新公共管理英语论文翻译

Ｎew Public Ｍanagement : Contemporａry Weｓteｒｎtｒend of thｅｎe

ｗpｕblｉc aｄminｉstratｉon

Froｍthe sｔart oｆthｅ１９7０ｓ，the Wｅsｔhａｓdominatｅd the fielｄｏf ｐubｌic ａdｍinｉｓｔrａｔiｏｎneaｒly a centuｒy. anｄwas rｅｇaｒｄeｄｔｏbe ｅfｆective, ｅveｎthe besｔｔraditional oｒｍａｉnstｒｅam pｕbliｃadmiｎｉsｔration, suｂjeｃted to a neｗeｘteｒｎal envirｏnｍent iｎcreａｓingly toｕgｈchaｌlｅngｅs, ａnd the ａｌmｏｓｔroｕtine, rigid—ｔier sysｔem can nｏt meet ｔhe increaｓiｎｇlyｒａpid ch ａｎｇes in information aｎdｋnoｗledge－inｔenｓiｖe society and ecｏnom ｉc lifｅ，buｉld on ｉｔｓtwo majｏr tｈeorｅticａｌｂasis—— ＧooｄｎoｗWｉlson ａnd thｅpolｉticaｌ—admｉniｓｔratiｖｅtheｏry an ｄthe two-laｙｅr managemeｎt Huiｂａiｋe no ｔhｅory Laｗanswerｅｄａnd solveｄｔheｇovernmｅｎt faｃｅs an increaｓiｎgly ｓerious prｏbleｍs anｄdｉfficｕlｔｉes ：tｈe finaｎcｉａlｃriｓis,the soｃial welfare ｐoｌiｃｙｕnsusｔainａble，goverｎｍent agｅｎｃies iｎcreａsin ｇｌy bｌｏatｅｄ, iｎeffiｃieｎt, the puｂｌic lost coｎfidｅnｃｅin tｈe goverｎment'ｓaｂiliｔy,"gｏvernmenｔfaｉlurｅ＂tｈｅorｙhas begｕｎｔo ｄｏminaｔe.

Ｉｔis inｔhｉs hｉｓtoriｃａl backdroｐ, aｎｅw pｕｂlic administra ｔion ｔheorｙ，Managｅｍｅnt －－New Pｕblic Managｅmeｎt （NewP ｕｂliｃＭanａgemｅnｔ）iｎthｅ19８０s, tｈｅAnｇｌo—Amerｉcan

two ｃrｏps，and ｔｈｅraｐid eｘpansion oｆtｈｅWestｅrｎcountriｅs.

And ｔhe ｎumｂer of traditionalｐubｌicａdｍｉｎｉsｔraｔion ｗi ｔhin the framｅwork of the changes，Ｐuｂｌic maｎagemｅnt is not neｗｔoｔｈe existing aｄministratiｖeｓtructuｒe anｄwａys of sｏmｅd ｅgree ｏｆpartiａl adｊuｓｔment oｒsimｐly tｏｌower adminiｓｔratｉｖe cosｔs and ｒeducｅadｍiｎistrａtiveｅxpenｓes，but morｅｉmpoｒta ｎtly, iｔis the trａditional modｅl of public ａdminｉｓｔration oｆ a compreheｎsiveｓettlemenｔand deｎiｅd．

1．The new ｐuｂlic mａnagemeｎt theoｒy

If the traditionａl public adｍinｉｓtｒａtion to Wｉlｓoｎ。Goｏdnow p ｏlitiｃaｌ—admiｎiｓtratｉve thｅorｙand the two-Weber—ｔiｅr systｅｍｏｎtｈe sｕppｏrt of thｅir ｔheoｒｙ，new public whｉleｍanａgement of modｅrn economｉcｓａnd prｉvａte ｅnteｒprise mａｎagｅｍent ｔheｏry aｎｄｍｅtｈoｄs aｓiｔs theoretical baｓｉｓ。

Ｆｉrsｔ，ｔhe neｗpｕblic mａnａgemｅｎｔｆｒom modern econｏmicｓhaｓmany theorｅtｉcaｌｂasis, From the”rａｔiｏnal＂(ｔhe ratio ｎalｉs for thｅir own iｎtｅresｔs.wanｔtoｐayｔhe smallｅｓt gaｉn maｘimｕm benefits）of tｈｅpreｍise is the basis ｆｏr ｐerfｏrmance ｍaｎagement；frｏm the puｂlic chｏice theory and ｔransaｃｔion coｓt wｈich the government should bｅmarｋeｔ—orienteｄor ｃustｏmers，improｖｅthe efｆｉciency ｏf ｓervｉces, ｔhe quality and ｅｆｆ

ｅｃtｉveness of tｈｅbasis;ｆｒom tｈe coｓt—ｅffｅｃtivｅnｅｓs ａnal ｙsｉs was to ｄｅfiｎe tｈe perfoｒmａnce goaｌs, Mｅasuremｅnt ａnd eｖａｌｕａｔion，aｎd soｏn the basｉｓ．

Seｃondly，tｈe neｗpubｌic manａgement from thｅprｉvateｍanagement ｍeｔｈodｓto absｏｒb nｕｔｒiｅntｓ. Ｔｈe nｅw pｕbｌic adｍｉnistraｔiｏn that many prｉｖate sｅctoｒmanagement methods aｎｄｍeａns availaｂｌｅｔo the ｐubｌｉｃｓectoｒborrowing.Sucｈas th ｅｐｒivate sｅctor，tｈｅorganizａｔｉonal foｒm of fleｘibiｌity iｎadapting tｏthe envirｏｎmenｔ，ａｎd nｏt Weｂｅr sａiｄthe rｉｇｉd hierａrchy；oｕtｐuｔs and outcomes of thｅhigh dｅｇｒee of iｍportance (for ｔhe priｖateｓｅctor，ouｔｐuｔmeansｐｒｏｆitｓin a ｈｉghlｙcompｅtiｔive marｋｅt eｎｖｉroｎmeｎt, we must ｍake ｐｒo ｆitｓｔo provide cｕsｔoｍers witｈhigh－quａｌiｔy servｉｃe，Meaｎwhile, aｓfａr as possible to reducｅcｏsts)，raｔher than just iｎpｕt aｎｄouｔｐut weiｇht; pｅrｓonnｅl managemｅnt ｔo achieｖe a fleｘible sｙｓtem of emｐloymenｔcoｎtracｔs ａnd performａnce pay sｙｓteｍ，rａther than ｂy hirｉｎg ａperｍanent oｆfice，ａnｄso on。

Ｉｎshｏｒt，tｈe new pｕblｉｃmanagｅｍｅnt,and is already by ｔhe privａte seｃｔor to sucｃesｓfully used ｍanaｇemenｔｍethｏｄs, If ｐeｒfｏrmaｎcｅｍａnａgｅmｅnt,ｇｏal manageｍent,organizatiｏｎaｌdeveloｐｍent，hｕｍan resourcesｄevelopment is not unique toｔｈe p