147. lecture --- N-COUNT A lecture is a talk that someone gives in order to teach people about a particular subject, usually at a university.lecture --- VERB If you lecture on a particular subject, you give a lecture or a series of lectures about it.lecture --- VERB & N-COUNT If someone lectures you about something, or if they give you a lecture, they criticize you or tell you how they think you should behave.148. department --- A department is one of the sections of a large shop or organization such as a university.149. astonished --- If someone or something astonishes you, they surprise you very much.。
人教版选择性必修二 课文中英文翻译 unit 5 first aid课文中英文对照
人教版选择性必修unit 5 课文中英文对照Unit 5 FIRST AID FOR BURNSThe skin is an essential part of①your body and is its largest organ.Your skin acts as② a barrier against disease③，toxins，and the sun's rays④.It also helps control your body temperature，prevents your body from⑤losing too much water，warns you when things are too hot or cold(1)，and gives you your sense of touch⑥.As you can imagine(2)，getting burnt⑦can lead to⑧very serious injuries.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid⑨.皮肤是人体的重要组成部分，也是人体最大的器官。
你的皮肤是抵御疾病、毒素和阳光的屏障。
它还有助于控制体温，防止身体失去太多的水分，当东西太热或太冷时，给你警告，并使你有触觉。
正如你想象的那样，烧伤会导致非常严重的伤害。
治疗烧伤的第一步也是最重要的一步是进行急救。
(1)when引导时间状语从句。
(2)as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面主句的内容。
CAUSES OF BURNSYou can get burnt by a variety of⑩things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation ⑪，the sun，electricity，acids⑫，or other chemicals.烧伤的原因你会被各种各样的东西灼伤：热的液体、蒸汽、火、辐射、太阳、电、酸或其他化学物质。
基英翻译unit5
基英翻译unit5统计数字显示，中国拥有总计为2.8万亿立方米的水资源，仅次于巴西，俄罗斯，加拿大，居世界第四位。
但如果按人口总数分配，我们人均拥水量就只占世界平均数的四分之一左右。
我们一直承受着缺水的沉重包袱，据说全国661个大中城市中，有大约三分之二的都在遭受缺水之苦。
北京是一个很好的例子。
它不仅缺地表水，就连地下水位也降到十分危险的地步。
据说地下水位意境降到地下90米，有的学者建议我们应该考虑迁到其他地方去'这计划当然没有可行性，但这给人们的信息是清楚的。
首先，我国的水资源从时间和地点上都分布不均。
他不是太多，造成水灾，就是太少，造成旱灾尽管我们在过去的几十年里取得了很大的成就，但我们的江河湖泊还远远没得到有效治理。
水土流失与荒漠化正日益严重的威胁者我们的经济和人们的生活。
我们的水资源绝大多数都被用来灌溉农田。
可是近年来，越来越多的水备用在工业和生活中。
所以严重的供不应求。
消息短缺的水资源正在变得更加短缺，因为很多水被浪费在大澡盆，电热淋雨，抽水马桶和高尔夫书场上。
不仅如此，很多水还被严重污染。
这两条河的水资源都在该国，这就使水的问题成为这两个国家之间的潜在争端的一个严重问题。
近年来，我们把很大的希望寄托在南水北调工程上，希望这能一劳永逸解决南方的水灾和北方的旱灾。
但是我们也听到来自一些学者的不同意见他们警告说我们不能假设长江能永远免遭干旱。
apparatus equilibrium lapaquifer ethonal litrearid flush lavatory hydroelectricity breed girder medium chronically glacier microchip deity ill-conceived migragation delta insatiable miraculous desalination irrigate overblowndicersion jackal overwhelm perforate quadruple triple permafrost remedy trudge pestilence respectively tube well petroleum sacred turbinesilt squander wetland soybean thermal take note ofsthfor (the) want of st be set to dosthin principleaccount for sth in due course draw on/uponsthin want of sth up to sth be immune tosthin print out of print carry on with sthhead for head for have access to lap sth up above allsth drops /falls into sb's lap be well off (for sth )TranslationEveryone must use less water if famine, pestilence and mass migration are not to sweep the globe.Bringing supply and demand into equilibrium will be painful ,and political disputes may increase in number and intensify in their capacity to cause trouble.To carry on with present practice would indeed be to invite disaster.Scarce or plentiful, water is above all local.Priced or not ,water is certainly valued ,and that value depends on the use towhich it is harnessed.accuse/approve/become/complain/compose/conceive//con sist/deprive sb/die/dispose/inform sb/learn/make/rid/read/speak/atripsuspect sb /warn______ dangle/depart/die/disappear/escape/follow/inherit/originate/refrain/stem/vanish_______discriminate/lean/prejudice/rebel/vote/warn_____drive/march/run/slip/slide/glide/swim/zoom______evaporate ______the earth'ssurface ___the poles _________分配财富__________________钻孔_glaciers or____permafrost______need water to survive___ diminish ____rhe point be serious___ people drop____90meters be harnessed_____ extract oil______sands no substitute______it be burdened ______ follow ______this be common ______all ____________招来灾难_______________驱动涡轮机__________________提炼石油__________________灌溉土地__________________挥霍金钱__________________排出污水__________________节约用水__________________保护土壤__________________满足需要__________________治理江河湖泊__________________insatiable demand__________________ill-conceived remedies __________________groundwater tables __________________rivers no longer flowing to the sea __________________famine, pestilence and mass migration__________________supply and demand __________________capacious baths ,power showers and flush lavatories __________________crop breeds__________________the area under irrigation__________________the law of conservation of mass __________________sea water desalination __________________outgrow supplies__________________engaged species__________________a cooling system__________________thermal power__________________ conserve reserve preservesorry, these seats are__________________Many of 100year-old people are very well_________Hesaid that he would support the _________Party'stavmxpolicy without______Many endangered species are able to sustain their life only in _______We _____the right to use the high seas.We must waste no time to______water and soil.______fruits can get a much better price in the overseas market.The energy______measures proved to be bery effective.Our foreign exchange ________has increased hundreds -fold inthe last three decades.pain /painful/hurt/hurtfulThough he was in _____,he did not utter a sound.It was a very _____disease.She was deeply______by whatyou saidDo not use this kind of _____language when you talk to young.lack/short/scarceYoung people may_______experience,but they usually______no imagination and courage.The world is running_____in manymineral resources.We are terribly _______of hands.In the area,farmland is ______Change/alter/modify/shift/vary/convert/mendWithin three decades we have ____________Economists believe that we should ______our emphasis from manufacture.The annual fainfall ______from place to place in our country.He wanted her to know that he was ______in his ways.It was due to her influence that he decided to______toChristianity.I suggest we make afew little_____in the design.It required great courage to _______a command economy into a market economy.the constitution was _______to providethe legal basis for this______Conditions may _____, but we cannot deny the fact that certain values are universal. RMB will soon be fully _______.It is clear that they are ____their attention from the Middle East to Asia.substi replacementUlike oil, there is no _______for water.Many of the machines are too old and need to be _____.This substance is extracted from a special plant and can be used as a ______for cane sugar.保持三角洲和湿地__________________席卷全球__________________。
5Unit 5课文翻译
Unit5课文翻译unit5教材第46页部分课文翻译Hey! Whose dog is this? 嘿！这是谁的狗？Oh，it's mine. He's sleeping. He's very tired.哦，它是我的。
它正在睡觉。
它很累。
Wow! What a beautiful painting.Is it yours?哇！多么漂亮的一幅画啊。
它是你的吗？No.It's his. 不是。
它是他的。
2unit5教材第47页部分课文翻译What's that? 那是什么？It's a rabbit.lt's mine. 它是一只兔子。
它是我的。
I see.Why is it jumping? 我明白了。
为什么它正在跳？It's playing with its friends. 它正在和它的朋友们玩儿。
Whose carrots are these? 这些是谁的胡萝卜？The carrots are theirs. 这些胡萝卜是它们的。
let's try部分翻译Listen and tick.Which is John's picture? 听一听并打钩。
哪幅是约翰的画？2let's talk部分翻译Chen Jie：丁he yellow picture is mine.Are these all ours? 陈杰：那幅黄色的画是我的。
这些都是我们的（画）吗？Mike：Yes，they are.迈克：是的，它们是。
Chen Jie：Wow! That picture of Beijing is beautiful. Whose is it? 陈杰：哇！那幅北京的画很漂亮。
它是谁的？Mike：It's Zhang Peng's. 迈克：它是张鹏的。
Chen Jie：Look! There is a picture of shanghai,too. 陈杰：看！还有一幅上海的画o Mike：lt's Yifan's.迈克：它是一凡的。
大学英语unit5true-height原文与翻译
大学英语u n i t5T r u e-H e i g h t原文与翻译-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1True HeightLook at the following two sayings and then see if the story of Michael Stone bears out the points they make.The greater the obstacle, the more glory in overcoming it.-- MolièreWhen it is dark enough, you can see the stars.-- Charles A. Beard读一读以下两则名言，想一想迈克尔·斯通的故事是否印证了其间的道理。
障碍越是巨大，逾越它也就越感自豪。
——莫里哀只有天空漆黑时，你才可以看到星星。
——查尔斯·A·比尔德David Naster 1 His palms were sweating. He needed a towel to dry his grip. The sun was as hot as the competition he faced today at the National Junior Olympics. The pole was set at 17 feet. That was three inches higher than his personal best. Michael Stone confronted the most challenging day of his pole-vaulting career.真正的高度大卫·纳史特他手心在出汗。
他需要用毛巾把握竿的手擦干。
太阳火辣辣的，与他今天在全国少年奥林匹克运动会上所面临的竞争一样热烈。
基英句子翻译
Unit 11. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。
They took advantage o f our helpless situation and took over our company.2. 虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平统一。
Although there are still difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring about the peaceful unification of our country on our own.3. 只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。
It is wrong to put emphasis on nothing but GDP. It will give rise to many serious problems.4. 他喜欢炫耀他的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像躲避毒药那样躲避他。
He loves to show off his wealth, but this is all in vain. People still avoid him as though he were poison.5. 他不久就爱上了这个村子。
他决心和村民一起把这个地方变成一个花园。
He soon fell in love with the village and was determined to make it a beautiful garden together with other villagers.6. 我们必须花更多的钱来和全球气温上升作斗争。
另外，我认为我们还必须采用严厉的法律措施。
这不只是一个钱的问题。
We must spend more money fighting against global warming. In addition, we must resort to tough laws. It is not just a matter of money.7. 当警察到达学校的时候，学生和老师还在一种茫然不知所措的状态。
基础综合英语unit5textB原文及翻译
Finding your true calling找寻内心真实的呼唤The very worst use of time in life is to stay for months or years at a job for which you are completely unsuited.However, a great number of people spend their whole lives doing something during the week so that they can somehow find some thing enjoyable to do on the weekend.人们一生中利用时间最糟糕的莫过于经年累月地从事自己完全不合适的工作。
可是, 有相当多的人却一生都是如此度过的: 工作日内做做事, 周末找些乐子。
In every case, these are men and women with very little future before them.They look upon their jobs as a form of drudgery, a penance they have to pay in order to enjoy the rest of their lives.And because of this attitude, they will seldom advance or be promoted.They will stay pretty much at the same level, moving from job to job, and always wondering why other people seem to live the "good life" while they feel they are living lives of quiet desperation.从各种情况看, 这些人的前途黯淡。
基英2课文翻译
《综合英语教程》第二册课文、扩展阅读课文译文Unit 1T ext响尾蛇伤我们在西波顿种植西瓜和香瓜供应市场。
我家有一块瓜地和花圃在紧靠甘蔗地的谷仓背后。
一天，我从工具棚里拿了把镰刀想去砍个西瓜自己吃。
他们是不许我拿这把刀的，因为它的刀刃比我的胳膊还长。
但它是切西瓜的最好工具。
一刀下去，西瓜就一分为二了。
我正沿着瓜地边走边拍打着想找一个熟瓜，突然感觉脚好像被针一样的东西扎了一下。
我为是踩在一堆蒺藜草上了。
转眼一看，却发现是一条响尾蛇。
我知道响尾蛇在袭击之前都要发出响声以示警告的，而我对那响声的熟悉程度决不亚于我熟悉鹌鹑。
后来我才明白它是没有时间警告，我肯定是一脚踩在它的嘴巴上了。
我边往家飞奔，边大声喊叫，满脑子想的都是自己肯定要死了。
妈妈赶快解下围裙用上面的带子绑在我的膝盖上部。
她扶我到前屋的沙发上躺下，让玛莎照看我。
当时在场的既没有一个男人也没有一匹马。
最近的住宅是豪威尔先生家，但他家没有马。
再远点的是吉姆·安德森家，穿过田地抄近路也有半英里的距离。
妈妈冲向安德森家。
安德森的一个儿子跳上马就直奔城里，在安德森家打工的克拉克的儿子用车把妈妈送回家。
回到家，妈妈发现围裙带已被玛莎解开了，因为我直叫系得太紧。
妈妈给我重新绑上，她用力很猛以致于我失声叫了起来。
然后，妈妈又到门廊朝那条通往城里的路张望。
这条路位于安德森和豪威尔两家领地中间，一直延伸到小山顶端，因此从这里你可以看见所有路过的人或物。
我总是远远就能辨认出我们的马车和汤姆，尤其是爸爸赶车的时候。
这时，如果得到允许，汤姆就会因为急于吃到马槽里的东西而撒腿跑起来，爸爸也总是允许它这么做的。
赫伯·安德森的意见是首先找爸爸，如果他不在就找麦肯斯医生，再不成就找菲尔德或别的医生。
妈妈一边盯着看谁的马先出现，一边不时地进屋安慰我。
终于，妈妈说道：“你爸爸来了。
”（吕睿中译，胡一宁审校）Read more误解这是个古老的故事，的确是要说到1864年的事。
高中英语必修五课文及其翻译之欧阳生创编
必修5Unit 1 Great scientistsReadingJOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that choleramultiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discoveredthat these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggestedthat the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated.Using LanguageCOPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONRRY THEORYNicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confused. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea. They believed God had made the world and for that reason the earth was special and must be the centre of the solar system.The problem arose because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at timesand less bright at others. This was very strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it. Copernicus had thought long and hard about these problems and tried to find an answer. He had collected observations of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. But only his new theory could do that. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.In 1514 he showed it privately to his friends. The changes he made to the old theory were revolutionary. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round the sun and this explained changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars. His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was cautious. He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay dying in 1543. Certainly he was right to be careful. The Christian Churchrejected his theory, saying it was against God's idea and people who supported it would be attacked. Yet Copernicus' theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe. Copernicus showed this was obviously wrong. Now people can see that there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.Unit 2 The United KingdomReadingPUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history. First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name waschanged to "Great Britain". Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zoneis called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture.The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national government and its administration. It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066. There has been four sets of invaders of England. The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns and roads. The second, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government.The third, the Vikings, influenced the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castles and introduced new words for food.If you look around the British countryside you will find evidence of all these invaders. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.Using LanguageSIGHTSEEING IN LONDON Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. Her first delight was going to the Tower. It was built long ago by the Norman invaders of AD 1066. Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had remained standing for one thousand years.Although the buildings had expanded around it, it remained part of a royal palace and prison combined. To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen ElizabethI.There followed St Paul's Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. It looked splendid when first built! Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting. It contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare. Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour. She finished the day by looking at the outside of Buckingham Palace, the Queen's house in London. Oh, she had so much to tell her friends!The second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock that sets the world time. What interested her most was the longitude line. It is an imaginary line dividing the eastern and western halves of the world and is very useful for navigation. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line. The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. Not onlythat, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building and the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country.The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle. "Perhaps I will see the Queen?" she wondered as she fell asleep.Unit 3 Life in the futureReadingFIRST IMPRESSIONS Spacemall: liqiang299A@ 15/11/3008 (Earthtime)Dear Mum and Dad,I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the firstfew days. As a result, I suffered from “Time lag”. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep get ting flashbacks from your previous time period. So I was very nervous and uncertain at first. However, my friend and guide, Wang Ping, was very understanding and gave me some green tablets which helped a lot. Well-known for their expertise, his parents' company, called "Future Tours", transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule and we climbed in through a small opening. The seats were comfortable and after a calming drink, we felt sleepy and closed our eyes. The capsule began swinging gently sideways as we lay relaxed and dreaming. A few minutes later, the journey was completed and we had arrived. I was still on the earth but one thousand years in the future. What would I find?At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. Just as Itried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation, Wang Ping appeared. "Put on this mask," he advised. "It'll make you feel much better." He handed it to me and immediately hurried me through to a small room nearby for a rest. I felt better in no time. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer. These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly. Wang Ping fastened my safety belt and showed me how to use it. Soon I could fly as fast as him. However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. He was swept up into the centre of them. Just at that moment I had a "time lag" flashback and saw the area again as it had been in the year AD 2008. I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown! Then I caught sight of Wang Ping again and flew after him.Arriving at a strange-looking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room. It had a green wall, a brown floor andsoft lighting. Suddenly the wall moved - it was made of trees! I found later that their leaves provided the room with much-needed oxygen. Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. "Why not sit down and eat a little?" he said. "You may find this difficult as it is your first time travel trip. Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today. Tomorrow you'll be ready for some visits." Having said this, he spread some food on the table, and produced a bed from the floor. After he left, I had a brief meal and a hot bath. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.More news later from your loving son,Li QiangUsing LanguageI HAVE SEEN AMAZING THINGSMy first visit was to a space station considered the most modem in space. Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth's gravity. Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions ofthe 31 st century. A guide (G) showed us around along a moveable path.G: Good morning to all our visitors from 2008. First we're going to examine one of the latest forms of communication among our space citizens. No more typists working on a typewriter or computer! No more postage or postcodes! Messages can now be sent using a "thoughtpad". You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button, think your message and the next instant it's sent. It's stored on the "thoughtpad" of the receiver. It's quick, efficient and environmentally friendly. The only limitation is if the user does not think his or her message clearly, an unclear message may be sent. But we cannot blame the tools for the faults of the user, can we?During the explanation I looked at the pair of small objects called "thoughtpads" on a table. They just looked like metal ribbons. So ordinary but so powerful! While I was observing them, the path moved us on.G: And now ladies and gentlemen, we are in the "environment area". People used to collect waste in dustbins. Then the rubbish was sent to be buried or burned, am I fight? (We nodded.) Well, now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available. The rubbish is turned into several grades of useful material, such as "fertilizer" for the fields and "soil"for deserts. Nothing is wasted, and everything, even plastic bags, is recycled. A great idea, isn't' it?I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency. But again we moved on.G: Our third stop shows the changes that have happened to work practices. Manufacturing no longer takes place on the earth but on space stations like this one. A group of engineers programme robots to perform tasks in space.The robots produce goods such as drugs, clothes, furniture, hovering carriages, etc. There is no waste, no pollution and no environmental damage! However, thecompanies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements. They have to monitor the robots and the production. When the goods are ready they're transported by industrial spaceship back to earth. My mind began to wander. What job would I do? My motivation increased as I thought of the wonderful world of the future.Unit 4 Making the newsReadingMY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT"Unforgettable", says new journalistNever will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.HX: Welcome. We're delighted you're coming to work with us.Your first job here will be an assistant journalist. Do you have any questions?ZY: Can I go out on a story immediately?HX: (laughing) That' s admirable, but I' m afraid it would be unusual ! Wait till you' re more experienced. First we'll put you as an assistant to an experienced journalist.Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.ZY: Wonderful. What do I need to take with me? I already have a notebook and camera.HX: No need for a camera. You'll have a professional photographer with you to take photographs. You'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you' re interested.ZY: Thank you. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills. HX: Good.ZY: What do I need to remember when I go out to cover a story?HX: You need to be curious. Only if you ask many differentquestions will you acquire all the information you need to know. We say a good journalist must have a good "nose" for a story. That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole troth and then try to discover it. They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.ZY: What should I keep in mind?HX: Here comes my list of dos and don'ts: don't miss your deadline, don't be rode, don't talk too much, but makesure you listen to the interviewee carefully.ZY: Why is listening so important?HX: Well, you have to listen for detailed facts. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.ZY: But how can I listen carefully while taking notes?HX: This is a trick of the trade, If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight. It's also useful if a person wants to challenge you. You have the evidence to support your story.ZY: I see! Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? HX: Yes, but it was a long time ago. This is how the story goes.A footballer was accused of taking money fordeliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win. We went to interview him. He denied taking money but we were sceptical. So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him. When we saw them together we guessed from the footballer's body language that he was not telling the truth. So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty. It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. He tried to stop us publishing it but later we were proved right.ZY: Wow! That was a real "scoop". I'm looking forward to my first assignment now. Perhaps I'll get a scoop too!HX: Perhaps you will. You never know.Using LanguageGETTING THE "SCOOP""Quick," said the editor. "Get that story ready. We need it in this edition to be ahead of the other newspapers. This is a scoop." Zhou Yang had just come back into the office after an interview with a famous film star. "Did he really do that?" asked someone from the International News Department. "Yes, I' m afraid he did," Zhou Yang answered. He set to work.His first task was to write his story, but he had to do it carefully. Although he realized the man had been lying, Zhou Yang knew he must not accuse him directly. He would have to be accurate. Concise too! He knew how to do that. Months of training had taught him to write with no wasted words or phrases. He sat down at his computer and began to work.The first person who saw his article was a senior editor from his department. He checked the evidence, read the article and passed it on to the copy-editor. She began to edit the piece and design the main headline and smaller heading. “This will look very good on the page,” she said. "Where is a good picture of this man?" Then as the article was going to be written in English Zhou Yang also took a copy to the native speaker employed bythe newspaper to polish the style. She was also very happy with Zhou Yang's story. "You are really able to write a good front page article," she said. Zhou Yang smiled with happiness. Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it. "Well done," he said to Zhou Yang. "But please show me your evidence so we're sure we've got our facts straight.” “I’ll bring it to you immediately," said Zhou Yang excitedly.The news desk editor took the story and began to work on all the stories and photos until all the pages were set. All the information was then ready to be processed into film negatives. This was the first stage of the printing process. They needed four negatives, as several colours were going to be used on the story. Each of the main colours had one negative sheet and when they were combined they made a coloured page for the newspaper. After one last check the page was ready to be printed. Zhou Yang waited excitedly for the first copies to be ready. "Wait 611 tonight," his friend whispered. "I expect there will be something about this on the television news. A real scoop!"Unit 5 First aidReadingFIRST AID FOR BURNSThe skin is an essential part of your body and its largest organ. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the sun's harmful rays. The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of bums.Causes of burnsYou can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.Types of burnsThere are three types of burns. Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending onwhich layers of the skin are burned.◎ First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a mordent.◎ Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second layer of the skin. These bums are serious and take a few weeks to heal. Examples include severe sunburn and bums caused by hot liquids.◎ Third degree burns These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital at once.Characteristics of burnsFirst degree burns◎ dry, red and mildly swollen◎ mildly painful◎ turn white when pressedSecond degree burns◎ rough, red and swollen◎ blisters◎ watery surface◎ extremely painfulThird degree burns◎ black and white and charred◎ swollen; often tissue und er them can be seen◎ little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be pain aroundedge of injured area.First aid treatment1 Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.2 Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water. It is best to place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes. (The cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming unbearable and reduces swelling.) Do notput cold water on third degree burns.3 For first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.4 Dry the burned area gently. Do not rob, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.5 Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin. Hold the bandage in place with tape. Never put butter, oil or ointment on bums as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.6 If bums are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. If bums are on the face, the victim should sit up.7 If the injuries are second or third degree bums, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.Using LanguageHEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVESAWARDSeventeen-year-old teenager, John Janson, was honoured at the Lifesaver Awards last night in Rivertown for giving lifesaving first aid on his neighbour after a shocking knife attack.John was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who had saved the life of another.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. When he and his father rushed outside, a man ran from the scene. They discovered that Anne Slade, mother of three, had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off.It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life. He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, but when nobody could put their hands on any, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house. John used these to treat the most severe injuries toMs Slade's hands. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived."I'm proud of what I did but I was just doing what I'd been taught," John said.John had taken part in the Young Lifesaver Scheme at his high school. When congratulating John, Mr Alan Southerton, Director of the Young Lifesaver Scheme said, "There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life. It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference."Before receiving their awards last night, John and the nine other Life Savers attended a special reception yesterday hosted by the Prime Minister.。
Unit 5 First aid 译英语
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人教版英语必修5 Unit 5 First aid
5．Cover the burned area with a dry，clean bandage that will not stick to the skin.Hold the bandage in place with tape.Never put butter，oil or ointment on burns as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.
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人教版英语必修5 Unit 5 First aid
二度烧伤 这种烧伤既损伤了皮肤的表层，又损伤了皮肤 的第二层。这类烧伤属于严重的烧伤，需数星期才能痊愈。例 如严重的晒伤和灼热的液体所造成的烧伤。
三度烧伤 所有三层皮肤以及皮下组织和器官都受到损 害。例如由电击引起的烧伤，因衣服起火引起的烧伤，或因汽 油起火引起的严重烧伤。这些烧伤都导致严重损伤，受伤者必 须立即被送往医院。
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人教版英语必修5 Unit 5 First aid
Types of burns There are three types of burns.Burns are called first，second or third degree burns，depending on which layers of the skin are burned. First degree burns These affect only the top layer of the skin.These burns are not serious and should feel better within a day or two.Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan，stove or iron for a moment.
高中英语必修5第五单元单词的汉语
Unit 5 n. & vt. 帮助；援助；资助（对伤患者的）急救adj. 暂时的；临时的生病n. 损伤；伤害vi. & vt.流血n. 鼻出血；流鼻血vt. 扭伤adj. 扭伤的n. 踝（关节）vi. & vt. （使）噎住；（使）窒息n. 橱柜；衣柜n. 皮；皮肤adj. 最重要的；不可缺少的；本质的n. 器官n. 层；层次n. 屏障；障碍（物）n. 毒药；毒害vt. 毒害；使中毒n. 光线；射线adj. 复杂的n. 变化；多样（化）；多变（性）n. 液体n. 辐射；射线adj. 轻微的；温和的；温柔的adv. 轻微地；温和地n. 平底锅；盘子n. 炉子；火炉vi. & vt. （使）康复；（使）化解n. （生物）组织；薄的织物；手巾纸触电；电休克vi. & vt.（使）膨胀；隆起adj. 肿胀的n. 水泡vi. & vt. （使）起泡adj. （似）水的vi. 烧焦n. 神经；胆量n. (pl.) 剪刀adj. 难以忍受的；不能容忍的n. 盆；盆地vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨榨出；挤出反复；多次n. 绷在适当的位置；适当n. 药膏；油膏n. 传染；传染病；感染adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的n. 症状；征兆vt. 加标签或标记；分类n. 标签；标记n. (水)壶；罐vt. & vi. 倒；灌；注；涌n. 手腕adj. 潮湿的n. 袖子n. 女衬衫adj. 牢的；紧的；紧密的adv. 紧地；牢牢地adj. （动作）稳定有力的；坚定的adv. 坚固地；稳定地n. 咽喉；喉咙n. 典礼；仪式；礼节n. 勇敢；勇气vt. & vi. 刺；戳；刺伤若干；许多找到vt. & vi. 治疗；对待；款待 n. 款待；招待vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi. 申请；请求；使用；有效n. 压力；挤压；压迫（感）n. 救护车n. 方案；计划区别对待；有影响；起（重要）作用n. & vi. 瘀伤；擦伤。