四字成语翻译英汉对比

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四字成语中译英

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------四字成语中译英预防为主综合治理全面推进重点突破亲仁善邻和睦相处prevention first comprehensive control/management entire/all-round push-on breakthrough at key points cordiality, benevolence and good neighborliness living in harmony with others The strong should not oppress the weak and the rich 强不凌弱，富不侮贫 should not bully the poor. 协和万邦All nations live side by side in perfect harmony. One should be as inclusive as the ocean, which is vast海纳百川，有容乃大because it admits hundreds of rivers. 兼收并蓄光阴似箭有诺必践一如既往和衷共济亡国灭种万众一心浩然气概不屈节操赴汤蹈火殊死奋战可歌可泣英勇卓绝插科打诨精微深奥博大精深源远流长天下为公 embrace everything that is useful Time flies like an arrow. /How time files! Commitment should always be kept. unswervingly solidarity; fighting together with one accord extinction; being conquered and destroyed pull together; join hands; make joint efforts; be united as one noble spirit unyielding moral principle go through fire and water fight desperately; fight to death moved one to songs and tears heroic and splendid comic parts profound and abstruse extensive and profound run a long history The world belongs to all the people.1/ 6天下兴亡，匹夫有责吃苦耐劳勤俭持家尊师重教当务之急不谋而合莘莘学子青春洋溢书香浓郁Every man has a duty to his country.hard work and enduring hardship run the household industriously and frugally respect teachers and attach importance to education urgent; imminent coincide with students young academic/cultural atmosphere dynamic; vigorous 朝气蓬勃，充满活力多姿多彩日新月异光芒四射安居乐业相知无远近携手前进名列前茅 colorfulchange with each passing day shining; brilliant live and work happily and peacefully Distance can never separate real friends. join hands rank top 形容词性举足轻重光辉灿烂不可磨灭无边无际广袤富饶宏伟挺拔金壁辉煌玲珑剔透蔚为壮观庄严肃穆 decisive, vital, significant glorious and magnificent indelible boundless vast and fertile towering magnificence splendid and magnificent exquisitely carved/made/wrought splendid; spectacular solemn---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 不屈不挠动词性此起彼伏繁衍生息改朝换代穷兵黩武unyielding, unrelenting, dauntlessrise one after another, keep cropping up live and multiply/reproduce changes of dynasties wantonly engage in military aggression; use all one’s armed might toindulge in wars of aggression 雅俗共赏与日俱增极目远眺按资排辈求同存异流连忘返乐不思蜀不宣而战尽收眼底扬长避短反腐倡廉集思广益辞旧迎新开拓进取求同存异延年益寿审时度势招商引资急功近利扫黑扫黄减员增效退耕还林appeal to both refined and popular tastes increase with each passing day, be steadily on the increase look as far as the eye can see to assign priority according to seniority seeking common ground while putting aside differences linger on; be too delighted to leave too delighted to be homesick start an undeclared war hold a panoramic view play up strengths and avoid weaknesses fight corruption and build a clean government draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new blaze new trails and forge ahead seek common ground while shelving differences prolong one’s life size up the trend of events attract investment eager for instant success and quick profits crack down on gangland and pornography downsize(and cut payroll) to improve3/ 6efficiency return cultivated land to forest or pasture---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 互利互补集资办学寓教于乐因材施教按劳分配廉洁奉公呕心沥血画龙点睛mutually complementary and beneficial raise money to set up new schools teach through lively activities teach students according to their aptitude distribution according to performance honestly perform one’s official duties spare no efforts bring out the crucial point名词性：绿水青山墨客骚人奇花异草鱼米之乡奇峰异石浓妆淡抹轩然大波凤毛麟角层峦叠嶂around… 崇山峻岭雕梁画栋名山大川湖光山色名胜古迹平等互利国计民生灵丹妙药中流砥柱 steep mountains carved beams and painted pillars famous mountains and great rivers landscape of lakes and hills scenic spots and historical sites equality and mutual benefit national welfare and the people’s livelihood panacea/miraculous cure mainstay, chief cornerstone green hills and clear waters men of letters exotic flowers and herbs a land of milk and honey picturesque peaks and rocks heavy or light makeup a great disturbance, a mighty uproar rarity of rarities range upon range of mountains; the hills rise5/ 6世外桃源长治久安a haven of peace a long period of stability。

10.英汉成语对比

英汉成语的比较与翻译一英汉成语比较一、汉英成语的格式二、汉英成语的喻体（一）喻体、喻义相似趁热打铁晴天霹雳火上加油浑水摸鱼轻如鸿毛隔墙有耳空中楼阁破釜沉舟随波逐流如履薄冰（二）喻义相似，喻体不同血流如注守口如瓶．一贫如洗健壮如牛美中不足心猿意马瓮中之鳖雨后春笋杀鸡取卵（涸泽而渔）大海捞针非驴非马.班门弄斧江郎才尽热锅蚂蚁得意忘形攀龙附凤过河拆桥洗心革面大器晚成五十步笑百步一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳日间不做亏心事，夜半敲门心不惊。

冰冻三尺，非一日之寒（三）) 喻体相似，喻义不同翻天覆地≠move heaven and earth行尸走肉≠walking skeletondog-eat-dog ≠狗咬狗pull one’s leg ≠拉后腿eat one’s dinners ≠吃饭eat one’s words ≠食言)have dust in the eyes ≠眼睛里掺不得沙子（四）喻体多种，喻义相似左右为难between the devil and the deep sea进退维谷stick in the mud骑虎难下between the horns of a dilemma左支右绌in a deft stick不上不下hold a wolf by the ear跋前踬后with one’s back to the wall莫衷一是between two fires羝羊触藩at a nonplus三、文化背景上的不同to know the ropesto tide overto sink or swimto clear the decksall at seaplain sailingto rest on one’s oarsto keep one’s head above water再如：衣食住行方面：峨冠博带，黄袍加身，雕梁画栋，披甲执兵礼仪风俗方面：打躬作揖，三扣六拜，授受不亲，三沐三熏人伦关系方面：三从四德，媒妁之言，举案齐眉，珠联璧合有一部分成语出自历史事件、寓言、故事等，这类成语可以称为典故成语，带有独特文化背景的喻体：东施效颦D ongshi, an ugly woman, knitting her brows in imitation of the famous beauty Xishi, only to make herself uglier –叶公好龙Lord Ye’s love of dragons—四面楚歌be besieged on all sides; be utterly isolated; be in desperate straits;南柯一梦 a Nanke dream—a fond dream; an illusory joy卧薪尝胆sleep in brushwood and taste gall—undergo self-imposed hardships(to strengthen one’s resolve to wipe out a national humiliation or to accomplishsome ambition)三顾茅庐make three calls at the thatched cottage (as Liu Bei did when he sought the aid of Zhuge Liang, a master strategist then living in seclusion)---完璧归赵return the jade intact to the State of Zhao—夜郎自大ludicrous conceit of the King of Yelang—望梅止渴quench one’s thrist by thinking of plums—毛遂自荐to volunteer one’s service悬梁刺股to be extremely hard-working in one’s studyTrojan horsea Juda’s kissAchilles’ heelall things to all menbeat the airlost sheepdeath in the potpaint the lilyhole and corner四、宗教信仰的不同以英语为母语的民族大多信仰基督教。

中英成语中动物词汇对比翻译ppt课件

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人不可貌相，海水不可斗量
直译：A man can not be known by his look , nor can the ocean be measured by a dipper.
意译：We can not judge a person by appearance only.
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意译法
• 在直译和借用汉语成语都不妥当时，为了表达确切的原意，可进行意译
叶公好龙： professed love of what one really fears 毛遂自荐: volunteer one ‘s service 初出茅庐: at the start of one’s career
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• ２.定型性指成语中的词、形式、结构都是固定的，
一般不能更改或替换． Birds of a feather flock together 物以类聚，人以群分
Bring the house down 博得满堂喝彩
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• ３.整体性指英语成语意义具有整体性，不可根据
单个词意思来理解．猜一猜 Bite the dust Go to the happy hunting ground
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一、生态文化
中国自古以来就是农业大国，属于典型的地农耕文化，因此与农业有关的成语很多。例如：瓜熟蒂落、解甲归田、拔苗助长
英国是岛国，海洋性气候，航海业发达，很多成语源于航海事业。例如：to burn one’s boat 破釜沉舟
plain sailing 一帆风顺 go with the stream 随波逐流
英汉成语对比翻译
第一组：韦春梅，吕柯慧，韦春电，吴敏敏，于新华
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一、英汉成语的特点

英汉成语对比与翻译

安徽文学ANHUIWENXUE 安徽文学2018年10期总第423期英汉成语对比与翻译王楠竹南京信息工程大学文学院摘要：成语作为语言体系中一部分，具有不可或缺的重要地位，意义上具有整体性，能够精炼、形象、警辟、生动地表达丰富的内容，使得文章增姿多彩，发人深省，耐人寻味。

英语和汉语里都有着丰富的成语。

很多中英文成语都能相互找到对应的表达。

本文就英汉成语的特点及其差异的探讨，相应地提出了几种英汉成语的翻译方法。

关键词院英汉成语对比翻译无论是英语里还是汉语里，都含有丰富的成语。

在汉语中，成语是人们表达自己情感的重要语言形式。

词组简洁、短语精辟都是汉语成语的重要特点。

在英语中，成语通常都具有特殊意义，以短语的形式存在。

英语成语和汉语成语都是以短语为基本形式，在含义，内容等方面都高度相似。

但若忽视英汉成语文化上的差异，在翻译的过程中就很容易出现错误。

所以，我们要对英汉成语的特点及其之间的差异有充分的了解，在翻译英汉成语的过程中反复揣摩其之间的异同，从而正确掌握翻译英汉成语的方法与策略，做好英汉成语的翻译工作。

一、英汉成语特点英语和汉语里所包含的成语使用范围十分广泛，无论是人们在平时的口语交流中还是书面语的表达里，成语都以较高的频率出现。

成语在语言的表达上起着非常重要的作用，英语成语和汉语成语还有一些共同点和相近之处。

汉语成语和英语成语都具有整体性。

即一条成语所表达的含义是整体的、独立的、完整的。

在理解它们的含义的时候就要从整体考虑，不可以断章取义。

每个成语背后都有自己独特的含义。

在语言的表达上起到言简意赅的效果，有画龙点睛的作用。

此外。

汉语成语和英语成语的结构都是固定和定型的。

不能随意更改或调换成语里的词序结构，也不可以给成语随意加词或减词。

汉语成语很多都是从古代流传下来的，有些根据字面意思就能够理解，而有些却是一个典故的浓缩，要了解了成语典故的出处才能理解它的意思。

例如《三国演义》中的三顾茅庐、草船借箭，《史记》中的负荆请罪，《战国策·楚策》中的狐假虎威。

英汉成语谚语中的语言文化差异

切忌“望文生义” ，“生搬硬套”
文化差异与翻译
文化不可译现象

不同的语言文化之间存在着巨大的差异。一个民族的语言学承载另一个民族的文化，必然造成许多难以处理的翻译问题，即文化不可译现象。

e.g. 妯娌，连襟
Women who are married to brothers; men who are married to sisters. e.g. 她们是妯娌
spend money like water. 挥金如土

英国是, 岛国，航海业曾一度领先世界；
汉民族是农耕民族。人们的生活离不开土地。
英语中有许多关于船和水的习语，在汉语中没有完全相同的对应习语，如；to rest on one’s oars (暂时歇一歇)．to keep one’s head above water (奋力图存)。all at sea (不知所措) 等等。

大海捞针look for a needle in a haystack. 班门弄斧teach fish to swim. 三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮Two heads are better than one. 妻管严henpecked husband 诸葛亮（的形象）“He is as wise as Solomon” 洗心革面 To turn over a new leaf 山中无老虎，猴子称霸王Among the blind the oneeyed man is king.

见风使舵 See which way the cat jumps 倾盆大雨 It rains cats and dogs. 一贫如洗 (穷光蛋)Poor like a church mouse. 度日如年 donkey years 班门弄斧 Never offer to teach fish to swim. 三伏天 dog days

英汉成语对比

英国
英国是一个岛国,英国人喜欢航海,因此,很多成语源于航海事业。例如: plain sailing (一帆风顺) , all at sea (不知所措) , in the same boat (同舟共济) , toburn one’s boat (破釜沉舟) , to spend money like water(挥金如土)等。
一. 语义的整体性
2012-10-28
二.结构的稳定性
在英语中,一旦成语被改动或更换,它所表达的原意就会消失。例如前面所举的例子： Stare one in the face（近在眼前）和 Look one in the face （勇敢地去面对）就是表达不同的意思。
在汉语中，同样如此,如 “舌剑唇枪”中的“唇枪”和“舌剑”虽为并列关系,但一般不可改变为“舌剑唇枪”,也不可增字或减字;究其原因,那就是:这个成语的整体意义不等于这四个字的意义相加,它形容的是争辩激烈,言辞锋利。
从以上的例子可以看出,前者带有明显的陆地文化特色,而后者则带有典型的海洋文化特征。 2012-10-28
二.社会习俗中英汉成语的差异
社会习俗是文化的组成部分之一。而语言又是文化的承载者,习俗差异也自然会反映在语言中。英汉习俗的差异是多方面的,最典型的莫过于在对狗这种动物的态度上。
在中国狗在汉语中是一种卑微的动物,因而汉语中与狗
2012-10-28
3.形象具体：有许多成语，含有显著的修辞因素，看了或听了以后，就会
在头脑里留下一个深刻的、具体的印象。成语中所用的修辞手法，是多种多样的，这里举几种常见的例：（A）中流砥柱这个成语用现代汉语来说，就是"黄河中流的砥柱山。"砥柱是在黄河中流的一座山，黄河的水日日夜夜汹涌澎湃地冲击它，可是千百年来，依然屹立在那里。因此人们就用"中流砥柱"这四个字作为成语，比喻那些意志坚强，在大风大浪里经得起考验，毫不动摇，能起支柱作用的人。（B）车水马龙这个成语是用"车水"和马龙"两个词组构成的，"车水"和" 马龙"对偶。这里说的是"车"和"马"：车怎样呢？车象流水那样接连不断地飞驰。马怎样呢？马象龙那样活跃地奔跑。用这句成语来形容大街上人们来来往往的热闹景象是再恰当不过的了。成语所用的修辞方法，这些是最常见的。此外当然也还有别的，例如用典、夸张等，这里不以多举。因为许多成语都具有浓厚的修辞色彩，所以使人一看就觉得形象具体。

英汉成语翻译解析

英汉成语翻译一、关于英汉成语这里所指的成语是广义的，包括谚语和习语。

成语一般具有言简意赅、趣味隽永的特点。

准确熟练地运用成语可以增强表达能力，表明个人掌握使用语言的水平。

成语好比一面镜子，反映出一个民族的文化特点，因此也是一种语言与别种语言差异最大，最难翻译的部分。

现从几个方面说明英汉成语互译的特点。

（一）喻体不同中国人常用“雨后春笋”来形容事物的大量涌现。

英语则用“just like mushroom”来形容同样的意思。

试比较：Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs.（有！）杀鸡取蛋（/ruan）。

Look for a needle in a haystack.大海捞针Like a rat in a hole.瓮中之鳖A good conscience is a soft pillow.日间不做亏心事，夜半敲门心不惊。

（二）风俗习惯不同对于英国人来说，狗既用来看门打猎，也是人的伴侣/宠物。

英国人对狗一般有好感，常用来比喻人的生活。

如：Dog tired非常疲倦To dog one's steps跟某人走Top dog重要的人Lucky dog幸运儿As faithful as a dog像狗一样忠诚Love me, love my dog爱屋及乌Every dog has his day凡人皆有得意的日子但是，在英语中，“dog”有时（受外来的影响）也含有贬义。

如：a surly dog性情乖戾（）的人That/this dirty dog那个狗东西He is in the doghouse他名声扫地了He was a bit of a dog in his younger days. 他年轻时过着花天酒地的生活。

（三）历史背景的不同中国自古就是以农业大国，成语中有很大一部分农谚。

如：斩草除根；解甲归田；拔苗助长；顺藤摸瓜；瓜熟蒂落；桃李满天下。

2022年汉语成语中英文对照技巧归纳

一朝被蛇咬，十年怕草绳Once bitten, twice shy.一言既出，驷马难追A word spoken is past recalling.一见钟情to fall in love at first sight一箭双鵰/一举两得Kill two birds with one stone.一寸光阴一寸金Time is money.一失足成千古恨The error committed on impulse may turn out to be the sorrow of a whole life.一将功名万古枯What millions died that Caesar might be great.一年之计在于春，一日之计在于晨Plan your year in spring and your day at dawn.一人难称百人意You cannot please everyone.一气呵成Never make two bites of a cherry.一白遮三丑A white complexion is powerful enough to hide seven faults.一知半解A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一心一意John is a person who always works with undivided attention.一丘之貉These people are cut from the same cloth./are tarred with the same brush.一目了然His words just leapt to the eye. Do you need me to explain it?一帆风顺His business has gone off without a hitch.一刻千金You have to make good use of time. After all, every time counts.一事无成I am happy to know that all have ended in smoke about him.一败涂地The outcome of the election just bit the dust.一针见血His comment on the current affairs always hits the right nail on the head.一清二楚The accounts don’t seem to be as clear as crystal.一意孤行That boy is al ways going her own way. He won’t listen to his parents’ advice.一落千丈My son’s schoolwork has gone to pot. He really lets me down.一鸣惊人His performance at school really comes as a bombshell.一诺千金He never goes back on his word. He is as good as his word.一时兴起Don’t always do things by fits and snatches.一蹴可及You should know that it is impossible to make it at one stroke.一筹莫展I really have no idea what to do. Now I am at my wit’s end.一览无遗If you stand here looking down at the city. The wonderful scene will be in full view.一窍不通What you said is all Greek to me.一视同仁He treats everyone across the board.一模一样These twins look as like as two peas.一时兴起He does everything on the spur of the moment.2九死一生to have a hair-breadth escape九牛一毛Compared with mine, his was simply a drop in the bucket.人生如梦Life is but a dream.人生自古谁无死Death comes to all men.人生百岁古来稀It is seldom that a man lives to be a hundred years old.人定胜天Man can conquer nature.人不可貌相Appearances are often deceptive./ Never judge a look by its cover.人生而平等All men are created equal.人山人海How many people are there in the stadium? Believe it or not, a sea of faces人之常情It’s hamun nature for me to help those who need help.人云亦云Don’t echo others’words. Sometimes you’ve got to find out the truth.人去楼空Regretful to say, when the master was absent, his mansion was dead.人面兽心He is cruel enought to kill that girl; he’s really a wolf in sheep’s clothing.人言可畏Always remember what I say to you. Opinion rules the world. (Fling dirt enought and some will stick.)十年风水轮流转Every dog has its day.十全十美The show just leaves nothing to be desired.十拿九稳We have winning the game in the bag.十万火急I am writing in hot haste to let you know that I will be there on time.了无瓜葛That politician claimed that he had nothing to do with that scandal.力不从心A:Can you do me a favor? B:Sorry, my spirit is willing, but my flesh is weak.力挽狂澜He tried to stem the tide, but in vain.入境随俗Do in Rome as the Romans do.入木三分It actually gave a vivid picture of cut the quick. (leave an indelible impression)七上八下Don’t talk to me now because I am greatly upse now. (with one’s heart going pitapat)七窍生烟He was in a great fury (fuming with anger; in a great rage; terribly furious) and swore to get even with the opposite(跟对方报复).七零八落After the quake, the buildings went to rock and ruin. 八面玲珑In fact, she dances and sings all weathers. (her mill goes with all winds.)3三思而后行Look before you leap.三句不离本行to talk shop三个臭皮匠胜过一个诸葛亮Two heads are better than one.三番两次This guy is at me(找我碴) time after time.(time and again; time and time again.)三缄其口You’d better hold your peace, or you’ll ask for trouble.千钧一发to hang by a hair thread / at the critical time千锤百炼A good nail does not fear the hammer. (steeled and tempered; gone through fire and water)千载难逢It only happens once in a blue moon. (It chances in an hour that happens not in seven years.)千变万化The unexpected always happens.大刀阔斧It’s said that the new executive will go the whole hog (reform in a big way.)大同小异The two articles are much of muchness ( be alike with minor difference ; There’s not a pin to choose between the two ) in appearance and quality.大言不惭You really blow your own trumpet. (talk big; overshoot oneself)大快朵颐They are so delicious that I ate my fill. (gorge oneself; tuck in at; have [take] one’s fill.)大功告成The big project finally came off with honors (bring home the bacon; come thoough with flying colors).大智若愚He who canot play the fool is not a wise man.大器晚成Rome was not built in a day.大海捞针Finding your lost contact lens is just like looking for a needle in a haystack.山穷水尽at the end of one’s resources山中无老虎，猴子称大王Among the blind the one-eyed is king./When the cat’s away, the mice will pay.小题大做Make a mountain out of a molehill. ( fuss about trifles; a tempest in a teapot; a storm in a teacup; break a butterfly on a wheel )小洞不补，大来吃苦A stitch in time saves nine.小不忍则乱大谋Patience is a virtue.工欲善其事，必先利其器You cannot make bricks without straw.己所不欲勿施于人Do unto others as you would be done.仁者无敌The benevolent have no enemy.工欲善其事必先利器You cannot make bricks without straw.亡羊补牢Better late than never./ It’s never too late to mend. 上气不接下气I got out of breath when I climbed those stairs. 寸步不离He always keeps book at his elbow. (keep close to) 口若悬河He always talks nine words at once. (rattle on)口是心非He often speaks with his tongue in his cheek. (play a double game; say one thing and mean another )口蜜腹剑A honey tongue, a heart of gall. ( be nasty-nice; Bees that have honey in their mouths have stings in their tails. )久别情疏Out of sight, out of mind. (Far from eye, far from heart. Long absent, soon forgotten. Seldom seen, soon forgotten.)4不告而别to take French leave不要不自量力Don’t put a quarter into a pint pot.不要厚此薄彼Don’t make fish of one and flesh of another. 不畏艰难Take the bull by the horns.不战而屈人之兵The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting.不入虎穴焉得虎子How can one obtain tiger-cubs without entering the tiger’s lair.不经一事，不长一智Experience is the mother of wisdom.不舍画夜(24小时) Some convenience stores offer around the clock service.不胜其烦Your little brother is a pain in the neck.不可一世I really don’t know why she is always as proud as a peacock.不可救药His deep-rooted bad habits are simply beyond remedy.不由自主He is often absent-minded and dozed off in spite of himself in class.不自量力If he does so, he really goes beyond his depth. No one can beat that guy. (bite off more than one ches; overreach oneself;不屈不挠Although he has failed several times, he still keeps his chin up. (as steady as a rock; firm and unyielding; fight for tooth and nail; hang on by the eyelashes; stick to one’s color)不知死活John is really heedless of consequences. I believe some day he will ask for trouble.不知好歹Take my advice into consideration. Don’t know chalk from cheese.不耻下问To improve your studies, you got to be not above asking questions.不假思索He is good at speech. He often speaks impromptu. 不偏不倚You should believe that the judge held the scales even.不期而遇I came across an old friend of mine in a department store. (chance to meet; bump into; come upon; meet…accidentally/unexpectedly/by chance/by accident)不速之客You are really a thick-skinned and gate-crasher.不义之财Don’t be envious. Ill-gotten money comes easily and goes easily too.不谋而合Do you see eye to eye with him on that plan?不厌其烦The teacher often takes the trouble to instruct his pupils.不遗余力But the conspirators leave no avenue unexplored to re-establish contact with Britain.不择手段He just did the work by hook or by crook.不翼而飞Did you see that plane? It seems that it just vanished from sight.不声不响It’s implite for one to be as quiet/silent/still as a mouse and left.不识抬举Bring a cow to the hall and she will run to the byre. (Give him enough rope and he will hang himself.)少年老成to have an old head on young shoulders少不更事Although she is 20, she was still wet behind the ears in some ways.天无绝人之路God tempers the wind to the shorn lamb.天下乌鸦一般黑Crows are black all over the world.天无绝人之路God tempers the wind to the shorn lamb./ When one door shuts another opens.天助自助者Heaven helps those who help themselves.天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福It is the unexpected that always happens.天衣无缝These two ideas just fit like a glove.天涯海角I’ll find him to the ends of the earth. (out-of-the-way places; the uttermost part of the earth)天经地义It’s a matter of course to respect our elders. (a universal truth; it goes without saying that…)毛遂自荐to recommend one’s own person心正不怕雷打A good conscience is a soft pillow.心甘情愿He did all this of his own accord.心不在焉You look absent-minded; what’s wrong?心满意足The little boy sat there smiling, as happy as a clam. 心力交瘁I don’t know what to do. I just burned the candle at both ends.心灰意冷He was in black despair when he failed in the joint examination.(down in the bushes/in the dumps/lose heart心有余悸A burned child dreads the fires. (Once bitten, twice shy)心安理得No matter what he said, I have the peace of mind. (have an easy conscience)心血来潮He did it just on the impulse of the moment.心花怒放My heart sings with joy because I receive over 300 letters a week from people around the world心直口快John is frank and out spoken, so I prefer to remain with him.心满意足You can eat to your heart’s content.心猿意马He often carry fire in one hand and water in the other.心旷神怡Standing here feel on top of the world.。

英汉成语对比分析

英汉成语对比分析在英语学习中运用成语如果忽略整个句子的语境，成语的.使用就会与句子的语境不协调，有时甚至还会出现前后矛盾的情况。

下面是英译汉成语大全，欢迎参考阅读！1.岁岁平安 peace all year round.2.百闻不如一见 seeing is believing.3.比上不足比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst.4.笨鸟先飞 a slow sparrow should make an early start.5.不眠之夜 white night6.不以物喜不以己悲 not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses7.不遗余力 spare no effort; go all out; do one's best8.不踢不成交量 no discord, no concord.9.拆东墙补西墙 rob peter to pay paul10.辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new11.大事化小小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all12.大开眼界 open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener13.国泰民安 the country flourishes and people live in peace14.过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little15.功夫不负有心人 everything comes to him who waits.16.不好了伤疤忘了难受 once on shore, one prays no more17.好事不出门恶事传千里 good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.18.和气生财 harmony brings wealth.19.活到老学到老 one is never too old to learn.20.既往不咎 let bygones be bygones21.金无足赤人无完人 gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.22.金玉满堂 treasures fill the home.23.脚踏实地 be down-to-earth24.脚摔两只船 sit on the fence25.君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal;a hedge between keeps friendship green26.老生常谈陈词滥调cut and dried, cliché27.礼尚往来 courtesy calls for reciprocity.28.留得青山在不怕没柴烧 where there is life, there is hope.29.马到成功 achieve immediate victory; win instant success30.名利双收 gain in both fame and wealth31.茅塞顿开 be suddenly enlightened32.没有规矩不成方圆 nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards.33.每逢佳节倍思亲 on festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one's dear ones far away.it is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most.34.谋事在人成事在天 the planning lies with man, the outcome with heaven. man proposes, god disposes.35.弄巧成拙 be too smart by half; cunning outwits itself36.拿手好戏 masterpiece37.赔了夫人又折兵 throw good money after bad38.抛砖引玉 a modest spur to induce others to come forward with valuable contributions; throw a sprat to catch a whale39.破釜沉舟 cu t off all means of retreat;burn one‘s own way of retreat and be determined to fight to the end40.抢到先机 take the preemptive opportunities41.巧妇难为无米之炊 if you have no hand you can't make a fist. one can't make bricks without straw.42.千里之行始于足下 a thousand-li journey begins with the first step--the highest eminence is to be gained step by step43.前事不忘后事之师 past experience, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future.44.前人栽树后人乘凉 one generation plants the trees in whose shade another generation rests.one sows and another reaps.45.前怕狼后怕虎 fear the wolf in front and the tiger behind hesitate in doing something46.弱龙容易压地头蛇 even a dragon (from the outside) finds it hard to control a snake in its old haunt - powerful outsiders can hardly afford to neglect local bullies.47.强强联手 win-win co-operation48.瑞雪兆丰年 a timely snow promises a good harvest.49.人之初性本善 man's nature at birth is good.50.人逢喜事精神爽 joy puts heart into a man.51.人海战术 huge-crowd strategy52.世上无难事只要兹登山 where there is a will, there is a way.53.世外桃源 a fictitious land of peace away from the turmoil of the world;54.死而后已 until my heart stops beating55.爱屋及乌 love me, love my dog.1、谢莱广，道策多。

中文四字成语英译研究

中文四字成语英译研究由于中西方文化的差异，中文四字成语——这一相当具有中国特色的语言文化内容成为西方学者关注的焦点。

然而，四字成语的翻译也是汉英翻译中的一个难点。

本文就对一些中文四字成语进行了分类，并介绍了一些中文四字成语以及英译的例子和翻译方法。

标签：四字成语；翻译；英语中文的四字成语，是中国文化的一大特点。

而随着全球化的进程逐步加快，世界各个民族的文化交流逐步加深。

特别是我国成功举办北京奥运会之后，外国朋友对中国文化的兴趣越发浓厚。

与谚语、俚语等不同，汉语四字成语更以其对仗工整，音韵对称的美学功能和修辞特点而成为翻译中的一个难点。

中国的四字成语一般来自于古代经典、著名著作、历史故事、民间传说，或者是民间长期约定俗成的独特的语言表达方式，通常都具有鲜明的形象和浓厚的民族色彩特征。

那么，为了更好地探讨中文四字成语的翻译思路，我们先来了解一下中西文化差异之所在。

语言是表达思想的,而思想是客观的反映,人类有许多共同的生活经验,共同感受,所以不同的文化有不少重合处(cultural overlaps)。

在英汉两种语言中,同一名词会有相同的内涵意义或者联想意义。

比如狐狸都比喻为狡猾,猴子都比喻为机灵。

但由于受到客观条件的制约,不同的民族往往用不同的名词来比喻表达同一思想。

例如:汉语用“山中无老虎,猴子称霸王”,英语用“In the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king”.成语就好像一面镜子。

它反映一个民族或一个文化的特点。

汉英成语的差异正说明了这点。

汉英文化的差异可以概括为以下几个方面的不同。

一、比喻上的不同中国人常常用“杀鸡取卵”来比喻一个人贪心过甚,以至于一无所得。

而英语则用“kill the goose that lays golden eggs”来表达这个意思。

还有如:爱屋及乌Love me, love my dog.无风不起浪No smoke without fire.湿得像落汤鸡As wet as a drowned rat.蠢得像猪As stupid as a goose.二、地域文化的不同中国人常常用“雨后春笋”来形容一般事物的迅速发展和大量涌现。

和狗有关的四字成语英汉互译

和狗有关的四字成语英汉互译How far can a dog run into the forest?What kind of dog never can bite and bark?Mary had a big dog, and I had a smaller one. One day, the two dogs racedto see which ran faster. The dogs were soon tired out. Finally, my dog won the 10-mile race. Now which dog had more sweat on its body?The injured dog had some difficulty going home. Every step he took, he slipped back two. However, he still managed to get home. How did he do it? If you throw a stone into the Red Sea, what will it become?love me love my dog clever dog 聪明的人 like a dog with two tails 无比高兴lucky dog 幸运儿 lazy dog 懒家伙 yellow dog 无赖 dirty dog 坏蛋 it rains cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨 die like a dog 不得好死 Barking dogs seldom bite. 吠犬不咬人（意指：对于高声发出恐吓，或惯于大声吼叫的人，勿须当真）。

Every dog has his day. 凡人皆有得意日（意指：大家都有走运的一天）。

Dog does not eat dog. 同类不相残；同室不操戈。

英汉成语的翻译

Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched. 不可过早乐观。
Every cloud has a silver lining. 天下没有绝对的坏事；黑暗中总有一丝光明
Among so many well-dressed and cultured people, the country girl felt like a fish out of water.
英汉成语的翻译
1. 英汉成语比喻上的不同
中国人常常用成语“雨后春笋”来形容一般事物的迅速发展和大量涌现。英语则用just like mushroom(犹如蘑菇一样众多)来形容同样的意思。竹子不是英国土生土长的植物，甚至连bamboo(竹)这个词也是引进的外来语。因此，英国人不可能以竹笋作成语的形象来比喻。
He carelessly glanced through the note and got away.
二、将四字词组译成短语，如介词短语、
副词短语、不定式短语
这种方法往往是套用英语中最简单的词组或句型。如广告中常用的典雅大方elegant and graceful，轻柔松
这些词主要是名词、形容词、副词、动词。一部分汉语四字词组译为英语时只需用一个英语单词替换就足以表达它的意思。例如：
这是走向繁荣昌盛的唯一道路。
This is the only road leading to prosperity. 虽然我们前面的道路崎岖不平…… Although the road before us is rough... 他马马虎虎地看了看那张便条就走了。
figure.
3. 历史背景上的不同
中国自古以来是一个以农业为主的大国，农业人口占很大比例，因此，成语中有很大一部分是农谚。

成语英汉表达差异

翻译强化练习成语：1、每当谈起他的儿子，他显得得意洋洋。

(proud) 1．Whenever he talked about his son, He seemed to be proud of himself.2、如何做什么事TOM从不举棋不定。

(hesitate)2．Tom never hesitates to do anything.3、子女赡养父母是天经地义的。

(It)3．It's taken for granted that sons and daughters should support their parents.4、身为教师理应为人师表。

(set)4．To be a teacher, he or she should set people a good example/set a good example to people.5、她花了九牛二虎之力才把这辆老爷车修好。

(take/trouble) 5．She took great trouble to repair the old car.6、一口气跑回学校时，他早已气喘吁吁了。

(breath)6．When he ran back to the school all the way, he was already out of breath.7、虽然书房不大，但一切东西都井然有序。

(order)7．Though the study is not big, everything is in good order.8、解放军战士和灾区人民在遭受洪水的地区同甘共苦。

(share) 8．The PLA man shared comforts and hardships with the people inthe flooded area.share joys and sorrows/hardships9、大批记者围住丁俊晖，他茫然不知所措，无言以对。

常用成语汉英对照翻译

‎‎哀兵必胜an army burni‎n g with indig‎n atio‎n is bound‎ to win哀鸿遍野disas‎t er victi‎m s moani‎n g every‎where‎挨家挨户go from house‎ to house‎唉声叹气heave‎ deep signs‎ (of grief‎, worry‎ or angui‎s h)爱不释手be so fond of sth. that one will not let it out of one’s hand 爱莫能助be willi‎n g to help but unabl‎e to do so爱屋及乌love me, love my dog爱憎分明under‎s tand‎ what to love and what to hate碍手碍脚be in the way安邦定国bring‎ peace‎ and stabi‎l ity to the count‎r y安步当车strol‎l over inste‎a d of ridin‎g in a carri‎a ge安居乐业live and work in peace‎ and conte‎n tmen‎t安如泰山as solid‎ a s Mount‎ T ai安之若素bear with equan‎imity‎按兵不动take no actio‎n按部就班keep to conve‎n tion‎a l ways of doing‎ thing‎s按劳分配distr‎i buti‎o n accor‎d ing to work按图索骥deal with a matte‎r in a mecha‎n i cal‎ way按需分配distr‎i buti‎o n accor‎d ing to need暗渡陈仓enter‎ into a secre‎t liais‎o n暗送秋波make eyes at sb.昂首阔步strid‎e proud‎ly ahead‎不 ‎ p rett‎y close‎面玲珑be smoot‎h and slick‎面威风an aura of aweso‎m e might‎‎显神通like the Eight‎ Immor‎t als cross‎i ng the sea, each one showi‎n g his or her speci‎a l peopl‎e拔刀相助take up the cudge‎l s again‎s t an injus‎t ice拔苗助长spoil‎ thing‎s by exces‎s ive enthu‎siasm‎跋山涉水scale‎ mount‎a ins and ford strea‎ms白璧微瑕a sligh‎t defec‎t in a perso‎n of integ‎r ity白驹隙the time is fleet‎i ng白日做梦build‎ castl‎e s in the air白手起家start‎ from scrat‎c h‎进一步furth‎e r impro‎v e one’s work发中shoot‎ with unfai‎l ing accur‎a cy废俱兴all that was left undon‎e is now being‎ under‎t aken‎‎家争鸣let a hundr‎e d flowe‎r s bloss‎o m and a hundr‎e d schoo‎ls of thoug‎h ts conte‎n d里挑一one in a hundr‎e d; cream‎ of the crop不如一‎见 seein‎g for onese‎l f is bette‎r than heari‎n g from other‎s折不挠keep on fight‎i ng in spite‎ of all setba‎c ks稗官野史books‎ of anecd‎o tes班门弄斧displ‎a y one’s sligh‎t skill‎ befor‎e an exper‎t半斤两two of a kind半老徐娘woman‎ o f fadin‎g charm‎s半路出家switc‎h to a job one was not train‎e d for宝刀不老he is still‎ at the heigh‎t of his power‎s饱经风霜havin‎g had one’s fill of hards‎h i ps抱残守缺be an anach‎r onis‎m抱佛脚make a hasty‎last-minut‎e effor‎t抱痛哭cry on each other‎’s shoul‎d ers暴殄天物a reckl‎e ss waste‎ of the produ‎c t s of natur‎e暴跳如雷fly into a rage爆冷门a dark horse‎bobbi‎n g up背道而驰run count‎e r to背水一战fight‎ to win or die背信弃义break‎ faith‎ with sb.笨鸟先飞the slow need to start‎ early‎比比皆是such is the case every‎w here‎一一‎ times‎have chang‎e d敝帚自珍cheri‎s h sth. of littl‎e value‎ simpl‎y becau‎s e it is one’s own 避重就轻avoid‎ the impor‎t ant and dwell‎ on the trivi‎a l鞭长莫及beyon‎d the reach‎ of one’s power‎遍体鳞伤be beate‎n black‎ and blue标新立异creat‎e sth. new and origi‎n al别出心裁try to be diffe‎r ent别具一格have a style‎ of one’s own别有心have an axe to grind‎宾至如归a home from home兵如山 ‎ a n army in fligh‎t is like a lands‎l ide秉烛夜游make merry‎while‎ one may并驾驱keep abrea‎s t of sb. ; keep pace with sb.拨乱反正resto‎r e thing‎s to order‎博强记have encyc‎l opae‎d ic knowl‎e dge捕风捉影speak‎ or act on hears‎a y evide‎n ce不卑不亢neith‎e r overb‎e arin‎g nor servi‎l e不出所料as expec‎t e d不辞而别leave‎ witho‎u t sayin‎g goodb‎y e不不相 ‎ n o disco‎r d, no conco‎r d不自招give onese‎lf away不心‎不死refus‎e to give up until‎ a ll rope is gone不二法门the one and only way不之‎力as easy as falli‎n g off a log不分 ‎白make no disti‎n ctio‎n betwe‎en right‎ and wrong‎不寒而栗tremb‎l e with fear不即不 keep sb. at arm’s lengt‎h不胫而走sprea‎d like wildf‎i re不可名状be beyon‎d descr‎i ptio‎n不可日而‎ there‎is no compa‎r ison‎ b etwe‎e n them声不‎可一世blust‎e r and swagg‎e r like a conqu‎e ring‎ hero 不了了之end up with nothi‎n g defin‎i te不期而遇have a chanc‎e encou‎n ter不 ‎得子nothi‎n g ventu‎r e, nothi‎n g gain不三不四neith‎e r fish nor fowl不速之客gate-crash‎er不凡响out of the commo‎n run不不问be indif‎f eren‎t to sth.不相上下almos‎t on a par不遗余力do one’s utmos‎t不择手段by hook or by crook‎不折不扣out-and-out不知所措be at a loss步后尘follo‎w in sb.’s foots‎t eps残柳falle‎n women‎沧一粟a drop in the ocean‎察言观色watch‎ a perso‎n’s every‎mood长吁短叹moan and groan‎陈词滥调clich‎és乘风破浪brave‎ the wind and the waves‎趁人之危take advan‎t age of sb.’s preca‎r i ous‎ posit‎i on吃喝玩乐idle away one’s time in pleas‎u re-seeki‎n g吃一长一‎智a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit出尔反尔contr‎a dict‎onese‎l f出类拔萃be out of the commo‎n run出其不意catch‎ sb. unawa‎r es出人地stand‎ out among‎ one’s fello‎w s出人意料beyon‎d all expec‎t atio‎n s不‎怕young‎ peopl‎e are fearl‎e s s唇枪舌剑engag‎e in a battl‎e of words‎唇亡齿寒if one falls‎, the other‎ is in dange‎r词不达意the words‎fails‎ to conve‎y the idea地三‎两a clums‎y denia‎l resul‎t ing in self-expos‎u re 从长计议take one’s time in reach‎i ng a decis‎i on寸步不让not budge‎an inch‎子 puff onese‎l f up to one’s own cost大大擂make a big noise‎大大紫be very much in the spotl‎i ght大惊小怪make a fuss about‎ nothi‎n g大器晚 great‎ minds‎ matur‎e slowl‎y大失所望to one’s great‎ disap‎p oint‎m ent大小异alike‎ excep‎t for sligh‎t diffe‎r ence‎s大显身手give full play to one’s abili‎t ies大言不惭talk big大有文章there‎’s more to this than meet the eye单刀直 speak‎ out witho‎u t beati‎n g about‎ the bush殚精竭虑rack one’s brain‎s当机立断make a promp‎t decis‎i on当 ‎观清the onloo‎k er sees most of the game当之愧be worth‎y of一耙put the blame‎ on one’s victi‎m道一 ‎一丈the more illum‎i nati‎o n, the more tempt‎a tion‎得不偿失the game is not worth‎ the candl‎e得寸进 give him an inch and he’ll take a yard颠来去over and over弹琴s s the wrong‎ audie‎n ce自食恶果sow the wind and reap the whirl‎w ind恩威并施use the carro‎t and the stick‎ simul‎t aneo‎u sly尔虞我诈each tryin‎g to cheat‎ the other‎发人深省stir up one’s soul反为胜turn the tide返璞归真go back to natur‎e防微杜渐check‎ at the outse‎t飞蛾扑火seek one’s own doom纷至沓来keep pouri‎ng in焚膏继晷stay up late and work hard风靡一 be all the rage at the time釜底抽薪take drast‎i c measu‎r es to deal with an emerg‎e ncy俯拾即是be found‎ every‎w here‎腹背受敌be attac‎k e d front‎ and rear覆水难收what is done can not be undon‎e改邪归正turn over a new leaf改换面dish up the same old stuff‎ in a new form雷不下‎雨much noise‎ but no actio‎n纲举目张once the key link is grasp‎e d, every‎t hing‎ falls‎ into place‎格格不 like a squar‎e peg in a round‎ hole得其所each has a role to play有千秋each has his own stron‎g point‎s狗急跳墙a corne‎r ed beast‎ will do sth. despe‎r ate狗子 ‎管闲事poke one’s nose into other‎ peopl‎e’s e ss 孤掌难鸣it’s hard to succe‎e d witho‎u t suppo‎r t孤注一掷put all one’s eggs in one baske‎t骨瘦如柴a bag of bones‎故伎重演play the same old trick‎故作姿态put on airs顾名思义just as its name impli‎e s; as the term sugge‎s ts 拐弯抹角beat about‎the bush归根结底in the final‎ analy‎s is裹足不前hesit‎a te to move forwa‎r d拆桥kick down the ladde‎r底捞针look for a needl‎e in a hayst‎a ck害群之马a black‎ sheep‎好事磨the road to happi‎n ess is strew‎n with setba‎c ks 好为人师be given‎ t o layin‎g down the law恨之骨bear a bitte‎r hatre‎d for sb.横七竖 higgl‎e dy-piggl‎e dy光满面in the pink蛇尾in like a lion, out like a lamb哗众取宠try to pleas‎e the publi‎c with clapt‎r ap为 ‎帛 bury the hatch‎e t为乌有come to naugh‎t险为夷head off a disas‎t er画蛇添足ruin the effec‎t by addin‎g sth. super‎f luou‎s换不换 ‎ t he same old stuff‎ with a diffe‎r ent label‎焕然一新look brand‎-new患得患失be i ons of loss and gain 挥金如土spend‎money‎ like water‎回心转意have a chang‎e of heart‎毁于一旦be destr‎o y ed in a momen‎t浑然一体an integ‎r al whole‎混水摸鱼fish in troub‎l ed water‎s魂不守舍have lost one’s mind火中取栗be a cat’s paw货真价实dyed-in-the-wool祸不单行it never‎ r ains‎ but it pours‎机不可失失‎不再来oppor‎t unit‎y knock‎s but once积少 many a littl‎e makes‎ a mickl‎e积重难返ingra‎i ned habit‎s are hard to chang‎e其人之道‎ 其人之‎身 pay a perso‎n back in his own coin集思广益pool the wisdo‎m of the masse‎s几次三番time and again‎所不 ‎施于人do not unto other‎s as you would‎ not have them do unto you计日程功have the compl‎e tion‎ of a proje‎ct in sight‎既往不咎not censu‎r e sb. for his past misde‎e ds家家有难‎念的经every‎ famil‎y has its own hard nut to crack‎家喻户晓widel‎y known‎戛然而止come to an abrup‎t end简而言之to put it in a nutsh‎e ll见仁见智diffe‎r ent peopl‎e, diffe‎r ent views‎上不‎得不发one has reach‎e d the point‎ of no retur‎n 江日下be on the decli‎n e将计就计beat sb. at his own game将心比心put onese‎l f in sb.’s shoes‎是老的‎辣 veter‎ans are abler‎ than recru‎i ts绞尽脑汁rack one’s brain‎s脚两 ‎ s it on the fence‎矫枉正over-corre‎ct街谈巷议stree‎t gossi‎p结党营私band toget‎her for selfi‎s h purpo‎s es捷足先登the early‎ bird catch‎e s the worm涸泽而渔kill the goose‎ that lays the golde‎n eggs金口言utter‎a nces‎that carry‎ great‎ weigh‎t金其 ‎絮其中fair witho‎u t, foul withi‎n水不 ‎水I’ll mind my own e ss, you mind yours‎敬而远之stay at a respe‎c tful‎ dista‎n ce from sb.一毛a drop in the ocean‎死一 survi‎v al after‎ many hazar‎d s就事论事deal with a matte‎r on its merit‎s具体而微minia‎t ure据理力争argue‎ stron‎g ly on just groun‎d s聚精会神conce‎n trat‎e one’s atten‎t ion卷土重来stage‎ a comeb‎a ck开诚相见be frank‎ a nd open见风使舵trim one’s sails‎慷慨就义die a marty‎r’s death‎孔孟之道the doctr‎i n e of Confu‎c ius and Menci‎u s口蜜腹剑honey‎ on one’s lips and murde‎r in one’s heart‎哭丧着 go aroun‎d with a long face苦不堪言the miser‎y or hards‎h ip is d words‎刀乱 ‎ c ut the Gordi‎a n knot马加鞭whip and spur脍炙人口enjoy‎ great‎ popul‎a rity‎喟然长叹heave‎ a deep sigh困兽犹斗beast‎s at bay will fight‎ back老奸巨猾an old hand at trick‎e ry and decep‎t ion老马途an old hand is a good guide‎乐极悲extre‎m e joy beget‎s sorro‎w雷声大雨 ‎小much talk, littl‎e actio‎n累死累活work onese‎l f to death‎冷若冰霜have an icy manne‎r冷眼观look on with a cold eye轻意重‎ i t’s nothi‎n g much, but it’s the thoug‎h t that count‎s理所当然as a matte‎r of cours‎e力挽狂澜make vigor‎o us effor‎t s to turn the tide力争上游striv‎e for first‎ place‎利熏心be blind‎e d by greed‎量为出cut one’s coat accor‎d ing to one’s cloth‎了如指掌have sth. at one’s finge‎r tips‎临渴掘 make an eleve‎n th-hour attem‎p t临渊羡鱼one shoul‎d take pract‎i cal steps‎to achie‎v e one’s aims 琳琅满目a feast‎ for the eyes令人发指make one brist‎l e with anger‎溜须拍马lick sb.’s boots‎溜之大吉make onese‎l f scarc‎e露马脚let the cat out of the bag碌碌为lead a vain and humdr‎u m life戮力心make conce‎r ted effor‎t s每况愈下go from bad to worse‎美中不足a blemi‎s h in a thing‎ of beaut‎y蒙鼓里be kept in the dark明媒正娶be legal‎l y and forma‎l ly marri‎e d冥思苦想rack one’s brain‎s墨守规stay in a rut漠不关心indif‎f eren‎t; uncon‎c erne‎d囊中羞涩be short‎ o f money‎恼羞怒fly into a rage from shame‎能劳the abler‎ one is, the more one shoul‎d do呕心沥血work one’s heart‎ out拍马屁lick sb’s boots‎攀龙附凤put onese‎l f under‎ the patro‎n age of a bigwi‎g征博引be well docum‎e nted‎了人 ‎折兵inste‎a d of makin‎g a gain, suffe‎r a doubl‎e loss疲于奔命be kept const‎a ntly‎ on the run平步云have a meteo‎r ic rise平起平坐be on an equal‎ footi‎n g破釜沉舟burn one’s boats‎起死回 snatc‎h a patie‎n t from the jaws of death‎牵肠挂肚be on tente‎r hook‎s前事不后‎事之师lesso‎n s learn‎e d from the past can guide‎ one in the futur‎e出于而‎胜于the pupil‎ surpa‎s ses the maste‎r晴天霹雳a bolt from the blue穷途末路have come to a dead end趋炎附 curry‎ favou‎r with the power‎f ul曲和寡too highb‎r o w to be popul‎a r全心全意heart‎ and soul上的 ‎蚁a cat on a hot tin roof火朝天in full swing‎人定胜天man will trium‎p h over natur‎e仁见仁智‎见智diffe‎r ent peopl‎e have diffe‎r ent views‎如坐针毡be on pins and needl‎e s乳臭未 be wet behin‎d the ears不敷出unabl‎e to make ends meet乡随俗when in Rome do as the Roman‎s do三寸不之‎舌a silve‎r tongu‎e三不 ‎行can hardl‎y open one’s mouth‎ witho‎u t talki‎n g shop 三思而行look befor‎e you leap三心二意shill‎y-shall‎y丧家之犬a stray‎ cur搔首弄姿postu‎r e and preen‎ onese‎l f杀鸡取卵kill the goose‎ that lays the golde‎n eggs山穷水尽at the end of one’s rope煽风火stir up troub‎l e少不力‎老大伤悲‎ l azin‎e ss in youth‎ spell‎s regre‎t in old age 舍逐末atten‎d to trifl‎e s and negle‎c t essen‎t ials‎舍取义lay down one’s life for a just cause‎神气足putti‎n g on grand‎ airs‎饭what’s done can’t be undon‎e盛极一 be all the rage为‎俊杰a wise man submi‎t s to circu‎m stan‎c es不待我time and tide wait for no man如破竹like a hot knife‎ cutti‎n g throu‎g h butte‎r事实胜于 ‎辩facts‎speak‎ loude‎r than words‎视死如归look death‎calml‎y in the face首屈一指be secon‎d to none视睹turn a blind‎ eye to鼠目寸光see only what is under‎ one’s nose水滴石穿littl‎e strok‎es fell great‎ oaks水泄不通be water‎t i ght‎‎ speak‎ of the devil‎ and he will appea‎r做 match‎ one’s deeds‎ to one’s words‎一不二stand‎ by one’s word‎ in the twink‎l ing of an eye死里逃 escap‎e by the skin of one’s teeth‎；have a narro‎w escap‎e 死心塌地be hellb‎e n t四脚朝天fall on one’s back搜肠刮肚rack one’s brain‎追溯源trace‎ back to the sourc‎e随声附和chime‎ in with other‎s所向披靡sweep‎ away all obsta‎c les贪怕死care for nothi‎n g but savin‎g one’s skin贪小失大seek gains‎ but incur‎ big losse‎s探囊取物as easy as falli‎n g off a log逃之夭夭show a clean‎ pair of heels‎特立独行indep‎e nden‎t in mind and actio‎n提心吊胆have one’s heart‎ in one’s mouth‎天方夜谭a cock-and-bull story‎条分缕析make a caref‎u l and detai‎l ed analy‎s is听而不 turn a deaf ear to铤而走险make a reckl‎e ss move归于尽end up in commo‎n ruin命‎运 throw‎ in one’s lot with sb.捅马蜂窝bring‎ a horne‎t’s nest about‎ one’s ears鸡不 ‎把go for wool and come back shorn‎面人物a big shot突飞猛进advan‎c e with seven‎-leagu‎e strid‎es唇舌waste‎ one’s breat‎h推波助澜add fuel to the flame‎s唾手可得extre‎m ely easy to obtai‎n不其‎宗chang‎e time and again‎, yet stay much the same 玩世不恭thumb‎ one’s nose at the world‎金油Jack of all trade‎s and maste‎r of none望梅止渴feed on fanci‎e s文饰非gloss‎ over wrong‎s文如其人the style‎ i s the man稳住阵脚hold one’s groun‎d我行我素stick‎ to one’s old way of doing‎thing‎s风不起浪‎ t here‎’s no smoke‎ witho‎u t fire不丈 ‎ a ll great‎men are ruthl‎e ss地自容look for a hole to crawl‎ into所事事idle away one’s time之炊make brick‎s witho‎u t straw‎隙可乘no chink‎ i n one’s armou‎r步 ‎步 the pot calls‎ the kettl‎e black‎物类聚人‎群分birds‎ of a feath‎e r flock‎ toget‎h er 洗心革面turn over a new leaf自然‎ h abit‎ b ecom‎e s secon‎d natur‎e先声夺人overa‎w e peopl‎e by displ‎a ying‎ one’s stren‎g th 相形见绌be outsh‎o ne相提并论place‎ on a par想非非daydr‎e am销声匿迹disap‎p ear from the scene‎逍遥法 be at large‎掉大牙laugh‎ one’s head off心有余而力‎不足the spiri‎t is willi‎n g, but the flesh‎ is weak 心绪不宁in a flutt‎e r休戚与 share‎ the same fate心志lofty‎ aspir‎a tion‎s and high ideal‎s秀色可餐beaut‎y to feast‎ one’s eyes on虚张声 bluff‎ and blust‎e r虚怀若谷be open-minde‎d喧宾夺主a noisy‎ g uest‎ steal‎s the host’s thund‎e r雪泥鸿爪trace‎s of bygon‎e days学止境there‎’s no limit‎ to knowl‎e dge言为心声what the heart‎ think‎s the tongu‎e speak‎s言而信go back on one’s word言不由衷speak‎with one’s tongu‎e in one’s cheek‎揠苗助长spoil‎ thing‎s by exces‎s ive enthu‎siasm‎掩耳盗铃bury one’s head in the sand眼中中‎刺a thorn‎ in one’s flesh‎扬眉吐气feel proud‎and elate‎d养尊处优live in clove‎r夜继日round‎ the clock‎一不做二不‎休 in for a penny‎, in for a pound‎一触即发be on the verge‎ of break‎i ng out一分一分‎货what price‎, what goods‎一一‎坑each has his own task, and nobod‎y is despe‎n s abl‎e 一鼓作气get sth. done in one susta‎i ned effor‎t一哄而散break‎ up in a hubbu‎b一回二回‎ diffi‎c u lt the first‎ time, easy the secon‎d一见如故hit it off well right‎ from the start‎一见钟 fall in love at first‎ sight‎一刻千金time is gold一双雕kill two birds‎ with one stone‎一模一样as like as two peas一鸣惊人set the world‎ on fire一丘之貉birds‎ of a feath‎e r一失足千‎古恨a singl‎e slip may cause‎ lasti‎n g sorro‎w一手一‎手货cash on deliv‎e ry一往深be head over heels‎ in love一网尽round‎ up the whole‎ gang at one fell swoop‎一厢愿one’s own wishf‎u l think‎i ng一物一物‎ e very‎t h ing‎ has its super‎i or一所有not have a thing‎ to one’s name一言不发keep one’s mouth‎ shut一言难尽it’s a long story‎一衣带水a narro‎w strip‎ of water‎一跃而起jump to one’s feet一针见血hit the nail on the head衣不蔽体have nothi‎ng but rags on one’s back权谋私abuse‎ power‎ for perso‎n al gain其人之道‎ 其人之‎身 pay sb. back in his own coin德报怨repay‎ evil with good疑神疑鬼be even afrai‎d of one’s own shado‎w因材施教suit the instr‎u ctio‎n to the stude‎nt’s level‎因小失大penny‎ wise and pound‎ fooli‎s h引为荣take it as an honor‎应运而 emerg‎e as the times‎ deman‎d优胜劣汰selec‎t the super‎i or and elimi‎n ate the infer‎i or有碍观瞻be an eyeso‎r e有有‎难当share‎ weal and woe有机可乘there‎’s a looph‎o le that can be used有其必有‎其子like fathe‎r, like son有眼不泰‎山enter‎tain an angel‎ unawa‎r e s有志事 ‎where‎ there‎’s a will there‎’s a way与俱进keep pace with the times‎与世争hold onese‎l f aloof‎ from the world‎与众不 diffe‎r ent from the commo‎n run壑难填avari‎c e knows‎ no bound‎s擒故纵allow‎ sb. more latit‎u de first‎ to keep a tight‎e r rein on himafter‎w ards‎速不达‎ m ore haste‎, less speed‎远走飞flee to faraw‎ay place‎s怨天尤人blame‎ every‎o ne and every‎t hing‎ but onese‎l f跃跃试itch to have a go越俎代庖take sb. else’sjob into one’s own hands‎砸卖铁give away all one has再接再厉conti‎n ue to exert‎ onese‎l f责贷be duty-bound‎债台筑be up to one’s ears in debt沾亲带故have ties of kinsh‎i p or frien‎d ship‎张口结舌be at a loss for words‎张三李四any Tom, Dick or Harry‎仗欺人abuse‎ one’s power‎ and bully‎ p eopl‎e宣科repea‎t what the book says山望着 ‎山alway‎s think‎ the grass‎is green‎e r on the other‎ side of the hill真知灼见penet‎r atin‎g judge‎m ent正中下怀fit in exact‎l y with one’s wishe‎s争朝夕seize‎ the day, seize‎ the hour指日可待be just round‎ the corne‎r趾气昂be swoll‎e n with arrog‎a nce智穷才尽at one’s wits’ end智千虑必‎有一失even the wise are not free from error‎装模作样put on an act自卖自夸blow one’s own trump‎e t自食其力earn one’s own livin‎g自讨没趣court‎ a rebuf‎f自投罗网bite the hook自作自受stew in one’s own juice‎罪有应得the punis‎h ment‎ fits the crime‎左右为难in a dilem‎ma坐吃山空sit idle and eat, and in time your whole‎ fortu‎n e will be used up坐收渔人之‎利reap the spoil‎s of victo‎ry witho‎u t lifti‎n g a finge‎r坐其 reap where‎ one has not sown坐待毙await‎ one’s doom作壁上观be an onloo‎k er作茧自缚get enmes‎hed in a web of one’s own spinn‎i ng作威作 act like a tyran‎t。

浅谈英汉成语的对比及其翻译

谈英汉成语的对比及其翻译何小菊[2007041113]黔南民族师范学院外国语言文学系摘要: 成语是一个民族语言的重要组成部分,蕴涵着丰富的文化内涵。

英汉两种语言都有着大量成语。

本文对英汉成语的异同进行了比较，进而提出了几种英汉成语的翻译方法，旨在英语学习者能更好地理解掌握英汉成语的妙用。

关键词:英语成语；比较；翻译方法A Comparative Study of English and Chinese IdiomsHeXiaoju[2007041113]Qian Nan Normal University Foreign Language DepartmentAbstract:Idioms are an important part of language and have rich cultural connotations. English and Chinese are both rich in idioms.The paper analyzes and compares English idioms with Chinese ones and then puts forward some translation methods of idioms. Its aim is to make English learners understand and master English-Chinese idioms better.Key words: English idioms; comparison; translation methods“成语”是人们长期沿袭使用的、结构基本固定的短语或短句。

[1] (P112)无论英语还是汉语，都经历了长长的历史，有许多相似之处。

成语包括习语，谚语，俗语和典故等，含有丰富的文化知识。

虽然英汉语之间有相同点，但是它们在地理环境，历史背景，风俗习惯，宗教信仰方面也存在很大的差异。

动物在英汉成语中的喻意对比

动物在英汉成语中的喻意对比据(现代汉语词典)解释，成语是“人们长期以来习用的，形式简洁而意思精辟的定型的词组或短句。

汉语的成语大多由四个字组成。

(汉英)译成语为set phrase;idiom。

前者相当于“定型词组”，后者相当于“习语”，和成语的概念都不完全对等。

但英语这两个词比较接近成语的意思，尤其是后者，经常作为成语的对应词。

以下是几种动物在英语idiom里和汉语成语中的不同联想对比：一、狗狗对于英国人来说，既可以用来看门或打猎，也能作为人的伴侣和爱物。

所以，英国人对狗一般不抱恶感，倒反而有感情。

不过英国是受外来影响很大的语言，它的成语中狗的形象含有贬义的也有，但令人厌恶的、可鄙的含义不多，这和汉语是大不一样的。

英语口语里以“dog”指人很平常，汉语就不行。

“Dog”不过是“家伙”的意思，本身并无贬义，视其前面的形容词不同而具有不同的含义，例如a lucky dog(幸运儿)，a gay dog(喜欢玩乐的人)，a surly dog(性情古怪的人)，a dumb dog(沉默不语的人)，a dirty dog(坏蛋)等。

单独用“dog”指“坏蛋”,“废物”是旧用法。

不过在口语里，dog有时也指“社会上不太体面的人”。

如：He was a bit of a dog in his younger days。

但“hot dog”却是夹在面包中吃的红香肠。

此外，a dead dog(毫无价值的东西，废物)，a dog in the manger(占着茅坑不拉屎的人)都有一定的贬义。

Lead a dog’s life(过着令人烦恼的生活)，die a dog’s death, die like a dog(死得可鄙或可悲)，go to the dogs(堕落，毁灭)，let sleeping dogs lie(不要惹是生非)等成语中“dog”的形象也都不好。

但是，help a lame dog over a stile(助人渡过难关)中的“dog”是值得同情的对象。

中英成语中动物词汇对比翻译

三、社会文化方面
社会习俗是文化的组成部分之一，而语言又是文化的承载者，因此英汉习俗差异反映在语言中是多方面的。
例如：汉语中龙是帝王、力量、男性、高贵的象征，汉
语中与龙有关的成语大多是褒义的。龙腾虎跃、卧虎藏龙、龙马精神
在英语国家，龙却被认为是邪恶的化身，大多带有贬义。
dragons and fishes jumbled together(鱼龙混杂）
一、生态文化
中国自古以来就是农业大国，属于典型的地农耕文化，因此与农业有关的成语很多。例如：瓜熟蒂落、解甲归田、拔苗助长
英国是岛国，海洋性气候，航海业发达，很多成语源于航海事业。例如：to burn one’s boat 破釜沉舟
plain sailing 一帆风顺 go with the stream 随波逐流
意译法
• 在直译和借用汉语成语都不妥当时，为了表达确切的原意，可进行意译
叶公好龙： professed love of what one really fears 毛遂自荐: volunteer one ‘s service 初出茅庐: at the start of one’s career
• This added fuel to the fire of the old lady's anger，“Who ordered coffins？”
seek truth from facts 实事求是 to pour oil on fire 火上浇油 eye for eye and tooth for tooth 以牙还牙 All crows are equally black , all wolves eat meats. 天下乌鸦一般黑，老狼都是吃肉的。